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How to say no
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Reading
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Leadership
Dealing with
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Skill Up!
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BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
CONTENTS
Editorial
No thank you!
Saying no can often
be difficult. And
saying no to your
boss can be particularly tough. But if you want to avoid
having an unmanageable workload, you
will sometimes need to explain why you
are unable to take on specific extra tasks.
In her latest Business Skills article in
Business Spotlight, Deborah Capras
provides tips for saying no at work. In
IAN MCMASTER
Editor-in-chief
i.mcmaster@
spotlight-verlag.de
this issue of Business Spotlight Plus, you
can practise some of the language you’ll
need for this. You can also practise the
language of politics and of dealing with
“difficult” people. And, as usual, you can
do a test on these and all our other topics.
PS: this month, Spotlight Verlag is
celebrating its 40th anniversary. Many
thanks for your support over the years!
E > EASY A2 M > MEDIUM B1–B2 A > ADVANCED C1–C2
IMPRESSUM
TRENDS
4
5
GESCHÄFTSFÜHRERIN:
Malgorzata Schweizer
Head-to-Head
Corporate tax
Listening E
Beer of old
COMMUNICATION
6
8
Business Skills E
Saying no
Intercultural Business
Romania
Titelillustration: Georg Lechner; Foto: Gert Krautbauer
CAREERS
9
Leadership A
People skills
10 Reading A
Acts of kindness
LANGUAGE
12 Skill Up! E A
Talking about politics
14 Test E A
What have you learned?
15 Answers
9/2021
CONTENTS
A
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Dr. Ian McMaster (V.i.S.d.P.)
GESCHÄFTSFÜHRENDE
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(Leitung), Judith Rothenbusch
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MARKETING Jessica Sonnenberg
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Der Spotlight Verlag ist ein Tochter‑​
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Bucerius GmbH & Co. KG
3
HEAD-TO-HEAD
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
Corporate tax
In Head-to-Head (pp. 16–17), we hear arguments for and against a global minimum
tax for companies. Here, you can practise the relevant language.
1. A fairer system
AUDIO
M
Use the nouns from the box to complete these statements.
buyouts | chancellor | incentive | investment | profit shifting | revenue
A. By using
to reduce their tax bills, global businesses gain an
unfair advantage over other companies.
B.The plans will only be successful if low- and middle-income nations get a
.
fair share of the extra tax
C. Having a stake in the success of the proposals would create a
for everyone.
strong
D.The argument that raising corporate tax rates discourages
has been comprehensively rebutted in recent
business
years.
admitted that the UK hadn’t seen large increases in
E.The
investment in the ten years since corporate tax rates were cut.
F. In the US, companies spent the additional cash resulting from corporation
and dividends.
tax rate cuts not on investments but on share
Should there
be a global
minimum rate of
corporate tax?
M
2. A minimum tax rate for all?
Choose the correct option in bold to complete these statements.
A.The OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development)
has yet to complete their commitment to monetizing / monitoring the
problem of profit shifting by multinationals.
C.Analysis of the global corporate minimum tax plans shows that it won’t
simply be a tax on excess / excessive returns or supernormal profits.
D.Unless tax enforcement / engagement is exercised when a country adopts a
global minimum tax, the system won’t work.
E.Tax is a souvenir / sovereign tool and most governments have no interest in
giving up their flexibility.
4
TRENDS
9/2021
Illustration: nuiiko/iStock.com
B. The impact of additional taxation of corporal / corporate profits can have
negative economic effects on hiring and investing.
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
LISTENING
Beer of old
AUDIO
These exercises are based on the text “Blessing the brewery” (Names and News, p. 7)
and on an audio file that you can listen to online.
1. Three questions
Online anhören!
www.businessspotlight.de/
plus0921
E
Listen to the audio file and choose the correct options.
A. Carlsberg...
1.is an ancient
brewery.
2.is an abbey in
Belgium.
3.is one of largest
beer makers in the
world.
B.When were the
opening celebrations of Grimbergen
Abbey Brewery?
1. in May 2020
2. in March 2021
3. in May 2021
C.Who is MarcAntoine Sochon?
