ffi***
g-arg
E@'EAE *
El g
6
Y&sre
Vietnamese
for
**
Feginners
t'
;by
-
{'
Jake Catlett
and
Huong Nguyen
q
t
t
Ti6ng Viet
'#
''
'-'l
*'"
Introduction
Viefnamese for Beginners
Copyright @2006 by Paiboon Fublishing
Printed in Thailand
All rights reservd
PaiboonPoomsanPublishing PaiboonPublishing
PN'iB 256,l4ZLWalnut Street
582 Amarinniwate Village 2
Nawamin 90 (Sukha l), Bungkum Berkeley, Califomia USA 94709
10230
THAILAND
Bangkok
Tel. 1-510-848-7086
Fan 1-510-8484521
Tel 662-509-8632
Fax662-519-5437
info@paiboonpublishing.com
www.paiboonpublishing. com
Coverpicture: Thanh Yen NguYen
Cover and graphic desigu by Randy Kincaid
Editedby Le Thi My Hong Benjawan Poomsan Becker
CD Voices: Jake Catlett, Huong Nguyen, Kathy Luong, Toan Lam and
Dong Nguyen
rsBN 1-887521-54-2
Printed by Chulalongkom University Printing House
Decernber,2005 [4902-149/1,000 (2)]
Tel. 0-22 I 8-3 5 57 ,0-2218-3563
httn://wrvrt -cuorint.chu la.ac.th
i,
t;*ng,
contact with
part
of daily
the outer world is becoming mope and more a
life, the tourism industry isloffering exciting new destinations
almost on a daily basis, and sprviceits increasing as a result.
The reasons to visit Vietnam Seerh to grow by the minute,
and so, ofcourse, do the reasons to learn the language.
Because of Vietnam's recent isolation and economic
problems, few decent Vietnamese language resources have
been produced for quite some time. Those that ate available
tend to be outdated or over-formal, and not very
"conversation friendly". Vietnamese for Beginners presents
the language in a simple, user-friendly manner, using
contemporary and common words and phrases.
Vietnamese for Beginners teaches the four basic
language skills - speaking, listening (with the tapes or CD's
and/or an instructor), reading and writing. There is also a
grammar section in each lesson. The first part of each lesson
introduces vocabulary and sentence structure, followed by
exercises, tests, and sections dedicated to teaching the
Vietnamese alphabet and pronunciation. You should have a
coach, maybe a Vietnamese friend or instructor, who can
listen to and correct your pronunciation, especially when you
are first beginning to learn the language.
Vietnamese uses a Latin-based script, making it much
easier for Western learners to learn to read and write the
language. It is also phonetic, and since no transliteration
system is needed, learning the Vietnamese alphabet should be
quite easy for English speakers.
One major difference between English, and other
European languages, and Vietnamese, is that Vietnamese is a
tonal language. Mastering the use of tones is absolutely
essential in Vietnamese. In any case, saying a word with the
wrong tone will either change the meaning of the word
These days in Vietnam, busines$
\'*
completely,
or
make
divorce
yott
from your tonal
speech
"-otions
even to
p*a""* if,ut", time and practice both to speak' and
hear the tones ProPerlY'
and phrases m
The first appendix contains useful words
find what you need to say
un .^y*o-use^format, to help you
second
una .i*piy-'i" t"ut-ilfe situations' The
appendix .orrturt,' u^**"" to the -multiptt-,"nott-t
^111
chapter' The exercrses
translation tests at the end of each
intended to be practiced
sections in each ;h"pt"t are often.
the exercises will
with others, and ut'*"tt to questions in
;;t.ki
so there is no answer key
often vary from person to person'
friend or instructor
for these sections. Again, a Vietnamese
should help you practice these sections'
level students' and
This book is intended for beginning
their basic
people who u."---itt*t*"4 il improving
us know
feel free to let
Vietnamese langoage skills' Please
we can make this
of any suggestion; y;;"y have for how
future'
ioot,motlirseful oi easier to use in the
language are many
The reasons to learn the Vietnamese
in the world that are
and varied. There are few places
Vietnam' and yet still
growing urra o",r"iopittg ut quickly as
and challenging' Vietnam is
remain relativety
"it*ifotta
Learning
.
.intimate
now a land of opportunity and potential'
and
yott u more
Vietnamese can o"iy ittfp to give
of
in^ this-fascinating land' so full
enjoyable
"*p.,l""Jt
history and intrigue'
i
Table of contents
tones becomes
biggest
speakers are many' but one of the
significance of a word'
English speakers o,. iont to stress the
the case for
or to show stronger emotion' This is not you need to
system'
Vietnames.. fn ori.t to master the tonal
to
5::
it meaningless' Simply stated'
Vl"inurn..e spoken without proper use of
for English
;Gi;i. ;ibberish. the challenges this po!?s
difficulties is that
learn
{-o&
Guide to
PronunciatiPn
t
,
*'.
I
7
I
Lesson
I
.,
'
j
t?
11
Greetings, yes/no questio4s,' Bersohal pronouns,
ctii gi (what), common nouns, numbers
Lesson 2
37
More common nouns, prepositions, countries,
nationalities, here/there, how muchlhow many,
more pronouns.
Lesson 3
65
Places, action verbs, transport, continuous tense,
basic food and drink.
Lesson 4
89
Time, when?, yesterday/today/tomorrow, daily
habits, future tense.
Lesson 5
rl7
Days of the week, months, past tense, imperatives
Lesson 6
139
Clothing, posessives, why, in order to, because,
common adj ectives, colors, intensifiers
Lesson 7
More food and drink, eating, flavors, yetlnot yet
161
1J
*
'. 5 * ial
Guide to Pronunciation
185
Lesson 8
Appearances, the human body, household chores'
health and hygiene
Vowels
I
,lj
I
'I
l
203
Lesson 9
Age, p ersonality tr artsI chat acteri stic s, addre sses,
towns and cities, distances, family terms,
occupations, how, who
231
Lesson 10
Plurals, comparatives and superlatives, feelings,
animals, weather
Appendix I
263
Useful words and phrases
Appendix
II
Answers to multiple choice and translation tests
283
a
e
6
i
o
6
o
u
u
y
6
d
like g in futher
like e in ten
like 4 in g4me
like ee in need
like aw in flaw
like o in nq
like o in wqrry
like u in flu
similar to ur in fi4
like "i"
like "a",but shorter
like "0", but shorter
*\nll bdn - to sell
-rl
serh'-/olzs
.',n.
'' 't6n-name
di- go
to - big
c6 - aunt
phb - noodle soup
thtl- autumn
ti -from
M! - America
rin- snake
ldn_ time, occurence
Consonants
b like b in beef
c like c in cow, but
./ unaspirated
,/a like y in you (south)
llke
like
like
like
bd - cow
cay - spicy
dit - dirty
zin zoo (north)
d in do
d
g in go
g
h
h in hot
k same as "c"
1 like ! in little
m like m in mother
n like n in nothing
r like 1in lake (south)
llke Zinzoo (north)
dring
-
correct
gan- near
hoa-flower
,.^
Kten- ant
ly - glass
to wanl
non- hat
rhn - snake
muon
-
\'.+ o-F.F.
8,/
'r/
t
/"
,/
like sh in shoe
sdch- book
like ! in !ime, but
unaspirated
Iik" v in violet
like s in south
tim - purple
B6ng chfi c6i Ti6ng ViQt
The Vietnamese Alplabpd
r
ving-yellow
xe
-
velticle
''l
.1
'I
",
'ti'r*
Li r:
Aa
AA
A'd-'
Bb cc
Dd
Dd
Ee
pc
Gg
Hh
Ii
KK
Ll
Mm
Nn
Oo
0o
Ocv Pp
Qq
Rr
Ss
Tt IJu
.4
Consonant Clusters
ch like ch in cheese when
\
in bn initial position
like ! in fa! when in a final
position (south)
like ck in taqk when in a final
position (north)
sh like s in so
in lou (south)
Iike 7in zoo (north)
kh like k in king
ng like Ag in king, but can
also appear in an initial
position
ngh same as"ng", but only
found in an initial position
nh like ni in onion in an
initial position
like n in cag in a final
position (south)
like ng in sing in a final
position (north)
ph like f in fire
th like ! in lake
tr similar to tr in train
ffiiu"!
I
ch6o
rice porridge
-
c6ch- to be separated
gh6t - to hate
gi - what
kh6ng
-
no
trhng-white
ngtr - sleep
nghe
nha
to hear
-
-
house
b6nh mi
-
bread
IJu
phong
- room
thdng- monlh
tnmg
-
egg
Vv
Xx
Yy
l0
Initial Consonant Clusters
ch- ghngh-
gi-
kh- ng-
nh- ph- th-
tr-
Final Consonants
-c
-m -n -p
a
Final Consonant Clusters
-ch
-ng
-nh
-t
1."t
a
13
_lt,pr
Bdi
Lesson 7
1
"
i
Tir vqng
,.
.'t
.
'a
'1.,f:
'i
t6i
ban, ngudi ban
' n{*
,,
| 'lj'Vdcabulary
..
I, rne
r'!
ya't, friend
tOn
name
le, thi
to be
xin chdo bpn
hello, goodbye
tpm bipt
goodbye
ban khoe kh6ng?
how are you?
khoe
to be fine, to be well
r6t vui dugc g[p bpn
nice to meet you
t6i cf,ng vfy
same here, me too
xin
excusg me,
16i
I'm sorrlr
kh6ng sao ddu
never mind, "no problem"
c6m crn
thank you
Khdng c6 chi
you're welcome
cdn...thi sao?
"how about...?"
cdn b4n thi sao?, cdn bpn?
how about you?, and you?
@ut5fi s6ch
book
(rr) b6o
newspaper
(cdy) bitt myc, (cdy) vi6t
pen
(cdy)bit
pencil
chl, (cdy) vii5t chi
1.+ n-nft-5:r
t4
(cdy)biftbi, (cdy) vi€t bic
ballpoint pen
(quy€n) vb
notebook
(cdi)bindi)
map
(cr;l) d6ng ho
watch, clock
(cdi)bao, (cdi) ttti
bag
chiniry, ndy, ddy
this
c6i d6, d6
that
c6i kia, kia
that (further away)
c6i gi, gi
what
dp, vAng
yes
ri, d
yes, yeah
khdng
no, not
....khdng?
a question particle
....phii khdng?
isn't it?
kh6ng phii
no, it's not
tl6y c6 phni h....kh6ng?
isthis....?
ddy kh6ng phdi Id....
this is not
hi6u kh6ng?
understand?
hi6u
(I) understand
k*rdng hiOu
(I) don't understand
15
Ngir
phfp
-
Grammar
ttl
Vietframese grarnmar is fiot te#bly'complicated. There
is no conjugation of verbs,uthere'Ns nb gender, and there is no
pluralization. While some rf,the congepts can be tricky at
first, most of the grammar groveqed*jh this book will be
simple to understand.
The grammar follows a subject
structure.
r
fatly
verb + object sentence
e.g. ddy ld c6i d6ng nO : ttris is a watch
(Lit: this is watch)
The article "the" doesnot exist in Vietnamese, however
the word "mAf' (one) is often used like "a/an". However, it
is not necessary, and is most often used in formal situations.
e.g. t6ild(mQt) giSovi6n
..
..
e.g. t6i t6n Ph6t
:
:
Iam ateacher
My name is Phdt
kh6ng
The word "kh6ng" has a few uses. Aside from being the
word for "no" and "zero", it is also used as a question particle
in yes/no questions, and to make negative phrases.
t6
*kh6ngi'is placed at the
When used as a question particle,
end of the sentence to make yes/no questions. It is used with
nouns using the following structures:
subject + cd phdi ld + oiect+ khdng
e.g.
d6ry c6
phdi ld
" ,, _*
l1
?*::
diy and cdi ndy
The words "dd)"' and"cdi ndy" potb'#;" "this",
however "cdi ndv" is onlv used with obiects.
e.g. cdi ndy ld c6i gi? +.w-hat i#this?
chi d6ng hO
cdi ndy ld cu6n s6ch 3l ttfis is a book
kh6ng?: is this a watch?
And also at the end of tag questions.
However, "ddy" can be used for objects, as well as for
people and places.
...,phdi khdng?
e.g. ddy ld c6i gi? : what is this?
e.g. t16y ld c6i tl6ng h6, phdi kh6ng? :
:
this is a book
ddyld(mO| tnrlng hqc : this is a school
dayliLc6 Hucrng : this is Ms. Huong
ddy ld cudn s6ch
this is a watch, isn't it?
When is used with verbs and adjectives it follows the
form:
gi
subject+ (cd) + verbladjective + khdng
J!.g.
A
ban (c6) l<h6e kh6ng
ban (c6) hi6u kh6ng?
:
:
are you well?
(literal)
ban kh6e kh6ng
b4n hi6u kh6ng?
"&ftdrg'is
:
:
you well? (literal)
do you understand?
create nesative sentences.
1
kh6ng
t6t
The words "gi" and"cdi gi" both mean "what", however
"qrii gi" is only used with objects.
ld cdi gi? : what is this?
c6i tl6 ld c6i gi? : what is that?
e.g. chiniry
"gi"
is used in all other situations
are
also used in front of adiectives and verbs to
e.g. chinity
gi
do you understand?
However, with boths verbs and adjectives, the word "cd"
is often omitted.
e.g.
and cdi
:
this is not good
gi? : what is your name?
mu6n gi2 : what do you want?
e.g. ban t6n
b4n
l8
,
-.4
19
lF::
Pronouns
HQi Thopi
1-
Convelsation
,' I
i
Along with classifiers, pronouns prove to be one of the
most challenging features of Asian languages for Western
learners to master. The sheer number of them is confusing
enough. Add to that the factthat which pronoun you use for
yourself, and for the person you're speaking to, is determined
not only by sex and relative age, but also on your level of
intimacy with the person you're speaking to. In this book
we'll introduce pronouns a few at a time in order to make it
Phong: Xin
spoken Vietnamese as a pronoun, however
.
, u'
,|4
'u
h
Hello.
Phong: B4n t6n ld gi?
Phucrng: T6i t6n ld Phucrng. Con b4n ? Bpn t6n gi?
My name is Phuong. And you? What is your
it is often
name?
will
be read by both men and
Phong:
is used most often in the sentences section of this
Phucrng: R6t
book to mean "you".
'0I", or "me". "t6i" is most often used in formal
speaking situations, or when the speakers do not
know one another. For clarity's sake,"tdi" is used
most often in the sentences section of this book.
Once a relationship has been established, speakers will use
different pronouns. We introduce more throughout the book.
TOi t€n ld Phong. R6t vui
ilu-o.
c g[p b4n.
My name is Phong. It's very nice to meet you.
women, older and younger. For clarity's sake "bqn"
t6i
tr,
''n
Phuong: Xin chdo bAn.
written Vietnames€, e.g. advertisements,
newspapers, etc. that
r,,
I
What is your name?
"friend", or "you". bqn" ts not commonly used in
seen in
ban.
Hello.
easier to use them.
bgn
chiro
I
I
vui dugc gPp b4n.
It's very nice to meet you.
Note:
In the question "B4n Idn ld gi?" and the sentence "TOi t6n /ri...'
the verb /ri (to be) is often omitted.
,
n
20
21
-/i,&"
Cflu
HQi Tho4i
2 -
Conversation
Vin -
A:. C6i ndy ld c6i gi?
2
What is this?
Dung: Xin chdo ban.
i
I
r{
}r
mglc.
tq',
r.
This is a pen.
DAy c6 ph6i ld td b6o kh6ng?
14
Is this a newspaper?
B:
sao?
you?
Tom:
| ' lj
A:
Kh6ng. D6 kh6ng ph6i ld td b5o.
No. That isn't
Thank you. I'm fine. How about you? How are
-!
,.
Ddy ld c6y brit
Hello. How are you?
Dung: Da, chm crn. T6i kh6e. Cdn ban thi
,
B:
Hello.
Tom: Xin chdo bpn. Bpn c6 khoe kh6ng?
Sentences
3.
A:
a newspaper.
Chitl6ld c6i d6ng h6, Phii khdng?
That is a watch, isn't it?
Dp, cim crn. T6i cfing kh6e.
B: V0ng. D6 ld c6i d6ng h6.
Thank you. I'm also fine.
Yes. That is a watch.
Note:
In the question "B4n cd kh6e kh6ng?", the word cd
4.
A: Cfi ndy ld cu6n s6ch hay ld cdy birt chi?
Is this a book or is it a Pencil?
often omitted.
B:
D6 ld cdy birt chi.
That's a pencil.
A:
B4n hi6u kh6ng?
Do you understand?
B:
T6i
hit-lu.
I understand.
C: Tdi kh6ng hi€u.
I don't understand.
22
6:
t'
c
A: Xin
16i.
A:
RAt
Excuse me.
B:
Kh6ng sao dAu.
Never mind.
A:
Cim 0n.
Thank you.
B:
Kh6ng c6 chi.
You're welcome.
8:
A: Ban t6n
(1d) gi?
What is your name?
B:
T6i t6n (ld)...
My name is...
9:
A: Ban (c6) khoe kh6ng?
How are you? (Are you well?)
B:
TOi kh6e.
I'm fine. (I'm well)
C: T6ikh6ngkhoe.
I'm not well.
10:
A: Con ban thi
sao?
How about you?
B:
T6i cflng khoe.
I'm also fine.
23
***,
'
B:
vui
du-o. c
gap ban.
It's very nice to meet
i
T6i cffng vfly.
Same
here.
*:
You.
I
," t
:,!
rl
'r,
'+'.
e'l
,
.
24
SO Aem
Numbers
^-,, **:y
25
n0
90i
0
4
kh6ng,16
m0t
hai
ba
b6n
5
n[m
6
s6u
7
bhv
8
titm
I
2
J
9
10
11
I2
l3
I4
15
20
2t
22
23
25
30
31
35
40
50
60
70
chin
mudi
muoi mQt
muoi hai
mudi ba
mudi b6n
mudi 15m
hai muoi, hai chgc
hai muoi m6t
hai muoi hai
hai muoi ba
hai muoi l6m
ba muoi, ba chuc
ba muoi m6t
ba muoi l5m
b6n muoi, b6n chuc
ndm muoi, ndm chuc
s6u muoi, s6u chuc
biy muoi, bdy chllc
,
'
100
101
102
'1.
ll0
{:
i'.
-i
ir
.
'
e
150
200
300
I 000
I
001
2000
3000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
10,000,000
100,000,000
Note: the word
o'le"
t6m muoi. t6m chuc
i. j. chin chuc
chin'huoi,
r
., m6t trdm
m6t tr[m 16 m6t
r'tm6t trdm 16 hai
* m6t trbm mudi
mQt trdm n[m muoi
hai trdm
ba trdm
mQt nghin, mQt ngdn
mQt nghin 16 mQt
hai nghin
ba nghin
mudi nghin
mQt tr6m nghin
mQt triQu
mudi triQu
m6t tram trieu
j
is only used in spoken Vietnamese, and
indicates a zero, or series of zeros in numbers like room
numbers or years. For
"b6n
16
example,"40l" would be spoken
mQt"and 2005 would be spoken "hai nghin
16
ndm"
The word "chuc" is only used in southern Vietnam, and it
means
"ten". However, it is only
used with multiples of ten.
lt is never used with numbers like 2I ot 45' for example,
never used with nurnbers over 100.
and
.27
", .
26
Exercises
3,
-.4 *t:
Respond to the following questions and statements in Vietnamese.
Practice speaking and writing.
1. Practice saying the following numbers in Vietnamese.
L
r
B4n t€n gi?
3.8
2.4
4. t7
s.
6.39
10
20
,-
i
J
,1
l
.[
1.
,lj
r!
r{
Bpn khoe kh6ng?
8.0
7.2
9. 100
10. 55
2. Write out the following
numbers using the Vietnamese script.
Xin
16i.
R6t vui ttugc gflp bpn.
Example:
150
m6t trdm ndm muoi
Write the question that should precede these answers.
35
78
8
Kh6ng hiOu
43
207
Kh6ng c6 chi.
92
101
1000
Kh6ng. D6 kh6ng ph6i ld cdy vi6t.
.
Test
1
29
-d.h:
'l'runslation Test: Write and say the following sentences in Vietnamese.
Repeat them several times to practice
pronunciltiorl"
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary
watch
book
pen
this
I, me
also
map
name
what
bag
I
you, friend
that
thank you
pencil
notebook
a. chiniry
b. quy,5n vo
c. t6n
d. cfrng
e. bpn
f. citid6ng h6
g. kh6ng
h. c6y vi6t
i. td b6o
j. cdmon
k. c6i d6
l. c6y brit chi
m. cu6n sdch
n. c6i gi
o. chitbi
p. t6i
q. c6i bnn d6
r. hi6u
How are you?
Thank you.
You're welcome.
Never mind.
lt's very nice to meet you.
ls this a notebook?
That is not a pencil.
30
3l
' -.1' ;,s":
The Vietnamese Writing System
PhU
0m
-
Consonants
,ll
As you can see, the Vietnamese writing system is in some
ways very similar, and in some ways very different from
English. While it does use Latin characters, like English, it
also uses markers for accents on vowels and for tone.
In any case, the ease of learning to read and write
Vietnamese is a great benefit for English speaking learners.
The Vietnamese alphabet is phonetic. The way it is written is
the way it is pronounced. Variation in pronunciation,
however, means that certain characters are pronounced
differently in the north, south, and center of Vietnam.
Punctuation of Vietnamese is the sarne as with English.
This also makes things a bit easier.
In these sections of the book we will use exercises that
will not only teach you the characters of the Vietnamese
alphabet, and how to use them, but will also reinforce your
speaking and listening skills. Learning to read and identif,
individual words will come with the other excercises in the
book. This section is intended skictly to teach you how to
recognize and properly pronounce consonants, consonant
clusters, vowels, and tones.
In each chapter we will introduce more consonants,
and more vowels. The 6 tone markers will be introduced in
the first chapter, however we will only practice speaking 3 of
them. The other 3 will practiced in chapter 2, and, after that
all exercises will contain a combination of all the tones.
In order to make learning the alphabet a little easier, we
will start by introducing simple vowels, and consonants that
are the same or similar to their counterparts in English.
Complex vowels and vowels that don't have analogues in
English, along with more difficult consonant clusters will be
introduced as we go along.
In this chapter we will irltroduco seven'consonants and
()nc consonant cluster, for a total'1of seven sounds.
,r il
,
i-
b
i
tt{
4.
:l
*
)
like the b in beef
d
like the d in Qo
h
like the h in hat
like the I in femon
m
like the m rn make
n
like the n in never
g and gh*
like the g in get
* g and
gh create the same sound in Vietnamese, howevergft
only precedes the vowels i, e and 0. In all other cases g will
bc used. trt should be noted, however that gi creates a
different sound altogether. We will learn about this in the
ncxt chapter
-.:
32
Nguy0n 0m
-
Vowels
Vietnamese has long and short vowels, and of course
simple and complex vowels. In this chapter we will learn
seven long, simple vowels.
a
like the a infsther (north)
like the a in attitude (south)
e
like the e in 9gg
c
like the a in ate
i*
like the ee in pgek
o
like the aw inflaw
6
like the o in no
u
*
I often appears as
E.E."ftrf'r "ly", etc.
Thanh tli6u
',1.- Tones
There are either 5 or 6 tqnes in /ietnarhese, depending on
wlrcther it is the southern or norttrern dialect which is being
spoken. In chapter one, wP Will focus on three of them. The
lettcr "A" willbe used to slitir,y,whery0 the placement of the
tunc marker is. Notice therd is'rlo fone marker for the first
Iot'tc,"ngang". Next will follow the name of the tone, which
nlso shows an example of the tone marker being used, and
thcn a written description of it's tonal qualities. The best
tttr:thod for learning the tones, though, is to listen to the
excrcises for this unit on the CD companions, or to have a
Victnamese teacher coach you on them. Try to mimic the
round and pitch of the examples you hear as exactly as
possible.
a
ngsng
The tone "ngangi'begins at
mid-pitch tone, and remains
flat while the tone is held.
a
sac
The tone "tdq" begins at a
higher pitch and rises
sharply.
a
huyAn
The tone "huy€n" begins at
a low pitch and falls
like the oo in loose
"y" when it comes in the final position,
slightly.
34
35
Pronunciation Exercise
2s. t6 15 ro
31..
Listen to your Vietnamese instructor and repeat.
1. ba b6 bn
hi hir
5. ma mi mi
3. ha
7. ga
gf
bf bi
35. hu hf hit
..,
I
33. bu
2. da.Id dn
4. la 16 ldr
6. na nrf nd
9. tle d6 di
10. he h6
11. le 16 li
12.
ni
37. mu mri mi
rl'\;ll
.
'
3t: go 96 96
34. du .If dr)
^
.,{ 36. lu lf
I
lir
38. nu nri nir
39. gu gri git
me m6 mi
14. ghe gh6 ghi
16. dC oti oa
fi.
13. rO 16 16
he no no
mdi
Listening Exercise
hi
ls. b6 nc uc
19. mG mG
nd nii nd
8. be b6 bi
gir
13. ne n6
30. m6 md mii
20. nG nti
nG
Write the syllables as you hear them in the blank spaces.
e.g.
1.
me
1.
2.
21. gh| gh6 gho
22. bi bf bi
3.
4.
di di di
25. ty ly ty
27. ni ni ni
24. hy hy hy
5.
6.
mi
7.
8.
28. ghi ghf ghi
9.
10.
29. bo b6 bd
30.
11.
t2.
31. ho h6 hd
32. lo t6 ld
13.
14.
33. mo m6 md
34. no n6 nd
15.
16.
35. go g6 gd
36. b6 nii na
17.
18.
37. d6 aii ao
28. h6 n6 no
t9.
20.
23.
26. my my
do d6 dd
36
3t
#.
t4
s4
Lesson 2
More common nouns, prepositions, countries,
nationalities, here/there, how much/how many, more
pronouns.
"
*i;Fr
39
Bii 2
Lesson 2
Tir vgng
''
l
't
,
I
t]
Vocabulary
.,
,d ir
(r'eii) tliQn tho4i
(r'cii)
tivi
1.
tel.ophone
lr,
,t
tSlevision
(rrii) mat kinh
eyeglasses
tiAn
money
(ttlm)h\nh
picture, photograph
m6y chup hinh
camera
(ru6n) tu tli6n
dictionary
k'di) chai
bottle
(til
(sheet
gi6y
(cai)bin
table
(c'cii) giuong
bed
k'ui) ehc
chair
phong
room
phong
ngt
ofl paper
bedroom
phong tfm, phdng vQ sinh
bathroom
(nq6i) nhiL
house
(t
to be somewhere
i.
,"-
song (0)
A
to live (somewhere)
tnuon
to want
trong
in
,
40
,,i
tr6n
on
ntrr'lc Anh
du6i
under
tttrdrc Uc
gifia
between
vd
4t
"qrl
England
-fAustiaHd'
l
..
a
I language
ngon ngu, tleng
':
r:
Viotnamese language
and
ti6rrg ViQt
vdi
with
ti6ng Anh
ngudi
person
d dfly
here
nguoi bdn
seller
tl d(r
there
ngudi Vi6t Nam, nguoi ViQt
Vietnamese
tl kia
there (further away)
nguoi Trung Qu6c
Chinese
tl diu
where
ngudi Th6i Lan
Thai
b0n tr6i
left
ngudi Ldo
Laotian
b€n phf,i
right
ngudi Nhdt
Japanese
crii niro; niro
which one, which
ngucri Hdn Qudc
Korean
bno nhi6u
how much, how rnany
American
rnay
how many
nguoi Anh
Englishman
nti
it
nguol uc
Australian
tldng
dong, Vietnamess curency
d6t nu6c
country
rl0 la
dollar
nudc ViQt Nam
Vietnam
re
cheap, inexpensive
nu6c Trung Qudc
China
!
