ACCEPTABILITY OF PROJECT ARAYAT TO MAGALANG BYPASS ROAD TO
THE AFFECTED COMMUNITY
A Thesis Proposal
Submitted to the Faculty of the
College of Agriculture Systems and Technology
Pampanga State Agricultural University
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Forestry
MIKO GABRIEL A. MANALUS
JUNE 2023
ii
APPROVAL SHEET
This thesis is hereto attached entitled ACCEPTABILITY OF PROJECT ARAYAT TO
MAGALANG BYPASS ROAD TO THE AFFECTED COMMUNITY, prepared and
submitted by MIKO GABRIEL A. MANALUS, in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Bachelor in Science of Forestry Major in Forest Resources
Management is hereby recommended for acceptance and approval.
CLAUDELYN D. DUMAGAS, RPF
Adviser
_________________________
Date Signed
LUISITO TERBIO, RPF
Member, Thesis Committee
_________________________
Date Signed
ROY JOVEN R. AMATUS, Ph.D.
Member, Thesis Committee
_________________________
Date Signed
Approved and accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN FORESTRY (BSF) major in FOREST RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT, Pampanga State Agricultural University, Magalang, Pampanga.
ROY JOVEN R. AMATUS, Ph.D.
Thesis Coordinator
_________________________
Date Signed
DARWIN TOTAAN, Ph.D.
Chairman, Department of Forestry and
Agroforestry
_________________________
Date Signed
JOANARCH C. BRIONES, Ph.D.
Dean, College of Agriculture Systems and Technology
_________________________
Date Signed
iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The researcher would like to express her sincere gratitude and appreciation to the
people who contribute and supported to bring this thesis to a successful outcome.
For all benefits, knowledge, courage and power in the first place to Almighty God;
To his Adviser, For. Claudelyn D. Dumagas for assisting him to improve his knowledge for
informational suggestions, encouragements, remarkable advice and support;
To For. Luisto Terbio and for. Roy Joven R. Amatus, his panelists for their
recommendations, assistance, and suggestions.
To For. Roy Joven R. Amatus and the whole faculty of Department of Forestry
and Agro-forestry for giving their support and valuable suggestions for the improvement
of the thesis;
To his friends Mariah Joy Palomares, Mhenard Mesina, Richard Mark Dalipe,
and to my Dorm Mates for supporting and cheering me every time.
His beloved Parents, Mr. Victor T. Manalus and Mrs. Marlene A. Manalus and
his older brother John Kevin A. Manalus, younger sister Keith Ella A. Manalus for
unconditional love, understanding, moral and financial support and being her source of
inspiration.
MANALUS, MIKO GABRIEL A.
v
Republic of the Philippines
PAMPANGA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Magalang, Pampanga
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY
This certifies that the thesis entitled “ACCEPTABILITY OF PROJECT ARAYAT
TO MAGALANG BYPASS ROAD TO THE AFFECTED COMMUNITY,”
prepared and submitted by MIKO GABRIEL A. MANALUS, has been duly edited and
scrutinized by the English Critic whose signature is affixed bellow.
(CRITIC NAME)
English Critic
________________________
Date signed
vii
JUNE 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
TITLE PAGE …………………………………………………………………….
APPROVAL SHEET ……………………………………………………….……
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
…………………………………………………….
DATA TESTING CERTIFICATE
……………………………………………..
CERTIFICATE OF ENGLISH CRITIC
……………………………………….
CERTIFICATE OF QUESTIONAIRRE VALIDATION …………………………
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
……………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………….
LIST OF FIGURES ……………………………………..………………………..
LIST OF APPENDICES
ABSTRACT
……………………………………………………….
….………………………………………………………………….
CHAPTER I – THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
………………
………………………………………………………………
Statement of the Problem
………………………………………………
Objectives of the Study
………………………………………………
Hypothesis
………………………………………………………………
Significance of the Study
………………………………………………
Time and Place of the Study ………………………………………………
Scope and Delimitation of the Study ………………………………………
Definition of Terms
………………………………………………………
CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
……………… .........
viii
Related Studies
………………………………………………………
Local Studies ……………………………………………………...
