A1 Design context:
Context: I Have been carrying heavy bags since i was 10 everyday for school.It
would be very tiring for me as i used to also travel long distances. However as
side effect my back had somewhat compressed for a while also ruining my
posture near my neck.
An Interview will be conducted asking students basic questions as well as photos of the weight of
their bags additionally a drawing of the spine will be taken and compared to an ideally straight
spine
Bono Vaid: Student at RCHK (Year 7) Age:11
Lynette Chan:
Student at RCHK
(Year 12 suffers)
Age :17
Problem & Design opportunities: As this is a relevant issues with lots of kids and the
recommended weight that a kid should carry is 10% of their total body weight by the
EDB. It leaves the solution to this problem quite open as the solution would be
something that helps reduce the stress of heavy textbooks, notebooks, etc on the
human spine. This could possibly stop the stunting of adolescent growth as well as
prevent future spinal issues such as scoliosis.
Using inventor calculator the product would be in largely populated areas with kids
between the ages of 12-24.
Guidline of reducing weight in school Bags:
chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://applications.
edb.gov.hk/circular/upload/EDBC/EDBC15017E.pdf
A2 Design Brief:
heavy
Health hazard
People could develop spinal
issues.
Fatigue could easily occur.
Design Brief & Outcome:
Produce a product that will help relieve stress on the
back by using other muscles in the human body, And to
reduce the risk of several health hazards such as
scoliosis.
Limitations
Feasibility
End user
Broad requirements:
-Reduce health risks
-Easy to use
-should be usable
with with school
bags -reduces
fatigue
The product Time & The solution
would Facilities:would be
mostlikely be aimed
quite large -Access to towards kids
and not as materialsaged 10-18
ergonomic with or
reducing the -Able to take without
ease of measuremenspinal issues
usage on the ts and data aimed to
user.needed:prevent/help
ease the
stress of
heavy bags.
A3A
3 D Deessigignn S sppeeccifiif
Target audience:
Rationale T1:
Based on research spinal injuries can be caused dues
to compression of the spine.
T1:
Product has to be easily
accessible to use for all age
groups and different types of
clients with in the age groups.
Scoliosis- Occurs when multiple sclerosis develops, it
directly targets the nerve system in the spine.
Based on previous data gathering in A1 (pg.1) it is
shown children carry over 10%. Which could lead to
results of spinal injury or continued degradation of
already existing health issues
User need:
Fig 3.
U1:
Must be comfortable
for people with spinal
health issues.
Rationale U1:
The prototype has to be
comfortable for usage to void
any discomfort that may
potentially worsen spinal
conditions, and avoid user
fatigue.
Fig 4.
Production constraints:
P1:
The product has to be
produced by december 2023.
Unique selling point:
A
A
Material selection:
Rationale M1:
Materials should be elastic as to
accompany for the force of the human
back being exerted and allowing user
comfortability for extended usage.
Rationale M2:
As to accompany for extreme weathers,
sweat, and humidity, the product should be
waterproof as places like Hong kong face
extreme weather conditions repeatedly.
M1:
Elastic material is needed for
comfortability
M2:
Product should be waterproof (from
a non-porous material)
Evidence
Function
:
F1:
Is able to correct posture
Rationale
F2:
is able to reduce the stress of
bags on the human body.
F3:
The product should be customisable
to the user’s needs.
Fig 1.
: F1:
The main purpose of the prototype is to
help correct postures for those with or
without spinal injuries.
F2:
The weight of heavy bags often creates
fatigue for the client. The prototype will be
designed in order to reduce the fatigue
experienced by the client for longer use
during the day
F3:
Spinal posture varies for different people.
To help correct posture the product will
have foam inserts to adjust to the clients
liking, and comfortability.
Fig 2.
A3 Design specifications
Aesthetics:
A1 Rationale:
A1:
Solid plain colors will be used
without patterns.
Fig 5.
