Intermediate to Advanced English
Grammar Questions for TOEFL and
IELTS Aspirants
Study with 600+ Advanced level English grammar
questions and answers for your Exam Success
Emmanuel Training
Amazon Edition
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Table of Content
Chapter 1 Introduction:
1.1 What to learn?
1.2 Who should read this book?
1.3 Domains Covered
Chapter 2: Practice Test 1:
TENSES / MODAL VERBS
Chapter 3: Practice Test 2:
PASSIVES & CAUSATIVES / GERUNDS & INFINITIVES
Chapter 4: Practice Test 3:
ADJECTIVES & ADVERBS / IF & WISH CLAUSES
(CONDITIONALS)
Chapter 5: Practice Test 4:
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES / NOUN CLAUSES
Chapter 6: Practice Test 5:
LINKERS (ADVERBIAL CLAUSES / CONJUNCTIONS)
Chapter 1 Introduction:
This book offers approx 600+ intermediate to advanced level English
grammar questions within 5 Practice Tests that cover all major grammar
topics and concepts and test you for the same, all prepared by professional
exam developers and item writers. Also, all the questions have academic
vocabulary items that you will need in your language exams.
You will be able to be the followings after completing the Practice Tests::
● Identify English language constituents (simple to complex) relative to
phonology, morphology, syntax and discourse.
● Explain what “grammaticality” is.
● Research and synthesise information about English grammar, from text
analyses and course content, and concerning implications of such for
English teaching.
● Define and utilise the full range of English grammar “meta-language”
terms.
● Evaluate how various grammar concepts reflect in various conversions
in everyday life.
1.1 What to learn?
The questions in this book help the candidates to focus on all the key
grammar points needed in any international language exam. You can now
solve approx 600+ multiple choice English grammar questions from
intermediate to advanced level. It also will help you to become familiar with
all academic vocabulary needed in any international language exam.
Progress step by step from easy to more difficult questions. You, the learner,
only need to be at least Intermediate Level to excel your knowledge from this
book..
1.2 Who should read this book?
Any individual who is a Learner and who is preparing for international
language exams like TOEFL, IELTS, the PTE, or the TOEIC will have a
chance to review their grammar level. Learners who will take a language
exam in their country or abroad will benefit highly from this course. They
will revise key grammar points and practise key vocabulary items.
1.3 Domains Covered
Below are the most common topics / concepts covered in English Grammar
that are tested in all International Language Exams. They are:
1. TENSES / MODAL VERBS
2. PASSIVES & CAUSATIVES / GERUNDS & INFINITIVES
3. ADJECTIVES & ADVERBS / IF & WISH CLAUSES
(CONDITIONALS)
4. ADJECTIVE CLAUSES / NOUN CLAUSES
5. LINKERS (ADVERBIAL CLAUSES / CONJUNCTIONS)
Chapter 2: Practice Test 1:
TENSES / MODAL VERBS
129 questions
|
2 hours
Question 1:
The students _______________ the formula because they looked very
confused.
A. would rather not have understood
B. might not be understanding
C. needn’t have understood
D. must not have understood
E. are not likely to understand
Answer: D.
Question 2:
By the end of the year, Michael and his family _______________ their
dream house for five years, and they _______________to finish it soon.
A. were building / had hoped
B. had been building /will hope
C. will have built / hoped
D. will have been building / hope
E. are building / were hoping
Answer: D.
Question 3:
Even though most people typically _______________ this on a regular
basis, it _______________ a great idea to check your website’s content
every now and then.
A. has not done / will be
B. did not do / had been
C. are not doing / has been
D. were not doing / will have been
E. do not do / is
Answer: E.
Question 4:
As soon as the technology _______________ more advanced, the people
who can do only routine work _______________ unemployed.
A. got / become
B. Is getting / would become
C. has got / became
D. will get / have become
E. gets / will become
Answer: E.
Question 5:
According to latest research, available farming land _______________
steadily since 1960 and _______________ by half over the next 50 years.
A. had decreased / is declining
B. decreased / will be declining
C. has decreased / will decline
D. Is decreasing / has declined
E. has been decreasing / declined
Answer: C.
Question 6:
The company _______________ that they _______________ the market
leader for at least the next five years thanks to their innovative product.
A. predicts / will be
B. had predicted / are going to be
C. has predicted / were
D. was predicting / are
E. is predicting / were going to be
Answer: A.
Question 7:
By 9 o’clock, Tim _______________ playing video games for seven hours
straight, so you _______________ to warn him seriously.
A. is going to play / needed
B. will have been playing /need
C. had been playing / will need
D. will be playing / have needed
E. was going to play / had needed
Answer: B.
Question 8:
Farmers _______________ most fruit and vegetables by hand 50 years
ago, whereas they _______________ various machines for this purpose
now.
A. had picked / used
B. have picked / will use
C. had been picking / have used
D. picked/use
E. were picking / have been using
Answer: D.
Question 9:
Language books _______________ you have the pronunciation skills that
you _______________ in a foreign country.
A. will not give / needed
B. are not giving / will need
C. do not give / are going to need
D. did not give! have needed
E. have not given / were needing
Answer: C.
Question 10:
Christopher Columbus _______________ in the exploration itself, not the
gold or the title that he _______________.
A. has been interested / has been getting
B. was interested / was going to get
C. was going to be interested / got
D. would be interested/would get
E. had been interested / will get
Answer: B.
Question 11:
The next time her fans _______________ her, Mrs. Sacha
_______________ birth to her first baby girl.
A. will see / has given
B. saw / had given
C. had seen / gives
D. see/will have given
E. will have seen / gave
Answer: D.
Question 12:
We _______________ to spend so much time resting since nature and the
mountains _______________ us.
A. have not wanted / called
B. did not want / were calling
C. do not want / have called
D. will not want / would call
E. had not wanted / are calling
Answer: B.
Question 13:
Although acid rain _______________ significant damage to farms,
forests, and buildings, the government _______________ much to reduce
the damage in the last few years.
A. will cause / has not been doing
B. had caused / is not doing
C. causes / has not done
D. is causing /will not do
E. has caused / will not be doing
Answer: C.
Question 14:
Coffee drinking _______________ popular very fast in the Ottoman
Empire, and by the time of Murat III, more than 600 coffee houses
_______________ in Istanbul alone.
A. became / had opened
B. becomes / opened
C. had become / would have opened
D. has become / has opened
E. was it coming? will have opened
Answer: A.
Question 15:
Archeologists found out that the Egyptians _______________ durable
material while they _______________ the boat.
A. did not use / had constructed
B. had not been using / would construct
C. do not use / are constructing
D. have not used / construct
E. had not used / were constructing
Answer: E.
Question 16:
Some Chinese families always _______________ much more money than
the national average, which _______________ it easier for them to break
the one-child government policy.
A. are earning / had made
B. have earned / is making
C. had been earning / will make
D. earned / made
E. earn /will have made
Answer: D.
Question 17:
The success story of Beetles cars _______________ in 1947, and by 1972,
the total number of Beetles cars in the market _______________ 15
million.
was starting / is going to reach
had started / had been reaching
would start / reach
started / had reached
was going to start / was reaching
was starting I is going to reach
had started I had been reaching
would start I reach
started I had reached
was going to start / was reaching
Answer: C.
Question 18:
The Chinese _______________The Great Wall of China between the 5th
century BC and the 16th century AD, and it _______________ strong for
over 2,000 years.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
built / has been standing
are building /was going to stand
had built / has stood
build I is standing
had been building / will stand
Answer: A.