Foreign Studies ……………………………………………………..
CHAPTER III – METHODOLOGY ……………………………………………….
Locale of the Study
……………………………………………………….
Respondents of the Study
…………………………………………………
Sample size and Sampling Method
……………………………………….
Research Instrument
……………………………………….………………
Data Collection
……………………………………………………….
Data Analysis/ Statistical Treatment of Data ….……………………………
CHAPTER IV – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Socio Demographic Profile
……………………………….
……………………………………………..
If they’re in favor of the road extension
………………………………
What are the effects of road extension to the biodiversity nearby ………….
CHAPTER V – SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary ………………………………………………………………….
Conclusion
……………………………………………………………….
Recommendations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
……………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………
ix
APPENDIX
………………………………………………………………………
QUESTIONNAIRE ……………………………………………………………….
PLATES …………………………………………………………………………...
CURRICULUM VITAE…………………………………………………………….
3
LIST OF TABLES
PAGE
Table 1. Socio demographic profile ………………………………………………………
3
LIST OF FIGURES
PAGE
Figure 1. Are you in favor about the road construction?………………………………………
Figure 2. Who do you see are benefiting from road extension the most? ……………………
Figure 3. Did your property got affected by road extension? …………………………………
Figure 4. If yes, What? …………………………………………………………………..
Figure 5. Causes deforestation ……………………………………………………………..
Figure 6. Disturbance of wildlife …………………………………………………………..
Figure 7. Increase forest encroachment …………………………………………………….
Figure 8. Increase poaching of wildlife ……………………………………………………
Figure 9. Could increase flooding. …………………………………………………………
Figure 10. Increase heat on the microclimate……………………………………………….
Figure 11. Could increase solid waste accumulation ……………………………………….
Figure 12. Could increase air pollution. …………... …………………………………….
Figure 13. Could cause water pollution on nearby body of waters.………………………….
Figure 14. Increase visitors and improve ecotourisim ……………………............................
Figure 15. Generate income related to transportation …………………………………………
Figure 16. Increase enterprices such as stores and restourants along the road.………………
Figure 17. Reduce transportation time and costs.…………………………………………..
Figure 18. Reasons for changing the job ………………….………………………….
Figure 19. Increase value of land ………………………………................................
3
CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
INTRODUCTION
Forest roads are among the most popular recreational features in a forest.
They can serve a variety of purposes, such as providing travelling challenges, facilitating
site seeing, and providing an opportunity to observe wildlife or other aesthetically pleasing
stunning views. Roads can also help you get to your favorite hunting or camping spots. But
on the other hand, other people don’t see the impacts of it in their environment especially
for the forest. As stated by Forman and Alexander, 1998, Spellerberg and Morrison, 1998,
Forman et al., 2003, Coffin, 2007, “roads can have many ecological impacts, affecting air
quality, soil, vegetation, wildlife and humans near them.” For the ecological impacts it can
be road surface erosion and sediment yield, pollution of off-site waters, slope failures and
mass movement, direct loss of habitat. Affecting air quality cause of cutting trees and less
plants. Additionally, the source of living of the families living there can affect by covering
into an artificial surface. Large areas of forest are damaged throughout road construction,
resulting in not only economic losses but also changes in environmental conditions.
However, constructing roads in forest can help people to reduce their travel time,
prevent traffics and unexpected accidents but at the same time, the impact of it in
environment has a big factor to prioritize. The environment plays for protecting us in any
typhoons. “There are a number of factors that influence the amount of sediment produced
from the surface of the road. Aggregate quality is one; in forestry, heavy loads on the road
3
can both fracture and abrade the rock and create smaller particles.” (Boston,2016) Driving
a heavy load truck can lead into different accidents such as driving in rough surface of road,
when it’s raining, and earthquakes. Forest is known for having trees, plants, aquatic
resources, etc. and by these endless vehicles that are passing by, especially when it’s
raining, can cause soil erosion, landslides, and accidents like striking vehicles. Due to these
effects, those people who are living in forest, can be also affected.
