Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS-2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22OAB-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-0052-7
2022 Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS) | 978-1-6654-0052-7/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICAIS53314.2022.9743026
Smart Faucet with Automatic Door Control
System
Mahesh N
Associate Professor
Electronics and
Instrumentation Engineering
Kongu Engineering College
Perundurai, Erode.
mahesh.eie@kongu.edu
Deepak Prasath G S
UG scholar,
Electronics and
Instrumentation Engineering
Kongu Engineering College
Perundurai, Erode.
deepakprasathgs.18eie@kongu.
edu
Abstract—COVID-19 is an infectious disease that
causes serious pandemic. There are many means to
contradict the outspread of the microbe and one such
way is to sterilize the hands by washing with soap for 20
seconds. Despite washing hands regularly, there is a
tendency to touch the contaminated surface in the tap
and door handles. In order to make the ha nds
contamination-free before entering the premise, a
solution that a person will be allowed to enter only a fter
hand washing has been implemented. Having an
automatic faucet and door which will be controlled
using the micro controller Arduino Nano wherein
various sensors like IR sensor and other devices like
servo motor, relay module and LCD display will be
interfaced with the micro controller has been proposed.
An IR sensor will be placed at the door that senses
whether the person has washed his/her hands or not
and grant access for the entry. Another IR sensor will
be placed at the faucet and it will sense the person’s
hand and control the water flow accordingly. The
proposed system will ensure whether people have
washed their hands before entering their premises and
grant access accordingly.
. Keywords – microcontroller, contamination-free, faucet,
door access, automation, timer
I.
INT RODUCT ION
Hand washing with soap remains as one of the best
defenses towards the virus, alongside other public fitness
measures like maintaining social distancing, warding off
crowded regions [8]. The virus is shaped from genetic
material, cleaning soap molecules can dis rupt this lipid
memb rane, inflict ing it to disintegrate; these are then
washed away when people rinse their fingers.
II.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Gbasouzor Austin Ikechukwu et. al [5] have mentioned
that the unhygienic and detrimental process of washing
hands in various hotels has prompted the need for
automating the hand washing process. This system
designed is operated through an IR sensor, when the user
place his/her hands in the washing area without
touching/pressing any kind of button as the system wh ich
was designed previously has buttons for operation, so there
Divyadharshini E
UG scholar,
Electronics and
Instrumentation Engineering
Kongu Engineering College
Perundurai, Erode.
divyadharshinie.18eie@kong
u.edu
Gokul V
UG scholar,
Electronics and
Instrumentation Engineering
Kongu Engineering College
Perundurai, Erode.
gokulv.18eie@kongu.edu
is a chance of contamination while touching the buttons for
water and soap dispensing therefore the efforts made to
automate the water and soap dispensing went in vain. This
examination work has effectively introduced a useful and
profoundly productive min imal expense sensor-directed
mach ine for washing and drying hands which is installable
in a few spots inside the geological region.
Vani K.S and Shrinidhi [13] have mentioned that in this
hustling world people have started to prefer auto mation in
their routine work such as monitoring patients and elders.
This system is about controlling the tap with mob ile
phones. This system will be used to control the tap in our
home like plant watering, washing through the internet.
This project uses Arduino 2560 board. It is coded in the
Arduino IDE platform and app is developed using android.
The first step is authentication, once it is successful the
user begins with selecting the area in their ho me or
wherever the place they want to regulate or monitor.
Hurriyatul Fitriyah [6] mentioned that while washing
their hands people forget to use soap and wash their hands
for at least 20 seconds which is given in the standard hand
washing procedure. The existence of hands in front of the
tap is determined by an IR pro ximity sensor. Init ially the
system forces out soap and water parallelly to ensure the
users are using the both. The washing duration was
intimated by the sound of the buzzer and the light fro m
LED’s. The testing on the system by a doctor ensured that
the tap aids the hand washing standard procedure.
Yasin et. al [14] has mentioned that billions of people in
the country of the US have reported limited movement;
especially those who need a walking cane, wheelchair, or
people of old age find it difficult to open the doorknob. To
address this problem, they developed an automatic door
opening system that will be modified to most standard, that
will minimize the effort in moving through doors. .
Jennifer Raj [12] said that Railroad crossings without
doors and guards are the major cause for accidents between
vehicles and trains aside fro m hu man factors. Here is a
model of automatic railroad doorstop is developed using
SG90 9g micro servo with TCRT-5000 sensor supported
Arduino Uno ATmega 328 micro-controller. The sensor is
employed in such a way to detect the position of the train.
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Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS-2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22OAB-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-0052-7
The exist ing method of auto matic tap system is present
only in places where there is a requirement of washing
hands like in restaurants [7]. People may wash their hands
without touching taps but tend to touch the doorknobs or
handles before and after entering their premises, this
probably aids in transfer of contaminants like virus particles
fro m person to person. Though the method ensures clean
hands after washing but cannot maintain throughout the
entering process and this is because the door system is not
automated along with the tap.
