MODULE
3-4
GROUP 1
Page 02
Reporter
CAYAPOS
ESTORIL
ARROYO
PAMITTAN
ESPINA
EMOCLING
Group 1 Module 4-5
Cultural
View
Page 03
A cultural perspective refers to the way that people view the world
around them based on their cultural background, experiences, and
beliefs. It shapes the way individuals understand, interpret, and interact
with the world, and influences their values, attitudes, and behavior.
Group 1 Module 4-5
Page 04
Ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism is the tendency to look at the world primarily from the
perspective of one’s own culture. Part of ethnocentrism is the belief that
one’s own race, ethnic or cultural group is the most important or that
some or all aspects of its culture are superior to those of other groups.
Some people will simply call it cultural ignorance.
Group 1 Module 4-5
Page 05
Xenocentrism
Xenocentrism occurs when people desire to engage in the traditions of
other cultures more than that of their own. This desire can include a
preference for foreign goods, ideas, and styles, among other aspects of
culture.
Group 1 Module 4-5
What is the difference
between Ethnocentrism and
Xenocentrism
Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture/nation is superior to all
others, while xenocentrism is the belief that other cultures are better
than one's own culture/nation.
Group 1 Module 4-5
Page 06
Page 07
Culture & Ethics
Ethics and culture are closely related. Culture determines how we
perceive and understand moral concerns, shaping our sense of morality
and ethical action. What is deemed cultural norms and values frequently
determine acceptable or inappropriate behavior and these norms and
values can differ greatly from one society to another. In this way, ethics
can shape culture and be shaped by it.
Group 1 Module 4-5
Organizational
culture and
ethics
Page 08
ethics
organization culture
Organizational culture and ethics are
two concepts that are closely
intertwined, affecting one another in
multiple ways. Organizational culture
refers to the shared values, beliefs,
behaviors, and customs that shape the
environment and influence the actions
of those within the organization.
Ethics, on the other hand, refers to the
principles and values that guide an
individual or organization’s behavior
and decision-making, determining what
is considered right or wrong.
Organizational culture sets the tone for
ethical behavior and establishes a
foundation for ethical decision-making.
Group 1 Module 4-5
Page 09
National Culture
and Ethics
National culture is the norms, behaviors, beliefs, customs, and values
shared by the population of a sovereign nation. It refers to specific
characteristics such as language, religion, ethnic and racial identity,
cultural history and traditions
Group 1 Module 4-5
Culture and
Moral choices
Page 10
Morality refers to a set of values relating to right conduct, against which
behavior is judged to be acceptable or unacceptable. It is a form of
social norms that guides human behaviors. Morality forms a fundamental
part of our culture, but there is a great range of variation in moral
standards and the things we value in each given culture. Behavior that is
completely normal to Westerners, such as choosing a job or partner at
one’s individual will, could be considered immoral in other cultures.
Group 1 Module 4-5
Cultural
relativism
Page 11
Cultural relativism is the view that ethical and social standards reflect
the cultural context from which they are derived. Cultural relativists
uphold that cultures differ fundamentally from one another, and so do
the moral frameworks that structure relations within different societies.
Group 1 Module 4-5
Strengths of
Cultural
Relativism
Page 12
The strength of cultural relativism is that it promotes greater diversity
and understanding of ethical differences and reduces the likelihood of an
imperialist imposition of values. The weakness of cultural relativism is its
propensity towards quietism which may compromise action to protect
human rights.
Group 1 Module 4-5
Problems of
Cultural
relativism
Page 13
Relativists can’t hold meaningful moral discussions. What’s there to talk
about? If morals are entirely relative and all views are equal, then no way
of thinking is better than another. No moral position can be judged as
adequate or deficient, unreasonable, acceptable, or even barbaric.
Group 1 Module 4-5
THANK
YOU
Group 2 Module 4-5