1.a brewer at
Carlsberg
2.a priest at Grimbergen Abbey
3.the CEO of
Carlsberg
2. True or false?
Listen again and decide whether the statements below are true or false.
A.Beer is once again being brewed in Grimbergen Abbey
after more than 100 years.
B.Carlsberg wants to compete with the smaller breweries
that have become popular with customers.
C.To begin with, the brewery will make only one kind
of beer inspired by the recipes from the abbey.
True
False
3. Missing information
E
Listen to the audio one more time and fill in the gaps with the correct
expression from the recording.
A. One beer will use the kind of ...................................... used hundreds of years ago.
%
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ständnisTraining unter:
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B.The money the priests get from Carlsberg will be used to pay for the priests’
...................................... work.
C. The priests living in the abbey will make up the ...................................... of tasters
and make the final decision on the beers.
9/2021
TRENDS
5
BUSINESS SKILLS
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
Saying no
In “That’s a ‘no’!” (pp. 20–23), Deborah Capras looks at how to avoid taking on more
work than you can manage. Here, you can practise some of the relevant language.
1. Useful expressions
AUDIO
E
Match the sentence halves to create meaningful statements.
A. It’s going to be impossible
B. I’m honoured
C. To be perfectly honest,
A– ; B– ; C–
1. my schedule is full.
2. to give everything the attention
I’d like to.
3. that you would consider me for
this project.
Overworked:
Can you say no?
2. The right word
Elaine:I realize you have a lot on your (A) plate / table at the moment, Nick,
but we could really do with your (B) experiment / expertise on the
Hartmann project.
Nick:Well, thanks for thinking of me. You know I love a challenge, but
I’m afraid I already have a pretty full (C) employment / workload.
What sort of timeline are we talking about?
Elaine:The (D) deadline / headline isn’t until next month, so there’s plenty
of time.
Nick:
I see. It’s just that the other projects I’m working on at the moment
have really tight (E) calendars / schedules. I’m sorry, but I just don’t
think it’s going to be (F) feasibility / feasible.
Elaine:OK, I understand. Don’t worry about it. I wouldn’t want you to take
on more work than you can handle.
6
COMMUNICATION
9/2021
Illustration: Vectorios2016/iStock.com
Choose the correct options in bold to complete this short dialogue.
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
BUSINESS SKILLS
Saying no
3. The right verb
Match each verb phrase (A–F) with the correct explanation (1–6).
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
back something up
play hardball (with somebody)
pull something off
stand one’s ground
take something on
turn something down
1.accept a particular job or responsibility
2. succeed in doing something difficult
3.refuse to accept or agree to something
4. not retreat or lose one’s advantage in
the face of opposition
5. be firm and determined in order to get
what you want
6. support something
A– ; B– ; C– ; D– ; E– ; F–
4. A definite “no”
Choose the correct option to complete each sentence.
A. You can show that you have a professional attitude to your work by providing details of your workload that .................................................... your concerns.
1. back out
2. back up
B. While you don’t want to be known as someone who is not a team player,
being seen as a .................................................... won’t help you either.
1. pullover
2. pushover
C. You should be able to convince your boss if you .................................................... your
arguments well.
1. put forward
2. put off
D. It’s quite possible that your manager .................................................... doesn’t realize
that you already have more than enough work to do.
1. genially
2. genuinely
E. It’s a good idea to get into the habit of planning ahead and allocating blocks
of time for work and personal ...................................................., not just for meetings.
1. commitments
9/2021
COMMUNICATION
2. committees
7
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
INTERCULTURAL BUSINESS
Romania
In "A Romanian romance" (pp. 24–27), Paul Wheatley takes a closer look at Romania.
Here, you can test your knowledge of this country in south-eastern Europe.
1. Five facts
Choose from the two alternatives to complete these sentences about
Romania.
A. The capital of Romania is
1. Bucharest
2. Budapest
.
B.Romania was under communist rule from 1948 until
when Nicolae Ceaușescu was overthrown.
1. 1987
2. 1989
C.
20th century.
