作文高级表达
高级词汇短语及表达
一.名词
人
people 单复数同形
individuals
citizens
the general public = ordinary people 没有 s
folks= people in general
老人
old people
=the old
= the elderly（表示一类人，复数）+动词原形+are
= the aged
=senior citizens= older folks
pensioner
年轻人
the young= young people= youngsters(无确定年龄段)
teens
= teenagers (13-19)
= adolescents (12-18)
= teenage offspring （单复数同形）
teenage adj. 青少年的；十几岁的 n. 青少年时期
adolescence
n. 青春期，青春
students reaching puberty 进入青春期
juveniles n.青少年，未成年人 a.
小孩子
children=kids
=offspring （单复数同形）
= descendants
= preschoolers （学龄前儿童）
同位语 we students
we citizens
us humans
character 特殊的人
优点 好处
advantages n.优势，优点
benefits n.优势益处（不可数）
profit n.好处利益
merits n.优点长处
strengths n.优点长处
优势，强项；长处
virtues n. 优点；长处；用处 （可数）=adventages
upside n.正面（单数）
edge a slight advantage over sb/sth （微弱的）优势（单数）
positives n. 优势；优点
superiority
缺点 坏处
disadvantages n.不利短处
shortcomings n.短处缺点
deficiencies n.缺点缺陷
defects n.缺点瑕疵
weaknesses n.缺点弱点
drawbacks n. 缺点，不利条件
downsides n.缺点
flaws
faults
demerits
错误
mistakes
= faults (熟词僻义?)
=errors
≈fallacies a false idea that many people believe is true n. 谬见；谬论；谬误
≈bug（特指计算机错误)
=blunders （粗心的错误，不故意的错误）
名声（名人类举例，教育类—对学校的好处）
reputations
fame （不可数）
renown （不可数）名誉；声望
prestige （不可数）威信；声望；威望
方法 方式 途径 措施
approaches to doing sth
ways
way to do= way of doing sth in this
methods of doing （系统性的方法）
manners
means (一定有 s，单复数同形)
in…fashion
a means of doing
by means of
顶点，巅峰 （图表类作文—描述变化）
top
peak
顶峰；高峰
crest 山顶；顶峰；波峰
summit
zenith
鼎盛时期；顶峰
climax
reach a
nadir n.低谷
影响
影响
influence v/n
impact
effect
作用影响效果效应
repercussion （间接的）（不好的）影响，反响，恶果
implication n. 可能的影响（或作用、结果） implication for/of sth
形容影响
有影响力的 influential
好影响：salutary 有益的（尽管往往让人不愉快）
beneficial
favorable
坏影响：devastating
detrimental
深远 far-reaching profound
大的 outsized
negative
adverse toxic hazardous
产生影响
have a strong/ profound/far-reaching influence on sbsth
exert an impact on
have implications for
impose a very harmful effect on
impose 强加不好的影响
wreak havoc on sth：Their policies would wreak havoc on the economy.
have repercussions for sth
有助于，有利于
help sth do
benefit from sth
profit from sth
be beneficial to
contribute to
be favorable for sb to
be advantageous to
be in one’s favor
favor sb/sth
有害
harm
do harm to
威胁
menace n. 威胁；危险的人（或物）
pose a threat to…
threat n.
threaten v.
8.事情，事件
thing
= businesses n.
