MISAMIS ORIENTAL GENERAL COMPREHENSIVE
HIGH SCHOOL
Velez Street, Cagayan de Oro City
ARTS
1 Quarter
st
ELEMENTS OF ARTS
1. Color – the response of vision to wavelengths
of light is color.
Primary Colors: Red, Yellow and Blue – they are
not created by mixing with the other color.
Instead, they are used as the base colors to
create all other colors
Secondary Colors: orange, green and violet – are
created by mixing two primary colors together.
Orange = red and yellow
Green = blue and yellow
Violet = red and blue
Complementary colors – are colors that are
opposite each other on the color wheel.
- Are pairs of colors that, when
combine, create a neutral color such
as gray or white.
- They are often used to create
contrast.
Example of complementary color pairs are: red
and green, blue and orange and yellow and
purple.
Tint – adding white to a color, which lightens and
softens the original color.
- This is often use to create pastel
colors
Shade – adding black with a color. Shades are
often used to add depth and richness to a color.
Hue – other name of color
Color wheel – shows relationship between colors
2. Line - mark made by a point moving across a
surface.
- line is often used to indicate movement
or direction, as it can create a sense of flow or
guide the viewer’s eye along a path.
3. Shape – an area that has height and width.
- the shape of an object is external
appearance or configuration that distinguish it
from other objects.
Organic Shapes – shapes that are found in nature
Geometric Shape – shapes that are
mathematical.
4. Form – refers to the 3-dimensional quality of
shape (height, width and depth). This is often
associated with objects in the physical world that
has mass and occupy space, such as sculpture
or building.
5. Texture – the way something feels or appears
to the touch. It can be smooth, rough, bumpy or
any other tactile quality that can be experience
through touch.
Actual texture – the way something actually feels
Implied texture – the way something looks like it
feels.
6. Space. – refers to the area or distance between
forms, shapes and lines. It is the empty or
unoccupied area that exist between objects.
Positive Space – the area occupied by an object.
Background – the object that are farthest away
from the viewer.
Middle ground – the section between the
foreground and the background.
7. Value - refers to the degree of lightness or
darkness in a work of art. It is the range of tones
from white to black, and it helps to create contrast
and depth in an artwork. Value is an important
element in creating a sense of realism and can
evoke different emotions depending on how it is
used. By manipulating the values in a
composition, an artist can create a sense of light,
shadow, and volume, enhancing the overall visual
impact of the artwork.
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGNS
1. Pattern – is an orderly repetition of an object.
2. Contrast – is a juxtaposition that accentuates
difference.
3. Balance – a distribution of equal visual weight.
Symmetrical balance – mirror on the other side
Asymmetrical balance – equal distribution of
objects but not weighted equally in terms of size,
colors and pieces.
4. Repetition – sets up a feeling of rhythm by
repeating the same shapes, texture, color,
strokes.
5. Emphasis – is an accentuation of importance.
6. Movement – a directed path of optical motion.
7. Harmony – refers to a way of combining
elements to accent their similarities.
8. Proximity – is the placement of objects,
whether near or far (near each other are seen as
a unit)
9. Rhythm – is a repetitive organized movement,
or visual flow, within an image.
10. Proportion – scaling of objects in relation to
each other.
2Oth CENTURY ART MOVEMENT
IMPRESSIONISM

was an art movement that emerged in the
second half of the 19th century.
 it was a fleeting fragment of reality.
 one of the major art movements in
Europe that emerge on 1870s by French
painters
CLAUDE MONET
 He was one of the founders of the
impressionist movement.
 He is considered the most influential
figure in the movement.
 He is best known for his landscape
paintings, particularly those depicting his
beloved flower gardens and water lily
ponds at his home in Giverny.
EDOURD MANET
 He was one of the first 19thcentury artist to depict modern-life
subjects.
 He was the key figure in the
transition
from
realism
to
impressionism.
 His works consider as the marking
the birth of modern art.
Bridge over a Pond
of Water Lilies
Oil on Canvas
AUGUSTE RENOIR
 He was one of the central figures
of impressionist movement.
 His works were snapshots of real
life, full of sparkling color and light.
 He was broke away from
impressionist movement to apply
for a formal technique to portraits
of actual people and figure
paintings
POST-IMPRESSIONISM
- this art movement that use vivid colors,
heavy brush strokes, and true-to-life
subjects.