-!.
nlac, dat
exper,nive
nu6c Ttr6i Lan
Thailand
tlcT
easy
nudc Ld.o
Laos
kh6
difficult
nu6c Nhflt
Japan
rrhieu;
nu6c Hdn Qudc
(So,uth) Korea
qu6
very, too (excessive)
America
ho
they, them
nguoi
nu6c
M!
M!
lim; nhi€u lim
"i
.f
.
tE
English language
very, rnany
42
Ngfr
phip - Grammar
Before going much further in Vietnamese, you'll need to
understand a little bit about classifiers. Classifiers are words
used when counting and specifying nouns. Throughout this
book you will find that in the vocabulary sections, most
nonns will have an italicized word in parentheses before
them, like this:
(cdi)bin
table
The word in parentheses,"(cdi), is a classif,rer. Any time
you count a noun, you must use the classifier before it. The
structure is as follows:
number
* classi/ier+ noun
e.g. hai cdi bdn
:
two tables
mdt cu6n s6ch - one book
English also uses classifiers in many cases to count mass
nouns, as in this phrase:
.' t.,
c.g. cdibinnay
43
:
this table
hai cu6n shch d6: those two bookd
:J
(llassifiers are not necessary firhen the noun is a nonrpecific object. However,lftfiy time we use "ndy", "d6" (this,
llut)etc., we must also use t1iepla$sfTier.
; "' +
c.g. t6i dqc b6o
:
I read a newspaper
t6i doc tdbSo ndy : I read this newspaper
t6i ngri tr6n giudng : I sleep on a bed
t6i ngir tr€n cdi giudng dd : I sleep on that bed
Another thing that should be noted about Vietnamese
Etructure, is that when a "yes/no" question is asked in
Victnamese, usually the response is made by using the active
l,ttD or adjective. It's actually not very comon, or even
Grrrrcct, to answer questions simply by saying "vdng" or "d4oo
(yes) or "kh6ng" (no).
John: Ban mu6n c6i ndy kh6ng?
Do you want this?
Todn: Mu6nl
three tubes of toothpaste
The word "tube" is functioning as a classifier in this
situation.
Classifiers are also necessary when specifring nouns.
The structure is as follows:
classijier
* noun + ndy/et6/kia
Yes,I do. (Literally: "Want!")
Roger: B1n thich s6trg cr ViQt Nam kh6ng?
Do you like living in Vietnam?
Phi6n: Thichl
Yes,I do. (Literally: "Like!")
45
44
buo nhiAa
6
"0"
'oto be
rl
has a few meanings. the first is
"at", ar "to be at" ot
in".
e.g.
HA NQi
dViil Nam :
c6 mQt to b6o
Ha NQi is in ViQt Nam
6tr€nbdn:
"bao nhiAu" is also a questiorl particle meaning "how
tunlry". It is usually used when 4sking about latger, or more
rtrrprcdictable amounts. It dl$b precedes it's object.
' t.
c.g.
ViQt Nam co bao nlli0u
also means to
bqnd ddu? :
:
I live in ViQt Nam
where do you live?
In order to indicate where you, or another person is at the
current nroment, we must use"dang &".
e.g. t6i dang ri nhd
bqn dang
:
cu6n tri di6n ndy c6 bao nhiAu tu?
how many words does this dictionary have?
live somewhere.
e.g. t6i d ViCt Nam
:
d ddu?
"bao nhiAu" is also used like "how much", when asking
Hbuut mass nouns.
c.g. c6i niy bao nhi€u tidn?
:
how much is this?
c6 bao nhiAu nu6c 6 trong chai? :
how much water is in the bottle?
I am at home
:
:
how many people does Vi6t Nam have?
there is a newspaper on the table
"d'
n"'
'nguoi?
where are you?
*iiy
'o*dy" is a question particle meaning "how rnany". It is
usually used when asking about smaller, or more predictable
arnounts. It precedes it's object.
e.g. c6 mtiy ngucri s6ng o
dd1r?
:
how many people live here?
c6 rntiy c6,y vi6t 6 trdn bdn?
:
how many pens are on the table?
Pronouns
In this chapter we will begin learning how the speaker's
scx and relative age to one another affect the use of
pronouns. Vietnamese pronouns are actually titles, and as
you will see, most of them are family terms. The following
nrc some of the most commonly used pronouns in casual
spcech.
*'t .r*",
46
anh
"older brother". Used to address males who are the
same age or a little bit older than the speaker. Used
like "I" or "me" by male speakers of equal or slightly
older age than the speakers.
chi
"older sister". Used to address females who are the
same age or a little bit older than the speaker. Used
like "I" or "me" by female speakers of equal or
slightly older age than the listener.
,
However, people would not usually say "em TuAn", for
Ctnmple, because the speaker is older., Wf,pn the speaker is
not familiar with the person they qpe talking with, they will
Uaually refer to themselves as "t6i".
'i .:n
"'i, :
.4
,,oI , n'
€te
.,
"dy- is used to create third person pronouns
0.9.
anh dy
younger than the speaker. Used like
speakers younger than the listener.
"I"
or "me" by
It should be noted
that for men that addressing young women you do not
know well as "em" can be considered rude, or fresh.
co
"aunt". Used to address females who are significantly
older than the speaker. Used like
"I"
or "me" by
speakers significantly older than the listener.
However, "c6" is often used in polite speech to
address women the speaker is not familiar with.
hg
"they" or "them"
In Vietnamese, people usually only refer to each other
without a pronoun or title when they are already acquainted
with each other, or when speaking with somebody younger
than themselves. People generally use the pronoun by itself,
or together with the given name, "c6 Phucrng", "anh Jack",
:
^,4
:
coay,
..
"younger sibling". Used to address speakers who are
41
cnL
i
ay
,!
emay
:
:
"hett or tthim"
ttshe"
or "hgr"
"she" or tther"
"he/she" or "him,/her"
48
49
HQi Tho4i
1-
Conversation
HQi Tho4i
1
2-
Conversation
I
Dric:
TOi ld ngudi ViQt
Nam. B4n ld ngudi nu6c ndo?
I'm Vietnamese. Which nationality
Sarah:
TOi la nguoi
are you?
M!.
I'm American.
Dric:
Jchn: C6i ndy bao nhi6u ti0n?
Ohe?.
t4
14
.
Ngtrtli bhn: Da,b6n mucvi nghin'ddng.
Forty thousand dong.
C5i ndy mfc qu5 chi!
That's too expensive!
Sarah: T6i s6ng o Chicago. Cdn ban thi sao?
Cdn c6i d6 thi sao? N6 bao nhi6u?
I live in Chicago. How about you?
I live in Hanoi.
't
'1 ri
How much is this
B4n sOng 6 dOu?
T6i s6ng 0 He NOi.
l'?
rf
Where do you live?
Dric:
2
How about that one? How much is it?
Hgudi b6n: Hai muoi l6m nghin il6ng.
Twenty-five thousand Dong
Jslrn: N6 rd lim. Tdi mu6n c6i tt6.
That's very cheap. I want that one.
Ngurli b6n: Dp, cim
crn nhiAu.
Thank you very much.
John: Khdng c6 chi.
You're welcome.
Nolc:
In the question "bao nhi€u ti6n?", the noun ridn (money) is
often omitted.
50
51
Cfiu
Vin -
Sentences
A: Bpn dang 6 ddu?
Where are you?
1.
A:
DiQn tho4i
cr
ll:
ddu?
Where is the telephone?
B:
A: Mit kinh o ddu?
l]: Anh 6y dang o ddy.
He is here.
Where are the glasses?
B: Mit kinh 6 tr6n tivi.
t,
A: Phdng v0 sinh d ddu?
Where is the bathroom?
The glasses are on the television.
A: Chi gh6 O daut
t):
C:
C6i ghti o du6i crii bdn.
Chi gh6 O glfta
A:
ciigiulng vd c6i bdn.
fl:
Cfli gi o tr6n bdn?
C:
C6 hai td gi6y 6 ft€n bdn.
Cu6n tu di6n d tr6n bdn.
C6 5y c6 mQt tAm hinh.
C6 Ay c6 mQt m5Y chqP hinh.
She has a cameta.
There are two sheets of paper on the table.
C:
c6 chi g\?
She has a picture.
What is on the table?
B:
CO 6y
What does she have?
The chair is between the bed and the table.
A:
Phong vQ sinh o b6n Phii'
The bathroom is on the right.
The chair is under the table.
C:
Phdng v0 sinh o b6n tr6i.
The bathroom is on the left.
Where is the chair?
B:
I
Where is he?
The telephone is on the table.
i
,'l
A:
Di6n tho4i d trOn bdn.
;
f
Tdi dang o nhd. ,i io
I'm at home. ", . ur.
;,;r
l
Anh 6y dang o dduf
al,
A:
Ban lir nguoi nuoc ndo?
What nationality are You?
The dictionary is on the table.
B:
TOi ld nguoi
M!.
53
52
B. C6i d6t6md6la.
I'm American.
10.
That one (over there) is 8
A: Anh 6y ld nguoi nu6c ndo?
What nationality is he?
16,
A:
DiQn thopi
<r
trqpSn,
follars.'
'
Phdi kh6ng?
i
Is the phone on thb table?.
B: Anh 6y ld ngudi Vigt Nam.
,
I
Il:
He is Vietnamese.
11.
A:
17.
A: H9ld
B:
It.
A: B4n ld ngu<ri ViQt Nam, Phii kh6ng?.
You are Vietnamese, aren't You?.
A: Cbiniry bao nhi€u?
B: Phdi.
How much is this one?
C: Kh6ng phdi. T6i ld ngudi
This one is 50,000 dong.
No. I'm Laotian.
A. C6i d6 bao nhi6u?
le.
A: Tii5ng ViCt kh6 kh6ng?
Is Vietnamese diffi cult?
B. CAi d6 biy muoi l[m nghin tt6ng.
That one is 75,000 dong.
15.
A. Chikiabao nhi6u?
How much is that one (over there)?
TOi ld ngudi ViQt Nam.
Yes, I am Vietnamese.
B: Cdinity ndm mucyi nghin t16ng.
How much is that one?
Hg ld ngudi Hdn Qu6c.
They are Korean.
B: Cf' 6y ld nguoi Th6i.
14.
ngudi Nhflt hay lir nguoi Hdn Qu6c?
Are they Japanese or Korean?
A: C6 Anchana ld ngudi nu6c ndo?
What nationality is Ms. Anchana?
13.
N6 kh6ng o tr6n bdn.
No. It is not on the table
B: Cet dy ld ngudi Anh..
She is Thai.
Phei. N6 o tr6n bin.
C. Kh6ng.
What nationality is she?
12.
-+
*
Yes. It is on the table.
CO 6y ld ngucri nu6c ndo?
She is English.
9r
B:
Kh6.
Yes.
Ldo.
55
54
C:
No. Vietnamese
20.
Exercises
Kh6ng. Ti6ng ViQt kh6ng kh6.
is not
difficult.
:l
l,
A: Ti€ng ViCt (thD de.
Itrncticc saying the following numbefs inVietnamese'
Vietnamese is easy.
!a\
L
B: Ti6ng Vigt (thi) kh6ng d6.
Vietnamese is not easy.
C.
Ti6ng Anh (thi) kh6.
English is difficult.
D.
B:
1000
3.47,000
4.
5. 38,500
6.420,000
7. 1,000,000
8. 2,650,000
Ti0ng Anh (thD khdng kh6.
l,
C6i ndy (thi) mic qu6.
Example:
This one is too expensive.
t50
C6i ndy (thi) kh6ng mic.
2500
Note: the verb thi (to be) is usually omitted in these cases.
541
8900
85,000
400,000
9540
7,000,000
t:
t*
,G
17
:
100,000
Writc out the following numbers using the Vietnamese script'
This one is not expensive.
I,
, )!,zirboo
:
English is not difficult.
21. A:
r i,l
3,640,000
55,000
m6t trdm ndm muoi
56
3.
57
Test 2
Respond to the following questions and statements in Vietnamese.
,
Practice speaking and writing.
B4n ld nguoi nu6c ndo?
2.
B4n s6ng 0 ddu?
4.
4.
:{
Mgtclr the English vocabulary with the,Viefiramese vocabulary
l.
3.
o'
Titing Viet c6 kh6 kh6ng?
Bpn ld nguoi Nhat, ph6i kh6ng?
Write the question that should precede these answers.
l.
C6i ndy m$t triQu d6ng.
2.
Anh 6y s6ng o Hdn Qu6c.
J.
Cutin tu tli6n 0 tren ban.
,i
t,t
l. language . " a. tir€m
2. dictionary " b. de
3. under
c. nu6c My
4.
5.
6.
_
: ,7.
: _ 8.
_ - 9.
:
_
expenslve
easy
Korean person
bedroom
telephone
between
left
_ - 11. money
: _ 12. America
_ _13. in
: _ 14. chair
__15.on
d. dudi
e. cii gh€
f. trong
g. cu6n fi di6n
h. tr6n
i. ciligiucrng
j. nguoi Hdn Qu6c
k. ng6n ngfr
l. mic
m. gita
n. kh6
o. b€n tr6i
p. tliQn thoai
q. c6i bdn
r. phong ngtr
58
Phu' ffm
Translation Test: Write and say the following sentences in Vietnamese.
Repeat them several times to practice pronunciation.
,
Ie4
t!.
,i "t
i']
P
like the z in Zoo (north)
like the r inyight (south)
I am American.
like the s in sell
X
Th"d@
c and
k*
How much is this one?
an unvoiced, unaspirated
sound somewhere between
akandagsound.
I
f
Consonants
ln this chapter we will irltroducd five consonants and four
€Bnaonant clusters, for a to11| ofbevdn sounds.
What nationality are you?
iir
-
That one is quite expensive.
d and gi*
like the z in zoo (north)
likethe yinyes (south)
th
like the t rn leach
ch
like the ch in choose
kh
like the k in kitchen
I have a telephone.
The dictionary is under the bed.
The book is between the paper and the camera.
Where is the television?
*
r'irnd k create the same sound in Vietnamese, however k
rltly precedes the vowels i, e, € andy. In all other cases c
will
be used.
+ 'l'he consonant g only takes this sound when preceding the
vowcl I .
61
60
Nguy0n Am
-
Thanh ttiQu
Vowels
-
Tones
i
\-
:{
Vietnamese has long and short vowels, and of course
simple and complex vowels. In this chapter we will learn
seven long, simple vowels.
ln this chapter we will learn thp other three tones.
nt.
ngng
0
like the o in other
lr*
similar to the ur
a**
same as the vowel a
s4
r'
The tone "nd.ng" begins at
avery low tone, and then
drops sharply at the end.
u,
infur
h6i
The tone "hdi" begins at a
mid pitch, drops to a lower
pitch, and the rises to a
higher pitch, similiar to
yes/no questions in English.
ngd*
The tone "ngd" begins at
about the same pitch as h6i,
and then also drops, but has
a glottal stop, or "break" in
the sound, and then rises to
a much higher pitch.
in
Vietnamese, but shorter
a**
same as the vowel a in
Vietnamese, but shorter
*
ic**
like the ea tn dean
LA
like the ia rn tlgra
the only consonants w canbe followedby ate c, t and -ng.
**
d, A, and i€ are never used without a final consonant.
Vietnam, ngd is prounced the same as h6i. The
qorrlltcrn Vietnamese dialect, therefore, only has 5 tones.
I lris <loes not, however, change spelling. Words that ate
wlrttcn using di:u ngd rnthe north, are spelled the same wav
Irr thc south. It does, however, lead to some common
rpclling mistakes.
+ lrr southern
63
62
thq thfr thti
thia thia thia
Pronunciation Exercise
Listen to your Viehramese instructor and repeat.
140.
i
thfln thAn ttrinl:
chd . '
I
thio thf,o
!'*
th{n thin thin
42. thiQn thiOn thi6n
f44. chq chfr chir
chg chfi
ch4o chio chflo
46. chia chia chia
5. ran ran ran
4. ria ria ria
t). ran ran ran
ch{n chin chin
48. chfln chAn chin
7. riQn ri6n ri6n
8. xg xd xd
chiQn chi6n chi6n
50. khq khfr khd
9. xU xfr xfr
10. x4o
khq khfr khir
52. khpo khio khflo
khia khia khia
54. kh4n khnn khfrn
3. rgo
*,.'
l
2. rV rir rfr
1. rg rO rd
I
38. th4o
rio
rflo
11. xia xia xia
xio xflo
12.xin xin xin
13. xgn xAn x6n
14. xiQn xi6n xi6n
15. cq cO cd
16. cr; cfr clr
17. c4o cfro cflo
18. kia kia kia
19. c{n
cin cin
,,
_
khfln khAn khAn
khiQn khi6n khi6n
Listening Exercise
20. cgn cAn cfrn
21. kiQn ki6n ki6n
22. d,g dO
23. dg dfr dir
24. d4o dio dflo
25. dia dia dia
26. d$n
27. dgn dAn din
28. diQn di6n di6n
29. giq gi0 gid
30.
31. gi4o giio giflo
32. gi1 gi6 gifl
.3
.s
gran
JJ. gten gran
34. gign giAn gifin
35. giQn gi6n gi6n
36. thg th0 thd
dO
dln din
giq gifr giir
Write the syllables your instructor reads to you.
c.p. 1.
t.
thiln
,,
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I
l.
12.
65
Lesson 3
itlrrt',.:s, action verbs, transport, continuous tense,
lur.,rt' lbod and drink.
{'d "'-..r' *
67
3
,
,
.t
I
Tir vgng
'
!
i.
thitruong
ir
bay
n{
l',
!.esson 3
Vocabulary
mad<et
airplane
airport
bay
hQc
school
dai hqc
university
h8c
class
vi9n
library
hing, qu6n 6n, tiQm
in
restaurant
caf6, coffee shop
cA ph6
store, shop
hAng
gas station
x[ng
book store
a6ch
hospital
vl9n
dentist's office
kh6m rdng
post office
diQn
[59n hdng
bank
(lda) dai sr
embassy
ile ltla, tdu hoa
train
ga
5e xe ltra,
b6n *e
tiu
hoa
train station
bus station
68
69
@hieQ xe bulft
bus
(chi€c) xe d4p
bicycle
(chi€c) 6 t6, (chi€c) xe hoi
car, automobile
*e g6n m6y, xe Honda
motorcycle
,J
Dang
by
di
to go
-^
den
to come
ldm
to do
ldm vi6c
to work
di ldm
to go to work
cCIm
cooked rice
A-
nau an
dn,
[n com
to cook
to eat
uong
to drink
dugc
can, okay
,'.4
co tne
mQt
it
to be able to
a
little, a little bit
hgc
to learn, to study
tli hgc
to go to school
bict
to know, to know how
day
to teach
n6i
to speak, to talk, to say
n6i chuyQn qua diQn thopi
to talk on the telephone
dqre
to read
vi6t
to write
I
t-
t.,
eltui
to play
lelll
to#atch
llrle lr
to like
dntrg t (verb)
(verb) + "ing"
llrlilphim
movie, film
rggr chiOu
phim
cinema, movie theatre
nhrl trirt
theatre, opera house
Ittttr':
water, fluid,liquid
,A
nll(le uong
drinking water
Fttttc su6i
mineral water
€attt vfit, cam 6p
orange juice
s6 phc
coffee
rfttt
milk
trA
tea
trA dri
iced tea
r11 grhO
sfta d6
htrr
I
lfqtu
iced coffee with milk
beer
alcohol
rlrqtu vang
wine
Itrr,ltt manh
whiskey
i4..4 :
.,
.,
,1
7l
70
ph6
a type
soup, very popular
-:
in
vermicelli noodles
mi
yellow noodles
htr
tiu
Grammar,,
I
cd th? and {wgc
Vietnam
bfn
-
Ngir PhfP
of rice noodle
t. {l
,dggc,, has several *.urrihgrour{ dses, in.this chant3r.y!
verb "cd
euutt two of them. Therf*s't i5 used with the
!'tt=*
to
similar
"1716" to show ability to perform an action,
or "to be able to" in English. "c6 th6"' and"thd' ate
ly omitted The structure is as follows:
rice noodles
+
rubject + (c6 th€) verb t object thtqc
lubject + (c6 th€) verb i ilwgc + object
F,g.
tdi (c6
thq n6iti6ng ViQt Narn duqc :
I can speak Vietnamese
anh 6y
:
Ghqbi duqc xegin m6Y
he can ride a motorbike
Negative statements also take two different forms'
tr
+
rubject + khhng (cd nAnnQ+ verb + ttwgc object
rubject * verb + object + khdng ihtgc
e.g.
:
t6i kh6ng 1tne7 nOi daqc tierrgViQt Nam
I can't speak Vietnamese
anh 6y
:
l6i xe ghnm6Y kh6ng daqc
he can't ride a motorbike
to mean "to be
ln this funtion, "dtto. c" can also be translated
€kaY".
73
72
e.g. Q: t6i
dn
c\i ndy dugc kh6ng? :
is it okay if I eat this?
A: dugc : yes, that's okay
A: kh6ng dugc : no, that's not okay
"dwoc" is also used to show whether or not we have
permission, or are allowed to do something. It is often used
with the word"phep". In this case, the structure is like this:
rl
subject + (kh6ng) ituqc (phdp) + verb + object
e.g. tdi duqc
(phdp) u5ng
anhdy kh6ng duqc (phdp) 16i xe ghnmhy :
he's not allowed to ride a motorbike
I
[li
'
gl
'!J
tri
I know how to speak Vietnamese
anhhy kh6ng bietl\ixe gin miry :
he doesn't know how to ride a motorbike
*
do y'ou know how to cook?
tlang and vQY
"tfutng" is an adverb which is used before verbs to express
!€tiorrs which are currently in progress'
e,g. t6i dang hQc : I'm
tdi dang doc b6o :
t6i dang 5n com:
studYing
I'm reading a newspaper
I'm eating rice
Whcn the context is clear, "dang" is usually omitted in
Inlirrrnal speech.
ln questions the final particle "vdy" is added
subject + (kh6ng) biAt+ verb + object
^. biA
'.: noi ti6ng Vi6t Nam :
e.g. t6i
!
FRlittttous tense.
bi0t
The word "bi€t", or "to know", in Vietnamese, also
functions llke "ductc" to show ability to perform an action.
Roughly translated it means "to know how to" or "to be able
to". It follows this structure:
'
Although verbs do not change form to show tense in
future, and
Ylgtrurrncse, there are ways to indicate past,
just
to look at
going
E€ntinous tense. In this chapter we're
lti
16t
:
It is nrore common to usE :,'bi6f in this situation in
llforrrrrrl speech than to vse"dtbv. c" i'
bia:
I'm allowed to drink beer
I
b4n bi€t n6u dn kh6ng?
c.g.
bpn dang ldm gi vay?
lrr informal speech,
c.g.
:
what are you doing?
"dongi'is often omitted in questions'
bpn xem Phim gi vflY?
:
what film are You watching?
7s
74
HQi Tho4i
i
'l
I -
Conversation
I
HQiTho4i2
- Conversation2
:l
f,
Tuyi5t: Anh Mark c6 th6 n6i tlugc ti€ng
I
ViQt kh6ng?
Can you speak Vietnamese, Mark?
Mark:
T6i c6 th6 n6i dugc mOt it.
can speak a little.
I
Anh hqc titing ViQt d t16u?
Tuy6t:
Where do you study Vietnamese?
,l
tl
O Sdi Gdn. Tdi hqc titing Viet 6 mQt trucrng il4i
Mark:
lrl
tl
In Saigon. I study Vietnamese at the university.
Tuytit:
Anh n6i titing ViQt gi6i 6m!
i
I
r l''
You speak Vietnamese very well!
Mark:
C6m crn c6!
Thank you!
Tuytit:
Kh6ng c6 chi. R6t vui dugc n6i chuyQn v6i anh.
You're welcome. It was very nice talking with you.
FbAt:
Xin chdo chi Huong- cdi aahg ldm gi vflv?
Hello Hucrng. What dreyou dding?
t.
Huong: Xin chio PhSt' Chi dang dqc
Hi Ph6t. I'm reading
FhAt:
a
s6ch.
book.
Chi mu6n di xem phim v6i em kh6ng?
Do you want to go watch a movie with me?
Htfong: Kh6ng. Chi khdng mu6n di xem phim' Chi mudn
di In ccrm.
No, I don't want to go watch a movie. I want to go
eat.
Chi mu6n dn gi?
What do you want to eat?
: Chi mu6n 5n phd. Dugc kh6ng?
I want to eat pho. Is that okaY?
Duoc.
Yes, that's okay.
71
IIQi Tho4i
3 -
Conversation
Cf,u
3
Vin -
Sentences
l-
:
I'
i.,
Vfl:
Kh6nh
oi!
L
Ern dang di d6u vflY?
'
?'..'.
What are you dotngt
Khanh! Where are you going?
Khdnh: Em
cli u6ng cd ph6.
I'm studying Vietnamese.
(': TOi dang dn ccrm.
Emdi u6ng cdph6 oddu?
I'm eating.
Where are you going to drink coffee?
Kh6nh: O mQt qu6n
cd
ph6. Cdn anh thi sao? Anh dang di
l): T6i dang n6i
are you
li:
Anh dang di ldm.
Where are you going?
l):
Anh ldm viQc o mQt buu diQn.
Toi tti tt6n r4p chi6u phim.
I'm going to the cinema.
Where do you work?
Vfi:
A-
ol dang nau an.
A: Ban (dang) di ddu?
I'm going to work.
KhSnh: Anh ldm viQc cr d6u?
I
I'm cooking.
going?
Vfr:
chuyQn tr6n diQn tho4i.
I'm talking on the telePhone.
ddu?
At the coffee shop. How about you? Where
"n
Ir: T6i dang hgc titing ViQt.
I'm going to drink coffee.
Vfr:
vQy?
A: Ban dang ldm gi
I
C: Tdi di d6n b6n xe.
I'm going to the bus station.
I work at a post office.
l): T6i di u6ng bia.
I'm going to drink
li:
Toi di ldm.
I'm going to work.
beer.
79
78
F:
TOi di di5n ga Sdi Gdn.
\:
Anh 5y di Hn NQi bing c6i gi?
How is he going to
I'm going to the Saigon train station.
3.
A:
CO 6y
hm viQc d ddu?
]:
l:
\:
C6
6ty
ldm vigc d mQt ngdn hing.
l:
J:
bing xe 6 t6.
TOi di ldm
bing xe d4p.
I go to work by bicycle.
du-o. c
k*r6ng?
B: Eugc.
Yes, I can.
C: Kh6ngdugc.
No, I can't.
A:
B4n mu6n u6ng gi?
What do you want to drink?
I go to work by motorcycle.
E:
(TOi) kh6ng bii5t.
Can you read English?
I go to work by car.
D: T6i di ldm bing xe ghnmSy.
(T6i) bii5t.
A: B4n dgc titing Anh
I go to work by bus.
C: TOi di ldm
Nhft kh6ng?
No, I don't know how.
How do you go to work?
B: T6i di ldm bing xe bulft.
B4n Uitit vi6t ti6ng
Yes, I know how.
She works at a bank.
A: B4n tli lim bing c6i gi?
Anh 6y di Hd NQi bing'mhY baY.
Do you know how to write JaPanese?
She works at the English embassY.
E.
r
He's going to Hanoi bY Plane.
She works at a gas station.
D: CO 6y lim viqc o tod d4i sri Anh.
\'*
Anh 6y di Hn NQi-bing ke lua.