Wildlife animals consider the forest as their home. Case RM. Interstate highway roadkilled animals: a data source for biologists. Wildl Soc Bull. 1978;6(1):8–13. has stated that
speed and traffic volumes are two of the more important variables in predicting vehicle
strikes. It is often road segments with moderate traffic and high speed that produce the
highest mortality rates. High traffic volume keeps many animals from attempting to cross
roads, as these roads can be perceived as a barrier to the animals. These vehicle strikes also
can pose a safety hazard for the vehicle occupants. Wildlife animals are at risk when it
comes to this kind of situation. We cannot prevent such as these accidents especially when
their use to do it daily. At some point, constructing road limits the animals from their
natural movement and activities.
The construction of the Arayat-to-Magalang road is 15 kilometers and will take until
the end of the quarter of the year. It says that as soon as it is open, almost 100,000
motorcycle riders and commuters will benefit from it, according to Congressman Dong
Gonzales.
3
Statement of the problem
This study aims to determine the effects of constructing a road in San Juan Baño purok
1 & 6 and Lacquios purok 1 & 2 Mt. Arayat to Magalang in the environment and forest
trees.
Specifically, the researchers intend to answer the following questions:
1. What are the benefits of having road extensions?
2. How does building roads affect the people living in the rainforest?
3. What are the pros and cons of having road extensions in mountain?
4. What is the importance of having road extension?
Hypothesis
1. The benefits of having road extensions are reduced time travel, tourist spots, engage
more in recreational activities such as biking, hiking, and camping.
2. It can increase the supply of goods because of easy and convenient transportation.
3. Pros
Easy and fast transportation for the people living near the forest.
Cons
Reduce the land for agricultural resources such as planting vegetables and fruits.
4. Extension roads tend to be the way to reduce time travel of commuters, prevent
traffic, and pollution.
3
Significance of study
In this field of Forestry, constructing road extension in San Juan Baño purok 1 & 6
and Lacquios purok 1 & 2 of Mt. Arayat must consider the different effects in order to
attain of preventing destroying the environment.
Time and Place of the Study
The study would be conduct in town of San Juan Baño purok 1 & 6 and Lacquios
purok 1 & 2 of Arayat, Pampanga
Scope and Delimitation of the study
Only the residence of San Juan Baño purok 1 & 6 and Lacquios purok 1 & 2 would
be include in this study.
Definition of Term
ECOLOGICAL - relating to or concerned with the relation of living organisms to
one another and to their physical surroundings.
WILDLIFE - Wildlife traditionally refers to undomesticated animal species, but has
come to include all organisms that grow or live wild in an area without being
introduced by humans.
3
ECONOMIC - is the study of scarcity and its implications for the use of resources,
production of goods and services, growth of production and welfare over time, and
a great variety of other complex issues of vital concern to society.
3
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter contains a review of related literature and studies that the researchers have
read in order to add light on the matter.
International
Constructing roads in forest is useful especially for commuters who want to prevent
some traffic from other vehicles and want to reduce their time travel. On the other hand,
allowing this to always be constructed has a bad impact for the environment. According to
the website ROADEX, (n.d) “Good handling of materials can enable most residual
materials to be used in one way or another. If the quality of material is too poor to use in
the road structure, it can usually be employed as landscaping material, e.g. to level out
steep slopes. Some waste will of course always occur, e.g. packaging material, oil residues
and the like, but these should be minimized.” Accomplishing construction like this can
affect the environment by gasoline, accumulators and accumulator acids, diesel oil,
transmission oils, shock dampers, various acids, and other hazardous wastes are generated
during road operations. Vehicles are the primary source of these dangerous goods (both
road users and maintenance). Throughout road works, all vehicles on the job site must be
properly serviced to ensure that there are no leaks. By these problems, it can result different
accidents and natural disaster.
