EMT program final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_awcbbn
A patient has just been administered prescribed nitroglycerin.
Their previous complaint of chest pain has been alleviated. Which
of the following is a common side effect of nitroglycerin therapy?
headache
which of the following is a complication of improper hand placement during chest compressions on an adult?
fractured ribs
which of the following signs/symptoms would not be associated
with acute coronary syndrome?
dirrahea
an automated external defibrillator (AED) has delievered the third
shock to a pulseless adult patient. What is the most appropriate
next step?
resume chest compressions
an automated external defibrillator (AED) is indicated in which of
a 24 year old female who is unresponsive with no palpable pulse
the following scenarios?
how long should CPR be conducted between automated external
defibrillator (AED) assessments of a patient's cardiac rythmn
two minutes
which of the following patients is most likely experiencing cardiac a 61 year old male with sudden chest pain, sweating, and shortcompromise
ness of breathe
which of the following descriptions characterizes a normal pulse?
strong and regular
what is the fibrous sac around the heart called?
pericardium
an unresponsive adult patient is found soaked and outside in the
begin cpr while moving the patient in out of the rain, in anticipation
rain. they are apneic and pulseless. what is the most appropriate
of using the AED
initial intervention?
which of the following directly regulates the blood flow through the
capillary beds?
capillary sphincter
a 48 year old male has a history of chronic hypertension and
called ofr help after experiencing sudden, severe pain in the chest
and upper back that started about an hour ago. he describes the
pain as "deep" and constant. the patient has no other associated
symptoms. he takes medication for chronic hypertension. he is
afebrile with a blood pressure of 118/70mm Hg in both upper
extremities, a pulse rate of 122/min, and a respiration rate of
22/min. after the administration of high-flow oxygen, which of the
folllowing is the most appropriate next step?
rapid transport
which of the following are considered causes of shock? select 3
answer options which are correct.
poor vessel function, low fluid volume, pump failure
which of the following statements are correct regarding AED use after a shock is delievered, immediately resume CPR, stop cpr
on an adult cardiac arrest patient? select the 3 answers options briefly when the machine advises or push the analyze button when
which are correct.
prompted, gather information of the arrest event if possible
after a myocardial infarction, when are 90% of myocardial cells
dead in the affected area?
within four to six hours
cardiopulmonary resuscitation is being performed on a patient
who is showing obvious signs of gastric distension. which of the regurgitation of stomach contents with the possibility of aspiration
following is a general concern for patients with gastric distension?
a 65 year old male complains of substernal chest pain that he
rates as an eight on a pain scale of ten. he has a cardiac history
and is prescibed 0.4mg of nitroglycerin for the associated chest
pain. assuming no contraindications arise, what is the common
number of doses of nitroglycerin that EMS personnel may assist
in administering?
three doses
a 58 year old female is complaining of chest pressure and experiencing difficulty breathing. her skin is cool and pale. she states
the pain began an hour prior to EMS arrival. which of the following
is the most appropriate next step?
place in position of comfort
which of the following is a sign or symptom of congestive heart
failure
relief from dyspnea while sitting up, distended neck veins, crackles
1/8
EMT program final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_awcbbn
a 65 year old female was in cardiac arrest: a shock has been
delievered via an automated external defibrillator (AED). she has
a palpable carotid pulse and is breathing adequately with good
skin color. what is the most appropriate next step
give highflow oxygen via non rebreather
which of the following is not one of the most common causes of
error when using an automated external defibrillator (AED)?
battery failure
a 73 year old male is in cardiac arrest. his wife states he collapsed
two minutes prior to EMS arrival, and his physician has signed
a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order for the patient. however, she is
unable to find the written order. what is the most appropriate next
step?
begin resuscitation
when the right ventricle contracts, how does the blood that is
contained in the ventricle flow
to the lungs via the vena cava
an 82 year old male has confirmed cardiac arrest. after the AED
application, a "no shock indicated" message is received. what is
the most appropriate next step?