The p roposed system prevents the contaminat ion o f
people’s hands with v irus part icles [10] before entering
their premises. The auto mat ic tap open ing system and the
door opening system will be interfaced. The door will be
opened and closed concerning the opening and closing of
the tap. Th is will decrease the chance of getting in fected
with the virus particles.
III. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
Automatic door and tap system consists of several
components specifically for performing a specific task.
The working of the project and block diagram is
given in figure 1.
Fig.1. Block diagram of the proposed system
Fig.2 Arduino Nano
Arduino Nano is used in this project to interface the
sensors [9]. The specifications of Arduino Nano are
tabulated in the table 1.
TABLE I. SPECIFICATIONS OF ARDUINO NANO
Specifications
Memory
Range
32 kB (ATmega328)
(2 kB of SRAM,
1 kB EEPROM and
2 kB used by Boot
loader)
16 Mega Hertz
Clock speed
Recommended input
voltage
Current rating for each pin
(5-10) Volts DC
40 mA
B. Servomotor
A servo motor is known for its great precision. It
contains a feedback circuit in the shaft; this feedback allows
the servo motor to operate with greater p recision. It cons ists
of th ree wires a red wire, a b ro wn wire, and an o rang e
wire. The red wire (+5V) is used fo r supp ly, th e bro wn
wire (GN D) is used for g round and the o range wire
(PWM ) is used fo r PWM signal. App licat ion o f S G90
Servo Motor is in RC cars hu mano id bots etc. Servo motor
can be seen in figure 3.
The components involved with the system are Arduino
Nano, E18-D80NK IR pro ximity sensor, single channeled
relay module, solenoid valve, I2 C LCD display, IR sensor
and servomotor.
A.Arduino Nano
The Arduino Nano shown in figure 1 is a small Arduino
board based on ATmega328p or ATmega 628
Microcontroller [1]. It also contains an oscillator, serial
communicat ion port, voltage regulator, etc. It has 22 p ins on
the whole which is divided as 6 analog pins, 14 dig ital p ins
(6 pins for PWM), a USB connection and a reset button. It is
comparatively smaller in size than the UNO board. The
Arduino Nano is interfaced using the Arduino (IDE), which
can run on various platforms. Various components like IR
sensor, E18-D80NK IR p ro xi mity sensor, servo moto r,
relay modu le are int erfaced with th e microcont roller. in
Figure 2 displays the Arduino Nano board.
Fig.3. Servomotor
The Servo motor is used to contro l door op erat ion; it is
contro lled by sending an elect rical pu lse o f v ariab le
width i.e. Pulse W idth Modu lat ion (PWM ). So , it is
connected through the po rt D5 o f the ardu ino wh ich is
one of the special port dedicated for PWM signal.
C.E18-D80NK IR Sensor
The E18-D80NK adjustable IR Pro ximity Sensor Switch
is shown in figure 4 contains an IR sensor that detects
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Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS-2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22OAB-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-0052-7
objects in the range of 3 to 80 cm. The sensor consists of two
components a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter
transmits infrared light to the object which is detected. The
light gets reflected fro m the detected object and is received
in the receiver which converts the received light energy into
current with the help of the IC [2]. The sensor possesses a
potentiometer to adjust the distance. In the faucet system, the
output of the IR obstacle Avoidance Proximity Sensor (E18 D80NK) which is used to detect the presence of the hand is
connected to the Arduino Nano through the port D6.
duration. The LCD contains backlight and displays 32
characters in two ro ws. It consists of four pins. GND of
LCD is connected to the ground of Arduino board. V CC is
fixed with the 5V output of Arduino. The SDA (Serial
Data) p in is connected through the port A4 wh ich is the
special port dedicated for Serial Data Co mmunicat ion and
Similarly SCL (Serial Clock) pin is connected through A5.
Figure 6 shows I2 C LCD Display.
Fig.6. I2 C LCD Display
F. Relay Module
Fig.4. E18-D80NK IR sensor
The E18-D80NK IR pro xi mity sensor contains three
wires bro wn, blue, and black wire. The b ro wn wire is
connected to the 5V supply , the b lue wire is fixed with
GND p in, and b lack wire is jo ined with the d ig ital output.
The sensor operates at a 5V supply and its contro l output
is 100mA. It works quite well in even sunlight.
The system uses a single channel relay to operate the
solenoid valve. DC is used to energize the relay coil which
opens or closes the contact switches [10]. The relay module
internally consists of NO (normally open) contacts, NC
(normally closed) contacts , and a coil. Figure 7 shows the
pin diagram of the relay.