1. Moldavia
,
The Palace of
the Parliament:
seat of the
Romanian
parliament
was incorporated into Romania in the first half of the
2. Transylvania
D.The Palace of the Parliament is the world’s second-largest administrative
rooms and
building (after the Pentagon). It has 12 floors,
can be seen from space.
1. 1,010
2. 1,100
E.Poiana Brașov, located in the Carpathian Mountains, is the most
in Romania.
popular
1. salt mine
2. ski resort
2. Specialities and attractions
A
Match these national landmarks and specialities (A–H) to the correct
descriptions (1–8).
Bran Castle
Brașov
Lacul Roșu
papanaşi
Piața Mare
sarmale
țuică
vișinată
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
a spirit made from plums
a medieval town
“Count Dracula’s” castle
sour cherry brandy
cabbage rolls filled with minced meat and rice
cream cheese doughnuts
a big square in the city of Sibiu
a large natural-dam lake
Foto: Marcus Lindstrom/iStock.com
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
A– ; B– ; C– ; D– ; E– ; F– ; G– ; H–
8
COMMUNICATION
9/2021
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
LEADERSHIP
People skills
AUDIO
In “Difficult or not?” (pp. 36–39), Bob
Dignen explores strategies for dealing
with difficult employees. Here, you can
practise this aspect of leadership.
Staying calm
with difficult people
1. Managing difficult behaviour
A
Complete the following three paragraphs, which are based on Bob Dignen’s
article. Use the words from the boxes.
TEXT 1
One of the most difficult things about talking about difficult people is the word
committed
degenerate
labelling
selfish
“difficult” itself. For our own (A) .................................. reasons, discussions can quickly
(B) .................................. into negative and unfair (C) .................................. of those we consider problematic.
We need to include details and add sophistication to our analysis. Most people view their actions as being positively motivated and see themselves as
(D) .................................. to achieving results.
TEXT 2
anxiety
enduring
lurks
over­
commitment
There are also people who tend to make their own life more difficult than necessary. Some set themselves standards that are too high to achieve. They live in a
permanent state of (E) .................................. with their own perfectionism,
(F) .................................. unnecessary levels of stress because of their (G) ...................................
The possibility of burnout (H) .................................. around the corner.
TEXT 3
Foto: Antonio_Diaz/iStock.com
Our own beliefs, values and preferences often (I) .................................. our view of
bubble
critique
distort
puncture
others. But it is possible to challenge and (J) .................................. the (K) ..................................
that we live in. Create channels of open and honest feedback so you can hear
about the areas in which you yourself are being difficult. Providing a safe space
for others to (L) .................................. you also creates a space for you to ask them for
alternative behaviours.
9/2021
CAREERS
9
READING
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
Acts of kindness
Read Bo Graesborg’s Careers column (p. 35)
on the topic of being both kind and ambitious. Then do the comprehension exercises
on the opposite page.
AUDIO
“You can make your kindness work for you”
10
CAREERS
9/2021
1
5
10
15
20
25
30
Foto: FotografieLink/iStock.com
Why aren’t there more nice people at the top of organizations? One obvious reason is simply that squaring kindness with ambition is tricky. Both characteristics
are important, and they can, of course, coexist. But most of us tend to emphasize
.
one characteristic (1)
Those of us who are skewed towards ambition move up — because we want
it more. And those of us who put more value on kindness get stuck because we
struggle with the dilemma of how to stay kind and still have a great career.
If you are kind and ambitious, you do not have to choose. You can leverage
. Being strong on kindyour kindness — in other words, (2)
ness means you are strong with people. And the thing about robust relationships
is that they can withstand a bit of strain.
Many kind people shy away from any action that could be construed as an attempt to exploit their relationships. They don’t ask for help or request support.
They are so keen on giving to others that they lose sight of the fact that taking
can also be OK.
If you really are kind and good with people, you will find that those people
respond positively when you ask them to do something for you. This might be
giving you advice on how to deal with the notoriously difficult head of marketing or on how best to place your message with the management board. Or it
might mean setting up a meeting for you with someone from their network.
, kindness is a habit that gets easier with practice.
(3)
So, before you jump into leveraging your kindness, you could start by simply
, forget about what kindness
(but consistently) showing it. (4)
can do for you and just focus on the kind acts themselves.
