Bias and Prejudice
Overview of Research Skills
Online Search Modifiers
Search Tips
The Credibility Test
Skimming and Scanning
Bias......
the action of supporting or opposing a particular
person or thing in an unfair way, because of
allowing personal opinions to influence your
judgment
Common Types of Biases
ANCHORING BIAS
MEDIA BIAS
CONFIRMATION BIAS
CONFORMITY
HALO EFFECT
Common Types of Bias
ANCHORING BIAS
-this happens when people rely too
much on pre-existing information
or the first information they find
when making decisions.
MEDIA BIAS
-this happens when journalists
and news producers select the
events and stories that are
reported,and how they are
covered.
Common Types of Bias
CONFIRMATION BIAS
-the tendency of people to favor
information that connfirms their
existing beliefs.
CONFORMITY BIAS
-this happens when one makes a
wrong or uncomfortable decision
to fit in to please the group of
people.
Common Types of Bias
HALO EFFECT
-A type of cgnitive bias whereby our
perception of someone is positively
influenced by our opinions of that
person’s other related traits.
What is
PREJUDICE
?
Prejudice.......
Refers to pre-judging before looking
at the evidence.
an unfavorable opinion or feeling
beforehand without
knowledge,thought,or reason.
COMMON TYPES OF PREJUDICES
 RACISM
 SEXISM
 CLASSISM
 AGEISM
 RELIGION
IIIII
RACISM
 the idea that groups of people
exhibit different
personality,characteristics, and
can be separated based on the
dominance of one race over
another.
IIIII
CLASSISM
 This is a prejudice based on social
class or grouping of individuals
based on
wealth,occupation,income,educat
ion, and social network.
IIIII
AGEISM
 This is a prejudicial attitude
towards older people,old age, and
the aging process.
IIIII
RELIGION
 This is the attitude towards a
person or group differently
because of the particular beliefs
about religion.
Online search modifiers
When conducting online research, combine use these modifiers with your
search terms to get better and more specific results.
AND
It narrows down
results by looking
for both or all your
search terms in each
source.
OR or
minus (-)
Quotation
marks (“ ”)
They tell the search
engine to alternate
or exclude search
terms.
Enclosing search
terms in quotation
marks tells the
search engine to
look for the exact
phrase.
Search Samples
Try the following combinations of search terms and modifiers in a search engine
“Renewable energy” AND solar
“Renewable energy” AND solar
OR wind
searches sites where the
exact phrase “renewable
energy" appears together
with “solar”
results are about renewable
energy, specifically solar
ones
searches sites where the
exact phrase “renewable
energy" appears together
with “solar” or “wind”
results are about renewable
energy, specifically solar and
wind ones
THE CREDIBILITY TEST
Source Type
Authorship
URL
Up-to-date
Examine the
source thoroughly.
Is it a book, a
website article, a
research paper, or a
news report?
Is the author an
expert in the field
about which they
are writing?
Is the publisher
reliable and wellknown?
Does the website
end in ".edu," or
".org,"indicating
that it belongs to
an educational
institution, or a
non-profit
organization?
Check the
publication date. Is
the information
current, or has it
recently been
revised?
Source
Scavenger
Hunt
Let’s apply our research skills
to learn more about technology
Instructions
Find three different websites that discuss the benefits of renewable energy technologies.
Locate two academic articles that explain the principles of artificial intelligence.
Identify a government report that addresses the impact of technology on the job market.
Use the next slide as a guide in sharing results for
each topic. Note how you evaluated the credibility
and relevance your sources.
TOPIC
Source or
Website Link
Source or
Website Link
Source or
Website Link
Summary of the essential
information
Summary of the essential
information
Summary of the essential
information
I know this source is credible because...
I know this source is credible because...
I know this source is credible because...
Summary
Research is more than just using your topic or question to look for references.
Here are some skills that can come in handy when starting a research.
Identifying and Using
Reliable Sources
Combining search
terms with modifiers
Skimming and
Scanning
Always conduct a quick
credibility test by reviewing
the resource type, author,
website link or Universal
Resource Locator (URL), and
if it is current.
Use key ideas as search
terms and combine them
with modifiers such as AND,
OR, and quotation marks
(“”).
Using these methods will
help you go through more
resources and quickly
identify the ones that best
fit your topic.
Assignment
Choose one of the topics below and read the prompts carefully. Gather sources and note down
information that would answer the prompts, based on the research skills you have learned.
Social Media
Cybersecurity &
Online Privacy
Explore how social media
platforms influence
communication, behavior, and
mental health in today's society.
Investigate the importance of
cybersecurity and its significance
in protecting personal and
sensitive information.
Robotics
Explore the advantages and
disadvantages of robotics in
different industries such as
healthcare, manufacturing or
transportation.
References
Add your references here.
RESOURCES PAGE
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