D.IR Sensor
IR sensor is an electronic device emitting IR light to
detect objects. Figure 5 shows the IR sensor. These five
basic elements are ut ilized in a typical infrared detection
system:
transmission mediu m, infrared detectors or
receivers, an infrared source, an optical co mponent, and
signal processing. It operates at 5V. It consists of three pins
VCC, GND, and OUT. VCC is the power supply input pin,
GND is the power supply ground and OUT is the active
high output.
Fig.7. Single channel relay module
G.Solenoid Valve
A soleno id valve shown in figu re 8 is an elect ro mech anically contro lled valve. The valv e contains a
solenoid , wh ich is an electrical co il with a movab le
ferro magn etic co re in its center. Th is co re is named th e
plunger [3]. In the rest pos it ion, the p lunger closes o ff a
little o rifice. an elect rical current th rough the co il creates
magnet ic flu x. Th e magnet ic flu x exerts a force on th e
plunger. As a resu lt, the p lunger is pu lled to ward th e
midd le o f the co il in o rder that the o rifice opens. Th is is
often th e essential p rincip le that's wont to op en and shut
solenoid v alves. Soleno id valves are used fo r closing ,
distributing, or mixing the flow of gas or liquid in a pipe.
Fig.5. IR Sensor
E. I2 C LCD Display
The connection of an LCD with an Arduino consumes
so many pins. This disadvantage can be overcome by
replacing normal LCD with an I2 C LCD as an I2 C LCD
needs only two I/ O p ins for interface. An LCD d isplay with
I2C protocol is used to display the hand washing time
978-1-6654-0052-7/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE
Fig.8. Solenoid valve
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Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS-2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22OAB-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-0052-7
IV.
TECHNICA L DESCRIPTION
The proposed system consists of two different units to
undergo different functions.
•
•
Tap System
Door System
A. Tap System
In Smart faucet system, the output of the IR obstacle
Avoidance Proximity Sensor (E18 - D80NK) wh ich is used
to detect the presence of the hand is connected to the
Arduino Nano through the port D6 [4]. For automatic tap
opening the solenoid valve is being used and it requires a
DC power supply of (9-12)V, so power supply has been
given externally using 12Volt Adapter. A relay is used to
control the solenoid valve and it’s input is connected to the
port D4.
Fig.10. Door system of prototype model
C.Working of the system
The supply has to be given so that the relay coil
gets excited. The process flow is described as shown in
Figure 11.
Fig.9.Tap System Arrangement
Figure 9 shows the tap system consisting of a
solenoid valve, Relay module, E18- D80NK IR pro ximity
sensor, LCD interfaced with the microcontroller Arduino
nano [11]. The solenoid valve which is connected with the
relay module is fixed at the bottom of the tank for the water
outlet. The IR sensor is placed above the solenoid valve for
detecting the presence of the hand of a person under the tap.
The IR sensor is the E18 D80NK IR pro ximity sensor
which can be adjusted for distance is used here. The LCD is
placed over the tank for displaying the commands regarding
tap opening and time duration of washing hands. Once the
person keeps his hand in front of the sensor, it detects the
presence of the hand and the water flo ws out of the
solenoid valve for hand washing.
B. Door System
The door system consists of the servo motor, IR
sensor interfaced with the microcontro ller A rduino nano
[7]. Th e IR sensor wh ich is p laced on the doo r system
detects the p resence o f a person and sends the signal to
the contro ller. It sends the signal to the servo moto r fo r
opening and closing o f the door. The doo r will be opened
for few seconds for the entry of the person and then it
will be closed. Once the person keeps his hand in front
of the sensor placed in the door, it detects the p resence o f
the hand and the door opens for the entry of the person.
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Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS-2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22OAB-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-0052-7
V.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
When a person wants to enter h is premise, he will
be given access only after washing his hands in the tap
system. The tap system is prov ided with soleno id fo r
water out let and E18 D80NK IR p ro ximity sensor fo r
sensing or detecting the person’s hands. Once he is done
with washing h is hands, he will be g ranted access for
entering the premises and the co mmands will be
displayed in the LCD d isplay. The door system is g iven
with a servo motor fo r open ing and closing . After gett ing
access the door will be opened fo r few seconds enabling
the person to enter the premise.
Thus, the s mart faucet with auto mat ic doo r
control system ensures the p erson is gett ing in with
contamination free hands. Therefore, reducing the spread
of virus among the people
Fig.12. Hardware of the proposed model
VI.
CONCLUSION
A prototype has been developed to p revent the
entry of contaminated person into the premises. By
implementing this s mart setup, spread ing of v irus through
contaminated h ands can be prevented . Th is setup is
co mpat ible to any locat ion and econo mical and
reasonable to install on a large scale. The person entering
the premise cou ld b e mon itored . Th is pro ject proposed a
prototype in developing s mart faucet with auto mat ic door
control system.
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Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy (ICAIS-2022)
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP22OAB-ART; ISBN: 978-1-6654-0052-7
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