defibrillate the patient anyway
a 66 year old male calls for help after experiencing substernal
chest pain while mowing his yard. he relates a cardiac history for
which he is prescribed nitroglycerin. he took one dose and rested
prior to EMS arrival, with complete resolution of the pain. which of
the following most likely caused his pain
stable angina
which of the following conditions is the most common cause of
cardiac arrest in children
hypovolemia
a 73 year old male is pulseless and apneic. witnesses say he collapsed 10 minutes ago, and uninterrupted high quality bystander
attach an AED and proceed with rhythm analysis and defibrillation
CPR was initiated five minutes ago. which of the following is the
most appropriate next step?
which of the following statements about the use of an automated AED pads may be used on a periatric patient if pedi pads are not
external defibrillator (AED) is correct
available
a 66 year old male with a history of chronic hypertension complains of a sudden onset headache and nausea. the patient reports a strange feeling in his left arm and weakness, numbness,
and tingling in his left leg. during the interview, his explainations
become confusing, and he complains of visual disturbances. on a
physical exam, his pulse is thready at 126 beats per minute, his
respiration rate is 20 breaths per inute, and his breathing is not
labored, his blood pressure is 218/130 mm Hg what is most likely
occuring
hemorrhagic stroke
a 55 year old male has an extensive cardiac history and may be
experiencing cardiac compromise. when is the most appropriate
time to attach automated external defibrillator (AED) pads
if he becomes pulseless and apneic
what is the maximum tidal volume of a reservoir bag on an adult
bag-valve mask
1600 Ml
an unresponsive and apneic 2 month old has a palpable brachial
pulse of 70 beats per minute but is not breathing. after a ventilation
perform one cycle of chest compressions and attemot to visualize
attempt, the childs chest does not adequately rise. if repositioning
the obstruction
does not open airway which of the following actions would be most
appropriate
an alert and oriented patient may be suffering from carbon
monoxide poisoning. which of the following is the best treatment
for this patient
high flow oxygen with a nonrebreather mask
which of the following is the most appropriate initial intervention place them in the fowler position and administer high flow oxygen
for a hypoxic patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via nonrebreather mask
which of the following will not interfere with the accuracy of a pulse
oximeter
2/8
hypertension
EMT program final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_awcbbn
an unconscious trauma patient has an adequate radial pulse and
snoring respirations at a rate of 16 breaths per minute. which
of the following should be performed to correct these snoring
respirations
perform the jaw thrust
what is the anatomical location of the cricoid cartilage?
inferior to the thyriod cartilage, at the lower portion of the larynx
You are an EMT assisting a paramedic with endotracheal intubation. The paramedic asks you to position the patients head. Which
Placing the head in a hyper flexed position, placing the head in a
of the following positions would not be beneficial for attempting
neutral position, placing the head in a chin-down position
endotracheal intubation in an adult patient? Select the 3 answers
options which are correct
Which of the following occurs during the peripheral capillary cel- Carbon dioxide from cells enter the capillaries and oxygen leaves
lular exchange?
the capillaries and enters the cells
Which of the following results from infections and will most likely
cause respiratory distress in pediatric patients. Select the 3 answer options which are correct
Epiglottitis, tracheitis, croup
Which of the following is not a common sign of airway obstruction
in an unconscious adult patient
Ronchi
A 45 year old make is having difficulty breathing. He is unable to
speak in complete sentences, but his breathing depth is adequate.
His pulse oximetry is 86%. Which of the following is the most
appropriate treatment?
Supplemental oxygen at 15-LPM via nrb
Gas exchange in the lungs and tissues is known as respiration.
Which of the following are considered external factors that may
affect this process? Select the 2 answer options which are correct
Carbon monoxide inhalation, high altitude
A three year old girl is in severe respiratory distress. Her skin is
cool and mottled. She is breathing spontaneously six to seven
times per minute and is unresponsive to verbal or physical stimuli.
She has a palpable pulse at a rate of 138 beats per minute. What
is the most appropriate treatment?
Assist ventilation with a bvm at 15-LPM
Before suctioning, clamp the tubing and ensure that the unit
Which of the following are the correct steps for suctioning a
generates the vacuum of at least 300 MM HG- apply suction in
patient's airway using a powered, portable suction unit? Select the
a circular motion while withdrawing- turn the patients head (if no
3 answer options which are correct.
c-spine injury) and suction from the side
When a responder is assessing respiration rate, which of the
following would not prompt them to restart their count
Dyspnea
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is used in the management of patients with acute pulmonary edema. Which of the
following would be contraindications to using CPAP? Select the 2
answer options which are correct.