Question 19:
There _______________ more changes in the next 15 years, and by 2050
new technology _______________ communications in unpredictable
ways.
A. are / has been transforming
B. will be / will have transformed
C. are going to be / had transformed
D. would be / is going to transform
E. have been /transformed
Answer: B.
Question 20:
Recently, doctors _______________ that deaf babies _______________ to
imitate sounds with their hands.
A. will find out / have learnt
B. found out / are learning
C. find out / have been learning
D. had found out / learnt
E. have found out / learn
Answer: E.
Question 21:
By the time scientists _______________ a permanent cure for cancer,
governments _______________ billions of dollars on its research.
A. found / will be spending
B. has found / spend
C. find / will have spent
D. will find / are spending
E. had found / had spent
Answer: C.
Question 22:
The Suierveld family _______________ to find their dog Abby, who
_______________ for nearly 10 years, in front of their house last week.
A. has been pleased / is missing
B. would be pleased / has been missing
C. will be pleased / was missing
D. is pleased / will be missing
E. was pleased / had been missing
Answer: E.
Question 23:
When you _______________ equal number of boys and girls in a
kindergarten class, they _______________ from each other by their
gender before long.
A. have put / are going to separate
B. are putting / have separated
C. will put / are separating
D. put / will separate
E. have been putting I separated
Answer: D.
Question 24:
For several years, Dylan _______________ lottery tickets, dreaming that
one day he _______________ big.
A. will buy/won
B. had been buying / would win
C. buys I has won
D. bought I will win
E. will have bought / was winning
Answer: B.
Question 25:
The guests in the next room _______________music so loudly; therefore,
we _______________ a complaint to the hotel management the next day.
A. are practising / would make
B. were practising / made
C. have practised / will be making
D. practice / had made
E. practised / were going to make
Answer: B.
Question 26:
Because colour therapy _______________ popular in recent years in
treating depression, researchers _______________ its possible uses in
other illnesses as well.
A. will become / study
B. has become / are studying
C. became / will study
D. will have become / would study
E. is becoming / studied
Answer: B.
Question 27:
Anita Desai is the first writer who _______________ the existential
problems of women, which _______________ the novelist stands apart
from her contemporaries.
A. has strongly expressed IN males
B. strongly expresses / would make
C. will strongly express I is making
D. is strongly expressing I has been making
E. strongly expressed I has made
Answer: A.
Question 28:
One of the most remarkable scientific accomplishments of the last 100
years _______________ the splitting of the atom, and life
_______________ completely since then.
A. is / will change
B. had been/changed
C. will be / changes
D. has been / has changed
E. would be / is going to change
Answer: D.
Question 29:
At the same time when Genetically Modified Foods (GMFs)
_______________ new diseases, scientists _______________ solutions to
the ones created before.
A. caused / will seek
B. have been causing / sought
C. have caused / will be seeking
D. cause / would seek
E. are causing / are seeking
Answer: E.
Question 30:
The last time Turkey _______________ a serious economic crisis, in
November 2000, it _______________ major changes in political agenda.
A. had faced / has been causing
B. faces/will cause
C. faced / caused
D. would face / had caused
E. was facing / causes
Answer: C.
Question 31:
The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) _______________ communities how to
protect wildlife in and outside of parks, which _______________ a more
effective environmental protection in the long run.
A. teaches / had provided
B. has taught / was going to provide
C. is teaching / will provide
D. will teach / provided
E. will have been teaching / provides
Answer: C.
Question 32:
The Great Storm of 1987 _______________ massive death and
destruction across southern England, but fortunately there
_______________ significant improvements in weather forecasting since
then.
A. caused / have been
B. had caused / were
C. causes / will be
D. is causing / were going to be
E. had been causing it! would be
Answer: A.
Question 33:
American universities _______________ more and more expensive each
year, which means that public admiration for the schools
_______________ gradually.
A. got / decreases
B. had got / will have decreased
C. get/would decrease
D. are getting / is decreasing
E. will get / was decreasing
Answer: D.
Question 34:
Americans _______________ more rubbish today because they
_______________ that they produce more waste than most other
countries.
A. will now recycle / are going to understand
B. now recycled / had understood
C. are now recycling / will understand
D. have now recycled / understand
E. now recycle / have understood
Answer: E.
Question 35:
During the next decade, our country’s working-age population, which
until now _______________ slowly, _______________ by about 0.5% a
year.
A. has risen / decreased
B. rose / will have been decreasing
C. has been rising / will decrease
D. had risen / is going to decrease
E. is rising / would have decreased
Answer: C.
Question 36:
Every time you _______________ at someone, you _______________
them a warm message of love.
A. smile / are giving
B. were smiling / have given
C. have smiled / gave
D. are smiling / will have given
E. will smile / have been giving
Answer: A.
Question 37:
Cameron: _______________ I help you with those boxes?
Barry: No, thanks. They are not as heavy as they look.
A. Should
B. Might
C. Shall
D. Will
E. Do
Answer: C.
Question 38:
“You _______________ where you are now, and we _______________ a
policeman to arrest you!”
A. can stop / have to find
B. should stop / can find
C. will stop / could find
D. have to stop / shall find
E. are likely to stop / might find
Answer: D.
Question 39:
Colour therapy _______________ good health and healing, and it
_______________ exposure to colored lights and eating colored foods.
A. promotes I may involve
B. will promote / had better involve
C. could promote / used to involve
D. has to promote / is able to involve
E. has promoted / would involve
Answer: A.
Question 40:
In winter, Wyoming _______________ very cold and snowy, so anyone
planning a trip then _______________ heavy, thick clothes with them.
A. is / ought to take
B. has been / can take
C. must be/hastotake
D. might be / will take
E. used to be I is able to take
Answer: A.
Question 41:
Governments _______________ the demands of different interest groups
that _______________ for scarce resources.
A. might meet / should compete
B. can meet? would compete
C. shall meet / need to compete
D. would prefer to meet/will compete
E. must meet / are competing
Answer: E.
Question 42:
Doctors believe that twenty minutes’ exercise three times a week
_______________ enough, so one _______________ much to gain visible
health benefits.
A. has to be I must not exercise
B. might be / cannot exercise
C. is / does not have to exercise
D. is to be / would not like to exercise
E. must be I is not able to exercise
Answer: C.
Question 43:
Aaron: Sir, _______________ I leave a little earlier today?
Terry: Sure, but everything is OK with you, right?
A. will
B. may
C. would
D. should
E. must
Answer: B.
Question 44:
In addition to physical problems, boredom and loneliness
_______________ the astronauts during their regular flights to space.
A. ought to affect
B. need to affect
C. might affect
D. used to affect
E. are supposed to affect
Answer: C.
Question 45:
Mike: I am short of money these days.
Lily: You _______________ a few bucks from me if that will be enough.
A. should borrow
B. borrow
C. will borrow
D. had better borrow
E. can borrow
Answer: E.
Question 46:
The mini-submarines of the past _______________underground for only
three hours, and they _______________ room for one person only.
A. had to stay / have
B. might stay / can have
C. got used to staying / will have
D. could stay / had
E. stayed / had better have
Answer: D.
Question 47:
Young boys believe that boxing _______________ a path to fame and
wealth, but only a few _______________ it to the top.
A. will be /should make
B. might be / can make
C. is bound to be / would like to make
D. must be / might make
E. needs to be / will have to make
Answer: B.
