DECARBONIZATION OF TRANSPORTATION IN NIGERIA
In Nigeria, a country known for its vibrant culture, bustling cities, and growing economy, the
decarbonization of the transport sector has emerged as a pivotal endeavor. As one of the largest
contributors to greenhouse gas emissions,1 the transformation of Nigeria's transport system holds the
promise of not only environmental sustainability but also enhanced economic and social well-being.
Nigeria's transport sector is a bustling network of roads, railways, waterways, and air travel. While it
plays a crucial role in driving economic growth and connecting communities, it also contributes
significantly to the country's carbon emissions.2 The use of fossil fuels in vehicles, inadequate public
transport systems, and inefficient logistics have led to air pollution, traffic congestion, and carbon
emissions that harm both the environment and public health.
Decarbonizing the transport sector in Nigeria is a multifaceted challenge that demands innovative
solutions. Such solutions include:
1. Electro-Mobility (E-Mobility) Solutions: Electromobility is the use of electric cars, as well as
electric motorbikes, e-buses and e-trucks. The common feature of all of them is that they are
fully or partly driven electrically, have a means of storing energy on board, and obtain their
energy mainly from the power grid. Adopting E-mobility solutions will not only reduce carbon
emissions but also open up investment opportunities. Several cities in Nigeria, including Lagos
and Abuja, are exploring electric bus options to modernize their public transport fleets.3
2. Adoption of Biofuels and Clean Energy: The use of biofuels and clean energy sources can help
power vehicles more sustainably and reduce emissions from conventional fossil fuels.
Embracing emerging green technologies like hydrogen fuel cells and advanced battery storage
systems can accelerate the transition to sustainable transportation. Research and development
in these areas can yield solutions tailored to Nigeria's specific needs.
3. Promotion of Non-Motorized Transport: Encouraging walking and cycling through the
development of pedestrian-friendly infrastructure can reduce the reliance on cars and
motorcycles, thereby lowering emissions.
4. Investment in Rail Transport: Revitalizing Nigeria's railway network can provide an efficient
and low-emission alternative.
5. Policy and Regulation: Implementing and enforcing policies that promote fuel efficiency,
emissions standards, and the adoption of cleaner technologies are essential steps.
6. Public Awareness and Education: A fundamental aspect of decarbonizing the transport sector
is raising public awareness. Sustainable transportation choices, such as carpooling, ride-sharing,
and using public transit, can significantly reduce individual carbon footprints. Educational
1
Daisy Dunne, “The Carbon Brief Profile: Nigeria”, [2023]
Michael M, Aba and others, “Energy transition pathways for the Nigerian Road Transport: Implications
for energy carrier, Powertrain technology, and CO2 emission, [2023]
3
Isaac Anyaogu, Oando, LAMATA, launch electric mass transit buses in Lagos, [2023]
2
campaigns can inform citizens about the environmental and health impacts of their
transportation choices.
Economic and Social Benefits
The decarbonization of Nigeria's transport sector goes beyond environmental conservation. It offers
numerous economic and social benefits:
1. Job Creation: Investments in sustainable transportation can generate employment
opportunities in manufacturing, maintenance, and operation of clean transport systems.
2. Health Improvement: Reduced air pollution from cleaner transportation can lead to improved
public health outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.
3. Investment Opportunities: Decarbonizing the transport sector offers significant investment
opportunities. Both domestic and foreign investors can participate in projects related to electric
vehicle manufacturing, charging infrastructure, renewable energy installations, and sustainable
urban planning.
Challenges Ahead
While the decarbonization of Nigeria's transport sector holds great promise, it is not without
challenges. Adequate funding, infrastructure development, public awareness, and policy
implementation are all critical areas that require attention and commitment from stakeholders at all
levels.
Conclusion
Decarbonizing Nigeria's transport sector is undoubtedly a complex task, but it is an essential one. The
journey towards sustainable and low-carbon transportation promises numerous rewards, from cleaner
air and improved health to economic growth and reduced climate impact. With the right policies,
investments, and a commitment to innovation and sustainability, Nigeria can lead the way in the
region and inspire similar transformations globally.
Government incentives and subsidies for electric vehicles, as well as tax breaks for green technologies,
can stimulate investment in sustainable transport.
Nigeria can benefit from international collaborations and partnerships. Organizations like the Green
Climate Fund and international development banks often support projects aimed at reducing carbon
emissions in the transport sector. Participating in global initiatives and learning from best practices in
decarbonization can expedite progress