Inability to protect the airway, history of recent upper GI
A bystander contacts EMS regarding a cyanotic adult patient.
What is the most likely sign the bystander is seeing?
The patients skin had a blueish color
A 36 year old patient has a decreased level of consciousness.
They also need suctioning due to excessive oral secretions blocking their airway. A suction catheter is measured from the corner
of the mouth to the earlobe. During suctioning of the patient, how
far should the rigid catheter be inserted?
To the measured
Which of the following are indications for CPAP? Select the 3
answer options which are correct.
Rapid breathing that affects minute volume, respiratory distress
after a submersion incident, pulse oximetry under 90% despite
supplemental oxygen
An adult patient has burns that cover over 36% of their total body
surface area, mainly affecting the back and lower extremities. After
the burning process has been stopped and smoldering clothing
removed, which of the following should be the initial treatment for
this patient?
Provide airway control and high-flow oxygen therapy
What is the ideal position in which to place a child's head for the
delivery of adequate ventilation?
Neutral sniffing position
3/8
EMT program final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_awcbbn
which of the following are indications that artificial ventilation is
adequate? Select the 3 answer options which are correct.
Pulse returning to a normal rate, improved oxygen saturation,
equal rise and fall of the chest
Which of the following described as a brassy, crowing breath
sound that is most prominent on inspiration
Stridor
Which of the following statements is true regarding chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Patients with COPD typically have elements of chronic bronchitis
and emphysema but rarely one or the other
An unconscious three year old is in need of an oropharyngeal
airway (OPA) to keep his tongue away from his posterior airway.
Which of the following is considered the best way to determine the
appropriately sized OPA for a pediatric patient?
Measure using a length based measuring tape (breslow tape)
Select the correct mask size. turn on the oxygen source. adjust the
Which of the following is correct procedure for initiating high flow flow of oxygen to 10 to 15 L per minute. Ensure the reservoir bag
oxygen therapy via a nonrebreather mask
is inflated by placing your finger of the bag outlet. placed a mask
over the patient's face and adjust accordingly
A 36-year-old patient took a large dose of heroin he has supine
and semi conscious and begins to vomit which of the following is
most appropriate intervention
Roll the patient onto his left side
An adult patient keeps pulling off is nonrebreather mask stating
that he can I have it on his face the patient needs supplemental
oxygen which of the following is most appropriate
Provide oxygen Via a nasal cannula at a rate of 6 L per minute
Which of the following is a contraindication to an oropharyngeal
airway
Any Patient with an intact gag reflex
30 year old hypoglycemic diabetic patient is conscious but some
Administer oil glucose as long as the patient has an intact gag
what confused about person place and time which of the following
reflex
would be most appropriate for treatment
A 20 year old asthmatic patient is experiencing shortness of
breath. on scene, the patient says that they have a meter dose
inhaler in their backpack but needs assistance in getting it. what is
the mechanism of action of albuterol when delivered via a metered
dose inhaler
Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
A 15 year old female has a profuse nontraumatic Vaginal bleeding.
Which of the following is the most appropriate method to control
his patients bleeding?
Place a sanitary pad on the external genitalia
A female patient is complaining of stomach pain. she reports a
history of peptic ulcers. in which region of the abdomen is the
stomach located?