9.
She works at a library.
C: CO 5y ldm viQc o mQt tram xdng.
I
He's going to Hanbi.bY train.
Where does she work?
B: C6 6y hm vi0c d mQt thu viQn.
Hanoi?,
B:
TOi mu5n u6ng nu6c.
I want to drink water.
8l
80
Exercises
C: T6i mu6n u6ng trd d5.
D: TOi mu6n u6ng rucru manh'
I want to drink whiskeY.
9.
r \'-
:l
I want to drink iced tea.
L
Wrirc and say the following s*enlencJs in English' Repeat the
practicp4pronunciation'
Vi€lnttttrcsc phrases several timeS.to u{'t
't'
.t
A: B4n thich u6ng cam vit kh6ng?
Do you like to drink orange juice?
T6i dang n6i chuYQn qua diQn thoai.
B: Thich.
Tram xdng o ddu vflY?
I like it.
C:
Thich ldm.
I like it very much.
D:
Khdng (thich).
Tdi ldm viQc o sdn baY.
I don't like it.
A'rfiy
B4n rli
kh6"g tht.h hqc ti6ng Anh.
diu vfly?
Hq di 5n pho.
Anh 6y kh6ng mu6n u6ng trd d6.
TOi
di Sdi Gon bing xe lua.
83
82
Test 3
2.RespondtothefollowingquestionsandstatementsinVietnamese.
,t
Practice speaking and writing.
vocabulary
Match the English vocabulary with the Vibtnamese
t.
Ban bitit n6i tiiing Vi€t khdng?
2.
Ban thich u6ng cd Ph€ khdng?
3.
B4ndang lim gi vflY?
4.
Cu6n sach d trong thu viQn, phii ldr6ng?
-
-
J.
t'*
Write the question that should precede these answers'
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
bicycle
to speak
bus station
university
to learn
water
train
library
to eat
10. to write
11. eoffeeshoP
12. to read
13. bus
14. bank
15. to like
'an.trydfig dPi hqc
' b..xe bulit
c. 5n
d. ngin hing
e. xe d4p
f. btin xe
g.xedt6
h. hqc
i.
j.
qu6nciphO
xe lua
k. dqc
1. xem
m. thu vi€n
n. kh6
o. n6i
p. mrdc
q. thich
r. vi6t
t.
TOi di
lim bing xe bu;it.
2.
C6 6y hm viQc 6 mQt ngdn hdng.
J.
TOi di di5n ga xe lira.
85
* ", .i,,r
84
Translation Test: Write and say the following sentences in Vietnamese'
Repeat them several times to practice pronunciation'
I go to work by bus.
Where is the bus station?
I want to eat.
Do you want to drirlk eoffee?
Phu' flm
I am watching
a
university.
a movie.
Consonants
, q']
ln this chapter we're just $oing t6 concentrate on final
is
€ttnsonant sounds. The number of final consonants
by the
llnritcd. In some cases the ib{isonant gan be changed
be
can
vowct that is used, or just thd bgposlt€, the vowel
gltercd by what final consondnt is used'
-m
like the m rn them
-n
like the n inwhen-
-p*
like thep in caBbut
unaspirated
_1x
similiar to the t in selbut
unaspirated
-v^*
like the ckinPagfobut
unaspirated. When
following 6, o and u the
lips come together, like
with -p
-ng
like the ng tn si2g. When
following 6, o andz the liPs
come together, like with -m
He works atallbrary.
They study English at
-
Can you speak Vietnamese?
What are they doing?
87
t.,
86
like the ck in stiek (north)
like -r, as above, but the
vowel is altered (south)
-ch*
the
Llften to your instructor and repeat the following syllables containing
in sound after 6, o
f,nal consonant c. Pay close attention to the differenoe
$d
lr.
l.
like -ng, as above (narth)
like -n, as above, but the
vowel is altered (south)
-nh
*
The final consonants -c,- p,- t, and the cluster -ch ate
found in words using the tones sdc and ndng' The other
tones are Rever used in words containing these final
li'i
consonants.
rl1
,1111
chi6c chiQc
i
.,.4.
.
3. kh6c
khQc
t.
9.
ttttt/.
)
n
thfc thlc
bic b{c
5. r6c rflc
6.
tltic
7. c6c
8.
mfc mgc
cgc
tlQc
containing the
Llrtent to your instructor and repeat the following syltables
in sound
ingl consonant cluster -ng. Pay close attention to the difference
lftor d, o andu.
Pronunciation Exercises
Listentoyourinstructorandrepeatthefollowingsyllablescontaining
final consonants -m,-n,- P and -t.
2. mi6ng
3. gung lftng khfrng
4. hlng ning thnng
5. mfin
i
rfn
thfin
6. khdng
l,
lr
I
1. ccrm thom bom
2. kim xim lim
3. th0m rffm dm
4. xgm kgm tlgm
5. h6m kh6m gi6m
6. mfrm hfim chfl
7. li6n bi0n chi0n
8. khin
9. rffn cAn thAn
10. hQn rQn chQn
11. xf,n
thin giin
12.
rin nin
min lin thin
13. m6p th6p l6P
14. xgp kep deP
15. brfrt hfrt mrfrt
16. chQt tIQt mQt
xiGng ki6ng
1. hgng thing bing
7. thing chung bgng
8.
tldng xdng
long n6ng bdng
the
Lintcn to your instructor and repeat the following sytlables containing
linnl consonant clusters
-ch
following the vowels a and
and_.nh. Note that they are only found
i.
1. thich bich xich
2. llch khich illch
3. linh hinh thinh
4. chinh xinh dinh
5. anh chinh manh
6. lgnh khfnh thanh
88
Listening Exercise
Write the syllables your instructor reads to you.
e.g. l.
ttdne
1.
)
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
t4.
15.
-
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
r t t-&ga,.
9l
Lesson 4
Bei 4
I
Tir vgng
t
I
't
.,
]
rt ;l
tt6ng h6, ti€ng
'ril,
j
|r,
"
I t'.
Vocabulary
hour.
1?
'
mihute
second
exactly, correct
half
almost, close, near
alreadY
wi$
future tense
about, around
more
ndm phrit nfia
in five more minutes
early, soon
late
'iudc khi
before
tru khi
after
Ite
at
thi
ndo?
when
thi
time (hour of the daY)
rld
ErAY
when? (a question Particle)
gio?
what time?
I
q
..rr*-t
':
92
93
mAy gio rdi?
what time is it?
tdng
lirc mAy gio?
at what time?
tnra
to eat lunchr'j
bdy gid, hic ndy
now
16i
to,eat drnner
,
Duol sang
mornmg
khuya
bu6i trua
noon
UuOi ctri6u
afternoon
.
night
l.
1,..i.
buol tol
,
t,
l
'
'botttpuny
office
phdng
I
' ".
l: can; can pnal
mLlst, have to, need
ban khuya
midnight
tu
from
d0y
to get up
-t
den
to arrive, to come
d0v
to.wake up
cho d6n
until
khdihenh
I
to depart
chd, doi
to wait
d6n
to pick someone up
thudng
usually
VE
to return, to go home
mdi
to invite
UuOi tlgc
party
di du tiQc
to go to aparty
th6
he?
i
oh really?
(ngey) h6m nay
today
(ngny) h6m qua
yesterday
(ngdy) mai
tomorrow
nisht
tt
hotel
h s4n
I
,.
r! tl to eat late at
ty
r
to eat breakfast
,
tAm
th6 duc
to bathe, to take,a shower
to
exercisg
.
to sleep
ngil
i trua; ngi trua
nghi; nghi ngoi
to go to sleep
to take a midday nap
to take a break, to rest
95
94
Gidr
12:00- muoi hai gio trua
l:00 mQt gio chiAu
12:00 mudi hai gitr khuYa
1:00 mQt gio s6ng
2:00 hai gid sing
3:00 ba gid s6ng
4:O0
btin giosing
5:00 ndm gid sing
6:00 s6u gid sing
7:00 biygiosing
8:00 trlm giosing
9:00 chin gid s"ing
10:00 muoi gio s6ng
ll:00
muoi mQtgid trua
2:0A hai gio chi€u
3:00 ba gio chidu 'l,f:
4:00 b6ngid chiAu 'u"*,,
5:00 n[m gi] chiAu
6:00 s6u gi<r t6i
7:00 bay gid trSi
8:00 timgid tdi
9:00 chin gio ttii
10:00 muoi gio t6i
I
l:00
mudi mQt gid t6i
't
I
96
Ngir phfP
-
miiy
Grammar
gid
r
C'l
"mdy gid'is used to ask about specific times. Firstly, to
khi ndo
and bao
Gk about the current,i*". ,,
gid
"khi ndo" and"bao gid' ate question particles which
its position
used to ask the question "when?"' However'
future
.hung., depending on whether we are asking about
past events
is like t
When asking about future events the structure
e.g. rn6y gio rdi? :
when
will
she go home?
general
And when asking about past events and for
questions, the structure is like this:
subject + verb + object + khi ndo/bao gid
e'g'
b4n di Dd Latkhi
"u"I;^did
c6 6yv6 nhd bao gid?
:
vou go to Dd L,t?
when did she go home?
:
"..,!
what time idait?
c.g. m6y gio
b4n di ldm?
:
what tirne will you go to work?
e.g. khi ndo b4n di DdLat? :
when will You go to Ed Lqt?
:
I
o'hhi
ndo"
It is also used like a question particle. As with
Jttd " hao gid' , it's position changes depending on wtrether or
loi you're asking about future and past or general events-
khi ndo/bao gid + subject + verb + object
bao gittco 6y v0 nhd?
*n
b4n thudng di chg khi ndo
-n"tt do you usually go to the market?
cd 6y d6n ddy m6y sid? :
what tirne didshe arrive here?
b,qn thutrng
thuc day rn6y gio? :
what tirne do you usually wake uP?
The word "ltic'o is similar to the word "'at" in EnglisLl
whcn speciffing time.
c.g. lirc m6y gi'd
:
at what time?
hic tiirn gio mubi ldm phrit : at eight fifteen
lfc s6u gio srlng : at six o'clock in the rnorning
However, when using '"Iilc wtdy gid'as a question
pnrticle, the position usually stays at the end'of the sentence'
tt does not change position to indicate past or fufi.rre action.
e.g. ban di ldm lfc m6y gio?
:
at what tirne
do/will you go to work?
98
99
le
cO 6y
Pronouns
:
tttin tl6y hic m6y gid?
at what time did/will she arrive here
:
bpn thuong thric dfly hic m6y gicr?
at what time do you usually wake up?
sd
* verb
l
f '.
ln this chapter we will l.u* ,oln"tdifferent ways to say
Itwc" and "us" in Vietname$e.,,
i"
. n9
r't
tSl
minh
.u
,
;
'
Used in informal situations with people whom the
The word
e.g. t6i
"sd'is
sE
used when talking about future events.
tli ldm
:
speaker is familiar or intimate with, e.g. family
members or close friends. It can be used when the
I will go to work
gio :
He will arrive in Hi NQi at six o'clock
t6i sE di t16n anhiy : I will go pick him up
,A
listener is or is not included in the statement.
anh dy sE d6n Hd NQi hic s6u
€h{rng ta
However, in informal speech'3d'is usually dropped
when it is not necessary in order to understand that the
speaker is talking about a future event.
e.g. ngdy mai t6i tli ldm
:
Used in formal situations, or when the speakers are
not close with one another. It is only used when the
listener is included in the statement.
I'm going to work tomorrow
G.g.
A:
Bpn tli xem phim v6i tdi dugc kh6ng?
Can you go see a movie with me?
B:
Duoc. Khi ndo chilng ta
d1?
Yes, I can. When will we go?
A:
Chilng ta dibiry giit.
We'll go at seven o'clock.
r00
("
ch{tng t6i
Il$i'Thogil -
ConversationX
Used in forrnal sitr.rations, or when the speakers are
not close with one another. It is only used when the
listener is not included in the statement.
g{vaY?
Chdo Trinh, em dang lirqi".'-
Hello Trinh, what ard$bu
i. doing?
fl
d, shdo anh ThiQn! nit+W,ming cd ldm gi.
Ngdy rnai b4n lim gt?
Ol*, trello ThiQn!
What ar€ you doing tomorrow?
TOi
di choi vdi
rnQt ngudi barr.. Chilng
Thflt sao?
t6i di
xem phirn.
I'rn going out with
a
friend. We're going to
see a movie.
A.:
rUti rlar Ei tfc rn4y gid b9n?
Real$? W'trat time are you going?
Chfing t6i dibhy gid" Bnn mu6n di vdi chung
corne w,ith us?
nrui5n nroi er,rl
di
dW tiQc
vdi anh'
Really? I want to inv.ite ycu to a part'y.
Trintt:
Th6 A? Khi ndc tqli nxinh di?
Reall.y? W.hen are we going?
Thigr:
Ngdyrnai"
Tomrrow-
Trinh: Lfc m6y giil?
At vrllat time?
t6ihh?
Vy'e're going at sovon
Alfi
I'm not doing anylhing.
o'clock. Do you want to
ThiQr*:
Khotimg teirn gie'tdi
fiIi r$inh di.
We'trtr goaround & o'cloek.
Trinh:
Nhtrng
enn
phii
trdrn viQc
d&r shfur gid r'wdil
tsut I have to,wof,k until 9:3'01
Thien:
Kh'6ng thdall v,fur AAt
Affi
No problerr,r! I'lltr wait for
s6'ahd ern.
Yor:'.
H$l Thogl
2-
Conversation 2
HQi
Aldr?
Anh Mdn
Hello?
c6 di Nha Trang ph6i kh6ng?
Trang tomorrow, aren,t you?
phii. Xe hia kh6i hdnh hic siiu gid rudi.
C6 d6n Nha Trang hic m6y gio?
What time do you arrive in Nha Trang?
Phung: T6i d6n lirc ba gid chi6u.
up?
See
you tomorrow.
l,inh:
Anh nghi trua hic mAY gio?
Mdn:
Lric mudi hai gid trua. Em mu6n ilnlruavcri anh
ldr6ng?
At
12:00
Noon. Do you want to eat lunch with me?
Dp mu6n! Vfly em g[P anh 6 tl6u?
At the Sheraton hotel.
ROi. f,m
Phgng: D4 dugc. Crlm crn nhi6u! Mai gflp lai anh.
Culng: Mai gdp lai c6.
Anh di ldm. Anh A6n?6ngtv hic t5m gid.
O kh6ch san Sheraton.
Cucrng: TOi c6 th6 di5n d6n c6 dugc kh6ng?
Yes. Thank you very much!
MAn:
Yes, I do. So where will I meet You?
I arrive at three in the afternoon.
I come pick you
f
H6m nay qnh'c6 lim gi kh6ng?
At what time do you take your lunch break?
Yes. The train leaves at six-thirty.
Can
Conversation 3
I'm going to work. I arrive at work at 8:00'
Hello Phgng, this is Cudng. you,re coming to Nha
Da,
oi!
-
Mdn! Are you doin$'6hYthingtodaY?
Chdo c6 Phung, Cudng rldy. Ngdy mai
Phsng:
Tho4l3
See
you tomorrow.
sE gap anh
hic mudi hai gid trua.
Okay. I'11meet you at 12:00 Noon.
Cfiu
Vdn -
o
Sentences
3.
-*,
t-,
A: tsan di ldrn lirc mdY gio?
Wh.at tirne do Yoll go to work?'
x.
Bdy gid'lid nn6y gid?
Wha,t tirne is
B::
it
B: Tdi di lem hic biY gio rudi.I
'I
BAy gicllid trim gio srfng.
What tirne do Y'oll go home?'
D: T6,i v0 nhd hic s6tr gid.
It is 8 anl now.
B: Bdy gid ld mudi hai gid, trua.
It
isr 1,2 Noo.Lr
Xt ils,4 prar.
Di ts6y gid t6i, (rdi).
It is 7 pm.
Mudi u,gt gid d€rn.
It is
11 prrl.
IVtrndi hai g.id khuya.
Xt
GJ.
is
X2
I go horne at 5 o'ctroEk.
4. A: B-an thudng di ngtr lirc rn6y gi'd?
What time do you rrsually go to streepl
now.
Bdn gid ch'i6u (rOl1.
E:
*aY gi8n t
C: Ban v0 nhb liic
What tinrE is it?
)
Midnig-ht.
Gdn bAy gio,
A.l.nnss17;'64.
H. Sau trirn gio,m,Qt chft.
A litttre after 8:0,0,"
,,
I go'to work at 7:36r1i
no;rv?
M6y gio r6i?
,
ts:
Tdi thrx,bng tli ngrl hlc mudi gio't6lI usually goto
streeP
at 1O$CIPrn-
C. TOi thudmg di ngu k&odrag r,nuoi Lrai gid khuya'
I usually go,to sleop aro'und r'nidnight.
D: Tdi thudng di
r,rgu m6..
I usually go to
E. T0'iithudmg
<tri
streeP [ate.
ngtr sorn.
I usuatrly go to,sleeP early.
A: T6,i phAiidCn cdng ty trudc t6m gi'd' sri'ng'
I
r,nust
arrive at rrry'aor[pany lhe"fore 8:00' a;rr'
ts: Xe br+yt d,On b6n xe sau biy
gidr.
The br*s. a,r,rives at the stati,oll, aftEr
7::0O'.
t0'7
r06
C:
Ban phdi t16n sdn bay tru6c khi m6y bay kh6i
C.
hdnh hai ti6ng.
A.
the plane departs.
B.
I will call you after I arrive in Hanoi.
Anh nghi trua ru mudi hai gid di5n m6t gid rudi.
Em
sE chry anh
C.
dy cho d6n sriu gid.
7.
A:
10.
A.
B.
Bdy gid anh 6y se di d6n kh6ch spn.
Tomorrow he will go to a party.
s6m l8m.
Today she went to the office very early.
8.
A.
Anh thuong nghe nhac khi ndo?
When do you usually listen to music?
B.
khi thuc dfly'
Em thucng ldm gi tru6c khi di ngri?
Em thucrng tli tam tru6c khi di ngir.
C.
Em thuong xem tivi tru6c khi di ngri'
I usually watch TV before I go to sleep'
Ngdy mai anh 6y s6 di dU tiQc.
C: H6m nay chi 6y d6n vdn phdng
CO ay thucrng tQp thC duc sau
I usually take a shower before I go to sleep'
until night.
He will go to the hotel now.
B:
klii thuc day'
What do you usually do before you go to sleep?
C6 6y ldm vi6c tu sdng dtin t6i.
She works from morning
CO 6y thucrng dn s6ng bbu
She usually exercises after she gets up'
I will wait for him until 6:00.
C:
khi thuc dOy cO 6t,Hit$g ldm gi?
She usually eats breakfast after she gets up'
I take lunch break from 12:00 until l:30.
B:
Sau
After she gets up, *hht doesshe usually do?
D: Tdi sO ggi diQn tho4i cho ban sau khi ttrin Hd N6i.
A:
ngt'
I usually listen to music before I gq to sleep'
You must arrive at the airport two hours before
6.
TOi thuong nghe nh4c tru6c khi di
T6i thucrng nghe nhac khi tlang hqc bdi.
I usually listen to music when I study.
t+ u*l
108
Z.
Exercises
109
f-,,
nespo"i to dre following questions and staternents in Vietnamese.
Itractice speakrng and writing.
1. Write and
say the following sentences in English. Repeat the
l.
B4n thucrng
thfc
r \'.
df,Y luc
maigio?
Vietnamese phrases several times to practice pronunciation.
,
T6i
s€
di ngri sau mudi l5m phrit nfla.
?.t
h
Tru6c khi di ngir b4n thucrng
lim
gi?
H6m qua anh 6y dtin cdng ty tr6.
Sau
Anh phii chd o Aay Oen t hi---iO
khi h4n hqc tir5ng Vi€t b4n
sE
lirn
gi?
ffin
Bdy gio
Bdy gio tdi phai di.
li rn6y gio?
Anh 6y thuong [&6ng dn t6i tr,udc tdm gio.
Write the question that should precede these answers'
Sau
khi dn s.ing t6,i di tirn.
Chf khdng thich thrla dSy sdm.
Khi
nd,o
TOi thucrng thuc d{Y tr6.
tui minh se di fu ti,gc?
May bay khdi hinh hic tarngid hai rnuoi'
Xe lua ddn ga l{rc rn6y gid?
l
1
J.
HOm nay anh 6y d;5n c6ng ty sau chin gi$ mQt chrit'
110
lll
l*'"
./.-
,l.ranslation
Test 4
f"ri
'Writ"
and say the following sentences in Vietnamese.
Itcpeat them several times to practice
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary
l.
12.
company
early
to return
yesterday
now
tomorrow
to wait
to depart
after
at night
to wake up
hotel
13.
pafty
m.ngu
14.
sleep
15.
around
n. s6rn
o. UuOi tOi
p. ngdy mai
q. sau khi
2.
J.
_4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
,t.
_
,_
9.
10.
11.
a. h6mqua
b. kh6ch san
c. nghi trua
d. thric dfy
e. khoi hdnh
f. bdy gio
g. khoing
h. c6ng ty
i.
pronunciation'
l
,
\''
I
The plane arrives at the airport at 11:30 am'
,r ;
She works
until 8:00 Pnr.
I eat breakfast before I take a shower'
He
will
go to Hanoi tomorrow'
buOi tiQc
J. VE
k. chd
l.
r.
Yesterday I woke uP earlY'
dn s6ng
Tomorrow night we will go to aparty'
Sh" tum" home a little after 4:00 Pm'
nhanh
I usually exercise in the afternoon'
We eat dinner after we return home
\..1
tl2
Phu ffm
-
n
-i
u3
:-
NguY0n frm
Consonants
-
Vowels
,
In this chapter we will introduee four consonants and
three consonant clusters, for a total ofseven sounds.
q
like the q in queen (north)
like the wh inwheat (south)
In this lesson we will
learn about sEFteral
r'.
vowel sounds
*tti.frmaysoundsimilarordifficult;todistinguishfromone
between
uno,to"t for English learners' W,f,ile the difference
to
noticeable
these vowels may seem slight to usr, it iq\tery
Vi.anu*"...p"ul".r- The mairr dfffefence with complex
than complex
vowels that end in y is that the sound is shorter
vowels ending in i.
similar to the s in qure
al
likey inwhY,but longer
ay
similar to the i inJllght
Ary
also similar to the i infllght
but even shorter than aY
ui
like ewy in chelw)t
uy
like the wordwe
oi
a
o1
similar to the oY
an unvoiced, unaspirated
sound somewhere between
the typical d anda I sounds.
\/*
nh
ph
tr
*
like the v invine
like the ny in caryon
llkethe ph inpfuone
similar to the tr in train
insome southem dialects v can sound like an Englishy, as
inyes.
long combination of the
Vietnamese sounds o and i
tntry
Notethatallthevowelsoundsintroducedinthislessonare
are never
only used as final sounds in syllables' They
followed bY a final consonant'
1,.di
f&
6lt
115
,:,,
4. t6i tqi toi
3. troi trgi trdi
Pronunciation Exercises
Listen to your instructor and repeat the following syllables containing the
final vowel sounds ai, ay, anddy.
t^. {.l.
s. siii saii sQi
7. phiii ptr6i ptr6i
Z:
6.
rquoi quot quol
,,
ir
1,
n
1. phni phai phii
2. trai trgi trhi
J. vat var var
4. sai sf,i s4i
5. nhf,y nh?y nhfy
6. thy
7. quay qufy qu?y
aAl
y. v?y
vay vay
8. trfly triry tray
11. nhfry nhfly nhiy
12.quiy qu6y quiy
tiy tiy
10. sAy s6y siy
b' toi toi toi
n9.,
f4
;t
Listening Exercise
Write the syllables
e.g. l.
as
you hear them in the blank spaces'
ndi
)
Listen to your instructor and repeat the following syllables containing the
4.
final vowel sounds ui anduy.
1. nfi nui ngi
3. vui vt'ii
vii
5. thfiy thriy thiy
7. qu! quy qui
2. miii
mii
mui
8.
4. sti sgi siii
10.
xti xiii
8. truf truf trui'
12.
6. xiii
t4.
16.
Listen to your instructor and repeat the following syllables containing the
20.
final vowel sounds oi and 6i.
1. voi vdi vgi
18.
2. soi s6i sdi
116
Lesson 5
Days of the week, months, past tense, imperatives
I l8
Bei
, ,"^d
5
Lesson
Tir vqng
ngdy
Vocabulary
day
Chir nhpt
Sunday
thri hai
Monday
thri ba
Tuesday
thf tu
Wednesday
thri ndm
Thursday
thri s5u
thirbhy
ngdy nghi
Friday
Saturday
day
off
ngdy (nghi) l5
holiday
thring
month
th6ng mQt
January
th6ng hai
February
thdngba
March
th6ng tu
April
th6ng ndm
Muy
th6ng s5u
June
thhngbhy
thing tirm
thrlng chin
July
August
September
S
thfng muoi
119
?'
October
th6ng mudi mQt
November
th6ng mucii hai; thSng chPP
Dedember
I
t,,
t
!" ;.
mol
$'.
every
,'4
'r Jwo;days ago
hai ngdy tru6c
three days ago
ba ngdy tru6c
hai ngdy
nta; hai ngdY sau
ba ngdy nfta; ba
ngiY sau
two days from now
three days from now
mol ngay
every day
tuan
week
cu6i tuAn
weekend
l.
tuan nay
this week
tuAn tru6c
last week
tudn sau, tuan tol
next week
m6i tuan
every week
more
.'nfia
I
^. nlan nua
mot
one more week
hai tudn nta
two more weeks
I
^. tuan sau
mot
a week later
hai tudn sau
two weeks later
l,
tuan truoc
one week ago
ba tudn tru6c
three weeks ago
tuan rol
last week
t2a
'*
t*.o4:y,
thring ndy
this rnonth
s6ng
th4ng sau
next rnonth
chiAu thir
thring rdi
last month
t6i Cht nhat
rn6i theng
every month
nh6;
Monday morning
thf hai
Wednepday,'afternoon
tu
di
Sur{day night
rl
il
polite particle used with
.
'{ Jnvitations and suggestions
1.
F4
hai thdng nfra
two more months
ba thdng tru6c
three months ago
b4n g6i
girlfriend
b5n thdng sau
four rnonths later
b4n trai
boyfriend
ndm
year
ngudi yOtr
bo,yfriend, girlfriend, lover
ndm nay
this year
c6 thcri gian
to have time
ndm sau
next year
dinh, dlr dinh
to plan
n5m ngoiii
last year
tli choi
s6ng nay
this morning
,
.).
o'go
PlaY'', go out for fun,
'ohang Out"
cnleu nay
this afternoon
cld
t6i nay
tonight
gflp nhau
s6ng (h6,nr) qua
yesterday morning
chiAu (h6rn) qua
yesterday afternoon
t6i (hdrn) qua
last night
sdng (ngdy) rnai
tornorrow morning
chi,Au (ngdy) mai
tomorrow afternoon
t6i (ngdy) mai
tomorrow night
rn6l truuoi; sang
every morning
rn6i 6uOll chi6u
every afternoon
m6i quuo4 t6i
every night
+ verb
creates Past tense
to sse each other, rneet each
other
*'nr
122
Ngir
phfp - Grammar
ilii + verb
.:-
these situations.
e.g.