= matters
商务；公事 n. 重要事情 a matter, an event or a situation 事情；事件；状况
事态；当前的状况=things
≈ issues 有争议十万问题
≈ affairs
（有特殊性质的事）
events
accidents
business ：important matters that need to be dealt with or discussed （需要处理或讨论的）重要事情，
要点
private/world/ international/ business/ family affair （特殊性质的事）
能力
ability to do
capacity for
componence of
capability of
knack of/for
有能力的
顾客
customer
client
consumer
shopper
purchaser
patron
二.动词
认为，主张，表达观点=I think ,I believe
1.1
argue
assume
deem
reckon
insist
maintain
assert
contend
admit
elaborate
affirm
assert
详尽阐述；详细描述
明确肯定；断言，坚称
断言
assume （没证据）认为
allege （未提出证据）断言，指称，声称
be convinced that 相信
hold the perspective that…
take the attitude that…
观点，立场
opinion
viewpoint standpoint
argument 论点
perspective
大家认为
It is generally admitted that
It is commonly acknowledged that
It is commonly accepted that
It is universally believed that
There is a growing recognition that
It is widely be noted that …
It 作形式主语
It stands to reason that…
我们有理由相信…，理所当然的是…
There is little doubt that…
There is no denying that…
It is beyond doubt that…
As is known to us all, +完整句子
It goes without saying that…
观点不同
vary
differ
我认为
to my knowledge
in my field
from where I stand
as for me
from my personal perspective
众所周知
from my point of view
as far as I am concerned
利用
utilize
employ
adopt exploit
take advantage of
deploy
harness
tap into
make use of
充分利用
take full advantage of
make the best of
make the most of
get the utmost out of
make the utmost of
3.与…一致
be consistent with
corresponding to
agree with
correspond with
4. 表现
5.① 阐明 展示 说明 show
demonstrate
indicate
illustrate
manifest
shed light on
illuminate
mirror
reflect reveal
explicate
bring sth to light
signify
解释
②explain
account for justify illuminate shed light on
处理，解决，应付
handle address
resolve solve
deal with cope with dispose of
措施建议
approach
confront
figure out
work out
tackle settle
wrestle with 全力对付，努力克服
9.面临，面对，对抗 face
be confronted from
in the face of
be up against sth
10.减缓 减轻 缓和
relieve release lessen lighten
alleviate mitigate
安慰 soothe
获得，得到，达到，实现
get
attain obtain
achieve accomplish
acquire
secure
（尤指经过努力）获得，取得，实现 ~ sth (for sb/sth)
~ sb sth
增，多，上，强，促，进，改善
①促进，增强
facilitate
elevate
boost
promote
enhance propel
cultivate
assist ：to help sth to happen more easily 促进
②培养，发展 develop a sense of cooperation
foster further
foster cultivate
nurture
nurture and raise their child
encourage promote
advance=improve=develop
②刺激，激励，鼓舞
inspire
stimulate motivate
spur spur sb/sth on to sth
arouse
13.代替，替代
take the place of
supersede +n.
substitute
displace
take over
增加，猛增，激增
leap v 骤增；剧增；猛涨 to increase suddenly and by a large amount
explode v 突增；激增 to increase suddenly and very quickly in number
proliferate v.to increase rapidly in number or amount 迅速繁殖（或增殖）
；猛增
exponentially adv. 以指数方式
14.保护
shelter
maintain
conserve preserve（tradition 文化 language）
secure
shield
15.需要，牵涉到
…which needs immediate action a
need involve engage require entail
16.习惯于
get used to doing
be accustomed to
努力做
make every effort to
strive to
do
endeavor to
do
exert oneself to do
wrestle with 全力对付，努力克服
do one’s utmost to do
坚持
cling to
stick to
adhere to
沉迷
贡献奉献投入
sb be committed to doing/sth 全心全意投入（工作、活动等）
dedicate oneself
18.出现
Emerge into
pop up
19.阻碍
hinder
hamper
impede
20.impair 损害；削弱
21.使适应，使习惯
adapt to
acclimatize to
accustom to=be/get accustomed to
get used to doing
accommodate to
构成，组成，
B 大由 A 小构成
A 小组成 B 大
B be composed of A
A compose B
B consist of A
A make up B
B comprise A
A constitute B
B be comprised of A
23.建立 建设 build
establish
25.同意
in favor of
反对
影响
三.形容词
重要