Results gathered from a survey i
have conducted most responses
share a similarity to plain simple
colours without patterns. This will be
done to avoid clashing colours with
other clothes being worn.
Quantity:
Rationale
Q1:
The product will be produced in
a batch style production
Size:
S1:
Product will be 310mm x
460mm
: Q1;
The product will be cheaper to produce
if done in batch style saving on material
cost and producing little waste material.
This is done to uphold a sustainable
production method.
Rationale
: S1:
Product will be this large as to
accommodate to the back of the
user and bag in order to create a
comfortable fit.
Criteria B1:
Develop and refine Ideas
Product is
lightweight as
needed with criteria
specs.
Opens and closes to
adjust to all percentile
ranges for back size
Product is large
in size adn is not
compact and
easy to use.
Scissor based
mechanics used for
Physio Pleasure
Criteria B1:
Develop and refine Ideas
Features: Bridging
placed underneath
foam fo flexibility of
product.
Pros: Allows for continuous
usability. Product is made of
bamboo wood low density
Cons: Large in size
inefficient space usage
in bag.
Ergonomic design
interferes with
client comfort
Features: Holsters that
attach to backpack allow
easy usability for client.
Criteria B1:
Develop and refine Ideas
Improper bag seccurity
porous material susceptipal to water
damage and can cause dsicomfort.
Reduced size and less
material used to lighten load.
Reduces fatigue Low density
material foam and bamboo
wood.
Criteria B1:
Develop and refine Ideas
Cons:
Product clearance too
large client useability.
High brethability open
spaces to provide proper
airflow.
User tolerance created by
allowing flexible material
to absorb excess force.
Low breathability
casuing discomfort
in humid weathers.
Criteria B1:
Develop and refine Ideas
Flexibility
allows for
different
users/client
percentile
ranges.
Compa ct
in size
allowin g
for easier
usabilit y,
Utilises different muscle
groups reducing fatigue.
Hight
breathabilty
non-porous
material.
Criteria B1:
Develop and refine Ideas
Allows easy attachment
to backpack.
User tolerance
created with flexible
material and design.
High breathability with
open space for humid
weathers.
Porous material
possible finshes to
waterproof wood.
Provides additional
muscle support
offloading weight.
Features of the Product:
Provides users with
customizable options based
on percentile ranges.
The product is larger in size,
offering ample space for user
interaction.
Criteria B2:
Concept Modelling
Low adjustability
for user needs.
visually show
how backpack
attaches
Smaller in size easier to use.
Criteria B2:
Concept Modelling
Done in order to understand
scale and mechanism going to be
used for user adjustability.
Displays the
adjustability
components of the
product.
Product does not
stay in fixed position.
Reduce clearance of
adjustability.
Criteria B2:
Concept Modelling
Low flexibility and heavy
in weight compromises
for strength.
Compact for easier
usability.
Less machanics
to avoid
complicated
issues
Shows the
method of
assembly for
product.
low tensile strength/contorsions
Criteria B2:
Concept Modelling
Displays the
full product
capabilities
Large in size and
harder to use.
Memory foam
conformed to
model of a
human back
for maximum
comfort
Light weight
reducing fatigue
Uses different
muscle groups
to reduce
fatigue
Holster is
something
that can be
use in the
final design
process
Criteria B3:
Justify an appropriate idea for
detailed development
Justififcation:
Taking specific elements from all previous designs and combining
them all into one design. This design allows for easy and longer
wearability as the product is made of nylon which is a very
breathable fabric and has enough toughness and ductility allowing
for adjustability for all sizes and percentiles helping reduce fatigue
for the user. The design also helps conform to the user's size and
shape with memory foam allowing for tailored specifications to
meet requirements of user needs. The designs met most of the
specifications allowing user customizability, and reducing user
fatigue prolonging usage of the product and increasing the overall
feasibility of the design. While initial client feed back was overall
positive aspects of the design could be refined the designs were
missing some element that the client thought was essential to their
needs. One aspect of feedback was to help create some support
from the front of the design to help balance weight avoiding
imbalances. Another piece of feedback given from the client was to
replace the velcro with something else to provide more security to
the placement of the bag as velcro has low durability to prolonged
Criteria C1:
Justify material components and
manufacturing techniques.