However, "dd' israrely used when it is not necessary in
order to understand that the event happened in the past'
:
yesterday I went to work
:
tudn tru6c c6 6Y di HQi An
last week she went to HQi An
e.g. h6m qua t6i tli ldm
I went to work already
anh dy hqc titing Anh rdl:
he studied English alreadY
isused much more commonly than "dd", afidthe
two are not commonly used in conjunction' "r6i" is often
omittpd when it is not necessary in order to understand that
the event being spoken about occurred in the past but it is
rr{orning I took a shower
sdng naY
," 9f
t6i di tdm'i6i .: . *'4
this mon{ingil"took a shower already
"rfii"
phrase'
isalways used in the final position of a
to show
isalso often used like the word "okay"
conversations'
understanding, or atthe end of telephone
"r6i"
e.g.
A: T6i sE gaP anh hic t6m g]d' .
I will meet You at eight o'clock'
B:
ROi'
OkaY'
;.
e.g. t6i di ldm ,6i :
t[m : thil
t6i di
nhi and tli
rot
As introduced in the vocabulary section of chapter four,
"roi"
-rai;
'by
-"u"t "already". Hbwever, the word
""iutiy
definition, indicates past events. It is therefore used much
more commonly than the word "already" in English'
r \''
s6ng nay
:
I went to work
Anh :
ti6ng
anh 6y ddhqc
he studied English
"r6i"
t23
*l
to use it in
still gramm at;ically correct, and common even'
The word "dd" is used when talking about past events'
e.g. t6i dA di ldm
o
o'nhd" and"di" are polite final particles used when
and when urging
making imperative ,"ni"""', suggestions'
people to do things.
"di"
isused with imperative sentences
e.g. thric d4Y dil : wake uP!
di ngn di : go to sleePl
with you
"nhd" is used when urging people to do things
It is "softer" than
or for you, or when making suggestions'
o'di", afidmore commonly ,.sed when speaking to an elder'
xJ
t24
e.g.
v6i t6i nhd : go eat pho with me
mua c6i ndy cho emnhd : buy this one for rne
chd tdi rndt phrit di : wait f,or me for a minute
cdrn ern nh,!!: thanh you!
/
125
{
I -
HQi Tho4i
eli 6n pho
Dat:
Chf Thanh
Hey Thanh!
'Ihanh: 6t patt
oil
Chdo
Hellol
or suggesting.
I'
Dat:
chi! ,
':,
i:
r
'
.{
Ldu riii kh6r1g'ttugc'gip em'
Oh! D4t! I haven't
While using "di"' and"nh6 might not technicatrly be
necessary, it should be remernbered that rnaking imperatives
or suggestions without them rnay sowrd very rude and pushy,
as if you are ordering people to do things rather than asking
Conversation
r t''
"nh(i" is also cornrnonly used when thanking people.
e.g.
n
seen you in a long time'
Chi dA di MY, dring kh6ng?
You went to America, right?
Thanh: tI, dting
tOi.
Yes, that's right.
nirfr
"'ntta" has several functions. In this chapter we'll learn
ab.out one of,them.
"nfr&", roughly translated means "motre", or o'another"
when talking about quantities or amounts. It follows this
fon'n:
Dat
Chi d d6 bao
16u vflY?
How long were You there?
Thanh: Khoing
ba th6ng. Thdng bdy chi
di'
About three months. I went there in July'
Dpt:
Chi di ldm o M!, Phii khdng?
You worked there, didn't You?
amount
e.g.
* noun'l niba
ba th6ng
rnqt ly
nfrs
n*a
:
Thanh: Kh6ng ph6i, em. Chi c6 mQt ngudi b4n s6ng o
:
three rnore rnonths
one rnore glass.
OR
another glass
Texas.
No I didn't. I have a friend who lives in Texas'
Dat:
Chi dA vO ViCt Nam khi ndo?
When did You return to Vietnam?
Thanh: Chi vC t6i thu
seu.
I returned on FridaY night'
126
t27
Hdi Thoai
2-
Conversation 2
Khang: Ot enn Son! Anh di tt6u vAy?
Oh! Son! Where
Scrn:
are you going?
Anh di gip mQt ngudi ban o qudn cd ph6. Con em?
I'm going to meet
a friend at the coffee shop.
And
you?
Khang: Em dang di v6 nhd. A! Anh Son, cu5i tuAn ndy anh
c6 mu6n di cdu c6
v6i em vd ban em kh6ng?
I'm going home. Ah!
Scrn, this weekend do
you
want to go fishing with my friends and me?
scrn:
cuol tuan ndy anh kh6ng c6 thoi gian. Tuan
sau
tui
I
I 2.
I
I
t
|
roday is wednesday.
A:
H6m nay ld ngdy mdy?
what is the date today?
B:
H6m nay ld ngdy mudi hai, thiing tu.
Today is the l2'n of April.
3. A: Ndm nay ld ndm mdy'?
minh di duoc kh6ng, em?
This weekend I don't have time. Can we go next
weekend?
Khang: Dugc, nhrmg siing thri b6y tuAn sau em ph6i tli ldm.
Okay, but I work next Saturday morning.
Son:
Kh6ng sao d6u. chri nhat tuan sau tui minh di nh6r
Never mind. We'll go next Sunday!
Khang: Da. Chri nhft tu6n sau tui minh
All right. We'll
s6
g{p nhau.
see each other next Sunday.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
"H:{#ainghinl6n5m
4.
A:
Khi niro b4n tap the duc'l
When do you exercise?
":
T6i tfp th6 duc thf hai, thri tu, vir thu s6u.
t exercise on Monday, Wednesday
and Friday.
C: T6i tap th6 duc ba ngdy mQt tu6n.
r exercise three days a week.
D:
TOi tap th0 duc m6i ngdy.
I exercise every day.
5. A: Chring t6i ili DiEn Bi6n Phri ndm ngodi.
g
129
'd
128
We went to Di$n Bi€n Phir last year.
B: Chring tdi tlinh tli DiQn Bi6n Phir ndm nay.
We're going to DiQn Bi0n Phtr this year.
C: Chring t6i dinh di DiQn Bi6n Phtr ndm sau.
We're going to DiQn Bi6n Phir next year.
6.
t,4
9. A. T6i thu s6u ndY anh aYsldrn Ei?
What is he doing on FridaY night?
B.
T6i thir s6u niry anh 6y di choi v6i bpn g6i'
He's going out with his girlfriend on Friday night'
10. A.
Chi6u Chu nhflt nlry anh di choi v6i em dugc
khdng?
C: Chu nhflt t6i b4n ldm gi?
Can you go out with me on Sunday night?
What will you do next Sunday?
7.
A: Bpn hoc ti6ng ViQt 6 ddy bao l6u r6i?
B.
No, I can't. I don't have any days off this week'
B: T6i hqc d d6y m0t nam (rdi).
C: T6i hec 0 tl6y
gin
C. Duoc. Khi ndo tui minh di?
Yes,I can. When will we go?
s6u th6ng (r6i).
I've studied here for almost six months (already)'
11. A.
8.
e.
B: Ban di Dd Ning khi ndo?
When did you go to Dir NEng?
CuOi tudn niY tui minh
di'
We're going at the end of this week'
A: Khi ndo bpn tti Dd Ndng?
When are you going to Ed Ning?
Khi ndo tgi minh di cduc6?
When are we going frshing?
D: T6i hqc 0 ddy khoing mudi tuAn.
I've studied here for about ten weeks.
Kh6ng dugc, em. Tudn niry anh khdng c6 ngdy
nghi.
How long have you studied Vietnamese here?
I've studied here for one year (already).
mai t6i di DdNing.
I'm going to Dd Ning tomorrow "iqht'
D: TOi sE di Dd Ning sau hai t{rdn nta'
I'm going to Dd Nfl+*g in't*o more weeks'
B: Chir nhat ndy bpn ldm gi?
What are you doing this Sunday?
n
C: tOi
A: Chri nhat tru6c bpn ldm gi?
What did you do last Sunday?
r
"
C.
SSng thu hai tudn sau
tui minh di'
We're going next MondaY morning'
\{
r30
Exercises
2.
i
l3l
o
,
in Vietnamese'
Resplnd'to the following questions and statements
Practice speaking and writing'
l.
H6m nay
Write and say the following sentences in English. Repeat the
li ngdY mdY?
I
t.,
I
Vietnamese phrases several times to practice pronunciation.
P4
!
MQt ndm c6 mudi hai th6ng.
MOt ndm c6 bao nhi6u tuAn?
I
nnh 6v
sE
d Sdi Gdn tltin th6ng tu.
3.
S6ng thri s6u hg
ili
MQt tuAn c6 mAY ngiY?
cdu c.i.
Chn nhat niy c6 6y <lugc nghi
Ngiy nio thudng
li ngdY nghi cia b4n?
Anh 6y thuong klrOng an t6i tru6c trlm gio.
Write the question that should precede these answers'
H6m nay ld tht mdy?
Sau hai
tuin nta hg sE dang 6 My
Ch! hgc ti5ng Vipt
du-o. c
Hq d5n Viqt Nam th6ng mudi'
ba th6ng r6i.
H6m nay ld ngiy hai mucvi hai thring ndm.
Kh6ng dugc. fOi
choi.
ttli biy tdi kh6ng c6 thoi gian di
Anh 6y hgc 0 ddY dugc hai ndm rdi'
132
,* ".no
Test 5
133
'l'ranslation Test; Write and say the following sentences in Vietnamese.
Itcpeat them several times to practice pronunciation.
,
r \'.
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary
I
Today is April 1'1,2005.
':. {'
t
,
,8
Months
1.
January
a
February
March
b
April
d.
May
e.
June
f.
July
August
o
b.
September
October
November
December
c.
h.
I'm going to work at 8:00 tothorrow morning.
th6ng muoi
th6ng n6m
th6ng s6u
th6ng muoi hai
th6ng hai
th6ngbhy
th6ng mQt
thfungmudi m6t
i. thangba
j. thdng chin
k. th6ng t6m
l. thdng tu
I don't have time to go out on Saturday.
I came to ViQt Nam in February.
I have studied English for 3 Years.
What date is today?
Wednesday night he is going out with his friends.
Days
We're going to Nha Trang next weekend.
1
Sunday
2.
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
J.
4.
5.
6.
7.
a. thrl s6u
b. thf biy
c. thu tu
d. Chii nh0t
e. tht n[m
f. thrl hai
g. thir ba
I do exercise every Monday, Wednesday
and Friday.
135
t34
Phg
im -
combination of the ay
o in no
in sav and.the
t.
eo
Consonants
a
In this chapter we will introduce the only remaining
t
initial consonant sound.
ng and ngh
eu
like the ng in si4ging
*ngh is only used precedeing the vowels e, e and l. In all
other cases ng wlll be used. ng is a very common initial
consonant sound, however it can be difficult for Western
learners to master. Practice the exercises several times until
you can get it right.
Nguy6n Am
-
r:'.i'
bimilar to eo, but shorter
and with a different accent
u0
in the north..\uo is a clear
transition from zr tq o. In
the south it is much"more
uniform in sound
uyc
in the north, uy€ is a clear
transition from z to i to €.
In the south it is more like
the uee in qggen
Vowels
ao, au, du, eo and Au are all final vowels. uo anduyA are
always followed by a final consonant.
In this lesson we will learn two more sets of similar
vowel sounds, and two other complex vowels.
Pronunciation Exercises
ao
like the ow inflower
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the final vowel
au
a combination of the a
fqther and the oo in
AU
in
loo:se
similar to aubut shorter
and with a different
accenton thefirst vowel
sound
sounds ao, auanddu.
1. dao ddro d6o
2. niro nf,o nflo
3. viro vio v4o
4. thao thio th4o
6. khau khfu khiu
5. siu siru siu
7. lau
liu
l4u
8. gi6u giiu gi4u
t37
\..*
136
9. xAu xflu x6u
10. dffu dAu dflu
11. tffu tf,u t6u
12. chffu
f.
chffu chf,u
t
_.,
:
tuyei xuYQt duYQt huYQt quyet
4. quy6t tuy6t xuY6t huY6t k\uYif
5. tuydn huYiin truYiin ctru$iin
'if
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the final vowel
v4
the initial consonant
Listen and repeat the following syllaQlelbonnifning
sounds eo andAu.
sound ng.
1. heo h6o hgo
2. trgo treo tr6o
3. reo rEo
16o
5. l6u l6u
tOu
4. qugo qu6o quio
-lir neu neu neu
(l.
7. tt6u tldu
:
tIQu
8. kQu kOu k6o
1. nghe ngd ngu ngh6u nguy6n nghO nga
2. nghin ngd nghii ngir ngfln nghio ngAu
3. nguyQt nghiQp ng?o nghQu ng4i ngfly
4.
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the vowel sound ro.
1. huong luong phuong vuong thutrng
2. xu&ng du0ng cuffng dufrng sufrng
3. vugng phugillg khuqng ruqng tugng
4. nu6mg mufng chufng truring gufng
5. cudng xudng trudng giudng vudng
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the vowel
sound uyA. Note that the consonants following uyA are limited to
1. tuyOn quyOn uy6n chuyOn thuyOn
2. chuy6n khuy6n quy6n tuy6n uy6n
n
and
t
ngiry
ngfn
ngrfr ngh6
ngft ngin
5. ngfl ngfl ng6 nghi ngir ngd ngh6o
6. nghi ngfr ng6m ngfr ngii
Lesson 6
Clothing, posessives, why, in order to, because,
common adj ectives, colors, intensifiers
t4t
Lesson 6
Tir vqng
I '
r;.
quan ao,
oo
(cdi) 6o
scl
mi
I
,,
',,
t.,
blothing
-.",4
shlft
(cai) 5o thun
t-shirt
(cdi)
pants
qu6'n
Voclibalary
(cdi) qri'n gin
jeans
(criy' quAn sogc
shorts
(cdi) in choirng
blouse
(cdi) 6o ddm
dress
(cdi) 6o ddi
traditional Vietnamese
dress
(cdi) vay
skirt
(cdi) cdv4t
necktie
Gqil
dey
nit
belt
(cdi) 6o len
sweater
(cai) 6o kho6c
jacket
(chi€c) giAy, giAy
shoe
(d6,
pair of shoes
eiey
(chi€c)
vt
sock
ldot) vo
pair of socks
(cdi) mfi', (cdi) n6n
hat
t43
142
'.{
q
.
*
(dri) trang sric
jewelry
depn;
quAn 6o l6t
underwear
dgp trai
mAc
to wear/put on clothing
gan
deo
to wear/put on a watch,
xa
jewelry
ngan
mang
to wear/put on shoes, socks
dni
long
d0i
to wear a hat
t6t; hay; gioi
good
to take off shoes
oo; xau
bad
-.1
". oo,
col
col quan ao
to take off clothing
miu
color
thft
to try
miu den
black
mflc thti
to try on clothing
mdu
cria
creates possesives
mdu xanh 15 cdy
cria t6i
mine, my
mdu xanh da
cua co^aay
hers, her
miu d6
red
n6
it
miu vdng
yellow
tpi sao
why
mdu cam
orange
-l
de
to, in order to
miu tim
purple
vi, tai vi
because
mdu ndu
brown
ct
old (objects)
mdu x6m
grey
m6i
new
miu den vd tring
black and white
nho
small
lcm
big
xau
ugly
.x
col glay
:.
.
,
beautiful, nice, pretty
handsome
r {'.
A
tring
white
trdi
green
blue
115
144
Ngfr
phfp
-
t
).,
mil6n :
qudn 6o moi
:
i
Grammar
In this chapter adjectives are introduced. In Vietnamese,
adjectives follow the noun.
e.g. mQtc6i
'*d
e.g. tgi sao ngdy mai bpn kh6ng m'r5n G choi? =
*
khi b4n di choi tqi i;a.o khdng c6 mdi tdi tli vdi?
when you went out, why"dldn'uiou invite me to go with?
'a
alargehal
new clothing
,e
ln informal situations people will often just say "sao". This
sounds more friendlY and'lcute"'
ctiu
The word "cl)a" is used when making possesives. It
follows this form:
e.g. saobankh6ng thich c6i 6o so mi nhy?
:
whY don't You like this shirt?
nounf crta+pronoun
:
e.g. c6i in
my shirt
so mi cfia t6i
c6i 6o so mi niy ld cila t6i
:
this shirt is mine
.l
her pair of shoes
t16i gi6y cua chi 6y
d6i giAy ndy ld cila chi 6y
this pair of shoes is hers
:
:
vi and tgi vi
vi" both mean'obecause"' They are placed
at the beginning of a Phrase
"vi"
e.g. t6i di kh6ng dugc
minh
:
our friend
c6ng ty anh 6y
his company
ban
:
tgi sao Lnd, silo
"tqi sao" is a beginning question particle that means
comes at the beginning of a
"why". "tqi sao" always
sentence or phrase.
:
v) cAn phdi di ldm
I can't go because I have to work
:
t6i kh6ng mua chi6o so mi d6 tqi vi n6 nho q.otL
1 didn't buy that shirt because it's too small
However, 'ocr)a" is often omitted, usually when the
speaker is not referring to an object.
e.g.
and'otqfi
is used more commonly in spoken Vietnamese' so
in
that is what will be used in the sentences and conversations
"vi"
this book.
146
'd u*g r
and it-hrnctions like the word'oson'when used in a
Iiim
positive context
"ldm" is an intensifier expressing an elevated level of
feeling or quality. "ldm" functions like the word "veryo'in
English when used with adjectives.
e.g. d6i giAy nAy
dep
tdm
:
ndy de.p qud
:
this $kirt is so pretty
I
In spoken Vietnamese*q1;a4" somefimes precedes the
t{.
adjective
this pair of shoes is very pretty
and
e.g. chivity
,
e.g. cilivhy niry qud
;'
this skin is so pretty
dgp
it functions like "very much" when used with verbs
de
e.g. t6i thich n6ldm
:
I like it very much
"ldm" is always used in the final position of a phrase
rdt
"rdt"
"d€" is a preposition which is used to show purpose of an
action. It is similar to "in order to", or "to" in English when
used to show purpose of an action.
e.g. t6i <16n ViQt Nam dehqc titing ViQt
I came to ViQt Nam to study Vietnamese
as"ldm",but precedes the
adjective or verb instead of following it.
has the same meaning
:
h6m nay hq thfc dfly totn cl6 dicd:ucL
today they woke up early to go fishing
this pair of shoes is very pretty
tdi rtit thich
:
ciindy
I like this one v€ry much
qud
"qltd" functions like the word "too" when used in
a
negative context
e.g.
,.
r I
.
i
-t
car dong no nay mac
quo
:
this watch is too expensive
:
cho
"cho" is also a preposition which shows purpose of
action, but it is more like the word "for" in English.
e.g.
tdi
sE
mua mQt c6i 6o so mi choban :
I will buy a shirt for You
anh 6y ldm n6
cho
t)i :
he did
it for me
's,*," ,,
148
HQi Tho4i
HOi Tho4i 2 -
1
Conversation
r
Duy€n: Ldm oi,
LuAn:
em di ddu vfly?
Em di chq. Chi c6 mu6n tli v6i em kh6ng?
I'm going to the market. Do you want to go with
me?
Ldm:
Em
sE
l'.
so mi ndy t*r6ng?
shit't?'
tt4
'
'.
ThC
ha? Tai sao em kh6ng thich?
ReallY? WhY don't You like it?
are you going to the market to buy?
muahai cdivhyddi mdudenvirhai c5r6o so
mi tring.
I'm going to buy two long black skirts and two white
qu0n 6o mdu cam'
Quy€n: Vi n6 mdu cam. Em kh6ng thich
Because it's orange. I don't like orange clothing'
Vdy, em c6 thich chi 6o miu xanh 16 cdy tl6 kh6ng?
Ludn:
So, do You like that green one?
shims.
I
Duydn: Nhrmg md em c6 nhi6u vfy r6i. T4i sao em cdn
mua hai
fro
'on
Quy€n: Kh6ng. Em khdng tfriO'tr t**'
No. I don't like it very much'
Ludn:
Duy6n: C6! Em rli chg d6 mua c6i gi?
Yes! What
cii
Do you like this
.Ldm, where are you going?
L0m:
Em thich
2
chinfia?
:
6o stv mi tay ddi'
Quy6n: Da thich, nhung md em phii mua
Cii ito tt6 taY ngin'
But you have many skirts already. Why do you need
I like it, but I have to buy a long-sleeved shirt' That
to buy two more?
one is short-sleeved.
Ldm:
Vi
qu0n 6o il6 dC di
ili
ldm.
chol. Em
cAn mua quAn 6o d6
Because those clothes are for going
clothes for work.
Ludn:
Cdn c6i miru d6 d6 thi sao?
What about that red one?
out. I have to buy
Quy0n: DgP lim! Em thich n6 6m!
It's very pretty! I like that one a lot!
Ludn:
VflY anh mua c6i d6 cho em'
So
I'll
buY that one for You'
l
l5l
150
Ciu
Vin -
n:"-PO
Sentences
li
c6i mfi mdu tring cira b4n'
That is Your white
1.
B: D6ld cfi
A: Chi 6a so mi ndy cfr.
A.
B: CLi ho so mi d6 mcri.
Chi Ay ta ban
8.
B: Chivhy ndy ddi.
A.
B.
A: Tdi dang mflc c6i quAn mdu tlen.
D6 la nhd cria b4n t6i'
D6
Tdi dang m{c c6i quAn miu do.
AV dang
9.
A: Ddi gi6Y ndo ld ctra b4n?
Which Pair of shoes is Yours?
pants.
m{c 6o kho6c mdu xanh da trdi.
B:
B: CO 6y dang mflc 6o chodng mdu vdng.
C: Ddi
Ii cira tdi.
D:
C6i 6o
scv
mi miu h6ng
That pink shin is yours.
<16
li
cria
t6i'
DOi 0 b6n tr6i
li
cria t6i'
The pair on the left hand side is mine'
That green shirt is mine.
B:
lcrn
The big Pair is mine'
yellow blouse.
A: Chi 6o so mi mdu xanh 16 cdy d6
Ddi giaY lon ld cria tdi'
The big Pair of shoes is mine'
He is wearing a blue jacket.
She is wearing a
li nhe b4n tdi'
That is mY friend's house'
I am wearing black pants.
A: enh
tdi.
That is mY friend's house'
This skirt is long.
4.
,tu ioi:u *'o
That is mY friend'
This skirt is short.
I am wearing red
mff mdundu criatc6 6Y'
B. D6libPn
A: Cfuivdy ndy ngin.
B:
.,
She is mY friend.
That shirt is new.
3.
1
That is her browfr,hbt.
This shirt is old.
.,
hat'
ld cira b4n.
10. A:
T4i sao b4n thich c6i vhY niry?
WhY do You like this skirt?
152
B:
' '-3 I
Vi c6i ndy dgp.
153
Exercises
Because this one's pretty,
C: Vi
cfutnity kh6ng
ngilnI
m.
Because this one isn't very short.
12.
A:
Tpi sao b4n kh6ng tli cluqc?
Why can't you go?
,
l. Write and say the following
I,
f
sentencqs in
Fnglish. Repeat the
Vietnamese phrases several timgh tb practice pronunciation.
u
,r'6-
ts
f
D6i v6 cira t6i kh6ng ph6i mdu ving. D6i cira t6i
mau oo.
B: TOi khdng di tlugc vi kh6ng co thdi gian.
I can't go because I don't have time.
13.
Anh Ay di Hd Nqi
dC
hec ti6ng ViQt.
A: Tai sao anhSy di Hu6?
Why did he go to Huti?
C5i mfi ctra c6 6y dgp ldm.
B: Anh 6y di Huti de tnam bpn anh 6y.
He went to Hu6 to visit his friend.
14.
A.
CAt
5y d6n chq d6 mua
116
6o so mi ndy kh6ng dugc
vi n6 nho
qu6.
TOi dang <li d6n nhd hing vi b4n t6i dang cho t6i o d6.
gap mQt ngudi bpn.
She went to the market to meet a friend.
15. A.
cii
quin rio m6i.
She went to the.market to buy new clothing.
B. CO 5y di chq
TOi mflc
C6i quAn m6i cira ban 6 tr6n c6i ghi5 mdu den 6 d6.
C6i ndy cho ban.
This one is for you.
Tui minh kh6ng thich phim ndy vi n6 kh6ng tdt.
B. T6i mua crii ndy cho b4n.
I bought this one for you.
C. Tdi sE ldm crii d6 cho b4n.
I will do that for you.
Ho ldm vi0c cho tdi.
Ngdy mai khodng bdy gio rudi t6i
cho ban.
sE
goi tliQn tho4i
155
154
2.
Combine the following sentences wing
Test 6
"dii"
Match the English vocabulary with the Vigtnamese vocabulary
Example:
I
t
Hdm,,nay anh Nam thirc day s6m. Anh 6y s€ t4p
thrS
duc.
Vocabulary
1.
H6m nay anh Nam thuc ddv sdm itd ffip thd duc.
l.
Chi Huong tti chq. Chi 6y
sE
mua 6o tlim
!.4
why
shirt
my, mme
short
bad
long
t16.
old
2.
3.
Thriy vC nhd
r6i. C6 dy mudn
Thir tu ndy anh Jack phii tli Trung Qu6c. Anh 6y
viQc d i16.
4. Chir nhQt tcri cd Hi0n phni di
mQt ngudi b4n.
<16n
ga xe
sE
ldm
lira. C6 Ay tli t16n
5. Ngdy mai 6ng Mark tli Chicago. Ong 6y tli chcri 6 t16.
6.
ThiQn vd Hi6u sE di
Anh.
small
new
hat
dress
good
xem tivi.
M! hai tuAn nfia. Hq di hqc ti6ng
.'9, ;'
a ao soml
bcfl
c. t4t sao
d. c6i mfr
e. 6o ttAm
f. tot
g. nho
h. cira t6i
i. dei
j.d0
k. m6i
.!
l. ngan
Colors
purple
grey
black
blue
white
a. mdu h6ng
b. miu trdng
c. mdu cam
d. miu d6
e. mdu den
orange
f.
yellow
mdu tim
g. mdu xanh 16 cdy
h. mdu xanh da trdi
i. mdu vdng
red
green
brown
j. miu x6m
pink
k. mdu ndu
t57
156
Nguy0n Am
Translation Test: Write and say the following sentences in Vietnamese.
Repeat them several times to practice pronunciation.
My white shirt is very old.
I don't like black clothing.
Why did you go home so early?
-
Vowels
As we introduce the last sets ofyoriels'in Vietnamese, it
of
becomes more and more difficulf t6 try to give examples
similar sounds in English* ,,Maity of the vowel sounds in
Vietnamese, especially complgx vowols, simply don't exist-in
English. The best way to 'fractice these sounds is by
listlening to the CDs, your teacher, or any other Vietnamese
speake{ and trying'to recreate the sound as closely as
possilbe.
I went to the market to buy apair of black shoes.
oa
like the wa tfiwater
Why didn't you go to work yesterday?
uo
u+o
oi
o+ i
ua
u*a
ua
u +,a
uo1
u+6+i .
uoi
ufo*i
She bought a
newwhite car today.
He is wearing a green hat.
They went to'the coffee shop to meet their friends.
This new book is for you.
':
oa and u6 areused as final consonants, and are also followed
by final consonants. All the other vowels in this lesson are
final sounds.
158
Listening Exercise
Pronunciation Exercises
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the vowel sound oa.
Write the syllables
1. hoa h6a hga
2. tdt t6a tga
3. soan
4. doin doan tloin
so6n
e.g. l.
6. thoit tho4t
5. hogt ho6t
as
n6i
you hear ther{ in the blank spaces.
1.,
n
',,
L.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1. buiit thuQt luQc cu6c tutit ctruQt
7.
8.
2. mu6m hudng tuiing cuQn du6ng
9.
10.
11.
12.
Listen and repea! the following syllables containing the final vowel
13.
14.
sounds oi,uaandua.
15.
16.
17.
18.
L9.
20.
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the vowel sound zd.