important
essential
significant
vital
critical
crucial
be of importance
pivotal
必不可少的 不可避免的
indispensable
inexorable
不可否认的 irrefutable
不可避免的 inevitable
2.大的 big huge large vast massive immense enormous tremendous gigantic
colossal
prodigious
stupendous
许多的，大量地，无数的（形容多的）
numerous
tons of
a pile of
a host of+可数名词复数
a multitude of+可数名词复数
loads of
large volumes of+可数或不可数
an array of
large amounts of
a sea of an ocean of +可数或不可数 a galaxy of
a host of+可数名词复数
a cocktail of
myriad = an extremely large number of sth
an ocean of +可数或不可数
large volumes of+可数或不可数
an ocean of +可数或不可数
可数名词复数
不可数名词
number
amount，volume，quantity
a number of
a large amount of+不可数名词
a large number of +可数名词复数
large amounts of+不可数名词
large numbers of+可数名词复数
a massive amount of
a host of+可数名词复数
a copious amount of
a multitude of+可数名词复数
可用来形容的
significant
大的 massive tremendous enormous
可用来形容的
significant
大的 massive tremendous enormous
A large amount of money was spent on the bridge.主谓一致
Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
各种各样的
diverse
a variety of
an assortment of 各种各样
4.越来越多
More and more
an increasing number of
a growing number of
5.①好的，积极,有助于 good
favorable
promising
awesome
fantastic
beneficial
tremendous：extremely good 极好的；精彩的；了不起的
classic 最好的，第一流的
②坏的，消极 bad
6.紧急的 解决问题
It is imperative that
7.显著 明显的
distinct evident apparent obvious prominent
conspicuous
pronounced
好的
optimal the best possible; producing the best possible results 最佳的；最适宜的
classic 最优秀的；第一流的
favorable
promising
beneficial
awesome
fantastic
积极的
positive
有利于，有助于
杰出的 卓越的 优秀的
非凡的 excellent
remarkable
outstanding
marvelous
distinguished
brilliant（杰出的，才华横溢的）
extraordinary（不平常的；不一般的；非凡的；卓越的）
exceptional unusually good 杰出的；优秀的；卓越的
splendid excellent; very good 极佳的；非常好的（做法，主意）
phenomenal 了不起的，非凡的，杰出的
著名的 famous
well-known
noted
celebrated
famed=very well known=renowned
renowned= noted
distinguished
= celebrated
漂亮的 美丽的，吸引力的魅力的
gorgeous very beautiful and attractive; giving pleasure and enjoyment 非常漂亮的；美丽动人的；令人
愉快的（形容人的）
stunning extremely attractive or impressive 极有魅力的；绝妙的；给人以深刻印象的
吸引人的 有吸引力的 有魅力的
attractive
fascinating extremely interesting and attractive 极有吸引力的；迷人的
appealing
attractive or interesting 有吸引力的；有感染力的；令人感兴趣的
charming
very pleasant or attractive 令人着迷的；迷人的；吸引人的
magnetic that people find very powerful and attractive 富有吸引力的；有魅力的
enchanted
坏的
shocking very bad 非常糟糕的
awful
terrible
malignant
awful
negative
adverse：negative and unpleasant
有害的
detrimental
harmful
toxic
adverse
消极的
notorious
臭名昭著的
chronic
严重的
grievous
critical
极严重的；使人痛苦的；令人伤心的
严重的；不稳定的；可能有危险的
8.普通的 普遍的 common
ubiquitous 似乎无所不在的；十分普遍的
universal
mediocre
10.贫穷的
needy
in poverty
impoverished
underprivileged having less money and fewer opportunities than most people in society 在社会中处于弱
势的；贫苦的；机遇少的；底层的
三.副词
极度，很，非常 more than
extremely
considerably
dramatically
drastically adv.（动作或变化）猛烈地，力度大地
grossly
terrifically
fantastically
grosslyawfully
形容令人不快的事物
desirable
extraordinarily
exceedingly
absolutely
mighty
badly
exceptionally
significantly
转折连词
nevertheless
nonetheless
whereas
in spite of this
好句
；极其，非常
开头 In contemporary society where….
which is undeniable and inevitable（inexorable，irrefutable）
随着…
With the development/ improvement
In the advance of+名词
With the advent of
Due to the proliferation of…随着...的猛增，比如 smartphone user
Alongside the development of...
引用名言
As a celebrated proverb goes
A is to B what C is to D.
高级句式
倒装句
Not only can you learn a lot of knowledge，but also …
So happy am I that…
Young as she is，
Simple as it sound, …尽管
Only in this way can you …
Only by this/these means can we…..