For example, why not say hello to a stranger? If you see a job well done, say
so. And when someone is down, help them get up. Karma and the universe will
make sure you are rewarded in the end. As Lennon and McCartney put it so
poetically in their song “The End”: “And in the end, the love you take is equal to
the love you make.”
Can you
get ahead
in your
career by
being kind?
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
READING
Acts of kindness
1. What goes where?
A
Four key sentences or phrases (A–D) have been removed from the article.
Put each one back in the right place (1–4) on the opposite page.
A.
B.
C.
D.
...at the expense of the other
In other words...
Like most things in life...
...make it work for you
2. True or false?
M
According to the article, are the following statements true or false?
True False
A. Most people tend to be either more ambitious or more kind.
B.People who value kindness over ambition have no
problems getting promoted.
C.Ambitious people tend to avoid actions that could be
interpreted as attempts to exploit their relationships.
D.People will respond positively to requests for help from
people who are good and kind to others.
3. Key words
M
Complete the sentences below with these six verbs, which appear in red in
the article. Put each verb in the correct form.
construe | emphasize | exploit | leverage | skew | withstand
A. He was fired for
his position for his own personal gain.
the importance of
B.In last week’s meeting, the new manager
finishing the project on time.
towards American consumers.
C. The service is heavily
as motivatD.He realized too late that his remark could hardly be
ing for his team.
their netE.They should be able to gain a market advantage by
work of partners.
the constant pressure.
F. You need to be strong enough to
9/2021
CAREERS
11
SKILL UP!
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
Talking about politics
Here, you can practise the language presented in the Skill Up! section of
the magazine (pp. 42–43). This time, we focus on the topic of politics.
1.
AUDIO
The correct meaning
A
Use the words from the box to complete these explanations.
facts | flip-flop | landslide | sand | stand | U-turn
A. If you bury your head in the .....................................,
you refuse to admit that a problem exists or refuse
to deal with it.
B. When a government does a ....................................., it
makes a complete reversal in policy.
C. Someone who takes a ..................................... against
something makes their beliefs known and tries to
get others to follow them.
A U-turn in
politics is not
unusual
D. When you face ....................................., you admit that something is true.
E. If you ..................................... on something, you reverse your opinion about it.
F. When a person or party wins an election by a ....................................., they win
by a large margin.
2.
The world of politics
E
A. Our organization aims to encourage women to e_ _ _r politics.
B. The prime minister was accused of p_ _ _ _ _g politics with people’s jobs.
C. The pandemic is likely to r_ _ _ _ _e world politics.
D.The focus of the study is on how people t_ _k politics in online discussion forums.
E.
O_ _ _ _e politics and power struggles are inevitable in every hierarchical
organization.
12
LANGUAGE
9/2021
Illustration. MicroStockHub/iStock.com
Complete the words with the missing letters. We’ve given you the first
and last letter of each word.
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
SKILL UP!
Talking about politics
3.
Political what?
Choose the correct option to complete these statements.
A.What is lacking is the political cloud / clout to make an impact on the
economy.
B.We don’t need any more politicians who are driven by short-term political gain / loss.
C.Any government seeking to change the funding of the NHS would be
committing political homicide / suicide.
D.The former political bombshell / heavyweight denied any wrongdoing
and disputed allegations of sexual offences.
E.We need to institute radical reforms if we are to overcome the present
political checkmate / stalemate.
4.
Translation time!
A
Translate the following sentences into English.
A. Wer würde heutzutage in die Politik einsteigen wollen?
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
B. Es wird erwartet, dass die Regierung eine neue Politik umsetzt.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
C. In Großbritannien vertritt die Labour-Partei in der Regel eine linksgerichtete Politik.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
D. Eine Politik am Rande des Abgrunds bietet keine Lösung für die Krise.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
9/2021
LANGUAGE
13
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
TEST
What have you learned?
When you’ve completed all the exercises in this issue of Business Spotlight Plus,
you can check your progress by testing yourself here.