Question 48:
The bus _______________ at 10, but it arrived at 10.25, so we
_______________ a warm place to avoid the cold weather.
A. could arrive I were expected to find
B. should arrive I could find
C. was likely to arrive I might find
D. used to arrive I had better find
E. was supposed to arrive I had to find
Answer: E.
Question 49:
In primitive Hindu societies, a man _______________ the woman that he
wishes to because he _______________ the bride by paying some money
to her family.
A. cannot marry / has to purchase
B. does not have to marry / can purchase
C. is not used to marrying / purchased
D. had better not marry / should purchase
E. is not likely to marry / would prefer to purchase
Answer: A.
Question 50:
Under harsh winter conditions, the emperor penguins _______________
on each other to keep warm, or else they _______________ frozen to
death on their own.
A. would depend / can end up
B. had depended/couldendup
C. could depend / ended up
D. must depend / might end up
E. depend / will have to end up
Answer: D.
Question 51:
Deserts _______________ very little rain all four seasons; that’s why
only a few types of plants _______________ there.
A. have received / are supposed to grow
B. might receive / have to grow
C. receive / can grow
D. could receive / would rather grow
E. will receive / had to grow
Answer: C.
Question 52:
Experts suggest that parents _______________ the amount of reading
time to their children as they _______________ how to read for
themselves.
A. should decrease / learn
B. will decrease / could learn
C. need to decrease / used to learn
D. might decrease / can learn
E. are bound to decrease / had better learn
Answer: A.
Question 53:
When people _______________ in very tall buildings, they
_______________isolated from real life.
A. are living / have felt
B. were living / will feel
C. have lived / have been feeling
D. live/feel
E. lived /will have felt
Answer: D.
Question 54:
While they _______________ food, people _______________ on a cushion
at a low table in traditional Japanese homes.
A. eat / will sit
B. are eating/sit
C. were eating / had sat
D. ate / have sat
E. have been eating / are sitting
Answer: B.
Question 55:
After my family _______________ in Spain for 15 years, they
_______________ return to Greece two years ago.
A. lives I decide
B. lived / decided
C. were living I had been deciding
D. have lived I are deciding
E. lived I had decided
Answer: B.
Question 56:
As soon as I _______________ into my hotel room, a very polite bellboy
_______________ to take my luggage.
A. will check/will come
B. have checked / had come
C. check / is coming
D. had checked / would come
E. checked / came
Answer: E.
Question 57:
As the students _______________ university, volunteering
_______________ a big difference in their lives.
A. start I makes
B. will start / is making
C. started / will have made
D. have been starting / had made
E. are starting / has made
Answer: A.
Question 58:
The strike _______________ until the employers _______________ the
conditions of the Workers’ Union.
A. continues / were accepting
B. will continue / are accepting
C. is going to continue I accept
D. has continued I accepted
E. had continued I had accepted
Answer: C.
Question 59:
Many people nowadays _______________ its effects on the environment
before they _______________ a certain product.
A. have considered / were buying
B. considered / will buy
C. are considering / bought
D. consider / buy
E. will consider / have been buying
Answer: D.
Question 60:
Scientists _______________ sleep cycle for many years, and they believe
that it _______________ of five stages.
A. had been studying / was going to consist
B. studied / consisted
C. have studied / will consist
D. had studied /would consist
E. have been studying / consists
Answer: E.
Question 61:
Some experts _______________ that more than 70 million Americans
_______________ from home in 2040.
A. had believed I worked
B. believe I will be working
C. have believed I are going to work
D. are believing I will have worked
E. believed I worked
Answer: B.
Question 62:
After you _______________ some time with the patients, you
_______________ with them and their families.
A. have spent I will empathise
B. will spend I are going to empathise
C. spend I empathised
D. are spending I will be empathising
E. spent / empathise
Answer: A.
Question 63:
When first human beings _______________ into the New World, they
_______________ large mammoths before.
A. step / will never hunt
B. had stepped / were never hunting
C. were stepping / have never hunted
D. would step / had never been hunting
E. stepped / had never hunted
Answer: E.
Question 64:
Once you _______________ fruit and vegetables off their trees, you
_______________ to store them in a cool place.
A. have taken / needed
B. had taken / will have needed
C. take/need
D. took / will need
E. will take / have needed
Answer: C.
Question 65:
Many students feel that once they _______________ their school or
university, they _______________ a book again.
A. finish / will never read
B. finished / had never read
C. will have finished / never read
D. have finished / were never reading
E. will finish / have never read
Answer: A.
Question 66:
Most of us _______________ _ an extra five minutes of sleep after our
alarms _______________ early in the morning.
A. have desired / went off
B. have been desiring / will go off
C. are desiring / have gone off
D. desired! had gone off
E. desire / go off
Answer: E.
Question 67:
As soon as the war _______________, Japan _______________ working
hard to recover from the damage.
A. ends / has started
B. ended / started
C. has ended / was starting
D. was ending I had started
E. will end I starts
Answer: B.
Question 68:
When light _______________ from one transparent medium to another,
it _______________ speed and direction in a process called refraction.
A. is passing / is changing
B. passed / has changed
C. passes / changes
D. had passed I would change
E. has been passing I will change
Answer: C.
Question 69:
There _______________ no classes on Monday at 10 AM since Michael
Hay _______________ a talk on Media Literacy then.
A. have been / gave
B.
C.
D.
E.
were / has given
will be / will be giving
will have been / is giving
are/will have given
Answer: C.
Question 70:
Of all the sports, it _______________ golf that _______________ the
attention of the European populations most.
A. would be / will traditionally attract
B. has been / had traditionally attracted
C. will be / traditionally attracted
D. is / has traditionally attracted
E. had been / will have traditionally attracted
Answer: D.
Question 71:
When the new students _______________ _ at school, the teachers
understood that they _______________ very successful.
A. were first arriving / had been
B. had first arrived / were
C. have first arrived / would be
D. will first arrive! are going to be
E. first arrived / were going to be
Answer: E.
Question 72:
By the time we _______________ what it is happening to the climate, it
_______________ too late to save our planet.
A. will understand I will be
B. have understood I was
C. understand I will have been
D. understood I has been
E. had understood I is
Answer: C.
Question 73:
Within 50 years, everyone _______________ Alternative Fuel Vehicles
(AFVs), and there _______________ no other type of vehicle on the
market.
A. will have used / is
B. have used / has been
C. are using / will have been
D. will be using / will be
E. used / had been
Answer: D.
Question 74:
Mr. Crawford _______________ as our Mayor for 15 years by March
next year, when he _______________ 65.
A. will have been serving /turns
B. has served / was
C. would serve /turned
D. is going to serve / will turn
E. will be serving / has turned
Answer: A.
Question 75:
It _______________ quite possible that, by the end of next week, the
senators _______________ at least five important laws on international
trade.
A. seemed I had passed
B. seems I will have passed
C. will seem I pass
D. has seemed I are passing
E. would seem I had been passing
Answer: B.
Question 76:
Before the first European settlers _______________ in Australia in the
18th century, native Aborigines _______________ there for over 40.000
years.
A. has arrived / had lived
B. were arriving / would live
C. arrived / had been living
D. arrive /will have lived
E. had arrived / were living
Answer: C.
Question 77:
A recent study _______________ that the oceans _______________ a
smaller proportion of fossil-fuel emissions, nearly 10 percent less, since
2018.