3
Additionally, farmers are also affected by this construction because their agricultural
business were not prioritized especially for budget. As stated by Wullingdool, (2020), “The
situation of poor network to farming communities can be blames on several factors but top
among them is low commitment of the Central Government to radically improve on the
road network in farming communities. By observation whatever has a high commitment
from government gets done. Therefore, the inability of successive governments to speedily
connect farming communities to marketing centres is due to low commitment.” Farmers
are investing low because some of them don’t have the privilege and money. That’s why
they are being left behind because the government doesn’t prioritize them and having low
budget. However, the standard of living of rural farmers and income are becoming low.
Local
In the Philippines, there are a lot of problems that affecting the environment when it
comes to road construction. “There are different innovative strategies to resolve
environmental and social risks and one of the most applicable projects in urban areas is the
road improvement. The primary purpose of road improvement is for promoting economic
efficacy and enabling business environment which must safeguard the environment,
indigenous, and vulnerable people” (Gichaga, 2017). On the other hand, flooding,
landslides, and different natural disasters are occurring and some of these cannot be
prevented. However, with the help of The Philippine Development Plan 2011–2016
envisions “safe, secure, efficient, viable, competitive, dependable, integrated,
environmentally sustainable, and people-oriented Philippine transportation system” (p.4).
Some problems are being resolved, especially the environment.
3
In constructing forest road in the Philippines, workers are obligated to cut trees
and as they cut various of these, they can’t see the effects of it in the environment.
According to the Blog entitled “Look Upgrade”, 2020, “The disappearance of animal and
plant species because of their loss of habitat is one of the most harmful and disturbing
impacts of deforestation. 70% of the animals and plant species on land live in the forests.
Deforestation not only endangers organisms known to us but also those unknown.” Loss
of habitats for animals can harm them and can result of extreme shortage of food.
Additionally, some parts of aquatic places that can serve as their food and water are also
affected by the waste, pollution and dirt that came from different vehicles. Throughout
these actions, the animals and environment are affected and can result of different natural
disasters.
3
CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
Locale of the study
The research would take place in Lacquios Purok 1 & 2, San Juan Baño Purok 1 &
6, Arayat, Pampanga. is located on the island of Luzon
Research Method
The researchers used a simple random sampling method. That means that the population
in Lacquios Purok 1 & 2, San Juan Baño Purok 1 & 6, Arayat, Pampanga are divided
with the same interest and ideas. The researchers chose this technique because it’s easy
and more convenient. Each survey questionnaire must undergo a specific method for the
researchers to identify the possible errors in the data being presented.
3
Respondents of the Study
The respondents in this survey are the people living in Lacquios Purok 1 & 2, San Juan
Baño Purok 1 & 6 of Arayat, Pampanga.
Sample size and sampling method
This research intends to interview the residences living in Lacquios Purok 1 & 2, San Juan
Baño Purok 1 & 6, Arayat, Pampanga. Random sampling would be used. A total of 129
out of 742 residences are interviewed in this study.
Data Collection
In this section, it states the sequence on how the researchers would gather data. Firstly,
the researchers constructed a problem that was validated by their research adviser. The
researchers will write a letter of permit that will be passed to their research adviser. After
given permission they will use quantitative and qualitative survey questionnaire to collect
3
data from residence of Arayat, Pampanga through face-to-face survey by the means of
simple random sampling method. Researchers will explain the research objective to the
participants that will affect the construction. Such as farmers, owners of plantation,
people who work and live there and ensure that they will provide experiential responses.
After collecting all data, the researchers will tally all the responses from their survey.
Statistical Treatment of Data
Descriptive analysis would be the primary data analysis that would be used in this
study. The data will be presented in terms of frequency tables and percentages. Thematic
analysis will be employed for open-ended questions.
Research Instrument
The study used a survey questionnaire. The questionnaire included the
respondents consent form, respondents’ personal information and respondents’ idea about
the road construction and the effect of it in environmental.
CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The questionnaire was divided into three parts. The first part gathered information on
the respondents' demographic profiles. The questionnaire's second part determined if the
3
respondents are in favor of construction, who are the benefiting the road extension, and if
the respondents’ property is affected. The third part of the surveys assessed the effect of
road extension to the forest cover and biodiversity and effect on environmental condition
in their area. There are 742 total population combined. However, the total number of
respondents is 129. This is equivalent to 17.38% response rate. And using slovin’s formula
the computed margin of error is 8% which is acceptable.
The tables and figures below discuss the results from the data collected through
face-to-face survey. The study attempted to investigate the acceptance of the residence to
the extension road and their knowledge about the effect of it on the environment.
Socio Demographic Profile
Table 1. Socio demographic characteristics of the respondents.
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC
PROFILE
Gender
Female (2)
Male (1)
Married (2)
FREQUENCY
61
68
123
PERCENTAGE
(%)
47.29
52.71
95.35
MEAN S.D.
50
3.84
50
64.13
3
Civil
Status
Single (1)
6
4.65
Table 1 shows the demographic data of the respondents The majority of the respondents
are male with 52.71 percent compared to female respondents only consists of 47.29
percent. In terms of civil status, the data shows that 95.35 percent of respondents were
married, 4.65 percent were single.
140
129
120
100
80
60
51
43
40
28
20
0,33
0,40
0,22
7
0,05
1,00
0
SAN JUAN BANO SAN JUAN BANO
1
6
LACQUIOS 1
LACQUIOS 2
TOTAL
Figure 1. The total number of my respondents is 129, 51 are living in purok 6 SJB and
43 in purok 1 SJB. 28 respondents are living in Lacquios purok 1 and 7 in purok 2.
3
35
33
30
25
20
18
16
15
10
7
7
DRIVER
LABOR
5
0
N/A
VENDOR
FARMER
Figure 2. In terms of their work, majority of the respondent 33 or 26% doesn’t have
work, followed by 18 or 14% who are vendors, while other 16 or 12% are farmers, and 7
or 4% are drivers and labors.
A. Educational background
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
ELEMENTARY
SENIOR HIGH
Figure 3. Educational Attainment.
COLLEGE
HIGH SCHOOL
NO FORMAL
SCHOOLING
3
Data shows that 65 respondents are high school graduates and 47 are elementary while
College is 4 and Senior high is only 1 and the other 12 is No formal schooling.
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
TOTAL
Figure 4. Number of households.
The data show that 42 of my respondents have 4 number of households same with 5. 21
in 6 number of households. While 2, 8 and 9 numbers of households got 2 frequencies.
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10, 000 – 20, 20, 000 – 30,
000
000
30, 000 –
40,000
40, 000 – 50, 50, 000 – 60,
000
000
NONE
3
Figure 5. Salary.
In terms of salary 84 of the respondents earn 10,000 up to 20,000 and 11 are earning
20,000 to 30, 000 and the other 34 did not answer.
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Strongly infavor
Infavor
Not Infavor
Strongly not Infavor
Figure 6. Are you in favor of road extension.
Respondents asked if they are in favor of the road extension, 75 of them answered
infavor and 26 are strongly infavor. While the 28 people answered not infavor.
3
Название диаграммы
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Figure 7. Who do you see are benefits from road extension the most?
78 people answered owner of land and 28 answered commuters. 8 for mountaineers and 5
for bikers. While the other answered 8 for street vendors, 5 bikers and 2 for campers
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
YES
NO
Figure 8. Did your property got affected by road extension?
3
The data shows that 120 of my respondents were not affected. While the other 9 people
their property got affected.
4,5
4
3,5
3
2,5
2
1,5
1
0,5
0
House
Property premises
wall
Land
Farm
Figure 9. If yes, What?
Among the 9 respondents got affected, 4 of them is farm and the other 4 is Land, 1 is
House.
1. What do you think are the effect of this project on forest cover & biodiversity
nearby?