- they also use geometric approach,
fragmenting objects and distorting
people’s faces and body parts.
Applying colors that were not necessarily
realistic or natural.
PAUL CEZANNE
 He was a French artist and postimpressionist painter.
 His works was the transition of
19th century impressionism to a
new art in 20th century.
VINCENT VAN GOGH
 He was a post-impressionist
painter from the Netherlands.
 His works were remarkable for
their strong, heavy brush strokes,
intense emotions and colors that
appeared to almost pulsate with
energy.
 His works become the most
recognized in the world.
Dancer
Oil on Canvas
Mlle Irene Cahen d’Anvers
Oil on Canvas
EXPRESSIONISM
 Movement arose in the Western
art world.
 It created works with more
emotional force, rather than with
realistic or natural images.
 Distorted outlines, applied strong
color, and exaggerated forms.
 They work more on imagination
and feelings, rather than what
their eyes saw in the physical
world.
Various styles that arose during
expressionist art movement:
• Neo primitivism
• Fauvism
• Dadaism
• Surrealism
• Social realism
Neo Primitivism
 An art style that incorporated
elements from the native arts of
the South Sea Islanders and the
wood carvings of African tribes.
 Amedeo Modigliani was one of
the artist who used the oval faces
and elongated shapes of African
Art.
Fauvism
 An art style that use bold, vibrant
colors and visual distortions.
 The name was derived from les
fauves (wild beast).
 Henry Matisse was one of the
French expressionist painter who
paint this style.
Dadaism
 An art style characterized by
dream fantasies, memory images
and visual tricks and surprises.
 This movement arose from the
pain that a group of European
artist felt after the suffering
brought by World War I.
 wishing to protest against the
civilization that had brought on
such horrors.
 They chose the child’s term for
hobbyhorse, dada, to refers to
their new “none style”
Giorgio de Chirico
Melancholy and Mystery of a Street
Oil on Canvas
Surrealism
 Was the style that depicted an
illogical, subconscious dream
world that seemed to exist beyond
the logical, conscious, physical
one.
 Its name came from the term
“super realism” with its artwork
clearly expressing a departure
from reality – as though the artist
were dreaming, seeing illusions,
or experiencing an altered mental
state.
Persistence of Memory
Salvador Dali
Oil on Canvas
Social Realism
• this movement expressed the
artist’s role in social reform.
• Artist used their works to protest
against the injustices, inequalities,
immorality, and ugliness of the
human condition.
Social Realism
Guernica
Pablo Picasso
 This painting has been recognized
as the most monumental and
comprehensive
statement
of
social realism against the brutality
of war.
 It is Spanish Pavilion at the 1937
Fair in Paris- it was Picasso’s
outcry against the German air raid
of the town of Guernica in Spain.
ABSTRACTIONISM
 This movement arose from the
intellectual points of view in the
20th century.
 It expresses logical and rational. It
involved analyzing, detaching,
selecting and simplifying.
 Artist reduced a scene into
geometrical shapes, patterns,
lines, angles, textures and swirls
of color.
Group under Abstractionism:
• Cubism
• Futurism
• Mechanical Art
• Non objectivism
Cubism
• The cubist style derived its name
from
the
cube,
a
threedimensional geometric figure
composed of strictly measured
lines, planes, and angles.
• It is a play of planes and angles on
a flat surface.
Three Musicians
Pablo Picasso
Oil on Canvas
Futurism
• It was begun in Italy in the early
1900s.
• As the name implies, the futurist
created art for a fast-paced,
machine-propelled age.
• They admire the motion, force,
speed, and strength of mechanical
form.
Armored Train
Gino Severino
Oil on Canvas
Mechanical Style
• In this style, basic forms such as
planes, cones, spheres, and
cylinders all fit together precisely
and neatly in their appointed
places.
The City
Fernand Leger
 Mechanical
parts
such
as
crankshafts, cylinder blocks, and
pistons are brightened only by the
use of primary colors.
Non-Objectivism
• This is the conclusion of
abstractionism.
• From the term “non-object” it did
not use of figures or even
representation of figures.
• Lines, shapes, and colors were
used in a cool, impersonal
approach that aimed for balance,
unity, and stability.
• Colors were mainly black, white,
and primaries (blue, yellow, and
red)
New York City
Piet Mondrian – foremost Dutch
painter