1. mrri girft c0i phoi tqi s0i roi
2. cua
lfa thua bira diia lBa
3. nira bfta sira chua lira cua
Listen and repeat the following syllables containing the final vowel
sounds u6i androi.
1.
mutii cutii nudi chuiii mu6i tu6i cudi
2.
tucri buffi mutri curi,i
lufi
buoi
Lesson 7
More food and drink, eating, flavors, yet/not yet
163
t'*"
'
'
Lesson
BiLi 7
"
Tir vgng
,
*'j
Vo;csbulurv
food
thric dn; thqc phAm
,d
com
E,
.!
cpoked rice
cOm trang
white rice
g?o
uncooked rice
rau, cir
vegetables
trhi cdy
fruit
nu6c trrli c0y
t
muc uong
fruit juice
beverage
nu6c nggt
soft drink
s6i
salad
thit
meat
ch
fish
cua
crab
tOm
shrimp
muc
squid
hdi s6n
seafood
thft gd
chicken meat
thit bd
beef
thit heo
pork
tnmg
EOO
-t)b
165
164
d
tnmg
gi
t6i
chicken egg
(c:di) td
bowl
rare
(cdi) ch6n
small
\owl {or sauces
t
vtra
medium
lAu
chin
cooked, well done
xlro
tuoi
fresh
song
raw
,i
hap
steamed
muol
A.
salt
luQc
boiled
ducrng
sugar
nufng
grilled, barbecue
dessert
dft ld
baked
foods made from flour, like
(trdi) cdcfuia
tomato
cake, cookies, or pastries
(cfi)hinh
onion
bSnh mi
bread, sandwich
(ctt)khoait6'Y
potato
(cdi) ffia
plate
(trdi) chanh
lime
(cdi)ly
glass
(cil) tbi
garlic
(cdi)lon
can
(cil) simg
ginger
(cdi) chai
bottle
(trdi) ot
chili
@dfl dna
chopstick
tuong
chili
@6) dna
pair of chopsticks
nu6c tucrng, xi dAu
soy sauce
dirng
to use
mam
fish Paste
ding tlf,a
to use chopsticks
nudc mim
fish sauce
(cal) muong
spoon
(b)ng) c6i xanh
brocolli
(cdi) rfia
fork
".
ffang
(bong1 cal
cauliflower
(con) dao
knife
dfu que
green beans
<16
trdng miQng
bAnh
'.1,
chi6n
<rt
.
j
i"
\otirot
,,r, ot.o
,. 'i
deep fried
i{
sauce
166
167
rau xd liich
lettuce
ttguui phuc vu
waiter, waitresso sorvcr
rau muong
water morning glory
d6i bung, d6i
hunsrv
fried spring rolls
klr/rt; kh6t nu6c
thilsty
fresh spring rolls
llo
chd gid
gol cuon
^
"'l
t r
t..
I
i' full
!,
14
min
salty
clttta
ngQt
sweet
c6... bao gid chua?
have you ever...?
chua
sour
ttli chua bao gio...
I haven't ever. . ..
-:,
dang
bitter
vin
still
nhat
bland
rit
very
dAu md
oily
"that a!"
"oh really!"
cay
spicy
ngon
delicious
dd, to
bad, not delicious
m6n dn
dish
bria 5n
meal
goi m6n 5n
to order food
6n thri, n6m thir
to taste, to try food
cho
to give
chri
certainly
m6n dn ViQt Nam
Vietnamese food
m6n 6n Nhdt
Japanese food
m6n 6n nu6c ngodi
foreign food
phUc vU
service
'6.yef,'not yet
168
169
Ngfi
phfp - Grammar
hq dn comchua?
cho
In chapter 6 we learned about ,,cho,'as a preposition. In
this chapter, we learn how to use,,cho,, u, u lra.b, which
means "to give".
e.g. cho t6i mQt dia chi gio
didtheY eatYet?
When answering questions containirCg "bfraa",it is also
used as a negative answer meaning "hot yet". It precedes the
rnain verb, however in inforyrral st'eech the verb is often
omitted.
| .
r'i!
,[. .,
e.g. A: Ban
dn ccrm chua?
Did you eat yet?
B: Chm (dn).
Not yet.
:
give me aplate of fried spring rolls
anh Nam cho chi Hucrng mQt c6i 6o so mi mdu d6:
Nam gave Hucmg a red shirt
:
In positive responses, the speaker will usually use the
active verb in the questiovl t "r6i" . Again, the active verb is
often omitted in informal speech
da
e.g. A: B4n
In chapter 6 we learned about using ,,d€,, to show the
pu{pose of an action. o'dA, is also used to show the purpose
or function of an object, similar to the word "for" inEnglish.
e.g. cu6n s6ch ndy dtng d€ h1c ti6ng Viqt
:
mrly chgp hinh ding d€ c?rtphinh :
a camera is used for taking pictures
e.g.
ban hi6u chua?
:
do you understand yet?
"have not ... yet".
e.g.
:
xe buyt chua d6nb6n xe
the bus hasn't arrived at the bus station yet
t6i chua di ngir
chwu
"chlra" is an adverb that functions like the word
Do you understand Yet?
(Hi0u) rrii.
Yes (I understand alreadY).
It is also used to create negative statements, similar to
this book is used for studying Vietnamese
questions.
B:
hii5u chua?
o.yet,,
in
cd
*
:
verb
I haven't gone to bed yet
*
bao gid chwu?
This question structures functions the same as "have you
ever * verb" in English.
t71
.
170
e.g.
b4n c6
:
[n m6n
khhng buo gid
dn ViQt Nam bao gid chua?
have you ever eaten Vietnamese food?
b4n c6xem phim niry bao gid chm? :
have you ever seen this film?
I
\.
"I have
This structure also means "I havgn't ever" or
speaker wants to .
!lcver", but only in situations whep the
because they don't
inclicate that they haven't d0.r1b something
i.
v4
tr
wernt to.
t
t
As shown before, a negative response will usually just
contain the word "chLte".
e.g. A: Ban c6 dn m6n dn ViQt Nam bao gio
Have you ever eaten Vietnamese food?
Chua (dn).
Not yet.
B:
and a positive response
verb + t'r6i".
e.g. A: B4n
B:
chua?
will usually just be the active
c6 xem phim ndy bao gid chua?
Have you ever seen this film?
Xem r6i.
Yes (I've seen it already).
chwa buo
e.g. A: B4n
B:
Have You ever seen this film?
Kh6ng. Tdi kh6ng bao gid xem phim
No. I haven't ever seen this film'
e.g. t6i chuca bao gid di Da LAt :
I haven't ever been to DdLat
t6i chua bao gid 5n m6n dn ViQt Nam :
I haven't ever eaten Vietnamese food
niy
that they
In this case, the speaker would be indicating
that they don't want
have never seen the fil* d"t to the fact
is
to. po*tlUty they think it will be boring, or there
don't like' or
something or someone in the film they
something along these lines'
"kh6ng bao gid'also means "never"'
e.g.
tdi kh6ng bao gid thirc dPY s6m
:
I never wake uP earlY
gid
This strucfure is similar to "I haven't ever" or "I have
never" in English.
c6 xem phim ndy bao gio chua?
or in answer to a question:
e.g. A: Ban mu6n di u6ng bia v6i chring t6i I'h6ng?
B:
Do You want to go drink beer with us?
Kh6ng. T6ikh6ng bao gidu6ng bia'
No. I never drink beer'
172
1
HQi Tho4i
I -
Conversation
€,
1',73
-..
HQi Tho4i
1
2-
Conversation
r
2
t''
^t
Ngudi phuc vp: Chdo 6ng. Ong ryu6n goi m6n dn gi 4?
Ducrng: 416, Ducrng nghe.
Hello, this is Ducrng.
Hello sir. What wou"ldyou like to order?
!^
Thanh: Chdo anh Ducrng, Thdnh ddy. Anh dang ldm gi
Kh6ch
vfly? Anh dn ccrm chua?
hdng:
14
Cho t6i ba m6n.'ti6i'gA, thft heo nu6ng, vd
16u
hii
s6n.
Hi Duong, this is Thinh. What are you doing? Have
Give me three dishes. Chicken salad, barbecued pork,
you eaten yet'i
and seafood hotpot.
Duong: Chua. Anh dang d6i bqng 6md6y!
Ngudi phgc vg: LAu
Not yet. I'm really hungry!
Thanh: Em vd m6t nguoi
b4n s6 dn corn d nhd cria em.
Kh6ch
you come?
Thanh: Ph6i. Em n6u chi gid thit heo, rau mu6ng xdo t6i,
vd bd tdi chanh.
What would you like to drink?
Kh6ch
glory with garlic, and rare beef with lime.
Ducrng: ROl. A*r g{p em khoing ba muoi phirt nta
Thanh: Dp, du-o. c.
Yes, all right.
you in about 30 minutes.
hdng:
Cho t6i mQt ly nu6c tr6i cdy
vi
hai lon bia.
Give me a glass of fruit juice and two cans of beer.
Nguoi phgc vg: Ong c6 mu6n dirng ccrm tring khdng?
Would you like to have rice?
Yes. I'm cooking pork spring rolls, fried morning
see
Cho t6i lAu caY.
Ngudi phqc vg: Ong u6ng gi?
phii kh6ng?
Certainly! You're cooking, right?
All right. I'll
hdng:
Give me the hotpot sPicY.
My friend and I are going to eat at my house. Can
ndu dn,
san cay hay ld kh6ng cay?
Would you like the seafood hotpot spicy or not?
Anh d6n duoc khdng?
Duong: Dugc chril Em
hii
Kh6ch
hdng:
C6. Cho t6i ba ch6n
ccnn trhng-
Yes. Give me three small bowls of rice-
C6u
V[n -
l7l
. ),.
B,: I ot no ror.
114
Sentences
I'm full.
l.
A:
A: Ban 5n ccrm chua?
CO 6y kh6ng
She doesn't like,Thai f6od because itos too apiey,
Have you eaten yet?
B: T6i kh6ng thich m6nadn Tiilng Qu6c vi n6 rrhlAu
I.
B: I or an com rol.
ddu
I've eaten already.
C: Anh 6y 6n thich m6n 6n Nh4t
I haven't eaten yet.
thich 6n cd
raw fish.
A: Ban mu5n dn gi?
D:
What do you want to eat?
B: Tdi muon
^- dn mon an ViQt.
A-
C: Tdi muon dn ccrm
v6i thit bd
A:
nucrng.
B:
Are you hungry?
TOi kh6ng bitit dirng dfra.
I don't know how to use choPsticks'
B: B4n d6i (bung) chua?
C: Tdi bi6t.
Are you hungry yet?
Yes,I know how'
-,. '!
ol dor
lam.
^^.
6.
I'm not hungry.
Bpn bii5t dtng dfra kh6ng?
Do you know how to use choPsticks?
A: B4n d6i (bung) kh6ng?
D: T6i kh6ng d6i.
[n ViQt, nhrmg md t6i kh6ng thich
I like Vietnamese food, but I don't like fish
I want to eat rice with grilled beef.
I'm very hungry.
TOi thich 6n m6n
nu6c mim.
I want to eat Vietnamese food.
I
anh 5y
He likes to eat Japanese food because he likes to eat
Not yet.
C:
vi
song.
D. Chua.
3.
md.
I don't like Chinese food because it's very oily'
C. Tdi chua 6n cor4.
2.
thich m6n ad Th6i Lan vl n6 cey qu*-
A:
Ban co 5n dugc m6n [n nudc ngodi kh6ng?
Can you eat foreign food?
sauce'
176
177
B:
Ban bitit an m6n dn nu6c ngodi kh6ng?r
t0.
A:
'B4n
Can you eat foreign food?
C: T6i khdng dn m6n 5n M!
I can't
I
7.
A:
What do you want to
B:
dugc
eat American food.
D: T6i kh6ng
br5n
12.
A:
A.
B:
m6n 6n rdi.
9.
A:
13.
A:
it's very salty.
B:
I don't eat meat.
M6n 6n cv nhir hdng d6 rAt ngon.
The food atthatrestaurant is very delicious'
C: M6n 6n d nhd hdng d6 kh6ng
TOi kh6t qu6.
TOi kh6t nu6c l6m.
M6n 5n o nhd hdng d6 c6 ngon kh6ng?
Is the food at that restaurant delicious?
I'm very thirsty.
B:
T6i 6n o d6 r6i.
I haven't eaten there Yet.
C: Vi t6i khdng 5n thit.
Because
B4n c6 dn d nhd hdng d6 bao gid chua?
C: T6i chua bao gio 6n o d6.
Why don't you like to eat this?
Because
udng gi. , fOi cnili nrat.
I've eaten there alreadY.
Tpi sao b4n kh6ng thfch 5n m6n dn ndy?
B. Vi n6 m{n qu6.
,
Have you ever eaten atthat restaurant?
He ordered four dishes already.
8.
,,.
I won't drink anything. I'm not thirsty yet.
can't eat spicy food.
Anh 6y gqi
,
Tdi *rr6tt u6ng nu6c ttgPt.
C: T6i khong
bi€t an cay.
C6 6y eqim6n 6n chua?
drink?
I want to drink a W& drihk.
Has she ordered food yet?
B:
mu6n u6ng gi?
ngon lim.
The food atthat restaurant isn't very delicious.
14.
A:
Cho t6i mQt ly nu6c tr6i cdY'
Give me a glass of fruit juice.
I'm very thirsty.
B:
Cho t6i hai dia thit heo chua nggt.
Give me two plates of sweet and sour pork.
t
In Vietna-ese, the phrase "TOi biiit dn..:',or "I know how to eat" is
synonymous with
"I
can eat..."
178
179
C:
Cho tdi mQt dia gd h6p gung.
Itt.
Give me a plate of steamed chicken with ginger.
15.
This fruit is sweet.
Yes. I went out with my friends already.
d6u mO.
t9.
Cho t6i mQt ly cd ph6.
B: Em chua bao gid xem phim ndy.
I haven't seen this film yet.
Cho tdi mQt chaibia.
C: Em kh6ng bao gio xem phim ndY.
Give me a bottle of beer.
I have never seen this film.
Cho t6i cdy vi6t vd mQt to gi6y.
l.
D: b,m xem ror.
Give me a pen and a sheet of paper.
17.
A:
Anh cho
cO
dy cdi gi?
Anh cho c6 6y mQt 6o
scr
Anh cho c6 6y
I gave
D:
sO
mi mdu den.
Clen thoai cua anh.
her my telephone number.
TOi kh6ng cho c6
6y c6i gt.
I didn't give her anything.
seen
it already.
A. Ccrm dirng d0
an.
Rice is used to eat.
I gave her a black shirt.
C:
I have
20.
What did you give her?
B:
A: Em c6 xem phim ndy bao gio chua?
Have you ever seen this film?
Give me a glass of coffee.
C:
'
Trdi cdy ndy ngot.
Fried potatoes are very oily.
B:
,
Not yet. I'm still stfudl'ying.
.: " ,4^
Rdi. Ch! di choi voi bafi ctri iOi.
C: Khoai tdy chi€n nhi6u
A:
v6i b4n chi chua?
B: Chua. Ch! vdn dang hgc
Soy sauce is salty.
16.
chcvi
Did you go out with your friends yefi?
A: Nu6c tucrng mdn.
B:
A: Chi di
B. Nu6c dung dti rr6ttg.
Water is used to drink.
C. SSch dirng dt!dqc.
A book is used to read.
180
/
2.
Exercises
181
ir
Vietnamese'
Respond to the following questions and statements in
l)ractice speaking and writing.
l.
Write and say the following sentences in English. Repeat the
l.
Ban bitit n6u dn
kh6ng?
t
i
Vietnamese phrases several times to practice pronunciation.
d
B4n c6 di d5n ViQt Nam bao gid chua?
Chring t6i kh6ng bi6t dirng ilfla.
TOi thucrng dn trua o nhd hdng Th6i Lan
thich dn m6n dn cay.
vi tdi rOt
Ban bir5t 6n m6n 5n nu6c ngoiri kh6ng?
Ngudi phuc vu chua d6n bdn ctra ho.
B4n noi duoc ti6ng Viet chua?
Cho t6i mQt dia khoai tdy chiOn.
Write the question that should precede these answers'
C6 ay di chg d6 mua tr6i cdy.
T6i chua bao gid dn m6n dn Nh4t.
Chua. CO ay chua bao gio di nu6c ngoirt'
Tdi phii udng nu6c vi tdi khrit nu6c qu6.
Kh6ng. T6i kh6ng bitit an m6n dn cay.
B4n c6 dn m6n 5n ViQt Nam bao gid chua?
J.
Cd 6y ndu [n rdt ngon.
TOi thich 6ntrhi cdy
vi tr6i cdy nggt.
lE3
182
I'r.'nslation
Test 7
l(Lrgrcat
test: Write and say the following
them several times to practice
scntcnes6 ln
pronunciation'
i
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary
Vletnang5'
.
,ir*
I
Do You like Vietnamese f,ood?
I
:-,
Vocabulary
1.
2.
fresh
knife
J.
deep fried
4.
a cay
b kh6t
c. tuoi
d. ngon
e. con dao
t. cal muong
g. cho
h. phuc vu
1. Van
5.
spicy
sour
6.
thirsty
1.
give
8.
fork
9.
spoon
10.
still
j.
11.
service
delicious
l.
t2.
chua
k. crii nia
chi6n
Food
Sh. do--rt't eat meat.
I can't
pork
fruit
chili pepper
tomato
salt
bread
vegetable
potato
seafood
a. thit
b. tr6i c.ay
c. muol
d. rau
e. hii sin
f. nu6c tucrng
g. trhi cd chua
h. thit heo
i. khoai t6y
j. b6nh mi
k.
oft
'i'
eat foreign food.
t huu. never been to Hanoi'
Are you thirstY Yet?
I really like fresh vegetables'
MtE6d tt"*'t
soy sauce
meat
,i'
f aon't t
"ow
ffiobuy
arrived at the bus station yet'
how to use choPsticks'
fruit, Pork, andrice'
184
Nguy6n f,m
-
Vowels
In this chapter we'll introduce the last sets of complex
vowels in vietnamese, and a few unique exceptions. af the
vowels in this section have very limited ,rt. in vietnamese,
and so instead of full exercises, we'll just show a few real
examples and practice those.
ue
uu
HuG 1a city in Vietnam)
.i
nue leven)
huQ (tity)
thu0 (to rent)
cila
Hfru (a name)
u01r
other exceptions
ruqu
(sheep)
c{ru (to help)
buu tliQn (post ffice)
(alcohol)
kh6e (to be welt)
huou cao c6 (giraffe) khuya (Noon)
khuj.u (etbow)
khudy Qo stir)
gtri (to send)
Now that you know the Vietnamese alphabet and the
rules that it follows, the best way to continue practicing your
pronunciation skills is to speak vietnamese. use the
exercises from the
chapters to help you sharpen
-previous
pronunciation of different
vowel and consonant sounds, and
practice the conversations and sentences in this book but
most impofiantly, speak Vietnamese as much as possible!
tr
Bdi
187
".-,
Lesson
8
Tir vqng
t-
I
y'ocabfularv
I
....trOng nhu th6 ndo?
.
...trdng (nhu ld). ..
what does.... look like?
.14
0...
tooks (like)...
thdn th6, co thii
body
xinh dep, dep
beautiful (only for women)
dgp trai
handsome (only for men)
d6 thucrng
cute
to con, 16n con
big (body)
cao
tall
.t
thap
A
short
yeu
weak, unhealthy
khoe m4nh
strong, healthy
map
fat
mflm rnim
chubby
minh mai
slim
om, gay
thin, skinny
h6i
bald
trfn
forehead
t6c
hair
t6c thing, t6c su6ng
straight hair
t6c qudn, t6c xodn
curly hair
r89
188
l6ng
body hair
trg6n tay
finger
mht
eye
nrong tay
fingernail
l6ng mdy
eyebrow
chin
1"g I
l6ng mi
eyelash
bin chdn
mfri
nose
ng6n chdn
miQng
mouth
rn6ng ch6n
m6i
lips
oau gol
knee
ria mdp
moustache
dili
thigh
rdu
facial hair
da
skin
rdu quai n6n
beard
dlc
brain
^J cam
rau
goatee
n6i tang
innards
cam
chin
lAn
times, occurences
rdng
tooth, teeth
...m6y lAn?
how many times?
tai
ear
rua
to clean, to wash
co
neck
rbatay
to wash your hands
vai
shoulder
rbabht ffia
to wash dishes
nguc
chest
giat d6; giflt qu0n rlo
to wash clothing
hmg
back
ldm vQ sinh nhd cua
to clean house
eo
waist
lau sdn
to mop the floor
h6ng
hip
-).
^. oau
g9r
to wash hair
d4 ddy, bao tu
stomach
cao
to shave
cinhtay
aIIn
c4o
bdn tay
hand
(cdi) luoc, (cdy) luqc
A
.l
o,'
!,
A.
riu
foot
.f4
'u
foo'
toenail
to shave a beard
a comb
190
chii t6c, chii
dAu
thm
,!
to take a bath, shower
d6nh rdng
to brush teeth
xd b6ng, xd phdng
soap
,l
-l
^. dau
dau gol
shampoo
kem d6nh rdng
toothpaste
bi
-
Grammar
bathe, shower
-.
or
tam
c6
Ngfr ph6p
to comb hair
sao khdng?
What's the matter?, Is
something wrong?
cdn bQnh
disease
bi b0nh
to be sick
chm
cold (illness)
bi cim
to have a cold
bQnh crim
flu, influenza
bi crim
to have the flu
kh6e m4nh
to be healthy, to be strong
b6c si
doctor
di kh6m bQnh
to go to see the doctor
thur5c
drug, medicine
t.,i
uong tnuoc
to take medicine
nhd thu5c, hi6u thu6c
pharmacy
t{
nhiiu
t
You have probably noti,ced,"nhlt?al" used a few times
this book aheady,but now it ne6ds to be explained a bit
lirrther. "nhi\u" works as an intesifier when following verbs,
similar to "rdt" afid"ldm", however it is not used with
adjectives. It's English equivalent would be "very much", or
"a lot".
e.g.
:
thank you very much
c6m crn nhiiu
he talks a lot
arlr- dy n6i nhi6u
:
In many cases "nhiiu" wlllbe precede dby "rdt" or
followed by "ldm" to even further intensify the emotion'
e.g.
:
thank you very much
c6m crn ,At nhii,
he talks a lot
anh 6y n6i nhiiu tdm
:
"nhi€u" also precedes classifiers and nouns' with
meaning similar to "many", or "a lot".
e.g.
{
,
+r
"
'.;
nguol song 0 oay
co nhi€u
a
:
many people live here
A
i
'.:
nuOc
co^ ay uong nFtteu
:
she drank alot of water
dt5n d6
nhiiu tan rOi :
I've gone there manY times alreadY
r92
anh 6y mua nhi€u
193
"
ciri citvat :
1-
HQi Tho4i
Conversation
1
he bought many neckties
"nhi€u" can be preceded by ,,rdt, with nouns
,.) nguoi
e.g. co, rat: nhi€u
s6ng
o ddy :
many people live here
lloa:
bi bpnh
nhiiu
nuoc
ldm
:
she drank alot of water
manh
anh dy tr6ng khoe manh
anh 6y khoe
h6?
,4
.l
,,r
khoe' Chi
I
Yeah. I'm not very well todaY.
lloa:
Chi bi bQnh gi?
What illness do You have?
Chi bi cirm
vdL
dd kh6ng ldm viQc dugc ba ngdy r6i'
I have the flu and I haven't been able to work for
"tr6ng" is a verb which means ,,to look at,, ot o.to look,,,
as in "you look tired". It can precede or follow the subject.
e.g. tr6ng
HOm nay tr6ngrchi kh6ng
l)iQu: U. H6m nay chi kh6ng kh6e l5m.
l)i6u:
tr6ng
oi!
DiQul You don't look wqll to$4}l. Are you sick?
or with "ldm" in the final position of the sentence
c6 6y u6ng
Chi Diqu
:
:
three days alreadY.
Hoa:
"tr6ng" is also commonly used with the word cluster
"cd v6". When "tr6ng" precedes the the subject, the subject
is placed between "tr6ng" and,,c6 vd,,. Whinthe subject
is
placed first, it is followed by ,,tr6ng c6 vd,,.
e.g. tr6ng m6n dn niry c6 vd ngon :
this food looks delicious
m6n dn nity tr6ng c6 vd ngon :
this food looks delicious
oi!
Chi udng thu6c chua?
Oh my God! Have you taken medicine yet?
he looks strong
he looks stron!
Troi
DiQu:
Chua. Chi kh6ng biet uOng thu6c gi.
Not yet. I don't know what medicine to take'
Hoa:
Sao chi chua di kh6mbQnh?
Why haven't you gone to the doctor yet?
DiQu: Vi chi sg b5c si 16m!
Because
Hoa:
I'm afraid of doctors!
Di kh6m bQnh di chi! Drmg lo, em sE ili vdi chi
Go to the doctor! Don't worry,
I 'll
go with you'
t94
t95
HQi Tho4i
2-
Conversation
2
Cffu
Vln -
Sentences
!i
Yoshio: Chi Linda, m6t nguoi bpn cira em n6i ld anh 6y
A:
CO 5y tr6ng nhu th6
ndo?
I
I
dang hoc ti6ng ViQt cr)ng lcrp v6i chi
What does she
{4
Linda, one of my friends said that he's studying
B: CO Ay thAp vd c6 t6a
Vietnamese in the same class as you.
Linda:
ThC he?
Anh 6y
lookilike?
She is short and has long hair.
tOn ld gi?
C. CO 6y tr6ng mdnh mai vd dPP
Really? What's his name?
D. C6 ay r6t d6 thucrng.
His name is John. Do you know him?
She is very cute.
Anh 6y tr6ng nhu th6 ndo? Lcrp cria chf c6 ba ngudi
A: Ban c6 bi sao kh6ng?
t6n ld John.
Is something the matter with You?
What does he look like? My class has three people
B: Toi bi bOnh.
named John.
I'm sick.
Yoshio: Anh 6y cao lim vd c6 t6c ngEn mdu ndu.
C: T6i (bi) dau rdng.
He's very tall and has short brown hair.
Linda:
I have
Anh 5y mflp hay 6m?
I have a headache.
Yoshio: Anh 6y kh6ng m6p lim, nhrmg md to con.
E: Tdi (bi) dau bung l6m.
He's not too fat, but he has a big body.
I have
A, chibiCt rOi. Anh 6y ld nguoi M!, phdi khdng?
F:
Ah, I know now. He's American, right?
Yoshio: Phei. Ve anhhy n6inhi6ul6m!
Right. And he talks a lot!
a toothache.
D: Toi (bi) dau dAu.
Is he fat or thin?
Linda:
lim.
She looks slim and very PrettY'
Yoshio: Anh 6y t€n ld John. Chi bitit anh 6y kh6ng?
Linda:
d&i. " '
a bad stomachache.
T6i kh6ng sao.
There's nothing the matter with me.
3.
A:
Anh
sE
di mua xd phong vd ddu gQi ddu d ctra hdng.
I'm going to buy
soap and shampoo at the shop.
t96
l9?
B:
C6 6y dCnnhd thu6c d6 mua thu6c.
CO ay ldm
She went to the pharmacy to buy medicine.
C: Anh 6y di khrlm bQnh vi bi dau r16u.
She cleans her house every weekeud'
A: Ding xi
He went to the doctor because he has a headache.
D: Khi
bi bQnh t6i u6ng thu6c.
A:
Em xem phim ndy ba tan rOl.
I've
B:
seen this
B:
C:
mQt ngdy hai l6n.