TRENDS (pp. 4–5)
1. Additional taxation of .................................. profits can have negative effects.
(A) cooperative
(B) corporal
(C) corporate
2. A .................................. of tasters will make the final decision on the beers.
(A) panel
(B) panellist
(C) pannier
COMMUNICATION (pp. 6–8)
3. Sorry, I didn’t realize you had such a heavy ...................................
(A) pension
(B) schedule
(C) workload
4. Your boss might try to play .................................. with you.
(A) hardback
(B) hardball
(C) hardboard
5. Țuică is a Romanian spirit made from ...................................
(A) peaches
(B) pears
(C) plums
CAREERS (pp. 9–11)
6. Most people are .................................. to achieving results.
(A) committed
(B) submitted
(C) transmitted
7. He left because he couldn’t .................................. the constant pressure.
(A) outsmart
(B) upshift
(C) withstand
8. We help you .................................. your time so that you can get more done.
(A) level
(B) level out
(C) leverage
LANGUAGE (pp. 12–13)
9. The opposition finally took a .................................. against Johnson’s policies.
(A) hike
(B) shine
(C) stand
10. No one expected them to win by a ...................................
(A) landscape
(B) landslide
(C) landslip
14
LANGUAGE
9/2021
BUSINESS SPOTLIGHT PLUS
TRENDS
HEAD-TO-HEAD (p. 4)
Corporate tax
1. A fairer system
A. profit shifting = Gewinnverlagerung
B. revenue = Einnahme(n)
C. incentive = Anreiz
D. investment
E. chancellor UK = Finanzminister(in)
F. buyouts = Aufkäufe
2. A minimum tax rate for all?
A. monitoring (monitor sth. = etw. kontrollieren)
B. corporate = UnternehmensC. excess (excess return = Überschussrendite)
D. enforcement = Vollzug
E. sovereign = hoheitlich
LISTENING (p. 5)
Beer of old
1. Three questions
A–3; B–3; C–1
2. True or false?
A.False. Beer hasn’t been brewed in
Grimbergen Abbey for more than
200 years.
B. True
C.False. The brewery will first make
three kinds of beers inspired by
recipes from the abbey.
3. Missing information
A. smoked malt = Rauchmalz
B. charitable = karitativ
C. panel = Gremium
Transcript: Blessing the brewery
After more than 200 years, beer is again
being made in Grimbergen Abbey in
Belgium.
Carlsberg, one of the world’s largest
beer makers, has spent millions of euros
to reopen the ancient brewery. The Danish company wants to compete with the
smaller breweries that customers are
turning to. “It’s very important for our
growth, now and in the future,” CEO
Cees ’t Hart said at the brewery’s opening celebration in May 2021.
The brewery will first make three
kinds of beers inspired by the recipes
found in the abbey library. For example,
one beer will use the kind of smoked
malt used hundreds of years ago.
The priests living in the abbey have
blessed the brewery. The money they
receive from Carlsberg will pay for the
priests’ charitable work. They also make
the final decision on the beers. Carlsberg brewer Marc-Antoine Sochon
proudly told The Wall Street Journal: “We
have a full panel of tasters right here.”
1. Useful expressions
A–2; B–3; C–1
2. The right word
A. plate (have a lot on one’s plate UK =
viel um die Ohren haben)
B. expertise = Sachkompetenz
C. workload = Arbeitspensum
D. deadline = Frist
E. schedule = Zeit-, Terminplan
9/2021
INTERCULTURAL BUSINESS (p. 8)
Romania
1. Five facts
A–1; B–2; C–2; D–2; E–2 (The salt mine
Salina Turda, in north-west Romania, is
a popular tourist destination.)
2. Specialities and attractions
A–3 (Bran Castle in Transylvania is
alleged to be the inspiration for Bram
Stoker’s Dracula, however, there is no
evidence that Stoker was aware of the
existence of this castle.); B–2 (The German name of Brașov is Kronstadt; it
was founded by Knights of the Teutonic Order and was part of Siebenbürgen
(Transylvania).); C–8 (Lacul Roșu (Red
Lake) was formed by an earthquake in
1838.); D–6; E–7 (Sibiu’s German name
is Hermannstadt and the city was also
part of Siebenbürgen (Transylvania).);
F–5; G–1; H–4
CAREERS
LEADERSHIP (p. 9)
People skills
1. Managing difficult behaviour
TEXT 1
A. selfish = eigennützig
B. degenerate (degenerate into sth. = in
etw. ausarten; hier: entgleiten)