A. will suggest / have been absorbing
B. suggested /absorb
C. has suggested / are absorbing
D. suggests / have absorbed
E. would suggest / are going to absorb
Answer: D.
Question 78:
Over the last few years, as drone technology _______________, the
ability for drone maps to be highly accurate _______________
complicated, too.
A. has improved / has become
B. improves! will have become
C. has been improving / became
D. improved / will become
E. is going to improve / becomes
Answer: A.
Question 79:
Once the administrator _______________ to you to confirm your ID, the
bank officials _______________ your online user account within two
hours.
A. spoke / had activated
B. has spoken / would activate
C. will speak / activate
D. is speaking / activated
E. speaks / will activate
Answer: E.
Question 80:
The failure of their business _______________ _ a surprise after all
because they _______________ the necessary corrections along the way.
A. will not be / would not make
B. is not / were not going to make
C. had not been / we're not making
D. was not / had not made
E. has not been / would not make
Answer: D.
Question 81:
In many places, wolves _______________ restore ecosystems since 2002,
when the authorities _______________ them to the American West.
A. help / are going to reintroduce
B. have helped / reintroduced
C. have been helping / reintroduce
D. will help / have reintroduced
E. helped / were reintroducing
Answer: B.
Question 82:
The consequences of trying to change your position when the parachute
is open _______________ fatal.
A. should be
B. has to be
C. is supposed to be
D. used to be
E. could be
Answer: E.
Question 83:
If a person has regular income and _______________ a certain amount
of money each month, he _______________ a savings account.
A. is able to save / should open
B. should save / had to open
C. would save / might have to open
D. needs to save / will open
E. would like to save / is opening
Answer: A.
Question 84:
I don’t think my cat _______________ with all that fresh air and exercise
in the countryside; he _______________ by the fireplace all day.
A. can live I should sleep
B. would like to live I would rather sleep
C. is likely to live I can sleep
D. lives I must sleep
E. ought to live I would prefer to sleep
Answer: B.
Question 85:
If you _______________ photos of wild animals, you _______________
your ticket soon for Wild Africa. We are expecting a high volume of
applications this year.
A. can take / must book
B. take/will book
C. have to take / are used to booking
D. would like to take / had better book
E. might take/can book
Answer: D.
Question 86:
Since I _______________ the air conditioner in my room myself, I
_______________ for help from one of the staff members.
A. did not fix / could ask
B. did not have to fix / might ask
C. was not likely to fix / would ask
D. could not fix / had to ask
E. might not fix / was able to ask
Answer: D.
Question 87:
Political leaders from Russia and Eastern Europe _______________ the
money from the IMF for their country, but most of the money
_______________ up in Swiss bank accounts of top officials.
A. would prefer to spend /should end up
B. were supposed to spend I ended up
C. could spend / has to end up
D. were able to spend I will end up
E. were likely to spend / would end up
Answer: B.
Question 88:
Oswald: _______________ I have a short talk with you, please?
Gary: Sure, what’s the matter?
A. Will
B. Could
C. Should
D. Would
E. Shall
Answer: B.
Question 89:
We _______________ this area better, and the fish here
_______________ older and bigger in this way.
A. need to protect / will be able to grow
B. protected / had better grow
C. will protect / need to grow
D. can protect / are growing
E. must protect / will get used to growing
Answer: A.
Question 90:
In ancient Greece, Olympic winners were given special privileges; for
instance, they _______________ taxes for all their lives.
A. could not pay
B. must not pay
C. ought not to pay
D. were not used to paying
E. did not have to pay
Answer: E.
Question 91:
In ancient times, trading _______________ the main source of ideas and
information from foreign countries.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
had to be
could be
would be
should be
used to be
Answer: E.
Question 92:
Sally: This is the end of my presentation on recent sales figures.
Beatrice: You _______________ the room, then. Thank you.
A. ought to leave
B. had better leave
C. may leave
D. would prefer to leave
E. had to leave
Answer: C.
Question 93:
Neil: _______________ you please call the doctor for me?
Danny: I am a doctor. What’s the matter?
A. May
B. Would
C. Do
D. Should
E. Shall
Answer: B.
Question 94:
Journalists and the media _______________ the facts and distort reality
in their news reports.
A. must not change
B. will not change
C. do not have to change
D. are not likely to change
E. might not change
Answer: A.
Question 95:
Modern-day people _______________ a button to get what they want
instantly.
A. shall press
B. had better press
C. would rather press
D. are used to pressing
E. will have to press
Answer: D.
Question 96:
Skiing equipment is quite expensive, so most people _______________
them, rather than buying them.
A. might rent
B. used to rent
C. would prefer to rent
D. should rent
E. are used to renting
Answer: C.
Question 97:
It was really difficult for a long time, and I _______________ with
chopsticks in Japan only after my second year there.
A. might eat
B. needed to eat
C. got used to eating
D. had to eat
E. was supposed to eat
Answer: C.
Question 98:
Though their number _______________, the lovers of base-jumping still
believe that there _______________ more participants of it.
A. might constantly grow/ had better be
B. has constantly grown / would be
C. will constantly grow / were
D. is constantly growing / could be
E. should constantly grow / has been
Answer: D.
Question 99:
Thanks to in-vitro fertilization, Janet _______________ the risk of
Alzheimer's disease passing on to her child.
A. was able to avoid
B. is supposed to avoid
C. has to avoid
D. would prefer to avoid
E. should have avoided
Answer: A.
Question 100:
When I was 15, I _______________ my motorcycle around my native
city, Cordoba, hiding it from my parents.
A. could ride
B. should ride
C. would ride
D. was used to riding
E. should have ridden
Answer: C.
Question 101:
Prisons _______________ the wrong attitudes of people, not just punish
them for their actions.
A. would rather be modifying
B. are supposed to modify
C. are able to modify
D. could be modifying
E. are likely to modify
Answer: B.
Question 102:
In the first year of marriage, both partners _______________ to accept
the annoying little habits that both of them _______________.
A. have to learn / are bound to have
B. can learn / have to have
C. might have learnt / need to have
D. get used to learning / would have
E. had learnt / should have
Answer: A.
Question 103:
British school-children _______________ their lunch from home because
schools _______________- the necessary arrangements.
A. must not bring / had to make
B. might not bring /will make
C. could not bring / need to make
D. cannot bring / might make
E. do not have to bring / are expected to make
Answer: E.
Question 104:
European factories _______________ most of the electronic goods and
clothing a short while ago, but China _______________ it all recently.
A. will produce / changes
B. could produce / might be changing
C. used to produce / has changed
D. were able to produce /will change
E. needed to produce / could change
Answer: C.
Question 105:
China’s economic rise _______________- for several more decades;
however, it _______________- how to manage the problems caused by
rapid growth.
A. will continue /can learn
B. ought to continue / was able to learn
C. could have continued / must learn
D. had better continue / would rather learn
E. is likely to continue / needs to learn
Answer: E.
Question 106:
You _______________- with monkeys when you are in Thailand since so
many of them _______________ freely on the streets there.
A. would socialise / were living
B. will get accustomed to socialising / live
C. might be socialising / will live
D. need to socialise / must live
E. will have socialised / could live
Answer: B.
Question 107:
Chloe: _______________- me to the airport early tomorrow morning?
Joseph: Actually, I _______________- in the office by 8 am for a meeting
tomorrow. Sorry.
A. Could you take / might be
B. May Take/can be
C. Are you likely to take / am to be
D. Would you mind taking / need to be
E. Will you take / would rather be
Answer: D.