3
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
strongly agree
agree
neither agree
dis agree
strongly dis
agree
Figure 10. Causes Deforestation
As shown in the figure, indicates that among the 92 respondents answered Agree, and 23
are Strongly Agree. While the 14 remaining respondents answered Neither agree.
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
strongly agree
agree
neither agree
dis agree
strongly dis agree
Figure 11. Disturbance of wildlife.
The respondent thinks disturbance of wildlife in biodiversity nearby is affected 83 said
Agree, 18 respondents Strongly agree and 25 is Neither agree. While 3 people Disagreed.
3
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
strongly agree
agree
neither agree
dis agree
strongly dis agree
Figure 12. Increase forest encroachment.
Their thoughts about increasing forest encroachment. 78 people agreed that it can
increase. And 16 said Strongly agree, 31 Neither agree, while 4 people disagree.
Neither dis agree
strongly dis agree
dis agree
neither agree
agree
strongly agree
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Figure 13. increase poaching of wildlife.
Increase poaching of wildlife in biodiversity. 16 answered Strongly agree and 76 just
agreed, some answered Neither Agree (30) while 4 people disagreed.
3
2. How do you think this road would affect environmental conditions in your area?
Could increase flooding
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
strongly
agree
agree
neither
agree
dis agree strongly dis Neither dis
agree
agree
Figure 14. Could increase flooding.
Could increase flooding? Their answer is Strongly agree for 13 people, 65 answered
Agree. Others said Neither agree, while 7 people dis agree.
Increase heat on the microclimate
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
strongly agree
agree
neither agree
dis agree
Figure 15. Increase heat on the microclimate.
strongly dis
agree
Neither dis
agree
3
This data shows respondent idea about increasing heat on the microclimate is agreed by
76 respondents, 29 is Strongly Agree and 23 Neither agree. While there is 1 person
answered disagree.
Could increase solid waste
accumulation
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
strongly
agree
agree
neither
agree
dis agree
strongly dis Neither dis
agree
agree
Figure 16. Could increase solid waste accumulation.
Could increase solid waste accumulation on the road. 36 people answered Strongly
agree, 81 people just answered agree and other 12 people answered Neither agree.
Could increase air pollution
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
strongly
agree
agree
neither
agree
dis agree
strongly dis Neither dis
agree
agree
3
Figure 17. Could increase air pollution.
Building new roads could increase air pollution. Out of 129 respondents 85 people
answered Agree. 34 for Strongly Agree and 10 Neither agree.
Could cause water pollution on
nearby body of waters.
100
100
80
60
40
21
20
7
1
0
0
0
strongly
agree
agree
neither
agree
dis agree strongly dis Neither dis
agree
agree
Figure 18. Could cause water pollution on nearby body of waters.
Data shows, 100 respondents agreed that building new road could cause water pollution
on nearby body of water and 21 respondents answered Strongly agree others said Neither
agree. While there’s 1 respondent that disagreed.
3. How do you think this would contribute to the social & ecological condition of Brgy?
Affected?
3
INCREASE VISITORS AND
IMPROVE ECOTOURISIM
99
100
80
60
40
20
0
17
strongly
agree
13
agree
0
0
0
neither dis agree strongly Neither
agree
dis agree dis agree
Figure 19. Increase visitors and improve ecotourisim.
The Figure shows 99 of respondents agreed that I will increase visitors and improve
ecotourism. 17 people just answered Strongly agree and 13 Neither agree.
Generate income related to
transportation
80
62
60
37
40
20
24
4
2
0
0
strongly
agree
agree
neither dis agree strongly Neither
agree
dis agree dis agree
Figure 20. Generate income related to transportation.
The Data shows most of my 129 respondents 62 of them answered Neither agree and 24
dis agree, 2 strongly dis agree they think that I will not generate income. While there are
37 respondents answered agree and 4 Strongly agree they believe that I will generate
income related to transportation.
3
Increase enterprises such as
stores and restourants along
the road.