A:
mQt tuOn ba lAn.
B:
Last year he went to Hd NQi four times.
5.
A:
Tdi rbatay tru6c khi dn ccrm.
I wash my hands before I eat.
B:
Anh 6y dithm, c4o rdu, vd d6nh rlng sau khi thric
dOy.
He takes a shower, shaves, and brushes his teeth
after he wakes up.
chii t6c.
like she's sick.
Tr6ng anhhy y6u16m.
He looks very unhealthY.
C:
He washes his clothes three times a week.
E: Ndm tru6c 6ng 6y di Hd N6i b6n lAn.
<16
Tr6ng c6 5y c6 v6 bi benh.
She looks
I take a shower two times a day.
D: Anh ey g&Ltd6
Dirng c6i lugc
Use a comb to comb Your hair.
She has come here many times already.
C: T6i di tlm
Dirng dAu gQi diu de'gQi ddl.
Use shampoo to wash Your hair'
film three times already.
C6 6y d6n ddy nhi6u lin r6i.
phdng tl6 rua taY.r
Use soap to washYour liands.
When I'm sick I take medicine.
4.
v0 sinh nhd cria m6i cu6i tuAn.
Anh tr6ng kh6e lfm.
You look very well.
D:
Ban tr6ng d5 thucrng qu6!
You look so cute!
d.-
198
2,
Exercises
b
Practice speaking and writing'
the
1. Write and say the following sentences in English' Repeat
Vietnamese phrases several times to practice pronunciation'
TOi d6nh rdng m6t ngdY ba
and statemffi€
Respond to the following questions
6n'
L
B4n tr6ng nhu th6 ndo?
,'l{
I
':d ,'u
mdY ldn?
B4n thucrng di tim mQt ngdY
B4n dirng c6i gi d6 rua taY?
nan tttich t6c ng[n haY ld t6c ddi?
gi?
Khi b4n bi benh bPn thuong ldm
B4n co bi sao kh6ng?
@nhnhi6ulAnroi.
precede these answers'
Write the question that should
T"i *t"tt Ai."- t tt6ng dugc vi h6m nay tr;i minh
phii lau nhd vd giflt quAn 6o'
Cd 6y di kh6m bOnh vi bi cim'
Ba" tttuong di tEm lirc mdY gio?
enn
aV t6c
H". dt
ving vd mit xanh
.hdfi;
da
trdi'
Kh6ng. T6ikh6ngbisao'
ddu gQi ddu, xd phong, vir lugc'
lAn'
Tdi thucrng ch6i toc mQt ngdy b6n
pl
200
Test
'l't.ilrrslation Test: Write and say the following sentenc€i ln ViCtRefn*:
I
practice pronunciation'
l{cpcat them several times to
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary
She has long legs.
1. shampoo a. d6 thuong
2. to take a shower b. miQng
a
J.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
t2.
to take medicine c. di tdm
d. cao
cute
e. bi bEnh
strong, healthy f. udng thu6c
g. xir phong
to brush
h. d6nh rdng
tall
i. t6c
fat
doctor
J. mul
k. khoe mpnh
mouth
soap
teeth
t4.
to wash
hair
body
15.
eye
13.
t.
iilutntn" dishes after I eat dinner'
@whenlhaveacold'
took a shower.
@sebeforehe
mOp
m. dAu gQi dAu
n. b6c si
o. mit
p. mdnh mai
q. thdn th6
r. rha
I *-b -Y hair three times a daY '
H"* m""y tt"*" u t"."k-ao you shave your beard?
flu'
I went t" the d".tor because I had the
e has a headache'
203
242
tL
Lesson I
Ag", p ersonali ty tr aitsI characteri sti c s, addre
towns and cities, distances, family terms,
occupations, how, who
sse
s,
20s
Lesson 9
9
Vobabfularv
Tir vgng
II
" age
tuOi
tu6it
ban m6y
fuwpft
are you?
ban bao nhi6u tu6i?
how old are you?
gie
old (people, animals,
plants, vegetation)
tr6, nh6, non
young
al
who, somebody
n6u...thi
if...then
nhu th6 nio
how
tlinh h6n
engaged
<linh h6n
v6i ai
to be engaged to somebodY
cu6i
marry, to get married
dQc thdn
single
thdn thiQn
friendly
tot
good, nice
lich
sU
uAt
[ch
polite
su
impolite, rude
thri vf, hay
interesting
ki6n nhdn
patient
nhiOu chuyQn
gossipy, nosy
206
n6i nhi6u
talkative
Ap
hamlet
tlQc rlc
cruel
bao xa
how
khtng, di6n, di6n khirng
qazy
c6ch
tq b6 separated, to be a
thdng minh
intelligent
i'
i.
stupid
mic cd
shy
rn6t
that thd
honest
ki
chdn thdnh, chdn thdt
sincere
dam
mile
ludi, ldm bitlng
lazy
gan
near
y6n l[ng, y6n tinh
t.
on ao
quiet
XA
far
noisy
b0n
busy
rinh
to be free, to have free time
dia chi
address
ducrng, phi5
street
thdnh ph6
city
quan
district (inner city)
huyQn
district (rural areas)
khu ph6
neighborhood
khu vuc
atea
thi tr6n
town (rural area)
thi xd
town (urban area)
ldng, th6n
village
meter
kilometer
m6t
Family
Gia tlinh
ddn 6ng
man
ddn bd, phr; nft
woman
ngudi lcrn
adult
tr6 em
child
em b6
baby
con c6i, con
child
con trai
son
con gdi
daughter
,l
{,
certain distance awaY from
14
*hornething
ngu
16
far,
cnong
husband
VO
wife
208
.i
bo
father
m9
mother
em
younger sibling
em trai
younger brother
em g6i
younger sister
anh
older brother
chi
older sister
6ng nQi
father's father
6ng ngopi
mother's father
bd nOi
father's mother
bd ngoai
mother's mother
b5c
mother or father's elder
brother (northern)
father's elder brother
(southern)
chri
father's younger brother
cdu
mother's younger brother
,
viec
gi6o vi6n
cOng
di
mother's sister
,i
:')
cO
iob
.
thAy gi5o, thdy
gi6o, c6
*6
tdacher, professor
male teacher, instructor
female teacher, instructor
gi6o su
professor
phong kh6m rdng
dentist's office
nha
dentist
sT
nhd doanh nghi€P, thucrng gia
business person
sinh viOn
college student
hqc sinh
primary school student
nhir vdn
writer
phi c6ng
pilot
ca si
singer
nh4c si
musician
nhd thi6t k6
designer
c6ng an
police officer
bQ
father's sister
,'-
,wliat's your oceupatlon?
lran l]rm ngh6 gi?
mother's elder or younger
co
=99
't
l
(northern)
brother (southern)
Occupatlonl
NghG nghiQP
dQi,linh
soldier
y tiL
nufse
tdi
driver
x.5
210
n6ng d6n
thu
kf
2ll
,
farmer
Ngfr ph6P
secretary
n6i tro
housewife
thAy tu
monk
thq mdy
mechanic
tho clttoc
barber, hairdresser
tho u6n t6c
hair stylist
ng6i sao tli6n 6nh
movie star
-
Grammar
, \'
,
n0u...thir
i
nam diSn vi0n
actor
nfr di6n vi6n
actress
nguoi chri
ownef
chri cria hdng
shop owner
chri c6ng ty
company owner
girlm t16c
director
nhdn vi€n
office worker,
"n€u...thi" is used to credL condigional sentences, just
like "if...then" in English. , *$. : '
e.g. n€utdibi benh thitdisd di kh5mbqnh
if I'm sick then I will go to see the doctor
,(
, ,r \,
\
,t
r i,- -r -*i rr-:-L
-LA di thdnh ph6
thi
c6 Ay sO
go
the
city
to
will
if H6ng has time then she
^ --l
Hong c6
ndu cO
'
thoi
gian
cdch
employee
nghd tU do
self employed
k! su
engineer
ngudi phi6n dfch
interpreter
nguoi bi6n dlch
translator
k6 cucrp
robber
kd tr6m
thief
"cdch" actually means "to be separated". It is also used
to tell distances from one point to another.
e.g.
:
nhd anh Phiem (6) cdch dOy ndm trdm m6t
Phiem's house is five hundred meters from here
tdi (d) cdch d6 hai ki
16
m6t
:
I'm two kilometers from there
:
Sdi Gon (6) cdch Huti khoeng mQt nghin ki 16 m6t
Sdi Gdn is about one thousand kilometers from Hu6
The verb
"d'is
optional.
2
212
gt
bao xu
"bao xo" is a final question particle which means "how
faf".
:
e.g. thi xd ctra ban c6ch ddY bao xa?
how far is Your town from here?
h6mnay anhhy dibaoxa?
how far did he go todaY?
nhw th6 ndo
"nhu th€ ndo" is a final question particle that means
"how".
:
e.g. c5i ndy noi bing ti6ng ViQt nhtt th€ ndo?
how do you say this in Vietnamese?
It is also used when asking about qualities or
characteristics.
e.g.
cO Ay
tr6ng nhu thd ndo?
I.',]
:
what does she look like?
:
anh ilyld ngudi nhu th€ ndo?
what kind of person is he?
OR what is he like?
phim ndy ldnhw thd ndo? :
how is this frlm? OR what is this film like?
*t
{Who"' ln enses
'oai" isa question particle which medns
pronoun! and,when $
ere the object of the sentence is n6t a
is not being made, 'o"Qi"'cancome at the beginning
;;;;;
or final position in the
e.g. gi6o vi€n
Phrasq'.
td
cua tr;i minh ld
!4
ai?
:
who is our teacher?
:
ai ld gthmtlOc c6ng tY ndY?
who is the director of this comPanY?
habit of
But be careful! The Vietnamese have the
by context' and
dropping pronouns when they are understood
position of "ai"
in some situations this means changing the
verb' thus
can cause it to become the object of another
Also in some situations'
;il;G the meaning completely'
o'ai" can cause the question to
;il;*; the position of
become comPlete nonsense'
e.g. aibi€t? :
who knows (you/this/that)?
(bqn)bi6t ai? : who (do You) know?
ai Ydu(ban) ? : who loves (You)?
(ban) YOu ai? : who (do You) love?
or when
When the object of the question is a pronoun'
come in the
creating possesive questions, "ai" must always
final position.
e.g. with a pronoun as the object of the question:
chi Ay ld ai?
:
who is-she?
214
215
e.g. when creating
a possesive
I -
HQi Tho4i
question:
Conversation
I
*:t
cudn s6ch d6 ld cria ai?
:
whose book is that?
When "ai" is the object of a verb, it can often mean both
"anybody" and "somebody" in questions when preceded by
the verb "c6".
Vy:
f
Anh Khucrng, Chir nhAlndy anh s6ldm gi?
Khucrng, what are yoii dolng""4this Sunday?
Khucrng: SSng Chtr nh4t anh Adn tnann ph6
Sunday morning
e.g. bdy gio c6 ai d vdn phdng kh6ng?
:
is there anybody in the office now?
OR
is there somebody in the office now?
v6i m9 anh.
I'm going to the city with my
mother.
Vy:
Vfly bu6i t6i thi sao? Gia dinh em mrr6n mdi anh
d6n nhd
choi. Anh r6nh L:h6ng?
So how about in the evening?
My family wants to
invite you to come to our house. Do you have time?
"kh6ng ei" or "kh6ng c6 ai,, means ..nobody',.
e.g. kh6ng aibi}t
kh6ng c6
:
Khucrng: Anh chua bi6t. Rnh chua bi6t khi ndo se v0
anh vd sdm thi sd gqi tliQn tho4i cho em nh6.
nobody knows
ai s6ngo ng6i nhd ndy
. N6u
I don't know yet. I don't know what time we'rs
:
nobody is living in this house
returning yet. If I return early I'11 call you.
Vy:
Vfly ctng dugc. Ggi cho em trudc s5u gid, dugc
khdng?
That's fine. Callme before six o'clock, okay?
Khucrng: Dugc
t6l. ettn
sE
ggi cho em tru6c s6u gio.
All right. I'll call you before six o'clock.
Vy:
Da dugc. Em sE chd diQn tho4i cria anh.
Fine. I'11wait for your call.
216
117
HQi Tho4i
2-
Conversation
HQi Tho4i
2
3-
Conversation
3
:l
Vy:
,{16,
Hoirng: Gia dinh cita ban c6 m6y nluoi?
Vy nghe.
Hello, this is Vy.
How many people a're'there in^your family?
'
Khucrng:Xin chdo Vy, Anh Khuong ddy. Anh
vC
Titin:
r6i.
ThC ha?
Anh c6 rdnh il6 d6n nhd em kh6ng?
Hodng: Bd ctra ban ldm ngh0 gi?
Khucrng: C6 chri! Dfa chi nhd em s6 mdy?
What is Your father's occuPation?
16
My father is a police officer, he works in Tdn Binh
t|mducrng An Ducrng
Vucrng.
district.
My address is two zero eightAn Duong Vucrng
St.
Hodng: Cdn me ctra ban thi
Khucrng: O qufln mdy vdy em?
Ti6n:
O qupn ndm. Khi ndo thi anh d6n d6y?
It's in district five. When are you coming here then?
Khuong: Khoing hai ti6ng nfia. Anh
khi
t16n nhd em,
sO
di nghi m6t klt tru6c
b6y gio anh bu6n ngir qu5.
In about two more hours. I'm going to rest before I
go to your house, I'm really sleepy now.
Vy:
VQy cflng
That's fine.
duqc. Hai ti6ng nfra em sd gdp anh .
I'll
see
sao?
And what about Your mother?
What district is it in?
Vy:
eO tOi ld c6ng an, ldm viQc o qu4n Tdn Binh'
Titin:
Yes, certainly. What's your address?
Dia chi nhd em ld hai
vi t6i'
brother, and mYself.
Really? Do you have time to come to my house?
Vy:
ngudi.
There are four people. My parents' my younger
Hello Vy, this is Khucrng. I came back already.
Vy:
Co b6n
etl
gO mitOi;ejm trai t6i,
M9 t6i ld nhdn vi6n vin Phdng'
My mother is an office worker'
Hoirng:
COng tY ctra bd aY 0 ddu?
Where is her comPanY?
Titln:
O ducrng L6
Loi, qu4n nh6t'
On LO Loi St., in district one'
Hoirng: Em trai ctra b4n ldm gi?
What does Your Younger brother do?
you in two hours.
Em t6i
li hqc sinh. Em t6i nho 16m.
218
219
He's a student. He's very young.
Cffu
Vin -
Sentences
Hodng: Con ban thi sao? B4n ldm gi?
What about you? What do you do?
Ti6n:
TOi ld sinh
vi6n. T6i mu6n ldm k!
t.
su.
k! su. T6i mu6n
\''
A: Gia dinh cira bgn c6 mdy rlguoi?
How many people diO'jn your family?
"
,'4
anh trai, hai em g6i vd
B: C6 s6u ngudi. Bd m9,
I'm a university student. I want to be an engineer.
Hodng: Tdi cfrng vdy, t6i cfing ld sinh vi6n, nh.mg t6i kh6ng
mu5n ldm
,'
r
"nOt
t6i.
ldm nhd doanh nghiQp.
Six people. My father and mother, one older
Me too, I'm also a student, but I don,t want to be an
brother, two younger sisters, and myself.
engineer. I want to be a businessperson.
C. C6 b6n
ngudi. Vg t6i, m6t con trai,
mQt con g6i, vir
t6i.
Four people. My wife, one son, one daughter, and
myself.
2.
A: B4n bao nhi6u tu6i?
How old are you?
B: T6i ba muoi mtit tu6i.
I am thirty-one years old.
C: Ch6ng cira bpn bao nhiOu tu6i?
How old is your husband?
D: Ch6ng ctra t6i bl5n muoi m6t tu6i.
My husband is forty-one years old.
3.
A: Em m6y tu6i?
How old are you?
B: Em biy tu6i.
I'm
seven years old.
221
220
C: Con g6i cta ban
A: Nhd ban o dulng ndo?
miy tu6i?
What street is Your house on?,
How old is your daughter?
B: Nhd t6i o ducrng niY.
D: Con gdi t6i t6m tuOi.
C:
A: Chi ldm gi?
"n
Nhd t6i o ducrng Ngdf6n Du'
MY house is on NguY6n Du street'
What do you do?
. A: Nhe t6i 0 gan ddv.
B: Chi ldm nghd gi?
MY house is near here'
What is your profession?
C: Chi le (mQt) nha
B: Nhd t6i kh6ng d gan ddY'
sT.
MY house is not near here'
I am a dentist.
5.
). A: Thi xd cira tdi o xa ddY lim'
A: Dia chi ctra anh ld gi?
MY town is very far from here'
What is your address?
B: Dia chi cria t6i
ld22l
ducrng Nguy6n
Thi Minh
B:
addres s
is 221Nguy6n Thi Minh Khai Street,
10. A:
A: Nhd chi
sO
mdy?
B:
C: Vdn phdng
My house is number 15, Trdn NhQt DuQt Street,
Hodn Ki6m District, He NQi (city).
16
m6t'
ctra c6
6y chchctdy n6m trdm m6t'
Her office is five hundred meters from here'
B: Nhd t6i ld sO 15, ptrO tran Nhflt Duflt, Qufln Hodn
Ki6m, Thdnh pnO Ua Ngi.
Vdn phdng cfia cO aV (d) c6ch diy t6m ki
Her office is eight kilometers from here'
What number is your house?
(What is your address?)
Vdn phong c6 Ay (0) chchddy bao xa?
How far is her office from here?
District 5, HO Chi Minh City.
6.
Thi x6 ctra t6i kh6ng o xa ddY lim'
MY village is not very far from here'
Khai, Qufin 5, Thdnh PnO UO Chi Minh.
My
t
MY house is on tltis"stt"t''
My daughter is eight years old.
4.
,
11. A:
l6mki
Thi xd cuabdngopi t6i c6chHdNOibamuoi
16 m6t.
222
223
My grandmother's village is thirty-five kilometers
B: D6 ld bd ngoai cira t6i.
from Hd NQi.
That's my grandmother.
Nhd anh dy 6 cilchbuu rliQn thanh ph6 mQt ki
C: T6i kh6ng Uitit
16
mdt.
15.
Phan Thi6t c6ch thdnh ptrO uO Chi Minh mOt trdm
ViQt
He's engaged to a Vietnamese woman.
A: Ban c6 vo chua?
C: Anh 6y tlinh hdn
Do you have a wife yet?
B: Chua c6. T6i v5n dQc th6n.
v6i chi ghi ctnbpn tdi.
He's engaged to my friend's older sister.
16.
Not yet. I'm still single.
A: N6u t6i c6 duoc m6t c6ng viQc t6t thi t6i s6lfp gia
dinh.
C: Chua c6, nhrmg md dfnh h6n r6i.
If I get a good job, then I'll start a family.
Not yet, but I'm engaged.
B: N6u t6i lap gia dinh, thi t6i mu6n c6 mdt con trai vd
A: Ban c6 lap gia dinh chua?
mOt con g6i.
Do you have a family yet? OR Are you married yet?
If I have a family, then I want one son and one
B. T6i dA l4p gia dinh.
daughter.
I have a family already. OR I,m married already.
C: Ntiu t6i c6 con g6i, thi t6i mu6n con t6i ldm b6c si.
6m!
Not yet. I'm still very young!
14.
nt ngudi
Nam.
Hd Chi Minh City.
C: Chua. T6i v6n nho
A. Anh trai cfia ban tlinh h6n vdi ai?
B: Anh 6y dinh h6n v6i m6t ngudi phq
Phan Thitit is one hundred eighty kilometers from
13.
"*
Who is your older brother engaged to?
t6m muoi ki 16 m6t.
t2.
'
ta ai.r
I don't know who that is.
His house is one kilometer from the city post office.
C:
CO
,
I
A: Nguoi ttdn bd 116ld ai?
Who is that woman?
If I have a daughter, then I want her to be a doctor.
17.
A: Anh 6y ld ngudi nhu th6 ndo?
What kind of person is he?
225
224
Exercises
B: Anh 6y ld nguoi t6t.
He's a good person.
C: Anh 5y n6i nhiAu l6m.
He is very talkative.
If
l.
{
Write and say the following sentences ih English' Repeat the
9-
Vietnamese phrases several times-to prdctice pronunciation'
f4
,f
D: Anh 6y th6ng minh l6m.
He is very intelligent.
Em trai ctra t6i chua cucri duqc vi tr6 qu5'
E: T6i kh6ng UiCt antr 6y ld nguoi nhu th6 ndo.
I don't know what kind of person he is.
Gia dinh ctra tgi minh c6 silu ngudi.
Nhi cd 6y 6 qufln mdY?
Chi tOi kh6ng Phii ld nha si, chi 0Y
TOi khdng di thenh ph6
vi t6i bfln
li
b6c si.
rQn.
ffi6ncdphevdiemg6it6i.
ffivdthonthien.
Bd nQi ctra hQ r0t gia.
Ai ld thq udn t6c ctra ban?
226
2.
227
Respond to the following questions and statements in
Vi
Test 9
Practice speaking and writing.
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamebe vbbabulary
1.
I
Bpn bao nhi6u tudi?
t..
*
r.
Vocabulary
iu
f4
l-
2.
a
J.
Ban c6l6p gia dinh chua?
Dia chi nhd bpn ld gi?
1.
address
2.
patient
a
J.
if
4.
polite
5.
street
6.
age
7.
friendly
intelligent
talkative
district
old
8.
4.
9.
B4n ldm ngh6 gi?
10.
11.
t2.
J.
13.
14.
15.
Write the question that should precede these answers.
l.
a"tlucmg
b n6i nhiAu
x.
c. on ao
d. dla chi
e. bao xa
f. thdnh ph6
g.tr?
h. n6u
i. qupn
j. lich su
k. th6ng minh
l. th6n thiQn
m. gia
n. tudi
o. ki€n nhdn
noisy
young
how far
city
Family
Di t6i ktit
trOn
v6i mdt nhd vdn.
7.
mother's father
elder brother
daughter
father
father's mother
elder sister
uncle
8.
youngerbrother h. 6ngngoai
9.
mother's
mother
1.
2.
2.
J.
4.
D6 ld 6ng ngo4i t6i.
5.
6.
3.
Chua. Anh 6y chua c6 vg.
10.
a
b
bO
bdnOi
c. bhc
d. di
e. em trai
f. anh
g'm9
sister i. chi
J. con gal
228
following sent6n€c! tn
Translation Test: write and say the
several times to practice pronunciation'
Occupations
.
Repeat them
4.
police officer
office worker
teacher
farmer
5.
nurse
6.
mechanic
dentist
engineer
businessperson
secretary
barber
1.
2.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
a. gi6o vi6n
b. cdng an
c. thg m6y
d. thu kf
nhdn viOn
f. tho chtt6c
g.v t6
h. nha si
i. k! su
j. n6ng dAn
k. nhd doanh nhdn
Where do these people work? Match the professions on the
right with the workplaces on the left.
trg
nhdn vi€n
gi6o vi6n
a. trucrng t14i hqc
1.
nQi
2.
b. sdn bay
c. bQnh viQn
ty
d. nhi hdng
gi6m d6c c6ng
e. nhd
yt6
f. vdnphong
phi c6ng
g. c6ng ty
nha sT
h. phong kh6m rdng
chir cua hing
i. cua hdng
ngudi phgc vg
J.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
vffi
f
Her husand is a mechanici
,.4
ff Vo" ut" hungry then wb'll go eat'
Wl*t tt yout *fe's
Wt"to
it
occuPation?
she engaged to?
ffin'thavechildrenYet'
His sott is tall and thin'
@ssis
lo3LolqiStreet'
I want to be a teacher'
@nty-sixYearsold'
231
230
tE
'
lN
Lesson 10
Plurals, comparatives and superlatives, feelings,
animals, weather
233
Bei
Lesson 10
10
,
Tir vqng
qr
t
Vocabulary
i
tlT?l
chc
4
Particle
nhirng
'plural particle
hcrn
than, comparative particle
nh6t
most, superlative particle
it hon
less than, less
nhi6u hcrn
more than, more
it
least
nh,6t
nhiAu nh6t
most
.A
.t
,
gi6ng nhau; gi6ng nhu
sirnilar, same
khSc nhau
dissimilar, different
chi
only
th6i
final particle similar to
'othat's
rnfi
dAu
it" or "that's all"
just (in ref'erence to time)
o'
..'at all"
b€n trong
inside
b6n ngodi
outside
rnQt rninh
alone
chung, cirng nhau
together
mOt
tired
234
,l
Duon ngu
sleepy
(con) chr
female animal
vui
happy
(con) cho
dog
vui v6
fun
(con) mdo
catl
bu6n
sad
(con)heo
pig
ch6n
bored
(con)
lo ling
worried
(con) gir
chicken
tuc gifn
, i,. a.
Dol ror
angry
(con) gdmhi
hen
confused
(con) gdfi6ng
rooster
dau long
broken hearted
(con) vot
elephant
you
to love
(con) ngua
horse
thuong
to love
(con) nglravin
zebra
ghdt
to hate
(con)huoucao c6
giraffe
ngac nhiOn
surprised (sth. unexpected)
(con)bit
cow
het h6n, gi6t minh
surpri s ed (frightened)
(con) bd dpc
OX
th6t vong
frustrated
(con) trdu
bull
(con) cua
crab
(con) ch
fish
(con) chmQp
shark
(con) mgc
squid
(con) so
shell
(con) tdm
shrimp
(con) chim
bird
(con)l<hi
monkey
F4
DOng
vflt
Animals
con vdt crmg, thri vflt
pet
nudi
to take care of animals; to
raise animals (farm
animals, pets, etc.)
sd thri
zoo
(con) dgc
male animal
vit
'a'duek
236
(coz) dudi uoi
gorilla, orangutan
(con) chudt
rnouse, rat
@ofi
rfun
(con) su tir
lion
(con) ch
crocodile
(con)baba
ria
turtle
tortoise
(con) kdnguru
kangaroo
(con) d€
goat
(con)
ctu
(con) gilu
(con)l4c
dA
bear
mhtmt
(con)bwom
butterfly
(con)ki€n
ant
(cor) mu6i
rnosquito
(coz) ru6i
fly
bee
t,
4.
windy
mua
rain
.
snow
tuyet
^.
!
sunny
nang
c6
*'*
cogl, breezy
,,t
nnleu gro
miy
cloudy
trcri n6ng
hot weather
trcri dang mua
it is raining
t.
i,.-
tou tol tam
dark
s6ng; sSng ch6i
bright
mia
season
mila xudn
spring
mr)a hd
summer
mria thu
fall
mta d6ng
winter
carnel
bat
r
lcold
l4nh
sheep
(con) dsi
(con) ong
h"f
snake
tiger
s6,,u
Weather
Thdi ti6t
n6ng
(con)hi)
(con)
237
\d
238
Ngfr
phfp - Grammar
nhirng
"nhtrngl'is used to create plural pouhs an"d pronouna ln
situations where an undefined numbbr of people or itemB crc
ctic
o'cdc
239
'd
being referred to.
" is a particle
used to create plural nouns. It is used
in situations where all items in question are included in the
statement.
e.g. cdc sinhvi€n o trucrng ndy cAn hgc ti6ng Anh
'i
e.g. nhitngngdi
:
:
nhd O khufrhO^niy cfr rOi
the houses in this neighborhood are old
(all) the students at this school must study English
:
h6m nay t6i mua nhirngcdy vitit va gi6y viOt
today I bought Pens and Paper
t6i nay cdcbant6i rtdn nhd t6i
tonight my friends are coming to my house
nhirng ngudi 0 vdn Phdng ndY ld k! su :
the people in this offrce are engineers
cdc 6o so mi ndy t19p l6m :
these shirts are very beautiful
"cdc" is also used to make plural pronouns.
e.g. cdc anh6y ld nguoi Nhdt
:
they (those men) are Japanese
"nhirng" is also used to create plural nouns and pronouns
in situations where only a limited number of a group are
being referred to. In this case it functions similar to the word
"some" in English.
cdc chi ld nguoi nu6c ndo? :
what nationality are you (women)?