Left upper quadrant
Which of the following scenarios is oral glucose most appropriate
58-year-old male who acts intoxicated and takes insulin
Which of the following can be a cause of upper G.I. bleed? Select
the two answer options which are correct
Mallory-weiss syndrome, esophageal rupture
A new mother has delivered her baby. When is it appropriate to cut
the umbilical cord
After the code stops pulsating
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of Betta blocker
toxicity select the three answer your options which are correct
Coma, bradycardia, hypotension
Which of the following is an early sign of respiratory distress in a
pediatric patient
Agitation
Which of the following is a common finding in hyperglycemia but
not hypoglycemia
Vomiting
A patient has your stopped exhibiting a generalized matter seizure
in which of the following states is a patient most likely to be
Self resolve lack of orientation to person place or time
A newborn gives a weak cry in response to stimuli. In which of the
section of the Apgar scoring system does this assessment belong
Grimace
Which of the following statements are true regarding neonates
select the two answer options which are correct
Newborn swaying under 2.5 pounds or at a greater risk for complications, prematurely is the most common cause of respiratory
distress in newborns
4/8
EMT program final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_awcbbn
According to the OPQRST mnemonic, which is used to obtain
information regarding a patient's chief complaint, what does the
"S" represent
Severity
Which of the following symptoms would most likely indicate compensated shock in a child
Tachycardia
Which of the following is an appropriate respiratory rate for an
infant
36 breaths a minute
A six-year-old male accidentally ingested a bottle of baby aspirin
less than 15 minutes before EMS arrival. Medical direction orders
administration of activated charcoal at a dose of 1 g per km of the
patient's body weight. Which of the following distance should just
would be an appropriate for this 40 pound patient?
18 grams
A patient has a partially obstructed airway. Which of the following
findings is expected?
Stridor
Which of the following medications are anticonvulsants that an
EMT may see prescribed for a patient with a seizure disorder?
Select the 2 answer options in which are correct
Tegretol, klonopin
A 32-year-old male patient appears to be intoxicated. Bystanders
are unaware of any alcohol or drug use. They report that the
patient seem to be fine until he begin acting drunk. Which of the
following is the most likely the cause?
Hypoglycemia
A 19-year-old female is complaining of general malaise he and
shortness of breath. She is sweaty, is breathing very salary, and
has pinpoint pupils. Which of the following is most likely cause of
her signs and symptoms?
Opioid overdose
A 15-year-old female has a prefers nontraumatic vaginal bleeding
which of the following is most appropriate method to control this
patient's bleeding?
Place a sanitary pad over the vagina
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of a hypertensive
emergency? Select the three options which are correct
Bounding pulse, ringing in the ears, severe headache
Which of the following describes are appropriate sizing of sphyg- Wrapped around the arm 1 to 1.5 times, standing 2/3 the length
momanometer?
of the armpit to the elbow crease
Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of preeclampsia?
Seizures
On a heart afternoon, a 64-year-old obese with no discernible
medical history complains of a weakness and muscle cramps. He
has a rapid heartbeat. Which of the following is most likely?
Heat exhaustion
Which of the following is likely to be a complication of hemodialysis? Select the three answer options which are correct
Electrolyte in balance, muscle cramps, hypotension
10-year-old patient is in respiratory distress. During the assessment, the patient is wheezing and has hives covering most of their
face and torso. The patient says their tongue swelling. Which of
the following is likely occurring?
Severe allergic reaction
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of preeclampsia?
Select the three answer options which are correct.
Protein in her urine, swelling of the hands and feet, headaches
20-year-old asthmatic patient is experiencing shortness of breath.
On scene, the patient says that they have a meter does inhaler
in their backpack but needs assistance in getting it. What is the
mechanism of action of a butyryl when delivered via a meter dosed
inhaler
Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
Sterilization is defined as which of the following
A process that removes all microbial contamination
START triage is used in mass casualty scenes to sort and prioritize patients. What are the components of START triage? Select
the 3 answer options which are correct.
Breathing, circulation, mental status
Does have another vehicle occupant
5/8
EMT program final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_awcbbn
Which Of the following suggest a significant mechanism of injury
during a motor vehicle collision
And on duty and he refuses to initiate care for a patient who is
Ruben on verbally or physically abusive. The EMT stays on seeing
until the alternate a unit arrived. The patient dies as a result in
theAnd on duty and he refuses to initiate care for a patient who is
Ruben on verbally or physically abusive. The EMT stays on seeing
until the alternate a unit arrived. The patient dies as a result of the
delay of care. which of the following has occurred?