91
100
19
17
50
2
0
0
0
strongly agree
agree
neither
agree
dis strongly Neither
agree
dis
dis
agree agree
Figure 21. Increase enterprises such as stores and restourants along the road.
The data shows that out of my 129 respondents 91 person agreed and 17 Strongly agree
they believe having a new road can increase enterprises such as stores and restaurants.
While there is 19 Neither agree and 2 dis agree.
Reduce transportation time
and costs.
96
100
80
60
40
23
10
20
0
0
0
0
strongly
agree
agree
neither dis agree strongly Neither
agree
dis agree dis agree
Figure 22. Reduce transportation time and costs.
96 persons agreed and 23 Strongly agreed they believe that having a new road can reduce
transportation time and cost. While 10 persons answered Neither agree they didn’t.
3
Increase value of land
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
61
43
21
4
strongly
agree
agree
neither
agree
0
0
dis agree strongly Neither
dis agree dis agree
Figure 23. Increase value of land.
The data shows, out of 129 respondents 61 answered strongly agree and 43 agree. They
believe that having a new road can increase the value of land. While 21 respondents
answered Neither agree and 4 dis agree.
List 3 ways the road benefits you directly
In this section the respondent answer what are the benefits they will get to the extension
road. The respondents have almost the same answer where they respond that having a
extension road they will have fast transportation followed by having proper road and last
it will save time.
List how the road project directly affected you negatively, if any?
Because of on going construction of extension road the vehicles carry the land particles
so that the surroundings got dustier.
Others: They using the road to transport the illegal logs.
3
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
SUMMARY
Forest roads are among the most popular recreational features in a forest.
They can serve a variety of purposes, such as providing travelling challenges, facilitating
site seeing, and providing an opportunity to observe wildlife or other aesthetically
pleasing stunning views. Roads can also help you get to your favorite hunting or camping
spots. But on the other hand, other people don’t see the impacts of it in their environment
especially for the forest. As stated by Forman and Alexander, 1998, Spellerberg and
Morrison, 1998, Forman et al., 2003, Coffin, 2007, “roads can have many ecological
impacts, affecting air quality, soil, vegetation, wildlife and humans near them.
The construction of the Arayat-to-Magalang road is 15 kilometers and will take
until the end of the quarter of the year. It says that as soon as it is open, almost 100,000
motorcycle riders and commuters will benefit from it, according to Congressman Dong
Gonzales.
This study was conducted to assess the acceptability of project arayat to magalang bypass
road to the San. Juan bano purok 1 and 6 and Lacquious purok 1 and 2 to determine the
effects of constructing a road in Mt. Arayat to Magalang in the environment and forest
trees. A survey questionnaire a develop to determine the acceptability of project arayat to
magalang bypass road. Meanwhile, 129 out of 742 were interviewed in this study. As for
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the demographic profile of the respondents from Purok 1 & 6 of San.Juan Bano and
Lacquios Purok 1 & 2 that has conducted, 57.71% were male while only 47.29% were
female, indicating that most of the respondents are male.
CONCLUSION
Based on the finding of the study,it can concluded by:
Majority of the respondents were male, high school graduates that earning of minimum of
10,000 to maximum of 30,000. Majority of the respondents are im favor to the road
extension and the one who benefits most are the land owner. Meanwhile, respondents
responds that they're not affected by the road extension but they agree that it can cause
deforestion, disturbance of wildlife, increase forest enroachment, increase poaching of
wildlife, could increase flooding, increase heat on the microclimate, increase solid waste
accumulation, increase air pollution, could cause water pollution on nearby boyd of
waters and they also agreed that this would contribute to the social and ecological
condition of San.Juan Bano purok 1 & 6 and Lacquios purok 1 & 2, it can increase
visitors and improve ecotourism, general income related to transportation, increase
enterprises such as store and restaurants along the road,reduce transportation time and
costs and increase value of land.
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RECOMMENDATION
1. The researcher recommends to increase the respondents to be more accurately
2. The researcher suggest to improve the research after road extension finish.
3. The researcher recommend to have different age respondent.