It should be noted that you should avoid using the term
"cdc ngrdi" (people). When referring to people as "cdc
ngwdi" it sounds rude and derisive.
:
c6 giSo <r trudng hoc cira t6i
some of them (those women) are teachers at my school
e.g. nhftng c6 6y h
nhfrngngdy anh 5Y thich t1i so thri :
some days he likes to go to the zoo
hon
"hon" is used to create comparative adjectives. It follows
the adjective it modifies.
e.g.
anh Ay cao hon
t6i
:
he is taller than
I
I
h6m nay trdi n6ng honhim qua :
today the weather is hotter than it was yesterday
tr6vLt,,vt.
ngon honthit bo :
thit
llllt
llwv
heo
pork is more delicious than beefl
"{t hon" means "less than" or "less" and"nhiiu hon"
mgans "morg than" or "more".
r.
e.g. t6i nay trdi mua ft hon t6i qua :
tonight it rained less than
nhiiu hon cho
anh Ph5t
*i
d ViOt Nam
rt
oti'
nhli'*. pu6ltaks
the lcalt
-
mua {t nhdt ttongthdng b6n
in Vietnam it rains the least in
troi
Apdl
:
last night
:
c6 6yYOu ch6ng ctrac6 6Y nhiiunhdl
she loves her husband the most
t6i thich c6i ndY nhiiu nhdt
Thiry likes cats more than dogs
sau
'
"lt nhaf' means "least" and"nkiiu nhdf'
whqn modifYing verbs. ,{ r
e.g.
ft hon and nhiiu hCIn
c6 Thiry thich mdo
ft nhiit and nhidu
khi hgc b4n sE bitit nhiiu hon :
after you study you will know more
"it nhdt" and"nhiiu nhdt"
:
I like this one the most
can also mean "at least" and
"at most" when followed by the verb "ld"
'
:
dn
e.g. Anh 6y dn it nhd;tld ba ch6n com m6i bta
He eats at least three bowls of rice every meal
nhiit
"nhdt" is used to create superlative adjectives. It follows
the adjective it modifies.
e.g.
anh 6y ld
nguoi
:
trudng cria tui minh
he is the tallest person in our school
cao nhdt trong
mia d6ng ldmira lrythnhdt
:
winter is the coldest season
m6n 5n 0 nhd hdng d6 ngonnhdt:
the food atthatrestaurant is the most delicious
Kelly ngtt nhiiu nhiit ld ttm ti€ngm6t ngdy
Kelly sleeps at most eight hours a day
e.g. CO
:
11e
242
trdi m6i mua mQt ti6ng tru6c =
it just rainpd an hsu
chL..thai
"chf' and"th6i" are often used together. "chf is an
adverb used to indicate a limited quantity or action, similar to
"only" or'Just" in English. "tlt1i" is a final particle used to
indicate finality, or a limit that has been reached. It could be
compared to "that's if', or "that's all" in English.
e.g. c6 Lucy chi ttYiQtNam hai tudnth6i :
Lucy has only been in Vietnam for two weeks
chi ba nguoi ddn ddy h6m nay thdi :
only three people came here today
Both"clti" and"tlt6i"
can be used separate from each
dau
,
,
I
final particle use$-in negative sentenceg ln
order to create an absolute negattve,'similar to "'..at all" in
"ddlf'is
a
English.
e.g.
anh
iy kh6ng hi6u tiOng Anh il6u
:
t6i khdng thich m6n 6n ViQt Nam ddu :
I don't like Vietnamese food at all
ban t6i kh6ng c6 tiOn
I only like this one
gia tlinh t6i c6 ba ngudi th6i :
my family has three people, that's all
m6,i
"moi" is an adverb which is used to indicate an action
that was very recently completed, similar to'Just" in English.
lt precedes the verb it modifies.
Hi6n mbi
e.g. c6^ --,1
d€n Hd
NQi
:.
Hi6n just arrived in Hd N6i
em grii t6i mdi tinh d$y :
my younger sister just woke up
:
he doesn't understand English at all
other.
e.g. t6i chi thich c6i ndy
rF
ddu
:
my friend doesn't have any money at all
245
244
Classifiers
books, notebooks
cuon
(southern)s'"
Classifiers are words which are necessary when counting
nouns in the Vietnamese language.
Classifiers are also sometimes used in English. For
example, "Atro tubes of toothpaste", "four glasses of watern',
or ooa carton of milk". However, in most cases with,
Vietnamese the rule is that if you can count it, you must use a1
classifier. In fact, if the main noun is already understood, it
will often be omitted in speech, and only the classifier used.
There are a few exceptions to this, though, and these are
listed below.
Classifiers usually group items which are perceived to
have something in common or share a particular trait.
However, sometimes the groupings can seem rather random,
so it's always a good idea to try to learn which classifer to
use at the same time you learn new nouns.
I
books, notebooks
A
quyen
(northern)
'
cu0n
'a
.j
rolied things, film
newspapers, magazines,
td
sheets ofpaPer
tr6i (southern), qui (northem)
fruits, vegetables, round
objects
cir
vegetables, edible roots that
grow beneath the ground
.A
mreng
pieces of food, meat, etc'
chai
bottles of beer, water, etc.
Classifier
Common Usage
ly
glasses of beer, water, etc.
chi
This is the most common
tirch
cups oftea, coffee, etc.
classifier, roughly meaning
lon
cans ofbeer, soda, etc.
"thing". It is "generic"
ffia
plates of food
and
used with many different
pnan
,l
servings, portions of food
types ofnouns.
h0p
small boxes or Packets of
ngudi
people
things, e.g. cigarettes,
con
animals, knives, boats,
cookies
ddn, bdy
roads, paths
binh
pots oftea, coffee, etc'
groups, herds of animals
tui, gi6, bi
bags of fruit, food, etc.
246
clothing
b0
films, sets of
chi6c
cars, motorcycles, boats,
are, however, certain types of nouns which do not
and
use classifiers. These are places, amounts of time,
usually people.
fh"r.
,.1
pots
hir
jars
dor
pairs of things (chopsticks,,
shoes,
lAu, tAng
e.g.
etc.)
,
levels, floors of buildings,
classes of trains or airplane
seats
l6n
times (occurences)
lo4i
kinds, types of things
ch6
seats, parking spaces, other
small places
b6ng
flowers
cdn
rooms, houses, apartments
ng6i
houses, buildings
tod
larger houses, buildings
b6
bunches (vegetables,
chopsticks)
c9c
piles (money, paper, etc.)
cdy
pencils, pens, trees,
chopsticks, skewers
t6i d6n ba nu6c r6i,=,"
I've. gone
tsr
three countries already
q.
t6i chd c6 dy mucri phrit r6i :
I've waited for her ten minutes already
:
c6 s6u triQu nguoi s6ng 0 Sii Gdn
there are six million people living in Sdi Gdn
248
249
How to Use Classifiers
5.
l. cardinal number (mQt, hai, ba...) + classifier * noun
e.g. hai con ch6 : two dogs
-
t6i c6 hai cqn ch6 I have two dogs
bdn td b5o
four newspapers
c6 b6n to b6o o tr€n bin
there are four newspapers on the table
:
2.
qlassifier
:
* noun + ndy, d6, or kia
e.g. con ch6 ndy
:
this dog
coq ch6 ndy ctra t6i
this is my dog
td b6o d6 = that newspaper
td b6o d6 cira ar? whose newspaper is that?
:
:
a
J.
*
noun + ordinal number (thri nh6t, thri hai...)
e.g. aon ch6 thir nh6t the first dog
con ch6 thri nh6t mdu den
the first dog is black
b6o
thri
ba
tq
the third newspaper
to b6o thri ba o tr6n bdn
the third newspaper is on the table
classifier
:
:
4.
:
:
m6y+classifier*noun
e.g. m6y con ch6? : how many
ban c6 mdy con ch6? :
dogs?
how many dogs do you have?
m6y& b6o? how many newspapers?
anh 6y dqc m6y td bdo rdi?
how many newspapers did he read already?
:
:
classifier * noun + adjective
e.g. con ch6 nh6 : a small dog
t6i c6 mdt con ch6 nho : I hdve b'small dog
tcy b6o m6i : a new rr.yr$up",
dny h mQt to b6o,.rndi i this is a new newspaper
i,
.4
6. classifier + noun + ndo 'i ,
e.g. con ch6 niro : which dog?
con ch6 ndo tr6 nhit? :
which dog is the youngest?
td b5o ndo? : which newspaper?
tq b6o ndo cria ban? : which is your newspaper?
7.
nhi€u * claSsifier * noun
e.g. nhiOu con ch6 : many dogs
251
250
HQi Tho4i
Hi6p:
1-
Conversation
Nhd em c6 nu6i thri vdt, phii khdng?
Da,
di tl6u v4y?
Hai con ch6 mdu gi?
in
already. Where did You go?
Thdnh: Chdo anh Lsi!
TOi dA di Ed
L4t. T6i mdi vO s6ng
nay.
M6t con mdu den vd mQt con mdu ndu. Cdn nhi
Hello
cria chi thi sao? C6 nu6i thir vpt kh6ng?
One is black and one is brown. How about your
Lqi! I went
to
Di L4t. I just came back this
morning.
Lgi:
house? Does it have any pets?
HiQp:
'o
r6i. Anh
Hello Thdnh! I have4'tseed lou for three days
What color are your two dogs?
Trinh:
2
/l
phii. Nhd em c6 hai con ch6.
Yes, it does. My house has two dogs.
HiQp:
Conversation
Chdo anh Thenh! IG6ng f4p anh ba ngdy
Loi:
Your house has pets, doesn't it?
Trinh:
-
HQi Thoqi 2
1
Anh di voi
a1?
Who did you go with?
C6, nhrmg md nhri ch! kh6ng c6 ch6. Nhd chi chi
Thdnh
c6 mQt con mdo.
TOi di mQt
minh. Chi t6i mudn di v6i t6i nhtmg md
chi 6y kh6ng
rinh.
Yes, but my house doesn't have a dog. My house
I went alone. My older sister wanted to go with me
only has a cat.
but she didn't have free time.
Trinh:
Sao
vdy? Chi kh6ng thich ch6
h6?
Loi:
Why? You don't like dogs, huh?
Hi6p:
Kh6ng phii, chf thich ch6l6m, nhrmg con mdo cria
chi khdng thfch ddu!
No, I like dogs a lot, but my cat doesn't like them at
all!
Thcri ti6t d Dd L4t nhu thi5 ndo?
What is the weather like in Dd LPt?
Thdnh: Trdi l4nh. O Di Lat troi kh6ng n6ng dAu.
It was cold. It's not hot in Di Lat at all.
Lgi:
ThC
ha? O ddy troi vdn n6ng 16m. Anh c6 mua
dugc c6i gi kh6ng?
Really? Here the weather was still hot. Did you buy
anything?
253
252
Thdnh: C6!
CAu
TOi mua nhidu hoa cho me t6i, m6t do so mi
V[n -
Sentences
cho chi t6i, vd hai hQp tr6i d6u.
,
Yes! I bought many flowers for my mother,
a shirt
1.
A: Hdm nay thoi ti6t nhu
for my older sister, and two boxes of strawberries.
Anh mua hai hQp trii dilucho ai?
B: H6m nay trdi n6ng.
Who did you buy the two boxes of strawberries for?
ThAnh:
Loi:
Ot
Today the weather is sunny.
2.
A: Trdi dang mua.
Oh! Thank you so much. I like to eat strawberries
a
t4
C. Hdm nay trdi ning.
!
Cam crn anh rAt nhidut TOi thich dn d6u lim.
*4.
Today the weather is hot.
MQt hQp cho tdi vd mQt hQp cho anh!
One box for me and one box for you
ttr,5 r{aoZ
i
How is the weather$oday?
!,
Loi:
*i.
It is raining.
lot!
B:
Thdnh: Kh6ng c6 chi. Chric dn ngon nh6!
I
r0l
a
sap mua.
It's going to rain.
).'
Never mind. Enjoy them!
C: lr01 mua ror.
It rained already.
D: Troi m6i mua.
It
has
just rained.
E: Trdi dd mua trong mQt tuAn r6i.
It has been raining for
a week already.
F: O ViQt Nam trdi kh6ng bao gid c6 tuy6t.
In Vietnam it is never snowy.
3.
A: T6i thich mdo.
I like
cats.
B: Tdi thich con mdo ndy.
I like this
cat.
254
255
C: T6i thudng khdng thich mdo nhrmg t6i thich con
7.
A: iuon an ThhiLancay nh6t.
mdo ndy.
I usually don't like cats, but I like this cat.
4.
spiciest.
Cu6n s6ch ndy thri vi nh6t.
t
Thai food is the
B:
\
_
I
t
A: Hai d6i giAy ndy c6 gi6ng nhau kh6ng?
This book is the most'interesting.
,IJ
Are these two pairs of shoes the same?
C: Trong gia tlinh t6i, t6i td nguoj'cao nh6t, vd chf g6i
B: Hai cu6n s6ch ndy gi6ng nhau.
t6i ld ngudi th6p nh6t.
In my family, I am the tallest and my older
These two books are the same.
sister is the shortest.
Those two bags are not the same.
5.
A:
D:
Ao so mi ndy vd 6o so mi d6 c6 khdc nhau kh6ng?
In Viefiram, April is the hottest month.
Are this shirt and that shirt different?
B:
C:
A:
chitic den?
This hat and that hat are different.
Which car do you like more, the red one or the
Chii5c xe dpp ndy vd chi6c xe tlap d6 khdc nhau nhu
black one?
B:
How are this bicycle and that bicycle different?
A:
Anh Cucrng cao hcrn anh Dric.
C:
Lon bia ndy lanh hcrn lon bia d6.
T6c cria tdi ddi hcrn t6c cira anh trai t6i.
My hair is longer than my older brother,s hair.
D:
Hdm qua trdi n6ng hon h6m nay.
Yesterday the weather was hotter than today.
Japanese food best.
M6n 5n niro ngon hcrn, m6n dn Th6i hay m6n dn
Nhat?
Which food is more delicious, Thai food or
This can of beer is colder than that can of beer.
C:
T6i thich m6n [n Nh0t nhAt
I like
Cudng is taller than Eric.
B:
Ban thich chitSc xe 6td ndo hcrn, chi6c t16 hay ld
Crii mfr ndy vit cfii mfi tl6 kh6c nhau.
th6 nio?
6.
O ViQt Nam, th6ng tu ld th6ng n6ng nh6t.
Japanese food?
9.
A:
O thdnh ptrO HO Chi Minh con cludng ndo ld ddi
nh6t?
In HO Chi Minh city which street is the longest?
256
B:
2s7
O thdnh pfrO UO Chi Minh duong DiQn Bi0n pht ld
ddi nh6t.
I'm
In H6 Chi Minh city DiQn Bi6n phri street is the
longest.
10. A:
Anh thich con v6t ndo nhStt
elephants most because they,re the biggest
animals.
11.
A:
Ch! c6 thich nhirng bQ phim Hdn eu6c kh6ng?
Do you like Korean films?
B:
Kh6ng. T6i chi thich nhirng b6 phim My th6i.
No. I only like American films.
12.
A: Ttii mai cic anh 6y c6 di xem phim v6i chring ta
khdng?
Will they go to the cinema with
B:
us tomorrow night?
C6. Hq r6t vui vi chring ta moi he.
Yes. They are very happy because of our invitation.
C:
Khdng. Vi h9 mQt.
No. Because they're tired.
13.
A:
Tpi sao ban tr6ng c6 ve bu6n v4y?
Why do you look sad?
it's
raining. ,
\..
sad because shd doesrr't love me.
i.
e4
D: T6i kh6ng c6 buiin dau'.i Tdi chi bu6n ngtr th6i.
Tdi thich con voi nhdt vi n6 ld con vdt to nh6t.
I like
sad because
C: T6i budn vi c6 6y kh6ng yCJ tOi.
I'm
Which animal do you like best?
B:
B: T6i budn vi trdi mua.
I'm not sad at all. I'm only sleepy.
"
258
Exercises
2.
zsg
Respond to the following questions and statements in Vietnamese.
|
Practice speaking and writing.
$'"
I
l.
Write and say the following sentences in English. Repeat the
Vietnamese phrases several times to practice pronunciation.
1.
Trong gia dinh ctra,b4n ai id ngudi th6ng minh nhAt?
t-
e4
E"
T6i chi thich
C6i tl6ng h6
<li
choi khi trdi m6t m6.
niy mic
2.
DAt nu6c ndo l6n hcrn, ViQt Nam hay ld Trung Qu6c?
J.
Nhd ban c6 nudi ch6 mdo kh6ng? Ni5u c6 thi b4n c6
con gi? C6 m0y con?
4.
HOm nay thoi ti6t nhu thtl ndo?
hcrn chid6.
Th6ng tru6c trdi mua nhi6u qu6.
T6i qua anh 6y u6ng nhiOu ly bia.
Nhd c6 5y kh6ng c6 nu6i ch6 mdo.
J.
Write the question that should precede these answers.
M6n 6n ViQt vd m6n 6n M! khdng gi6ng nhau d6u.
L
Trong c6c con chnity, con ndo ld con lcrn nh6t?
Dp kh6ng. T6i kh6ng thich troi 14nh ddu.
Trong gia tlinh t6i, 6ng n6i ld nguoi gid nhdt.
2.
TOi thich m6n 6n Th6i Lan nhi6u nhdt.
HA NQi nho hcrn Sdi Gon.
J.
TOi thich cdi ndy nhi6u hcvn
vi c5i d6 mic hon.
261
Test 10
Match the English vocabulary with the Vietnamese vocabulary
Classifiers
5.
vehicles
plates of food
books
animals
general, "things"'
6.
fruit
7.
cans
glasses
1.
2.
J.
Vocabulary
l.
2.
J.
4.
alone
same
hate
4.
than
5.
only
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
outside
happy
worried
other
tired
sleepy
inside
different
most
how
a
b
hon
chi
c. nh6t
d. lo l6ng
e. mQt
f. gh6t
g. bu6n ngri
h. b6n ngodi
i. nhu th6 ndo
j. mQt minh
k. gi6ng nhau
l. kh6c
m. vui v6
n. b6n trong
o. kh6c nhau
Animals
1.
2.
pig
cow
8.
dog
horse
rut
cat
monkey
elephant
9.
bird
10.
chicken
J.
4.
5.
6.
7.
a con ch6
b con voi
c. con mdo
d. conbd
e. conkhi
f. con gd
g. conheo
h. con chuQt
i. con nglra
j. con chim
8.
9.
10.
11.
"
f
bottles
pieces of
palrs
meat
a. cont
U. cLlcc
.i.non
d.di,a.
+e. mi6ng
f.
chi
g. trhi
h. d6i
i. lon
j. chai
k. lv
lir
263
262
Translation Test: write and say the following sentences in vietnamese.
Repeat them several times to practice pronunciation.
t?
I am younger than you.
These two pairs of shoes are the same.
n{.
r4
Which is bigger, this one or that one?
The weather in Vietnam is hot and sunny in March.
It rained already today.
Appendix
I
Useful words and phrases
I usually like dogs, but I don't like that dog.
How is this car different from that car?
I have only two books.
I am most tired after I do exercise.
265
264
General Conversation
Hello. Good morning
Xin chdo
Good afternoon. Good evening
Ban c6 kh6e kh6ng?
Fine.
Kh6e.
Not fine.
Kh6ng khoe.
Not very well.
Kh6ng khoe lim.
so-so.
Khi ndo?
whv?
Tai sap?
Which?
t..
How?
Lim sao?; Nhu thti nio?;
TOi binh thudng.
I'm sick.
Tdi bi benh.
How about you?
Con b4n thi sao?
Good bye.
Tpm biQt.
See
you tomorrow.
Mai gdp lai.
See
you later, See you again.
Hgn gpp lai.
Thank you.
Cilm 0n.
Thank you very much.
Ciim on nhi6u.
You're welcome.
Kh6ng c6 chi.
Excuse me. / I'm sorry.
Xin l6i.
Never mind.
Kh6ng sao ddu.
Nice to meet you.
R6t vui tluqc g{p b4n.
Who?
Ai?
What?
C6i gi?
u..
cafi naoz
t4
How are you?
I'm normal, I'm
When?
14
S€io?
Whose?
Cila al?
How much? How many?
Bao nhi€u?
How much (money)?
Bao nhi6u tiAn?
This.
C5i ndy.
That.
C6i d6, c6i kia.
That one over there.
C6i kia.
How much is this?
C6i ndy bao nhiOu ti6n?
What's this?
Chiniry ld c6i gi?
What's that?
C6i d6 ld c5i gi?
Where?
O tt6u.
Here.
O ddy.
There.
o d6.
Over there.
O kia.
Where is the bathroom?
Nhd vQ sinh o ddu?
hospital
benh vign
pharmacy
nhd thu6c
airport
sdn bay
bus station
b6n xe
266
267
train station
ga xe hia
Please
Lim
hotel
khdch s4n
Not yet.
Chua.
market
crn;
Vui ldng
r
q'"
.I
chg
Already.
R6i.
.t.
lor lam ror.
t
embassy
tda dpi su
I did it already.
post office
buu diQn
But
Hello? (on the phone)
Al6?
Don't
Drmg
I'd like to speak to John.
Tdi mu6n n6i chuyQn vdi
Don't go.
Ermg tli.
John.
Don't do it.
Drmg ldm.
John's not home.
John khdng c6 nhd.
Where are you going?
Bpn (tlang) tli dAu?
This is John.
John tl6y.
I'm going to _.
T6i (dang) di
Wait
Chd mQt chrit.
Have you eaten yet?
B4n dn ccrm chua?
a moment.
'{ Nhring me
.
Please hang on.
Vui long gifr m6y.
What's your name?
Bpn t6n (ld) gi?
Really?
Thi3 he?
My name is _.
T6i t6n (ld)
Right?
Phii kh6ng? Dirng kh6ng?
What do you do?
B4n
lim gi?
Is that correct?
N6 dring kh6ng?
What's your occupation?
Bpn
lim ngh6 gi?
Yes.
Vdng.
I'm
TOi
h nhd doanh
No.
KhOng.
That's correct.
a businessman.
nghiQp,
doctor
b6c si
tjung rol.
engineer
k!
That's not correct.
Kh6ng ihing.
student
sinh viOn
If
Ni5u
secretary
thukf
Then
Thi
teacher, instructor
gi6o vi6n
Because
Vi
professor
gi6o su
Maybe
c6le
tourist
kh6ch du lich, du kh6ch
I,
su
268
farmer
n6ng ddn
driver
tdi x6
housewife
n6i trg
Vietnam is an easy place to live. ViQt Nam ld m6t noi r5t a5
s6ng.
{'.
rot ttrich HdNOi.
I like Hanoi.
I
Hanoi.
T6i kh6ng thich Hd NQi.
':
thg mriy
I don't like
What' s your nation ality?
B4n ld nguoi nu6c ndo?
I like the countryside.
I'm Vietnamese.
T6i le nguoi Vi€t.
Can you speak Vietnamese?
mechanic
,
,..4
American
My
Australian
Uc
German
Dfc
French
Ph6p
English
Anh
Russian
Nga
Japanese
Nhat
NhQt
Korean
Do you like Vietnam?
'r.TOi thich miAn qu6.
B4n n6i tlugc tiiSng ViQt
kh6ng?
I can speak a little Vietnamese. T6i n6i dugc mQt chrit titfng
Vi0t.
Do you know how to speak English?
Ban bitit n6i tiiing Anh
khOng?
I don't know how to speak English.
T6i kh6ng bitit nOi tii5ng
Bin
Anh.
Hdn Qu6c
B4n thich ViQt Nam kh6ng?
Vietnamese people are friendly. Ngudi ViQt thdn thiQn.
Vietnam is very hot.
ViQt Nam n6ng l6m.
Vietnam is very beautiful.
ViQtNam tlgp l6m.
It rains a lot.
,,l
lrfl mua nhreu.
Please speak slowly.
Lim on n6i cS0m lai.
Please repeat that.
Vui ldng n6i
Can you read
Vietnamese?
14i.
B4n c6 thi5 dqc titing ViQt
khdng?
Do you know how to write Vietnamese?
Ban bii5t vi6t ti€ng ViQt
Vietnam is a tough place to live. ViQt Nam ld mQt notrht
kh6ng?
kh6 s6ng.
I can't hear.
T6i khdng thti nghe.
271
270
I didn't
TOi dA kh6ng nghe.
hear.
['m studying Vietnamese. T6i (<lang) hqc ti6ng
ViQt.
['m studying Vietnamese with this book.
What does
mean?
_
T6i da ly di.
My wife passed away.
vq toi dqAAt.
How's the weather?
rdoi titit nhu th6 ndo?
s6ch ndy.
hot.
The weather is cold.
c6 nghia ld gi?
It's raining.
Tdi (tlang) hec titing ViQt
v6i cu6n
I'm Jirrorced.
Trdi thi n6ng.
: i"
The weather is
n{.
t"r6i thi lanh.
Trdi dang mua.
I meet you again tomorrow?
How old are you?
B4n bao nhi6u tu6i?
['m thirty-one years old.
T6i ba muoi m6t tu6i.
Ngdy mai t6i gflp lpi bPn
Where do you live/stay?
B4n si5ng d dOu?
dugc kh6ng?
I live/stay inlat
_.
I
A"
ol song o _.
Can
Can you teach me Vietnamese?
B4n d4y ti5ng ViQt cho t6i
dugc kh6ng?
How many people are in your family?
_.
Gia rlinh (cria) ban c6 m6y
I like
ngudi?
I don't like
TOi thich
_.
T6i kh6ng thich
I like Vietnamese people.
TOi thich nguoi ViQt.
B4n c6 bao nhi6u anh chi
You are very kind.
B4n t6t bqng lim.
em?
Where are you staying?
Bpn dang dddu?
Do you have a wife yet?
Ban c6 vg chua?
I am staying
I have
I ol co v0 ro1.
T6i tlang o kh6ch s4n New
T6i chua c6 ch6ng.
World.
How many brothers and sisters do you have?
a
wife already.
yet.
Do you have a family yet?
I don't have
a husband
,
World Hotel.
l.
B4n lflp gia ilinh chua?
How many children do you have already?
Bpn c6 m6y ch6u rdi?
I'm single
at the New
-.
T6i cdn tlQc thdn.
Here is my address.
Ddy ld dfa chi cira t6i.
Here is my phone number.
Ddy ld
Can you give me your address?
B4n cho tdi dia chi cira b4n
sO diQtt
dugc kh6ng?
tho4i cira t6i.
272
273
Can you give me your phone number?
In a Restaurant
Ban cho t6i s6 diQn tho4i
Call me.
Can
I call you?
A
t"
ctra bpn ducrc kh6ng?
I want to order
Gqi diqn thoai cho t6i
What would you like to eat?
nh6.
What would you like to drinlt?, n Bprtamu6n u6ng gi?
T6i ggi di6n thoai cho
Please give me a glass of
bpn
I'm leaving tomorrow.
I
T6i muon g9l _.
du-o.
.
water. Vui ldng cho t6i mQt ly
nu6c.
c kh6ng?
Ngdy mai t6i tli r6i.
Please give me one serving of fried rice.
