Water pollution in Hanoi Group 1: Khanh An, Duy Bach, Tue Chi, Thanh Dat, Dang Thinh Table of contents 01 02 03 Current situation Causes Consequences 04 05 Chemical process Solutions 01 Current situation Hanoi is facing increasing water related challenges. These include a high level of pollution in its rivers, lakes, and groundwater. About the current situation in Hanoi In the sewers, rivers and lakes in Hanoi, the water is black and stinky, making it impossible for creatures such as fish, shrimp... to live. Example: To Lich River: every day the river receives 150 000 m³ of wastewater. Much of it is untreated wastewater from residential and industrial households. ● There are many dead fish floating on the surface of West Lake during September. Many fish carcasses began to decompose, giving off an unpleasant odor. ● - According to a report from Hanoi Natural Resources & Environment Department: ● The amount of wastewater from production, business and daily activities reaches about 300,000 tons everyday. ● The amount of household wastewater treated before being discharged into the environment is only about 10%. - Along with that, tens of tons of metal, hundreds of tons of grease, viruses, and disease-causing bacteria are discharged directly into the environment. 02 Causes Causes - The chemical industry develops, most industrial and handicraft waste is left untreated. - Wastewater from factories, craft villages, and residential areas is not treated correctly before being discharged into rivers and lakes. - The amount of wastewater flowing into the lake has exceeded its self-cleaning capacity, leading to deterioration of water quality and increased sediment in the lake. Some garbage collection points are left for a long time without being processed or transported to other places. When it rains, garbage flows onto the street and drains into some sewers, causing them to clog and flood with wastewater, forming black puddles. The water gradually seep into the underground water, polluting the water source for human consumption. Causes Objective reasons: - People’s awareness of cleaning the surrounding environment is still low. They keep throwing trash inappropriately, contaminating the underwater sources by over-using pesticides, herbicides… - The awareness of many management agencies, organizations and individuals responsible for protecting the water environment is not deep enough to see that water pollution causes direct danger and difficult to overcome. 03 Consequences Deteriorating water quality is damaging the environment, health conditions and the economy. Effects Animals and plants: - Aquatic organisms gradually die because their habitat is directly affected. - Chemicals and bacteria that exist in water cause living organisms and plants to die -> imbalance the ecosystem. - Causes plants to become stunted, grow difficulty or even unable to grow. Human: - The rate of people suffering from diseases related to water pollution (conjunctivitis, diarrhea, cancer..). is increasing. - People living around polluted areas are suffering from diseases suspected to be caused by using dirty water. - Many areas have no access to clean water to drink or sanitation (e.g: Hoang Mai, Ha Dong, Thanh Xuan District…) Economical effects: - Causes damage to the economy because it is costly to treat and prevent pollution - Causes great losses to production and business sectors, agriculture, aquaculture... - The black water source with a foul smell makes foreign tourists feel uncomfortable when traveling to Vietnam, making tourism increasingly lose its image in the eyes of international tourists. 04 Chemical processes Chemical process: - For example, the pesticides are good for plants because it kills the parasites but only in a small amount. When it is too much, the chemical reaction happens: C12H21N2O3PS + micro organisms → CO2 + H2O + NO3+ PO4(3-) + other breakdown products - This can make the pH of the water lower, affect the soil become acidic and can’t use to plant crops anymore. Water can become solid because of some salts of calcium and magnesium and the water is unusable. Biological process - Oxygen-demanding waste is an extremely important pollutant to ecosystems. Bacteria decompose dead organic matter (chemically represented in a simplified way as CH2O) and remove dissolved oxygen (O2) according to the following reaction: CH2O + O2 → CO2 + H2O - Too much decaying organic matter in water will remove oxygen from water, which can kill fish and other aquatic organisms. 05 Solutions 1. Wastes need to be treated right before dumping into rivers. 2. Heavier punishment for those who going against the rules. 3. Raising awareness about exploitation and water usage. 4. Reorganising agricultural produce to ensure it is suitable for each region. THANKS FOR LISTENING! If you have any questions, please ask now!