Negligence
Which of the following are hand tools that may be used in a vehicle
rescue? Select the 2 answer options which are correct
Window punch, pry bar
a 22 year old female has multiple facial injuries. the patient states
that her husband assaulted her. she goes on to say that this is not
the first incident. while you are treating the patient, the husband
returns and demands to be left alone with his wife. which of the
following is the most appropriate next step?
request police assistance
which of the following best describes the proper stance in preparation for a power lift?
lock the back in a slight curve and spread and bend the legs
which of the following may be signs of post-traumatic stress disfeelings of hopelessness, guilt, or low self-worth/ losing interest in
order (PTSD) after responding to a mass-casualty event? Select
activities/ changes in eating habits
the 3 answer options which are correct
which of the following are nerve agents that cause the immediate
onset of symptoms after expposure? Select the 3 answer options
which are correct
VX, Sarin, Tabun
which of the following is an example of a standing order?
providing oxygen to a patient with chest pain
which of the following is not a function of a patient care report?
prevent lawsuits
a hold-up has occured at a local mall. police are already on
the scene, searching for the shooter. through the store window,
a person who has been shot can be seen. what is the most
appropriate next step?
await police instructions on whether the scene is safe
which of the following would have right to otherwise confidential
information without expressed patient consent?
a third party billing representative
which of the following statements describe the correct locarion of
the decontamination corridor is in the warm zone, the command
key elements of a HAZMAT scene? Select the 2 answer options
post is in the cold zone
which are correct
an error was discovered after the submission of a patient care
report to a receiving hospital. which of the following is the most
appropriate step?
submit an addendum with the new information
which of the following is not an example of an emergency medical
responder?
bystander trained in bls
Law enforcement request medical care for a "man down" once
the scene is deemed safe, assessment of the patient begins. A
shotgun is noticed under the bed next to the patient. What is the
most appropriate next step?
Inform law enforcement immediately of this discovery
Which of the following are examples of containers that are used
to Transport hazardous materials? Select the 3 answer options
which are correct
Drums, cylinders, carboys
The ideal learning zone is a level area of grass or hard surface that
Which of the following statements are correct regarding EMS
is 100' x 100' or larger/ should be free of overhead obstacle such
helicopter landing zone? Select the three answer options which
as powerlines trees etc./ should be free of debris such as gravel
are correct
litter etc.
an armed robbery has just occurred at a local store. police are
on the scene. through a large front window of the store, several
injured people are visible. At what time is it appropriate to enter
the scene
After police state the scene is safe
6/8
EMT program final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_awcbbn
Which of the following should new included in the "O" section of a
document completed using the SOAP method?
Physical findings on examination
Which of the following allows an emergency medical technician to
tear and transport an unresponsive adult patient?
Implied consent
Which of the following would most effectively represent proper
communication with a patient?
To a 64 year old : "Ma'am, it is important that you are assessed to
an emergency department."
An alert and stable male patient is brought to an emergency
department. Upon arrival, all of the emergency staff are busy. The
patient is left in an empty exam room; the patient agrees to this,
staying he will be fine alone until the staff is free to attend to him.
The report is left in the room with the patient. Which of the following
has occurred?
Abandonment
In which of the following scenarios are gloves likely to be the only
personal protective equipment required?
Attempting to stop minor bleeding from a suspected capillary
source
Which of the following are part of the department of transportation
(DOT) marking system for hazardous materials? Select the 3
answer options which are correct.
Labels, placards, markings
Which of the following is correct in regard to approaching a medical transport helicopter?
Approach after the pilot signals it is clear to do so
Which of the following is an appropriate strategy while moving a
Communicate constantly with those involved in the lifting/moving
patient to the ambulance?
What is the main purpose of a detailed physical examination?
To reveal any hidden or less obvious injured that may not have
been found in the initial assessment
Which of the following is the best definition of an incident commander (IC)
An individual responsible for all incident activities, including the
development of strategies and tactics and the ordering and release of resources
Which of the following has the potential to cause the most internal
bleeding?
Pelvic fracture
A 20 year old patient has a possible knee dislocation from skiing.
During the physical exam, the presence and quality of the popliteal
artery is assessed. What is the location of the popliteal artery?
The posterior knee
A 10 year old girl had a cut on her face. Which of the following is
not an appropriate way to interact with this patient?