Question 108:
I _______________- outside enjoying the sun and the beautiful weather
than sitting here listening to your boring stories.
A. can be
B. have to be
C. would rather be
D. must have been
E. am likely to be
Answer: C.
Question 109:
In order to lose weight, you _______________- the amount of junk food
that you consume.
A. are able to limit
B. might be limiting
C. used to limit
D. should have limited
E. are to limit
Answer: E.
Question 110:
Your misbehaving child _______________- your attention, but maybe
you don’t realize it.
A. could actually be seeking
B. should actually seek
C. shall actually seek
D. would actually prefer to seek
E. has to actually seek
Answer: A.
Question 111:
We _______________- about mosquitos during our camping trip there:
They were far from our camping site and insect repellents
_______________- us from them.
A. did not have to worry / were supposed to protect
B. must not be worrying / can protect
C. had better not worry / will have protected
D. did not need to worry / were able to protect
E. should not worry / would protect
Answer: D.
Question 112:
I _______________- my house earlier when the interest rates were lower.
A. might buy
B. would rather have bought
C. had better buy
D. must buy
E. could buy
Answer: B.
Question 113:
Carter: _______________- on the phone here?
Riley: No problem, of course, as long as it is not too loud.
A. Will I talk
B. Would you mind if I talked
C. Am I supposed to talk
D. Would you mind talking
E. Am I likely to talk
Answer: B.
Question 114:
Julian: Hey! Where are the boys?
Victoria: They _______________ to the sports field to practice without
waiting for us.
A. must have gone
B. might go
C. would rather have gone
D. are likely to go
E. are used to going
Answer: A.
Question 115:
You _______________ a large sum of money and property, but your
parents chose to spend all they had.
A. had to inherit
B. might be inheriting
C. could have inherited
D. were able to inherit
E. must have inherited
Answer: C.
Question 116:
These clues _______________ the police detectives, so they need to look
at the case from a whole new perspective.
A. are supposed to mislead
B. might be misleading
C. have to mislead
D. should have misled
E. are supposed to mislead
Answer: B.
Question 117:
If you tell your child to do something and she does not do it, don’t be
mad at her right away because she _______________ your request.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
would rather not be hearing
may not have heard
had better not hear
does not have to hear
needn’t have heard
Answer: B.
Question 118:
A dolphin’s brain is as big as a human’s brain, so it _______________
something useful with it, but we do not know exactly what it is as yet.
A. might have done
B. will be doing
C. had better do
D. should have done
E. must be doing
Answer: E.
Question 119:
I _______________ how I got the first copy of this book; I
_______________ it up at a conference or perhaps I received it through
the mail.
A. do not remember / would rather have picked
B. will not remember / could be picking
C. might not remember / was supposed to pick
D. cannot remember / might have picked
E. have to remember / was able to pick
Answer: D.
Question 120:
She _______________ herself so strongly – everyone knew she was
innocent and honest.
A. must not have defended
B. should not be defending
C. needn’t have defended
D. would rather not be defending
E. might not have defended
Answer: C.
Question 121:
By looking at the traces he left here, we understand that Sean
_______________ the top of the mountain before anyone else.
A. might be reaching
B. would rather have reached
C. had to reach
D. is supposed to reach
E. may have reached
Answer: E.
Question 122:
Aaron set up his company only two months ago, so he _______________
a big profit now.
A. does not have to make
B. would rather not make
C. cannot be making
D. is not used to making
E. could not make
Answer: C.
Question 123:
The builders of Stonehenge _______________ these monuments to
predict lunar eclipses 3.500 years ago, but the archeologists
_______________ a conclusion yet.
A. could have used / have not reached
B. must use / do not reach
C. used /cannot reach
D. might be using / will not reach
E. would use / had not reached
Answer: A.
Question 124:
Although many people think he was poor, Socrates _______________
really poor as he was serving as a hoplite, or a soldier.
A. must not be
B. needn’t have been
C. does not have to be
D. cannot have been
E. is not likely to be
Answer: D.
Question 125:
I _______________ more time with my children when they were still so
young.
A. might have spent
B. should have spent
C. might be spending
D. got used to spending
E. must have spent
Answer: B.
Question 126:
The media _______________ on the corruption scandal and its effects all
throughout last week, but they _______________ football more
interesting.
A. might have concentrated / would find
B. must have concentrated / had found
C. might be concentrating / should find
D. had concentrated / might have found
E. ought to have concentrated / found
Answer: E.
Question 127:
The accident _______________ on a Sunday because I remember I
_______________ from work at that time.
A. could not have happened / was returning
B. might not happen I can return
C. would not happen / should return
D. should not have happened / would return
E. did not happen I must have returned
Answer: A.
Question 128:
I _______________ at the correct place in the document because I
_______________ the example that you told me about.
A. should not look / will not find
B. cannot look / am not supposed to see
C. do not have to look / am not able to see
D. might not look / would not see
E. must not be looking / cannot see
Answer: E.
Question 129:
The students _______________ the formula because they looked very
confused.
A. would rather not have understood
B. might not be understanding
C. needn't have understood
D. must not have understood
E. are not likely to understand
Answer: D.
Chapter 3: Practice Test 2:
PASSIVES & CAUSATIVES / GERUNDS &
INFINITIVES
128 questions
|
2 hours
Question 1:
Instead of seeing marriage as an environment of mutual love and
respect, some men tend to see it as a way of having their clothes
________________ for free.
A. ironing
B. ironed
C. being ironed
D. to iron
E. to be ironed
Answer: B.
Question 2:
A speed reading course involves having readers ________________
words along the page by pointing at them first, and gradually seeing
pages in widescreen in time.
A. to follow
B. following
C. follow
D. to be followed
E. to have followed
Answer: C.
Question 3:
Police and parade horses ________________ in order not to react to
shouts, cheers, drums and bands on public and ceremonial occasions;
which ________________ a great deal of patience.
A. should train I has required
B. must be trained / was required
C. can train I is required
D. are trained I has to require
E. have to be trained / requires
Answer: E.
Question 4:
The immense area is known ________________ a number of scenic
features of first-rate importance, so it is proposed to transfer from the
national forest to the national park.
A. to contain
B. having contained
C. to have been contained
D. to have contained
E. containing
Answer: A.
Question 5:
If your bag is stolen with your keys in it, it might be a very good idea to
get the locks of your house ________________ to avoid any burglary.
A. changing
B. changed
C. to be changed
D. to change
E. having changed
Answer: B.
Question 6:
The commander of the troops thought that a night attack
________________ successful since the north gate of the city
________________ by rebels only, not by armed soldiers, on that night.
A. might be proven I could protect
B. was proven / might be protected
C. would prove I protected
D. proves I is protected
E. could prove I would be protected
Answer: E.
Question 7:
Employees who work from home ________________ out of touch with
the office, and they fear that they ________________ when it comes to
promotions.
A. have felt / shall forget
B. will feel / could have forgotten
C. mightfeel/can forget
D. feel / might be forgotten
E. felt / were forgotten
Answer: D.
Question 8:
In a supermarket, all the items are arranged in a particular manner with
a purpose in mind: to get the consumers ________________ things that
they do not really need.
A. to buy
B. having been bought
C. to have bought
D. to be bought
E. buying
Answer: A.
Question 9:
On every continent, the population and economy ________________ new
demands for more food, energy, and commodities of all kinds; and
worryingly real physical limits to resources ________________.