Only when he…
Only through…
Were I you，….
Were I one of those who
If I were one of those people who was overwhelmed by a difficult situation, I would ask those around me for
help.
On no account can we do
On no situation can we do
Under no circumstances should sb do
Never can we ignore the significance of a to b
强调句
it is … that
（写原因的时候）it is since… that
do
虚拟
It is high time that we should…
省略句
if necessary，…
if +adj.
if only +完整句子，要是……多好，
the more…the more…
名词性从句
What matters most is that
What attracts me most is that
文章结构—顺序
First and foremost
Meanwhile
To begin with
In addition
Last but not least what’s more
On the one hand
Above all
Simultaneously
Moreover
furthermore
ultimately eventually
On the other
总结 to sum up by and large in a nutshell
万能内容（自己编）
举例子
（精神品质）For example,(名人), honored for his great success in …sth, is always
remembered by his spirit of…sth, which shines through every chapter/page of his/her life.
Taking a look around, we can find example with ease:..
A case in point is+名词/表语从句
数据研究
According to a recent published survey， 支持…观点的人（定从） account for 80%
in favor of
引用名言
As a celebrated proverb goes
A is to B what C is to D.
开头下现象解释 第一段 其他段也可以
In contemporary society where….
In our era when…
In our era when individual effort is no longer highly valued.
In our era when knowledge is highly valued.
作文题目中：好的现象，坏的现象，争议的
好
人
reputation
个人
品质 quality
道德 morality ethics 道德准则的要求
坏
习惯
成熟的表现
学习
工作
occupations positions
工作效率 efficiency of operations
职业生涯 careers
管理个人的生活
活力 vitality
未来的巨大的财富
Prospect
幸福
减缓压力
mitigate
alleviate suffering ,hardships
pressure
Reduce the stress that builds up at work
身心健康
physical and psychological health
慢性疾病 chronic disease
慢性生理心理疾病
These measures will relieve people of stress, which is associated with chronic mental illness.
团队集体
氛围有利于高效的工作
相互理解 mutual understanding
积极
解决矛盾 contradiction positively
an atmosphere of mutual trust
别把别人的好意当做必然 take for granted
团队充满活力 vitalty
环境环保
生态系统 ecological system
有毒物质 toxic substance，toxic chemicals
身心健康
经济
经济增长
社会
harmonious
harmony
社会风气
集体幸福感
教育（万能背锅侠）
终身学习；终生学习
科技
创新 innovative
精神
lifelong learning
天龙八部（功能句）
1.引出主题
（1）引起关注…；…has arisen as one of essential problems/concern
：…has become one of the key issues
…has emerged into one’s vision
…has been brought to public/extensive attention
has been brought into focus
… has penetrated/ permeated every aspect of daily life.渗透
be conscious that 意识到
is becoming increasing prevalent at an unprecedented speed.
（2）…引起争议：There is much controversy over…
…has caused quite a stir among the general public
Opinions vary considerably when it comes to…（perspective）
2.描述主题
（3）…很重要：…plays an extremely/increasingly important role in...
…is of utmost importance/significance.
（paramount/vital/great/crucial/critical）
It is of utmost importance that…
Nothing is more important than…
What matters most is that…
indispensable irreplaceable pivotal
dominant
（4）重视…attach great/considerable importance to…
…capture/draw one’s attention.
Value sth ~ sb/sth (as sth)~ sb/sth (for sth)
（5）…对于…产生影响
… exert a profound/enormous/considerable impact on…
Impose
…have a bearing on（对…影响）
（6）使…让…带来…enable/allow/render sb to do
offer sb sth / offer sth to sb
provide sb with sth/ provide sth to sb.
