LUBE OIL
Major Factors in Production of
Petroleum Based Lube Oils
Key Factors of Each Unit
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Vacuum Distillation
Propane De-Asphalting
Furfural Extraction
De-Waxing
Hydro-Treating (Oil Hydro-treating)
Properties Set by Distillation
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Viscosity
Flash Point
Volatility
Demulsibility
Color
Demulsibility
• Demulsibility measures an oil’s ability to
release water. Water shedding characteristics
are important to lube oil systems that have
potential to have direct contact with water.
• Demulsibility will be affected in the presence
of polar contaminants and impurities.
• ASTM D2711 - 17 is the Standard Test Method
for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating
Oils
Properties Set by Furfural Extraction
• Viscosity Index
• Oxidation Stability
• Thermal Stability
Properties Set by De-waxing
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Pour Point
Cloud Point
Filterability
Low Temperature Fluidity
Cold condition
Properties Set by Lube HydroFinishing
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Reduce Color.
Decrease Odor
Reduce Neutralization No.
Improve Demulsibility
Improve Oxidation Stability
Remove Residual Solvents.
• Hydrocracking
• Hydrotreating
• Hydrofinishing
Process which is used by a few manufacturers of
superior quality lubricant basestock
• In the process, a petroleum feedstock is reacted with
hydrogen (in the presence of a catalyst) at very high
temperatures (400-425°C) and pressures (3000 plus
psi). Under these severe conditions, virtually all the
aromatic
hydrocarbons
present
are cracked and saturated to yield a basestock
containing 96% to 99.5% saturated hydrocarbons.
• The process also eliminates all traces of sulphur,
nitrogen
and
oxygen
containing
impurities.
Hydrocracking produces very high quality, syntheticlike basestocks, which when blended with carefully
selected additives, give extremely stable lubricants,
which perform similarly to synthetic products.
Hydro-Finishing Unit
Hydroisomerization or Iso Dewaxing
• Hydroisomerization is the catalytic process for
dewaxing waxy lubes and conversion of waxes
to high VI base stocks by isomerization of nparaffin structures to isoparaffins with one or
more branches These branches are usually
methyl branches
Iso-dewaxing process
Typical Additives
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Anti – Oxidants
Viscosity Index Improvers
Corrosion and Rust Inhibitors
Detergents and Dispersants
Anti-wear and Extreme Pressure Agents
Pour Point Depressants
De-foamants
Demulsifiers
Friction Modifiers