A. place! could have reached
B. might place /were reached
C. are placing / are being reached
D. should be placed / will reach
E. placed / might be reached
Answer: C.
Question 10:
Corn ________________ at the right temperature; otherwise it
________________ its nutritional value.
A. has to be stored / is lost
B. is stored / will have lost
C. can be stored / is losing
D. has stored / can lose
E. must be stored / might lose
Answer: E.
Question 11:
Gold ________________ in California for the first time in early 1848 by
James Marshall while he and 20 other men ________________ a sawmill
for John Sutter.
A. had been discovered! built
B. might be discovered / had built
C. was discovered / were building
D. has discovered / could build
E. could be discovered / had been building
Answer: C.
Question 12:
Once those eight students ________________ as “high-IQ students,”
their teachers ________________ to consider them to be smarter than
the others.
A. should label / would start
B. were labelled / started
C. can label / will start
D. had been labelled / would have started
E. are labelled / should start
Answer: B.
Question 13:
Buy Nothing Day ________________ every year since 1992 in the U.S
and 15 other countries, and it ________________ into a discussion forum
for consumer issues.
A. was celebrated / is evolving
B. has been celebrated / has evolved
C. celebrates / must evolve
D. is celebrated / will evolve
E. could celebrate / has been evolved
Answer: B.
Question 14:
By the First World War, the relaxing qualities of cigarettes
________________, but its negative effects on health ________________
yet.
A. had been understood / had not been discovered
B. was understood / has not been discovered
C. was understanding / cannot discover
D. had understood / is not discovered
E. could be understood / would not be discovered
Answer: A.
Question 15:
Over the past decade, Aura-Soma therapy ________________ enormous
popularity, and these days Esogetic Colorpuncture Therapy
________________ as a treatment for many health problems.
A. is gaining / is studied
B. has been gaining / will have studied
C. gained / has been studied
D. has gained / is being studied
E. must have gained / can study
Answer: D.
Question 16:
The global middle class is expected ________________ by an incredible
three billion people in just the next fifteen years.
A. to be growing
B. having grown
C. to grow
D. grown
E. being grown
Answer: C.
Question 17:
The Japanese ________________ a tea ceremony called Sado, which
________________ by Zen Buddhism.
A. have / has been strongly influenced
B. can have / is strongly influenced
C. are having / strongly influences
D. must have had / strongly influenced
E. had / will be strongly influenced
Answer: A.
Question 18:
Ever since the first bonobo studies ________________ in Lomako Forest,
the emphasis ________________ on the optimal conditions for turning
this forest into a reserve.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
had been conducted / was placed
conducted / has placed
conducts / is placed
were conducted / has been placed
has conducted / is being placed
Answer: D.
Question 19:
Unfortunately, so far, globalization of economy ________________ to be
as beneficial as it ________________.
A. does not prove / predicts
B. has not been proving / will be predicted
C. is not proving / must be predicted
D. was not proved / would predict
E. has not proved / was predicted
Answer: E.
Question 20:
These days, an increasing number of museums ________________ a
realistic environment, and the visitors ________________ this
environment to feel everything more closely.
A. create / can enter
B. would be created / might enter
C. are creating / will enter
D. are created / shall enter
E. have created / could be entered
Answer: A.
Question 21:
Today, the world ________________ Gandhi as a great leader and
thinker, and people throughout the world ________________ his political
method of non-violent resistance to gain political rights.
A. could be remembered / have still used
B.
C.
D.
E.
is remembering / are still used
will be remembered / still use
remembers / are still using
has remembered / might have still used
Answer: D.
Question 22:
Once, small windmills ________________ everywhere in rural America,
but most ________________ with the emergence of rural electrification
programs in the 1930s.
A. were seen / were abandoned
B. saw / had abandoned
C. had been seen / could abandon
D. were being seen / had been abandoned
E. could be seen / might be abandoned
Answer: A.
Question 23:
Many industries today ________________ corn in developing such
products as glue, shoe polish, and aspirin, and new ways of using it
________________ every day.
A. have been used / are developed
B. are using / have developed
C. might be used / have been developed
D. have been using / are developing
E. use / are being developed
Answer: E.
Question 24:
As very few studies ________________ on the subject, scientists
________________ exactly the differences between Turkish sleep
patterns and those of other nations.
A. were done / had not compared
B.
C.
D.
E.
have been done / cannot compare
are doing / will not be compared
could be done / should not compare
will do / could not compare
Answer: B.
Question 25:
The rainforests around the world ________________ at incredible levels,
yet the governments ________________ slowly to prevent this.
A. are burnt / will be acted
B. burn / should have acted
C. are being burnt / are acting
D. had burnt / must be acting
E. have been burnt / acted
Answer: C.
Question 26:
When your friend ________________ while shoplifting, you will also be
under suspicion, and thus face the same consequences, such as
________________ from the store.
A. is being caught / to be banning
B. is caught! being banned
C. was catching / to have been banned
D. catches / having banned
E. has been caught / banning
Answer: B.
Question 27:
Because so many countries ________________ by migrants and
colonialists on ships back in the day, a higher percentage of the world’s
largest cities ________________ near the sea today.
A. had been settled / should be located
B. seWed / has been ‘located
C. had settled / will locate
D. could be settled / might locate
E. were settled / are located
Answer: E.
Question 28:
The villagers wanted to get rid of the wild boars since they
________________ the grass and pasture that ________________ for
their sheep and cows.
A. were destroying / could be used
B. will be destroyed /are using
C. destroyed / used
D. have been destroying / were being used
E. had destroyed / can be used
Answer: A.
Question 29:
Many regions in the world ________________ by climate-related
flooding during storm surges as stronger hurricanes ________________
energy from warmer seas.
A. are being threatened I had to gain
B. were threatening I are gaining
C. are threatened I gain
D. have been threatened I will have gained
E. threaten / have gained
Answer: C.
Question 30:
To eliminate the health risks of the unexpected disaster, the mayor
________________ the townspeople that many more health personnel
________________ in.
A. has promised / will be called
B. should be promised / has called
C. promised / might call
D. can be promised / are called
E. will promise / call
Answer: A.
Question 31:
We ________________ “normal anxiety” when we ________________ to
external stresses such as losing a job, losing a loved one, or having
problems in marriage.
A. are experiencing / expose
B. are experienced / might be exposed
C. have experienced / are being exposed
D. experience / are exposed
E. must experience / will expose
Answer: D.
Question 32:
Young poets prefer ________________ in literary magazines instead of
publishing their own books since they ________________ a name for
themselves in literary circles this way.
A. being published / will have made
B. publishing / should make
C. to have published / make
D. to be published / can make
E. having published / are made
Answer: D.
Question 33:
Once they ________________ accurately, both apnea and myoclonus
________________ easily at sleep disorder clinics.
A. have been diagnosed / had treated
B. were diagnosed I must be treated
C. are diagnosed / can be treated
D. can be diagnosed / will treat
E. are diagnosing I has been treated
Answer: C.
Question 34:
His life ________________ when Tim, 14, received a letter from his sister
Rachel, who ________________ him through welfare agencies.
A. can shatter / finds
B. was shattered / had found
C. had been shattered / can find
D. will shatter / has been found
E. had to shatter/was found
Answer: B.
Question 35:
Music has been shown ________________ quite effective in increasing
the purchase of such products as sportswear, cosmetics, and jewellery.
A. being
B. to have been
C. to be
D. having been
E. to being
Answer: C.