3.举出例子
（7）趋势 An increasing number of people…
People in mounting number…
be inclined to do=be apt to
dramatic sharp considerable striking
（8）见证：the past few years has witnessed that
因果关系
因为 由于
because=since=for the reason that=in that=seeing that=considering that
=on the ground that
because of =due to=thanks to=on account of=arise from=owing to
=as a result of
=by virtue of=by means of or because of sth
因而，因此，所以
thus
as a result/consequence
therefore
hence
consequently/in consequence
A 导致 B 造成 产生
A contribute to B doing
A lead to B
A result in B
A give rise to B
A cause B
A affect B
A bring about B
A be responsible for B
A breed B
A engender B
A spark B
A be accountable for B sth=A be responsible for B
A be a recipe for B
B 归因于 A
Attribute B to A
result from
credit to
ascribe B to A
混合因果
Be bound up with
be associated with
为了，表目的
to
for
in an effort to
for the purpose of
so as to do
for the sake of
aim to
With the intent of...
计划，打算，目标
plan to
intend to
一些小词小点
when it comes to …
如果 if =on condition that
Suppose that+句子（v.假如）
能够 can = be capable of doing
in a position to
喜欢 be fond of= be keen on
一定 be bound to
make a difference
解释 account for （原因）be accountable for（结果/现象/问题）
考虑… take sth into account = take sth into consideration
有不同，有差别 vary differ
定语从句
同位语从句
非谓语
based on
considering that
is one of +最高级+复数 for…to…
not=by no means
We can not emphasize the importance of…to much.再怎么强调都不为过
but for=without
lies in doing/sth=is
serve as
在于…
given that /given sth 考虑到…
除了 apart from
in addition to
关于，在…方面
with regard to
regarding
considering
在…方面 in terms of
in respect to
in relation to
鉴于
in consideration of
基于
base on
通过，凭借 by means of
Be supposed to 应该
Be exposed to
besides
文章结构（功能段）
现象/问题描述功能段
In contemporary society where…, A, which …, have emerged into our vision, tending to play an
increasingly important role in our life.(天龙八部)
these few years have witnessed 目击
In contemporary society where….
In our era when…
In our era when individual effort is no longer highly valued.
In our era when knowledge is highly valued.
…the economy/sth is developing at an unprecedented speed.
With the advent of
With the development of =due to the proliferation of sth
In the advance of
面临
burning
好
坏：恶化
deteriorate deterioration
aggravate aggravation
degradation
degeneration 退化；衰退；堕落
原因分析功能段
也相当于是表达 我自己的观点
1.大量原因能解释我为什么支持反对…的观点
When it comes to the reasons why I am in favor of
解释 account for （原因）be accountable for（结果/现象/问题）
There are tremendous/colossal number of elements of... to reinforce my standpoint
2.大量的因素能用来解释…现象
When it comes to the reasons why…
解释 account for （原因）be accountable for（结果/现象/问题）
Many complicated factors are accountable for this issue.
这件事情本身
外界的影响：社会，教育
坏的
好的
导致恶化
有利的，
有害的，有毒的，不利的，反面的
有助于，有利于
产生不利的影响
产生好的影响
威胁
问题解决功能段（措施、建议）
Were I you, …
It is high time that
It is imperative that
势在必行
我的建议是
1.采取有效的措施 =被动：有效的措施被采取
2.努力做尽力做
make a difference
adopt approaches
有效的，可行的（措施）
efficient
feasible
Be supposed to 应该
好
坏
个人
initiatives 新方案
resort to =make use of
认知能力
Cognitive stimulation
刺激 stimulate stimulation
incentives
社会
促进，推动
rural and urban
经济
教育
培养 foster
环境
未来展望段
观点表达
观点结论
From what have been discussed above, we can reasonably draw a conclusion that…
it is actually difficult to determine whether the use of auto-pilot technology is good/bad or
not.
名言解释
A is to B what C is to D.
As a celebrated proverb goes,”…”
Buried in history for a number of years, this spark of wisdom can be applied in many
situations even today.
Simple as it sound, the intended meaning is more than profound.
漫画描述
1.Of all the components depicted/portrayed in the drawing, the most eye-
catching/conspicuous is that（图画上的内容）.
How impressive the cartoon is in shedding light on one of the most thought-provoking
phenomenon considering+名词/that +句子，which has emerged as a spotlight of public.
it is difficult to the point of impossibility for us to imagine a time when blue sky could be
found in big city.
Set an example for