Bargain with the child if necessary to complete the assessment
Jugular vein distention can occur in which type of shock
Obstructive shock
An unconscious adult patient has sustained a large laceration to
the upper right thigh. Their skin is cool, clammy, and pale. The
patient had a palpable carotid pulse but no palpable radial pulse.
The patients systolic blood pressure must be at least which of the
following?
70 mm Hg
Which set of adult vital signs suggest early hypothermia?
Pulse of 96 beats per minute, rapid/shallow respiration's at 28
breaths per minute, blood pressure of 116/72 mm Hg, skin that
is cool and flushed
During a high school football game, a 15 year old male was hit in
the chest and abdomen during a hard tackle. Bystanders stated
it took him a minute or 2 to get up, but he seemed fine for the
remainder of the quarter. At halftime, the player complained of
sharp, left upper quadrant pain in his abdomen that radiated to
his left shoulder. Which of the following was the most likely cause
of this pain?
Splenic injury
Which of the following is not an appropriate treatment for hypothermia
Place hot water bottles directly on the skin of axilla and groin
which of the following steps is not part of a rapid exam to assess
life threatening injuries?
Assess pupillary response
7/8
EMT program final exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_awcbbn
A 65 year old female fell and hurt her ankle. The ankle has an
obvious deformity. After splinting the ankle, which of the following
is appropriate to assess?
pulse, distal to the injury/ sensation, distal to the injury/ motor
response of the affected limb
Which of the following is a potential complication specific to burns
of the airway and not most other external burns?
Airway inflammation
Which of the following are acceptable methods of bleeding control
Apply tourniquet/ apply a pressure dressing/ apply of topic hemothat an EMT can use? Select the 3 answer options which are
static agents with direct pressure
correct.
A 25 year old female was swimming at a community pool. She is
conscious but confused and unable to get out of the water due to
new-onset paraparesis. Which of the following is suspected until
proven otherwise?
Spinal trauma
Which of the following is not a cause of hypovolemic shock
Severe infection
When should a patients distal pulse, motor function, and sensation be assessed in regard to
splinting?
Before and after applying the tourniquet
An injury to the neck could damage which of the following? Select
the 3 answer options which are correct.
Esophagus, larynx, carotid arteries
The application of spinal precautions among at risk patients is
paramount. These include which of the following?
Maintenance of in-line stabilization during any necessary movement or transfer, application of a cervical collar, adequate security
to a stretcher with minimal movement or transfer
22-year-old female fell from a two-story apartment window onto
concrete. She is conscious, appears alert, and consciousness, but
she does complainer cervical spine pain. Which of the following
findings is expected?
Unequal pupils
A trauma patient has sustained a blunt force injury to the costovertebral region. Which of the following most be indicated for a
kidney injury?
Hematuria
Which of the following is expected for a patient who has suffered
a retinal detachment
Complaints of flashes of light
A patient has had skin talk contact with a posion. for how long
should their skin be flooded with water
15 to 20 minutes
Which of the following would not be considered a high priority
patient
A patient with an avulsion of the left lower leg
A 31 year old male has a suspected spinal injury but seems
otherwise stable. How often should his vital signs be reassessed
during transport
Every five minutes
If injured, which of the following will likely result in the greatest
blood loss?
Liver
A patient suffered a possible head injury after a fall from a ladder.
There is slight bleeding mixed with clear fluid from the ears and
bleeding from the back of the skull. In-line spine stabilization and
airway management and breathing are completed. Which of the
following is not an appropriate treatment option?
Apply pressure to the wound on the back of the skull
Which of the following is most appropriate intervention for a patient
having an active seizure
Move objects out of the patient's way
Patient has sustained a basilar skull fracture. Which of the following is not a specific to a basilar skull fracture
Seizures
When is it appropriate to elevate an extremity to assist in the
control of bleeding
If there are no impaled objects, unsplinted fractures, or risks to
other wounds
Which of the following can be treated with the traction splint
Mid femoral fracture
A patient is experiencing hypovolemic shock due to uncontrolled
hemorrhaging. Which of the following signs or symptoms is not
expected
Bradycardia
8/8