N P D I R E T
S M T R L A E I A
PRINTED
MATERIALS
G A R I P C H
GRAPHIC
O N N
P J RC T DOE E
Y L P D S I A
NON-PROJECTED
DISPLAY
D OOE T D RP J
Y L P D S I A
PROJECTE
D
DISPLAY
I
A
D
AUDIO
O
U
KINDS OF
INSTRUCTIONAL
MATERIALS
PRINTED AND
DUPLICATED
MATERIALS
AUDIO
AIDS
VISUAL
AIDS
KINDS OF
INSTRUCTIONAL
MATERIALS
EXHIBITS
OBJECTS
AUDIO-VISUAL
AIDS
KINDS OF
INSTRUCTIONAL
MATERIALS
DEMONSTRATION
S
COMMUNITY
RESOURCES
I. PRINTED AND DUPLICATED MATERIALS
All textual and handout
materials to be used by the
students or trainees which
can be run off in large
numbers
by
printing
machines, photocopiers, and
duplicators
Textbooks
• a
systematic
arrangement of subject
matter designed to assist
the
teacher
in
a
particular content to
students at a specific
grade level
Supplementary Materials
• best sources of idea and information,
particularly on current topics, otherwise not
available from textbooks
• Use to augment ideas given by the teacher
Supplementary Materials include
the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Workbooks
Duplicated outlines
Teacher-prepared study guides
Reference book
Pamphlets
Magazine articles
newspapers
II. AUDIO AIDS
• All the various systems whereby straight
forward audio material can be played to a
class, group or individual
Audio Aids include the following:
1. Cassette
2. Radio
3. Tape recorder
III. VISUAL AIDS
•
•
help teachers establish, explain, connect, and associate
ideas and concepts to make the process of learning more
interesting, enjoyable, and effective
devices that help the teacher to clarify, establish, and
correlate and co-ordinate precise conceptions,
understandings and appreciations and support him to
make learning more actual, active, motivating,
encouraging, significant (Shabiralyani, Ghulam et. Al.,
2015)
A. Chalk board
• most versatile medium for instruction
since it is always available
• very useful in presenting variety of
instructional materials and important
medium for demonstration
B. Still Pictures
• Help illustrate and teach specific lesson or
topics
• Help learners recall information and
visually explained information that would
be difficult to convey using only verbal or
written terms
• Can be Non-projected or Projected
a. Non-projected
• All visual displays that can be shown to
the class, small group, or individual
student without the use of an optical or
any electronic projector.
1.Photographs
• pictures which
are produced by
a camera
• Can appear in
full color or black
and white
2. Illustrations
• a visualization that
is made by an artist
to
explain
information
• visually
represent
facts and details
b. Projected
• media formats in which visual and verbal
images are projected or enlarged on a
screen by passing through a transparent
material or through opaque material
b. Projected
• Motion pictures, filmstrips, slides of
various sizes, transparencies for overhead
projection, and specialized equipment
such as rear screen projection or an
opaque projector.
b. Projected
a. Slides
• small
transparent
photographs individually
mounted in a slide
projector for one-at-a-time
projection
b. Projected
b. Filmstrips
• contains series of related
still pictures placed in
sequential order
• Individual picture is called
frame
b. Projected
c. Opaque projections
• Uses
nontransparent
material
• Used with OHP
b. Projected
d. Overhead Projection
• Done using an overhead
projector and overhead
transparencies
b. Projected
e. LCD Projections
• type of projector based on
liquid crystal displays
which can display images,
data or video
C. Graphic Materials
• From the Greek word, “graphein” which means to
write, to draw, or to represent by lines
• Present summarized information
drawings words, pictures, and symbols
through
a. CHARTS
Present relationship such as chronologies,
quantities and hierarchies
Present a combination of pictorial, graphic,
numeral or verbal material
Plot specific information
Present information in tabular or graphic format
Types of Charts
• Flow charts
• Classification Charts
• Tabular Charts
• Organizational Charts
• Tree charts
• Timeline Charts
b. GRAPHS
Represent numerical data
Illustrate relationship among units of
data
Could be produced from tabular
charts
Types of Graphs
• Line Graph
• Bar Graph
• Circle or Pie Graph
• Picture Graphs or Pictographs
c. DIAGRAMS
Consist of lines and symbols that show
relationships or key features of a process, an
object or an area
Different from charts because it explains how
something works
Clarify relationship between the parts of a
whole
Types of DIAGRAMS
• Venn Diagram
• Cycle Diagram
• Radial diagram
• Pyramid diagram
• Target diagram
d. Maps and globes
Map: represent a portion of the
earth’s surface
Spherical model of the earth; 3D
e. Posters
Combines images, color, lines and
words
Catch viewer’s attention to brief,
persuasive message
Should be simple, attractive and
convey message quickly
D. EXHIBITS
• Displays of various objects designed to form an
integrated whole for instructional purposes
• Feature various forms of visual media, models, and real
objects
E. OBJECTS
• Includes:
1. specimens
2. realia
3. models
IV. AUDIO-VISUAL AID
• uses audio and visual as a mode of learning. The literal
meaning of audio is hearing and visual means that is
seen by eyes
• Includes:
1. Motion pictures
2. television
3. videotape
V. DEMONSTRATIONS
• a process that teaches learners how to complete a task
using actual materials
• The audience level and size can impact the
effectiveness of the demonstration (Smith, Wenderoth,
& Tyler 2013).
• assist in teaching a skill with multiple steps
• They engage the audience and encourage audience
participation
VI. COMMUNITY RESOURCES
1. Field Trips
2. Resource Person
VII. Others
1. Laboratories
2. Programmed Instruction
“The
appropriateness
of
instructional materials must be
judged from the perspective of
the student/learner rather than
the teacher.”
“All instructional materials
are aids to instruction.
They do not replace the
teacher.”
Reference:
https://prezi.com/mwyhq9j9vzbe/types-of-instructionalmaterials/?fbclid=IwAR3LKnkxqeRzkfE4c3F8B4z5zf_oahsiJuXpXsb7QPUf6PzT8kFHynbt8k