Question 36:
In recent years, economic theory ________________ into two major
fields: macroeconomics and microeconomics, which ________________
on entire economic systems or an individual company, person, or group
respectively.
A. could separate / are focusing
B. was separated / might focus
C. had been separated / will be focused
D. will separate / has to focus
E. has been separated / focus
Answer: E.
Question 37:
In 1968, Cousteau was asked ________________ a TV series, and this
television series became his most important documentary.
A. to make
B. being made
C. to have made
D. to be making
E. making
Answer: A.
Question 38:
The industrial accident at Bhopal in India in 1984 ________________ the
death of nearly 4,000 people, and it ________________ as the most tragic
accident in the history of modern man.
A. was caused / has still been regarded
B. had caused / was still regarded
C. has been caused / still regards
D. would be caused / can still regard
E. caused/is still regarded
Answer: E.
Question 39:
About 100 children ________________ school every month because of
their parents' dissatisfaction with the education system in England, and
around 15,000 families ________________ their youngsters at home now.
A. leave I are taught
B. might leave I are being taught
C. are being left I can teach
D. are leaving I are teaching
E. can be left/will teach
Answer: D.
Question 40:
Though it may sound striking to many of us, certain animal species enjoy
________________ in captivity and refuse to go back to natural world.
A. having held
B. being held
C. to have been held
D. holding
E. to be held
Answer: B.
Question 41:
In India, colonial settlements ________________ for the first time in 1600
by the East India Company, and by the end of the 18th century it
________________ control of most of the commercial life in India.
A. were established / had gained
B. had to establish / should have gained
C. had been established / could gain
D. could establish / gained
E. were being established / was gained
Answer: A.
Question 42:
The dusky gopher frog was thought ________________ extinct, but after
100 frogs were rediscovered in southern Mississippi, it was listed as an
endangered species in 2001.
A. becoming
B. to have had become
C. to becoming
D. having become
E. to have become
Answer: E.
Question 43:
When the members of this tribe come together for a common task, each
member of the group expects ________________ for his efforts; services
are not offered simply out of friendship.
A. to be paid
B. having paid
C. to have been paid
D. being paid
E. to pay
Answer: A.
Question 44:
Today’s geneticists ________________ to think about responsibilities and
obligations to their subjects and they feel that they ________________
the social and ethical question: "Could it be done?" prior to research.
A. have forced / are obliged to ask
B. are being forced / have to ask
C. are forced / will ask
D. force / could ask
E. might be forced / should be asked
Answer: B.
Question 45:
Most comedians start using humor at an early age as a way of getting
people ________________ them and catching their eyes.
A. to be liked
B. being liked
C. to like
D. to have liked
E. liking
Answer: C.
Question 46:
Serious measures ________________ in order to protect the environment
as the pollution rate is much higher than it ________________.
A. should be taken / used to be
B. are taking / had been
C. need to be taken/will be
D. will take/was
E. are taken / could be
Answer: A.
Question 47:
Between the 5th century AD and the 12th century, Constantinople
________________ the world's commercial capital, and its importance
________________ on manufacturing textiles, leatherwork, and armour.
A. had remained / could be founded
B. might have remained / founded
C. had to remain / should be founded
D. had better remain / used to be founded
E. remained / was founded
Answer: E.
Question 48:
The EU ________________ in Serbia's reconstruction, and it
________________ its desire to become restored as a European state.
A. involved I supported
B. involves / will be supporting
C. has been involved / might support
D. is involved / supports
E. must involve / could support
Answer: D.
Question 49:
Even though Emerald Tablet, or Smaradgine Tablet, is thought
________________ by Hermes Trimegistus, its first known appearance
was in a book written in Arabic between the sixth and eighth centuries.
A. being written
B. to write
C. to have been written
D. having written
E. to be written
Answer: C.
Question 50:
Many parents give so much importance to car seats for children that
they run to the nearest police station or firehouse to have their seats
________________ just right.
A. to be installed
B. installing
C. having been installed
D. to install
E. installed
Answer: E.
Question 51:
Systemic, state, and individual levels of analysis ________________ hard
to separate when a state’s foreign policy ________________ mainly
through a leader’s words and actions.
A. can be / is expressed
B. have been / can express
C. are / should be expressed
D. were / would express
E. will be / might be expressed
Answer: A.
Question 52:
In Homer’s Odyssey, Helen of Troy is thought ________________ heroin
when she was preparing a potion to relieve pain and bring forgetfulness
of every ill.
A. using
B. to use
C. having used
D. to have used
E. to have been used
Answer: D.
Question 53:
Globalization is assumed ________________ to sustainable growth, low
inflation, and social progress; however, with the rise of opposition to
globalization, global economics may end up as only a myth.
A. to contribute
B. to be contributed
C. being contributed
D. having contributed
E. to have been contributed
Answer: A.
Question 54:
English ________________ the language of the British Isles: Until the 5th
century AD, the British Isles ________________ by a race called the
Celts, whose language still lives on in Celtic languages.
A. must not always be / would populate
B. has not always been / were populated
C. should not always be/have been populated
D. cannot have always been / would be populated
E. was not always / could be populated
Answer: B.
Question 55:
When Marco Polo returned to Italy from China in the 1300s, he is said
________________ with the idea of making pasta.
A. being returned
B. to have been returned
C. having been returned
D. to return
E. to have returned
Answer: E.
Question 56:
In Brazil, an area of the Amazon forest, called Bragantina, was started
________________ for agricultural use in around 1900, and by the 1940s
the soil in this area had been exhausted.
A. to have cleared
B. to be cleared
C. having cleared
D. to clear
E. clearing
Answer: B.
Question 57:
Tobacco companies tried to fight the bans on TV advertisements, but
they could not get the authorities ________________ their minds.
A. being changed
B. changing
C. having changed
D. to change
E. to be changed
Answer: D.
Question 58:
Shakespeare's play Othello is believed ________________ in 1603, and it
might have taken its name from Othello Castle in Famagusta, Cyprus.
A. writing
B.
C.
D.
E.
to be written
to have written
to write
to have been written
Answer: E.
Question 59:
Although Deena ________________ to the village by the government, she
did not act like an official, which soon ________________ the villagers to
trust her fully.
A. was sent / could help
B. is sent / must help
C. had been sent / helped
D. sends / might help
E. was sending / must have helped
Answer: C.
Question 60:
In modern law, any crime is considered ________________ against the
state, and victims are viewed as witnesses to the crimes.
A. to have been committed
B. having committed
C. to be committing
D. being committed
E. to have committed
Answer: A.
Question 61:
Some people ________________ to enjoy committing serious crimes in
Virtual Reality (VR) since these crimes ________________ easily without
guilt and consequences.
A. begin / can commit
B. will begin / commit
C. may begin / could be committed
D. have begun / committed
E. must begin / were committed
Answer: C.
Question 62:
A young and handsome boy ________________ among the treetops in
Central Park for six years by the time he ________________ there about
two weeks ago by the city authorities.
A. is lived / must be found
B. had been living / was found
C. will live / might be found
D. lives! is found
E. lived / found
Answer: B.
Question 63:
About 85 people were reported ________________ their lives during
California wildfire, 2018, which is thought ________________ as a result
of a campfire.
A. to lose / to be starting
B. losing / starting
C. to have been lost / to be started
D. to have lost / to have started
E. having been lost / starting
Answer: D.