C. labelling = Etikettierung; hier: Abstempeln
D. committed (committed: be ~ to sth.
= auf etw. festgelegt sein; hier: ausgerichtet
sein)
TEXT 2
E. anxiety = Sorge, Besorgnis
F. enduring (endure sth. = etw. aushalten;
hier: sich etw. aussetzen)
G. overcommitment = übermäßiges Engagement
H.lurks (lurk around the corner = an jeder Ecke lauern)
TEXT 3
I. distort = verzerren
J. puncture = durchstechen
K. bubble = Blase
L. critique = kritisieren
READING (pp. 10–11)
Acts of kindness
COMMUNICATION
BUSINESS SKILLS (pp. 6–7)
Saying no
F. feasible = machbar
3. The right verb
A–6 (etw. untermauern, stützen); B–5 (etwa:
es darauf ankommen lassen); C–2 (etw.
durchziehen); D–4 (sich behaupten); E–1
(etw. übernehmen); F–3 (etw. ablehnen)
4. A definite “no”
A–2 (back sth. up = etw. untermauern,
stützen); B–2 (Person, die sich leicht herumkriegen lässt); C–1 (put sth. forward = etw.
vorbringen); D–2 (wirklich); E–1 (Engagements, Verpflichtungen)
1. What goes where?
A–1; B–4; C–3; D–2
2. True or false?
A.True. It is difficult to be equally kind
and ambitious at work. (lines 3–4)
B.False. If we always try to be kind, we
may not have the courage to move
up the ladder. (lines 6–7)
C.False. It is the kind people — and not
the ambitious ones — who do not
ANSWERS
ANSWERS
wish to exploit their relationships in
order to get promoted. (lines 12–13)
D.True. Being generally kind to others
also means that those people will be
kind and helpful towards you. (lines
16–17)
3. Key words
A. exploiting (exploit sth. = etw. ausnutzen)
B. emphasized (emphasize sth. = etw.
betonen, hervorheben)
C. skewed (be skewed towards sb. = hier:
auf jmdn. ausgerichtet sein)
D. construed (construe sth. = etw. auffassen, verstehen)
E. leveraging (leverage sth. = etw. einsetzen)
F. withstand (withstand sth. = etw. standhalten, aushalten)
LANGUAGE
SKILL UP! (pp. 12–13)
Talking about politics
1. The correct meaning
A. sand (bury one’s head in the sand =
den Kopf in den Sand stecken)
B. U-turn (do a U-turn = eine Kehrtwende
machen)
C. stand (take a stand against sth. = gegen
etw. Stellung beziehen)
D. facts (face (the) facts = den Tatsachen
ins Auge sehen)
E. flip-flop (flip-flop on sth. US ifml. =
seine Meinung zu etw. (ständig) ändern)
F. landslide (win by a landslide = einen
erdrutschartigen Sieg davontragen)
2. The world of politics
A. enter (enter politics = in die Politik
gehen)
B. playing (play politics = politische
Schachzüge machen)
C. reshape (reshape politics = die Politik
umgestalten, reformieren)
D. talk (talk politics = politisieren, über Politik reden)
E. office (office politics = Machenschaften/ Rangeleien im Büro)
3. Political what?
A. clout (political clout = politisches Gewicht)
B. gain (political gain = politische(r)
Vorteil(e), politischer Nutzen)
C. suicide (political suicide = politischer
Selbstmord)
D. heavyweight (political heavyweight
= politisches Schwergewicht)
E. stalemate (political stalemate = politisches Patt, politischer Stillstand)
4. Translation time!
A. Who would want to go into politics
these days?
B. The government is expected to implement new policies.
C. In the UK, the Labour Party usually
adopts left-wing policies.
D. Brinkmanship isn’t the answer to the
crisis.
(Other translations are possible.)
TEST (p. 14)
What have you learned?
1–C; 2–A; 3–C; 4–B; 5–C; 6–A; 7–C; 8–C;
9–C; 10–B
15
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