Vui long cho t6i mQt phdn
I'm going back to my country next week.
fIL
I uan sau
Ban mu6n 6n m6n 5n gi?
ccrm chi€n.
tol ve nuoc.
Please give me some more rice.
Vui long cho t6i th6m
Give me some ice.
Cho t6i mQt it d6.
I don't eat meat.
T6i kh6ng 6n thit.
Is
it spicy?
N6 c6 cay kh6ng?
It's too spicy!
N6 cay qu6!
It's not spicy.
N6 kh6ng c6 cay.
Is it good/delicious?
N6 c6 ngon khdng?
It's very delcious.
Ngon lim.
This food is very delcious.
M6n dn niry ngon lim.
It's not good/delcious.
N6 kh6ng ngon.
It's okay
N6 cflng dugc.
I like Vietnamese food.
T6i thich m6n dn vi6t
Nam.
ccrm.
274
275
I want to eat dessert.
Chric 6n ngon!
I'm full.
T6i mu6n dntrilng
squid
muc
miQng.
eel
luon
Enjoy your meal!
I Or no ror.
That's enough.
Dri rdi.
I'm drunk.
lol
Vietnamese food
Can
fruit
l.
orange
banana
.l .
say rol.
,
r,i
I
t16i cdy
i'
;"
tr6i cam
nu't
..4
fi '"tt"oi
apple
triit6o
m6n [n Vipt Nam
grapefruit / pomelo
tr6i bu0i
Imn tlen.
strawberry
tr6i dOu
food
thirc dn
pineapple
tr6i thom
dish
m6n
grape
h6i nho
meat
thit
watermelon
tr6i dua h6u
beef
thit bd
lime
trdi chanh
pork
thit heo
pear
tr6i
chicken meat
thit gn
rambutan
tr6i chdm ch6m
duck meat
thit vit
lychee
trfiivhi
eoo
-bb
tnmg
coconut
tr6i dria
seafood
hdi sin
tamarind
tr6i me
fish
cL
papaya
tr6i du dtr
shrimp
tdm
guava
trdi 6i
lobster
t6m htm
mango
tr6i xodi
crab
cua
jackfruit
trhimit
shell
so / ngh€u
durian
trar sau neng
snail
oc
^
longan
trrli nhdn
I have the bill?
in
16
;.
.^
276
277
fruit juice
nudc tnii cdy
fruit shake
sinh
DOng cal trang
milk
rpu
peas
dflu hd lan
coffee
lettuce
rau xd l6ch
iced coffee with milk
,:,
Dap cal
tea
trd
tomato
tr6i cd chua
iced tea
trd dh
mushroom
nam
limeade
nu6c chanh
potato
cri khoai tdy
beer
bia
carrot
cu ca rot
soft drink
nudc nggt
onion
'cri hdnh
alchohol
zuqu
corn
tr6ibtp
water
nu6c
cucumber
trdi dua leo
to cook
nau an
bean sprouts
gi'
steamed
nap
garlic
cir
grilled
nu(rng
ginger
cir gimg
stir fried
xdo
basil
rau que
deep fried
chi6n
lemongrass
si
boiled
luQc
chili pepper
CIt
baked
dft ld
egg noodles
mi
fish sauce
nuoc mam
rice noodles
pho; hir tiu
. .A
sol mren
soy sauce
nu6c tuong
chili
tuong ot
vegetable
rau
broccoli
bdng
cauliflower
cabbage
glass noodles
drink, beverage
cdLi
xanh
,.
!
i.
.
t6i
d6 u6ng
sauce
t6'
T'.
I
':
.
cd oh€
'
, *[ '-4
. ,,'^
ca pne sua oa
,A
,!
218
279
Expressing Needs and Feelings
I want to rest a little.
TOi mu6n nghi mQt
chrit. ,
I'm hungry.
TOi d6i bung.
I'm thirsty.
T6i kh6t nu6c.
I'm tired/exhausted.
^..4lam.
I or met
I'm
Tdi bu6n ngir.
sleepy.
I'm happy.
TOi hpnh phric.
I'm excited.
T6i vui qu6.
I'm hot.
Tdi n6ng.
I'm cold.
Tdi lpnh.
I don't feel well.
Tdi kh6ng khoe.
I'm sick.
Toi bi benh.
I have a stomachache.
TOi dau bUng.
a headache
--r dau.
oau
a fever
sOt
a sore throat
vi6m hong
dizziness
ch6ng mflt
diarrhea
ti€u chiy
a cold
bi cdm
the flu
bi crim
I need medicine.
I need to sleep.
TOi cAn udng thu6c.
I
I want to go to a doctoriclinic
-...,
-^. rhudn tli
T6i
kh6m b€nh.
I need to go to the hospital.
I or
I
I need to go to the pharmacy.
rM^.
... -A
pnal oen
Dgnn vrgn.
,4
t ".
lol pnal
-A
den
nna tnuoc.
^
I'm feeling beffer.
T6i th6y khoe hon.
Help!
Ciru vdi!
Watch out!
Coi chimg!
I want to drink some water.
lor muon uong nuoc.
I want a bottle of beer.
T6i mu6n m6t chai bia.
I want a glass of coffee.
^. ly cd ph6.
T6i mu6n mQt
I want a pack of cigarettes.
T6i mu6n mQt hQp thudc
I want to go to the bathroom.
T6i mu6n di nhd
I want a single room.
I want a double room.
Tdi mu6n phdng tlcrn.
,< , .
^a.
How much for one day?
M6t ngdy bao nhi6u ti€n?
It's too loud.
N6 thi 6n do l6m.
This room is fine.
Phong ndy cfing dugc.
Please turn on the fan.
Vui ldng
AA
t
lol
t
vQ sinh.
muon pnong oor.
bQt qupt l€n.
Please turn up the air conditioner.
Vui ldng tdn nhi€t d0
m6y lanh l6n.
L
I 01 can ngu.
$,.
i
Please turn down the air conditioner.
16.
280
28t
Vui ldng gi6m nhiQt
^
quen
I,
I forgot.
I ol
lpnh xu6ng.
I can't remember.
T6i kh6pg tpp nh6.
I want some more water.
T6i mu6n th6m nu6c.
Let's go.
cprls
I'm lost.
TOi
bi lpc ducrng.
I'm busy.
I don't have enough money.
^ co clu tlen.
I ol Kllong
I'm
I need to go get money.
T6i phii tti 6y tiAn.
I'm lonely.
T6i c6 ilQc.
I want to go to the bank.
T6i mu6n tttin ngdn hdng.
I'm angry.
T6i tuc gipn.
I need to exchange money.
T6i phAi tli tlOi ti6n.
I'm mad at myself.
Tdi gipn chinh minh.
I want to
T6i mu6n
I'm homesick.
T6i nh6 nhd.
T6i mudn
I'm
confused.
i. t.
-^.,
I ol bor rol.
Do you understand?
Bpn hi6u kh6ng?
I'm
embarrassed.
T6i xAu h6.
I don't understand.
Tdi kh6ng hi6u,
I'm
bored.
Tdi ch6n.
I understand
a
,,
^. cnut.
I ol nreu mot
I'm worried.
T6i lo l6ng.
I don't know.
TOi kh6ng bitit.
I'm
Tdi sq.
I agree with you.
_^.
-\
r 01 oong y.
I'm hurt (emotionally).
TOi bi t6n thucrng.
I believe you.
T6i tin ban.
I'm hurt (physically).
TOi (bi) tlau.
I don't believe you.
Tdi kh6ng tin ban d6u.
No smoking
C6m hrit thu6c.
Speak up.
N6i
lcrn l6n.
lol
, .x.
co lol.
I
. (verb)
want
I'm
(noun)
a
little.
sure.
, -,
I
tlQ m6y
..),
sad.
scared.
,!
ol cnac ma.
':
ta
rol.
tli (th6i).
:" T6i dang ban.
e4
r..^. r r I
t"ol ouon.
I'm not sure.
Tdi khdng chlc l6m.
I made
I'm just joking.
T6i n6i dia th6i.
Wait
No problem.
Kh6ng sao ddu.
Happy birthday.
Sinh nh4t vui v6.
A little bit. (amount)
MQt chrit.
Merry Christmas.
Chric mimg Giring Sinh.
A little bit. (time)
M6t l6t.
Good luck.
Chric may mfn.
a mistake
a moment.
Chd mQt chrit.
282
283
I wish you happiness.
Chric bpn hpnh phric.
Happy New Year.
Chric mring ndm mdi.
Have a nice Tet Holiday.
Chric dn ttit vui ve.
{'r
*
e4
i'"
Appendix
II
Answers to multiple choice and translation tests
284
Test
Answers
Matching:
l'f 2'm 3'h 4'a 5'p 6'd 7'q 8'c
9.n 10. o 11. e rz.k 13. j r4.t ls. b
285
,il
Traislating:
il
Il;,'J#rnu6cndo?
,l
[
,L
4.c6indybaonhi6uti€n?
[
5.c6id6m6c
3.
,,r
Tt cion o trong phdng. ]'
,,'0,
t'i
'l4
qu6.
6. TOi c6 diQn tho4i.
Translating:
gi?
2. Tdi t€n ld
.
l'
Bpn tOn (ld)
'iI
7. Tir di6n o du6i giucrng.
ru
il{
8. s6ch
9.
cr
giira gi6y vd m6y chup hinh.
Tivi d tt'u?
3. B4n (c6) khoe'kh6ng?
'[ I
f
t
4. CAm on.
chi.
6.Khongsaoddu.
5. Kh6ng c6
7. Rat vui duoc gpp ban
8. Ddy c6
phii ld quyi5n vo kh6ng?
9. D6 kh6ng phai ld cay brit
chi.
I
I
Test 3
Matching:
l.e 2.o3.f 4.a5.h6.p7.j 8.m
9.c 10.r 11.i Iz.k 13.b 14.d 15.q
rranstating:
1. TOi
Test2
Matching:
l'k 2'g 3'd 4'l 5'b 6'j 7'r 8'p
9.m l0.o 11.a 12.c 13.f 14-e 15-h
il
il
il
.il
tti ldm-bing xe bu;ft.
2.}€nxeoddu?
3. T6i mu6n dn ccrm.
4.Bqnmu5nu6ngcdph6kh6ng?
5.Anh6yhmvi6comQtthuvi6n.
6. Hq hgc titing Anh o mQt trudng il4i hgc.
T.Toidangxemphim.
f
8. B4n (c6 th6) n6i tiSng ViQt tluqc
L
9. H9 dang ldm
7.f 8.k 9.j
287
10.a 11.h t2.d
r
kh6ng?
gi?
tlil
:[
Days:
l.d2.r3.g4.c 5.e6..b
Matching
n{.
Test4
Matching:
1.h 2.n 3.j 4.a 5.f 6.p 7.k
9.
q
10.
o
11.
d I2.b
13.
i
14.
8.e
m
15.
g
rranslating:
1.
M6y bay di5n sdn bay hic mudi mQt gid ruoi
2. C66y hm vi6c cho d6n t6m gio
3. Toi dn s6ng tru6c khi tli
t6i.
tim.
mai.
5. Hdm qua t6i tinh dfy s6m.
s6ng.
tiec.
7. CO 6yv€ nna sau b6n gid mQt chrit.
ehiOu.
9. Tui minh 5n tdi sau khi vA nha.
8. Tdi thucrng
tfp th6 duc bu6i
Tesr5
Matching Months:
l.g 2.e 3.i 4.1 5.b 6.c
I
!
-'
^
C
rransrating:
ild
. l
lf i
fl
I I
lf i
l.H6mnayldngdymQtth6ngtu,nimhainghin16ndm.
6. HOm nay
il i
7. T6i thri tu anh 6y (sc) di choi v6i ban cria anhdy.
4. Anh 6y (sc) di He NQi ngiy
6. T6i mai tui minh (sE) tli ds mQr buOi
r;.
't
f
t
t
2.Toi tli ldm hic t6m gid
s6ng mai.
3. T6i kh6ng c6 thcri gian tli choi thri biy.
4. T6i tli5n vi€t Nam th6ng hai.
5. TOi (da) hgc tii5ng Anh brin n6m.
li ngdy mfy?
8. Cu6i tuAn sau tui minh rti Nha Trang.
9. Tdi tfp thc dsc mdi rhri hai, thri tu vd thri s6u.
Test 6
,il
I
Matching vocabulary:
ril
l.c 2.a 3.h 4.1 5.j
fi
7.b
I
6.i
8.g9.klO.dll.er2.f
288
289
Matching Colors:
1,.f 2.j 3.e 4.h
L
5.
b
6.c
l.i 8.d 9.9 10.k 11.a
Translating:
1.
Ao so mi mdu tring cira t6i cfr lim.
2.Toikh6ng thich quAn 6o mdu den.
3. Tai sao b4n vO nhd s6m
qu6?
den.
',5. Tpi sao hdm qua bpn khdng di ldm?
4. T6i dtin chq d6 mua mOt d6i giAy mdu
6. HOm nay cO 6y mua mQt chi6c xe hoi mdu tr6ng
city,
8. Hq tltin qu6n cd ph6 tl6 gap bpn cira hs.
9. Cu6n s6ch mdi ndy cho ban.
7. Anh
dy
dangtlQi mfr mdu xanh 16
m6i.
n
Translating:
t]
f
f
f
f
.
il
:f
f
1. Ban
1
|
I
I
I
i
'.
14
,of,;;
thich m6n dn ViQt Nam kh6ng?
z. c6 6y kh6ng 6n thit.
:. Tdi kh6ng
dn m6n dn nu6c ngodi dugc.
4. T6i chua bao gio tt6n Hd NOi.
s. Ban kh6t chua?
6. Toi r6t thich rau tuoi.
7.B4nt6i
chua d6n b6n xe.
8. TOi khdng bi6t dirng ttfia.
9. CO 6y di cho d6 mua tr6i cdy,thit heo vd g4o.
Test 7
Test 8
Matching Vocabulary:
Matching Vocabulary:
1.c 2.e 3.1 4.a 5.j 6.b
7.9 8.k 9.f 10.i 1l.h 12.d
1.m 2.c 3.f 4.a 5.9 6.k 7.h 8.d
9.1 l0.n 1l.b 12.r 13.i 14.q 15.o
290
,1
291
Translating:
Matching Workplaces:
1. CO 6y c6 chdn ddi.
1.e 2.f 3.a 4.9 5.c 6.b
8.,i 9.-d
2.Bqnt6i thdp vd m6nh mai v6i t6c ddi.
3. T6i rhabffi dia sau khi dn t6i.
Translating:
4. TOi thucrng u6ng nhi6u nu6c khi bi cim.
'
I . Ch6ng cua c6 6y ld tho .dy. ''
5. Hdm nay anh 6y
hm
vQ sinh nhd cira
tru6c khi di tbm.
6. TOi chii t6c mQt ngdy ba dn.
:. t.
eq
i
2. N6u b4n d6i (bung) thi tui minh sd di dn com.
3. Vq bpn ldm ngh6 gi?
7.B4nc4o rdu mQt tuAn mAy lAn?
8. TOi di kh6m bQnh
:
4. CA 6y tlinh h6n v6i ai?
vi tdi bi crim.
5. TOi c6 ch6ng, nhtmg md chua c6 con.
'P. C6 6y mua thu6c vi cO 6y dau dAu.
6. Con trai c[la anh 6y cao vd 6m.
7.Dia chi cria cdng ty cria t6i ld m6t ld ba duong L0 Lqi.
Test 9
8. TOi mri6n ldm gi6o vi6n.
9. Ong (ngopi or n6i) t6i
biy muoi s6u tu6i.
Matching Vocabulary:
4.j 5.a 6.n 7.1 8.k
9.b 10.i ll.m 12.c 13.g 14.e 15.f
1.d 2.o 3.h
Test 10
Matching Vocabulary:
Matching Family:
1.
1.h 2.f 3.j 4.a s.b
8.e 9. d 10.g
9.1 10.e 11.g 12.n
Matching Occupations:
l.b 2.e 3.a 4.j
5.g
j 2.k 3.f 4. a 5.b 6.h
13.o
7.
8.d
I4
15. i
Matching Animals:
7.h 8.i 9.k 10. d
11.
1.g 2.d 3.a 4.i
e.j
10.
f
292
Matching Classifiers:
1.b 2.d 3.c 4.a
5.
Titles from Paiboon Publishing
6.9 l.i
8.k
9.j
10.e 11.h
Book
Two CDs
US$20.00
3. Cai ndo l6n hcrn, c6i ndy hay ld c6i d6?
Title:
5. H6m nay trdi dd mua r6i.
Author:
Description:
tdi kh6ng thich con ch6
ndy.
Thai for Intermediate Learners
Benjawan Poomsan Becker @1998
The continuation of Thai for Beginners . Users are expected to be able to
read basic Thai language. There is kansliteration when new words are
introduced. Teaches reading, writing and speaking at a higher level.
Keeps students interested with cultural facts about Thailand. Helps
expand your Thai vocabulary in a systematic way.
Paperback. 220 pages. 6" x 8.5"
Book
Two CDs
US$12.95 Stock # 10028
US$15.00 Stock # l002CD
Title:
Thai for Advanced Readers
Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2000
8. TOi chi c6 hai cu6n srich (th6i).
9. TOi mQt nh6t sau khi tflp thO ftrc.
Stock# l001CD
*******+*d.*****
4. O Vigt Nam troi n6ng vd ning trong th6ng ba.
1. Chi€c xe ndy kh6c nhau vdi chi6c xe d6 nhu th6 ndo?
''
Benjawan Poomsan Becker @1995 I
Designed for either self-study or classreom use. Teaches all four
language skills- speaking, listeniirg (when used in conjunction with the
cassette tapes), reading and writing. Offers clear, easy, step-by-step
instruttion building on whad hasrbeen t'r%viously learned. Ur"i by rn"ny
Thai temples and institutes in Aftieriia and Thailand.
Cassettes & CD available. Paperback. 270pages. 6" x 8.5"
US$12.95 Stock # 10018
1. TOi tr6 hcm b4n.
'q. TOi thucrng thich ch6, nhrmg md
r
Thai for
Author:
Description:
Translating:
2. Hai d6i giAy ndy gi6ng nhau.
t
Beginners
Title:
*,***********r<t
Author:
Description:
eoof
Two CDs
*
A book that helps students practice reading Thai at an advanced level.
It contains reading exercises, short essays, newspaper articles, cutural and
historical facts about Thailand and miscellaneous information about the
Thai language. Students need to be able to read basic Thai.
Paperback. 210 pages. 6" x 8.5"
US$12.95 Stock # 10038
US$15.00 Stock # 10O3CD
********,1******
Title:
Author:
Description:
Book
Two CDs
Thai for Lovers
Nit & Jack Ajee @1999
An ideal book for lovers. A short cut to romantic communication in
Thailand. There are useful sentences with their Thai translations
throughout the book. You won't find any Thai language book more fun
and user-friendly. Rated R!
Paperback. 190 pages. 6" x 8.5"
US$13.95
US$17.00
Stock #: l0(XB
Stock#: l004CD
Title:
Thai-English, English-Thai Dictionary for Non-Thai Speakers
Author:
Description:
Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2002
Designed to help English speakers communicate in Thai. It is equally
useful for those who can read the Thai alphabet and those who can't. Most
Thai-English dictionaries either use Thai script exclusively for the Thai
entries (making them difficult for westerners to use) or use only phonetic
transliteration (makirlg it impossible to look up a word in Thai script).
This dictionary solves these problems. You will find most of the
vocabulary you are likely to need in everyday life, including basic,
cultural, po.litical and scientific terms.
Paperback. 658 pages. 4.L" x 5.6"
US$15.00 Stock # 10088
Book
******t<t<*(******
Title:
Author:
Description:
Book
Thai for Gay Tourists
Saksit Pakdeesiam @2001
The ultimate language guide for gay and bissxral men visiting Thailand.
Lots of gay oriented language, cultpre, commentaries and other
information. Instant sentences for convenient use by gay visitors. Fun
and sexy. The best way to cornlnunicate with your Thai gay friends and
partners! Rated R! Paierback. 22O pages. 6" x 8.5"
Book
US$13.95 Stock # 10078 ?4
Two Tape Set US$17.00 Stock # f OOlt" . '
Description:
*****t
Title:
Author:
Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2002
Thai for Japanese speakers. Japanese version ofThaifor Beginners.
Paperback. 262pages. 6" x 8.5"
Book
US$12.95 Stock # 10098
Three Tape Set US$20.00 Stock # 10097
Stock # 10108
***************
Title:
Author:
Thai fiir Anfiinger
Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2000
German speakers. German version of rhai for Beginners.
Paperback. 245 pages. 6" x 8.5"
US$13.95 Stock # 10058
US$20.00 Stock # 1005CD
Description: Thai for
Book
Two CDs
**t<*******,&****
Title:
Lao for Beginners
Author:
Description:
Buasawan Simmala and Benjawan P. Becker @2003
Designed for either self-study or classroom use. Teaches all four
language skills- speaking, listening (when used in conjunction with the
audio), reading and writing. Offers clear, easy, step-by-step instruction
building on what hasTeen previously learned.
Paperback. 292pages.6"x 8.5"
'
US$12.95 Stock # l0l2B
Book
Three CDs
US$20.00
*<********
Tai Go No Kiso
Description:
Lao-English, English-Lao Dictionary for Non-Lao Speakers
Benjawan Poomsan Becker & Khampiran Mingbuapha @2003
Designed to help English speakers communicate in Lao. This practical
dictionary is useful both in Laos and in Northeast Thailand. Students can
use it without having to learn the Lao alphabet. However, there is a
comprehensive introduction to the Lao writing system and pronunciation.
The transliteration system is the same as that used in Paiboon Publishing's
other books. It contains most of the vocabulary used in everyday life,
including basic, cultural, political and scientific terms.
Paperback. 780pages. 4.1" x 5.6"
US$15.00
Title:
Author:
*
Title:
Author:
:tt
*:k *
x<
*
** +* **
*,1.
Thailand Fever
Chris Pirazzi and Vitida Vasant @2005
Description: A road map for Thai-westem relationships. The must-have relationship
Book
Stock# lOl2CD
guidebook which lets each of you finally express complex issues of both
cultures. Thailand Fever is an astonishing, one-of-a-kind, bilingual
expose of the cultural secrets that are the key to a smooth rhai-western
relationship.
US$15.95 Stock # l0l7B
*************i<*
*******r<*t
*****
Title:
Improving Your Thai Pronunciation
Author:
Description:
Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2003
Designed to help foreingers maximize their potential in pronour*cing Thai
words and enhance their Thai listening and speaking skills. Shtder'fis wi{l
find that they have more confidence in speaking the language a'nd calir
make themselves understood better. The book and the CDs are rr*ade to
be used in combination. The course is straight forward, easy to follow and
compact. Paperback. 48 pages. 5" x 7.5" + One-hour CD
US$15.00 Stock # 101IBCD
Book & CD
Title:
Thai-English, English-Thaisoftware Dictionary for palm os pDAs -With Search-by-Sound
Author:
Benjawan Poomsan Becker and Chris pirazzi @2003
Description: This software dictionary provides instant access to 21,000 English,
Phonetic and Thai Palm OS PDA with large, clear fonts and everyday
vocabulary. If you're not familiar with the Thai alphabet, you can also
look up Thai words by their sounds. Perfect for the casual traveller or the
dedicated Thai leamer. Must have a palm OS pDA and access to the
Internet in order to use this product.
Book &
CD-ROM US$39.95
Stock
# I013BCD-ROM
Title:
Author:
Thai for Beginners Software
Description:
Benjawan Poomsan Becker and Dominique Mayrand @2004
Best Thai language software available in the market! Designed especially
for non-romanized written Thai to help you to rapidly improve your
listening and reading skills ! Over 3,000 recordings of both male and
female voices. The content is similar to the book Thai for Beginners, but
with interactive exercises and much more instantly useful words and
phrases. Multiple easy-to-read font styles and sizes. Super-crisp
enhanced text with romanized transliteration which can be turned on or
Title:
Author:
Description:
Book &
DVD
off for all items.
Book &
CD-ROM US$40.00
*
Title:
Author:
{<
{.
Stock# I0I6BCD-ROM
* * * * * *i< * * * 4.{.
Cambodian for Beginners
Description:
.
,
Book
Three CDs
Richard K. Gilbert @2004
Designed for either self-study or classroom use. Teaches all four
language skills- speaking, listening (when used in conjunction with the
CDs), reading and writing. Offers clear, easy, step-by-step instruction
building on what has been previously leamed.
Paperback. 292pages.6"x 8.5"
US$12.95 Stock # l0l5B
US$20.00 Stock # 1015CD
Thai Law for Foreigners
RuengsakThongkaew @2006
Description: Thai law made easy for foreigners. This unique book includes
information regarding imrnigration, family, property, civil and criminal
law used in Thailand. very useful for both visilors and those who live in
Thailand. written by an experienced rhai trial lawyer. It contains both
the Thai text and full English translation.
***:*********
Title:
Author:
- languageskills- speaking, listening
Book
Three CDs
Description:
Book
Three CDs
Vietnamese for Beginners
Jake Catlett @2006
Designed for either self-study or classroom use. Teaches all four
langqage skills- speaking, listening (when used in conjunction with the
CDs), reading and writing. Offers clear, easy, step-by-step instruction
building on what has been previously learned.
Paperback. 320 pages. 6" x 8.5"
US$12.95 Stock # l02OB
US$20.00 Stock # l020CD
Gene Mesher @2006
*+*************
Title:
Author:
Descripion:
***************
Title:
Author:
Thaih#
useful guide for those who are interested in retiring in Thailand. It
contains critical information for retirees, such as how to get a retirement
visa, banking, health care, renting and buying property, weryday life
issues and other important retirement factors. It aiso iists Thailand's top
retirement locations. It's a must for anyone considering living the good
life in the Land of Smiles.
Gene Mesher @2006
Designed for either self-study or classroom use. Teaches all four
(when used in conjunction with the
CDs), reading and writing. Offers clear, easy, step-by-step instruction
building on what has been previously leamed.
Paperback. 320 pages. 6" i 8.5"
US$12.95 Stock # l0l9B
US$20.00 Stock # l020CD
Retiring in
Description: A very
Burmese for Beginners
Description:
I
Title:
Author:
*************d<*
Title:
Author:
Practical Thai Conversation DVD Volume
Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2006
This new media for leaming Thai comei witfi i booklet and a DVD, y<
will enjoy watching and listening td this program and learn the Thai
language in a way you have never done before. Use it on your TV,
desktop or laptop. The course is'straight forward, easy to ioliow and
compact. A must-have for all Thai leqrners!
DVD and Paperback, 65 pagqp 4.8" {'7.1"
US$15.00 Stock # l0l86DVD
Living
Thai
Your Guide to Contemporary Thai Expressions
Benjawan Poomsan Becker @2006
This series of books and CDs is a collection of numerous words and
exp-ressions used by modern Thai speakers. It will help you to understand
colloquial rhai and to express yourself naturally. you will not find these
phases in any textbooks. It's a language course that all rhai leamers have
been waiting for. lmpress your Thai friends with the real spoken Thai.
I-ots of ftrn. Good for students of all levels.
Title:
rhai
Au{tror:
Description:
tser$awarrir Poomsan
Phrase
"-r.
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Bpcker @2006
Tbe best Thai phrase book you can find. It contains thousands of useful
words ard phrases for travelers in many situations. The phrases are
practical and up-to-date and can be used instantly. The CDs that
aceompany the book will help you improve your pronunciation and
expedite your Thai language leaming. you will be able to speak Thai in
no time!
PRIBOON PUBTISHIN6
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NAME OF ITEM
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pubrishing
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Gh$
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rsBN 1 -887521-5t,-2
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