Modelling atoms
of elements
By: Reyam Mohamed
Grade 8 A
Introduction
A model is a representation of a system in the real world. Models help us to
understand systems and their properties. For example, an atomic model
represents what the structure of an atom could look like.
Atom is smallest unit into which matter can be divided without the release of
electrically charged particles. Atom has neutrons, electrons, protons, and shells. The
nucleus contains the neutrons and protons. Protons have a positive charge and
neutrons have no charge. The shells are having the electrons and they are negatively
charged.
Rational: Significance of
Project in Daily Life
Atoms are extremely important structures that
make up all of the materials on earth.
Atoms are in our bodies and they bond together
to form molecules, which make up matter.
Everything living is made up of atoms.
Research Question:
How are electrons, protons and
neutrons arranged in atoms of
elements?
Hypothesis:
Electrons, protons and nutrons has
a specific arrangement in an atom
Aim/Objective:
To construct an atomic
model of helium using
metalic rod
Materials:
1. Metal rod
2. Balloons
3. Tape
Balloons
Tape
Metal rod
Procedure
Bend the metallic rod in to a circular shape
Blow the balloons
Procedure
Stick the balloons that represents the
nucleus (Neutrons+Protons) together and
label them (N= neutrons, P= Protons)
Procedure
Stick the balloons that represents the
electrons to the metallic rod
Procedure
Put the balloons that represent the nucleus
in the middle of the metallic rod
Result
Helium atom is constructed
It has 2 neutrons, 2 protons,
and 2 electrons
Interpretation of
results:
The atomic model of helium was constructed showing that it has 2
protons, 2 neutrons and 2 electrons. The middle part is the nucleus
and the metallic rod is the shell having the electrons. It has only one
shell which means that helium is in period 1. Although it has 2 valence
electrons only, but it is a group 18 element.
Conclusion:
Atoms are every where around and are very important.
Each element has different atom. Protons, neutrons
and electrons arrangement differs from one element
to another. There is a specific arrangement of there
molecule. Protons and neutrons are in the neucleus of
the atom, whereas electrons are on the shell.
References:
https://www.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-10/theatom/04-the-atom-02
https://www.britannica.com/science/atom
https://sites.google.com/site/theatomcom/atoms-ineveryday-life
Thank You!