Materials/component
s
Synthetic fabrics
Metals
Propeties
ductile material allowing for torsion and
contorsion, flexible with high tensile
strength.
Rigid, dense material, some containing magnetics
properties allowing for two components to join
together.
Aesthetics
Woven material with porous properties
allows breathability. Smooth and silky
texture
reflective porperties ,smooth finish.
Source
Finite resource that is made from
refining crude oil .
Finite resources with intense chemicals
processing /refining method.
Morals
non-recyclable material, no
decomposition, water pollution
produced.
Health hazards fo workers in mines. oridces toxic
pollution often affeecting water supplies.
Syntehtic fabrics
Properties
Aesthetics
Fesability in
relation to design
Nylon
Polyester
Elastane
Elastic, High tensil
strength
Elastic, Hightensil
strength, high
toughness, porous
material
Elastic, High
tesnsile strngth,
low breathability.
Shine, non-porous
Similar feel to
wool, linene, and
silk.
Shine, similar to
rubber.
Alows for
adjustability based
on user-need
however low
breathability.
Is elastic allowing
adjustability, High
breahtbaility for
humid
environmetns,
maintains orginal
shape.
Allows for
adjustability, Low
breathability.
Criteria C1:
Justify material components and
manufacturing techniques.
FEA analyses
Stress tests from Fusion
360 applying 50 newtons of
froce approximately 5kg of
weight. shows very little
deformity and structural
weakness.
Criteria C1:
Justify material components and
manufacturing techniques.
Criteria C2:
Criteria C2:
Criteria C2:
Criteria C2:
Criteria C2:
Criteria C2:
Criteria C2:
Criteria C2:
Bill of materials
800mmx800mm
Nylon polyester fabric
mix
2x (145x30x70mm)
Bag clips
300mmx300mmx500
Memory foam
Loctite glue
Criteria C3: Plan for Production
St
e
p
Task
#
1
Export 2D
CAD
Drawing as
DXF file to
software of
choice.
Prepare
lasser cutter
and adjust
settings
accordingly
#
2
#
3
Export 3D
CAD
drawing to
STL file. 3D
printing.
Joining cut
fabrics
together
Process
CNC
machine
processi
ng
Additive
3D
printing
process
Stitching
, Gluing
process
Equipm
ent
Laser
cutter
DXF
support
ed CAD
sofware
Quality control
1. Checking material for
defects before being fed
to machine.
2. Ensuring Design files
show correct dimensions
and patterns.
Risk assesment
Protect eyes: Wear
safety gogles with Ligh
reducing properties.
Fire Hazards: Flamable
Material may combust
and catch fire.
3D
filament
printer
1. Ensuring filament material
have no defects
2. ensuring correct
dimension on files
3. ensuring 3D printer
settings have been adjusted
to material accordingly.
1. expulsion of toxic
fumes and ultra
fine particles.
2.
Fire hazards
involves as 3D
printers use high
temperatures to
melt materials.
Sewing
machine
, Loctite
glue
1. have out lines and mark
components that t need
to be fixed together.
2. place adhesive glue on
areas and wait to cure,
secure points with
stitching to ensures
strong bond and increase
durability.
1. Toxic fumes
Possibly emitted
2. potential accidents
from sewing machine.
#
4
Cutting
memory
foam to fit
users back.
hot wire
foam
cutter,
subtracti
ve
process
Hot wire
foam
cutter
1.wear heat resistant gloves
to ensure hands are
protected from high heats
generated by wire cutter.
2.Wear mask to prevents
toxic fumes emitted by foam
entering the raspatory
systems
1.Toxic fumes
2.potential fire
hazards as heat from
foam is enough to
cause fire on the foam
if not handled
correctly.