Question 64:
The new abilities that scientists ________________ recently to see, study,
and modify cells in living systems ________________ to the human brain.
A. were gained / will apply
B. have been gained / are applied
C. gained / should apply
D. could gain / have applied
E. have gained / are being applied
Answer: E.
Question 65:
During harsh winter, each penguin focuses on ________________ at the
centre of the group, simply because each is probably interested in its own
survival.
A. being remained
B. to be remained
C. have remained
D. remaining
E. to remain
Answer: D.
Question 66:
In Medieval Europe, the government of Venice became rich from the
money that traders had to pay for permission ________________ spices.
A. into selling
B. to sell
C. to have sold
D. selling
E. having sold
Answer: B.
Question 67:
In Australia, only 20% of college graduates finish ________________ a
book from the beginning to the end after graduation.
A. to read
B. having read
C. reading
D. to be reading
E. to be read
Answer: C.
Question 68:
Despite all the advances in technology, paper production still requires
________________ down trees.
A. cutting
B. to be cut
C. of cutting
D. to cut
E. being cut
Answer: A.
Question 69:
Almost anyone could afford ________________ to a football match in the
1990s and 2000s, but today the majority of spectators are the rich only.
A. having gone
B. to have gone
C. going
D. for going
E. to go
Answer: E.
Question 70:
Although Gandhi was successful in ________________ social reforms
into effect, he was unable ________________ the problem of religious
intolerance.
A. about putting / to be solved
B. having put / to have been solved
C. put / to be solving
D. to put / in solving
E. putting / to solve
Answer: E.
Question 71:
Internet spamming involves ________________ very similar or
completely identical messages to millions of recipients without their
consent.
A. sending
B. to be sent
C. being sent
D. to send
E. in sending
Answer: A.
Question 72:
Floating cities will permit deep sea miners and their families
________________ near their work places on the ocean floor.
A. to have lived
B. living
C. on living
D. to live
E. to be living
Answer: D.
Question 73:
Flats in this part of the town are too expensive for one person
________________ on his own.
A. to be rented
B. to rent
C. renting
D. to have rented
E. for renting
Answer: B.
Question 74:
Richard Williams had a difficult time ________________ money for his
films after Citizen Kane because these films did not sell well.
A. for collecting
B. to have collected
C. collecting
D. having collected
E. to collect
Answer: C.
Question 75:
Some years ago, Jack and Luella Kellogg decided ________________
whether the chimpanzee has the capacity ________________ language.
A. studying / for acquiring
B. to have studied / to be acquired
C. to study/to acquire
D. on studying / to have acquired
E. to be studied / acquiring
Answer: C.
Question 76:
If you live in Turkey long enough, you will understand why two Turkish
neighbours avoid ________________ each other in the corridor.
A. to greet
B. of greeting
C. greeting
D. to have greeted
E. being greeted
Answer: C.
Question 77:
Since the sense of space, light, and air was very strong,
________________ at the top of the temple was very much like
________________ heaven.
A. arriving I reaching
B. having arrived / to be reached
C. to arrive I to reach
D. arrived I to be reaching
E. upon arriving I having reached
Answer: A.
Question 78:
It is important for diabetic patients ________________ the sugar content
of packaged food items by ________________ the labels.
A. to be checking / having read
B. to check / reading
C. checking / read
D. check / being read
E. to have checked / to read
Answer: B.
Question 79:
Terrorist movements are often led by people who claim
________________ in the name of the poor and the oppressed.
A. to have acted
B. acting
C. on acting
D. to act
E. having acted
Answer: D.
Question 80:
Political systems fail ________________ the problem of corrupt political
action within the government when opposition parties conflict with each
other.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
to have solved
solving
to be solved
being solved
to solve
Answer: E.
Question 81:
Assisted reproductive technologies aim to enable couples
________________ a child with whom they are biologically connected.
A. to have
B. have
C. having
D. to have had
E. for having
Answer: A.
Question 82:
Carina Kumari’s streetcar-conductor father was actually reluctant
________________ Carina ________________ local boxing competitions.
A. to letting / attending
B. to have let / to attend
C. letting / has attended
D. to let/attend
E. to be letting / having attended
Answer: D.
Question 83:
According to a recent study, about a third of all Indians have trouble
________________ asleep.
A. to fall
B. fal’
C. for falling
D. falling
E. to be falling
Answer: D.
Question 84:
In Ancient Greece, it was the highest honour ________________ in the
Olympics, and only males of good character were chosen
________________ in these sports events.
A. with participating / for taking part
B. to have participated / taking part
C. participating / to be taking part
D. participate / to have taken part
E. to participate / to take part
Answer: E.
Question 85:
Composed of long chains of DNA with perhaps 100,000 genes, the human
genome is far too vast for scientists ________________ all at once.
A. analysing
B. to analyse
C. to be analysed
D. being analysed
E. analyse
Answer: B.
Question 86:
Early European explorers thought that the Pacific Ocean was small
enough for a sailboat ________________ in a couple of weeks.
A. crossing
B. to be crossed
C. to cross
D. cross
E. to have crossed
Answer: C.
Question 87:
Cicadas are indeed reasonably innocent bugs, whose only sin is
________________ the small branches by ________________eggs in
them.
A. kill / to be laying
B. killing / laying
C. being killed / in laying
D. to kill / having laid
E. to have killed / to have laid
Answer: B.
Question 88:
Many doctors recommend ________________ at least two servings of fish
a week ________________ the risk of heart diseases.
A. eating / to reduce
B. having eaten / to be reduced
C. eat / reduces
D. to eat / for reducing
E. being eaten / to have reduced
Answer: A.
Question 89:
Ordinary citizens in an authoritarian regime are indeed usually too
clever ________________ this kind of grip on power for too long.
A. accepting
B. to be accepted
C. against accepting
D. to have accepted
E. to accept
Answer: E.
Question 90:
Studies of the genetic material of modern Native Americans appear
________________ some additional clues about the origins of earliest
Americans.
A. in offering
B. offering
C. having offered
D. to offer
E. to be offered
Answer: D.
Question 91:
The economic situation has made it too costly ________________
imported drinks in our hotel.
A. to serve
B. being served
C. to have served
D. serving
E. to be served
Answer: A.
Question 92:
There is an urgent matter that I would like ________________ with you
right now.
A. discussing
B. to have discussed
C. to discuss
D. having discussed
E. to be discussed
Answer: C.
Question 93:
Many teenagers who are determined ________________ their excess
weight refuse ________________ more than a few pieces of food a day.
A. losing / eating
B. to lose / to eat
C. to be lost / having eaten
D. of losing / eat
E. to have lost / being eaten
Answer: B.
Question 94:
Young people in particular may risk even ________________ their own
lives when they are deeply offended by injustice.
A. lose
B. to lose
C. have lost
D. to be losing
E. losing
Answer: E.
Question 95:
In the movie Minority Report, the cop on the run got past the eye scan at
police headquarters because a stupid employee had forgotten
________________ his retina from the database.
A. being deleted
B. deleting
C. to have deleted
D. to delete
E. delete
Answer: D.
Question 96:
________________ improvements in air-conditioning technologies, five
companies sponsored a contest ________________ the best new
prototype last year.
A. Encouraging /to be building
B. Having encouraged / to have built
C. To encourage / to build
D. Being encouraged / for building
E. To be encouraged / building
Answer: C.
Question 97:
A couple of hours after the avalanche, I actually heard the rescuers
above ________________ my name, but they could not see or hear me
under the snow.
A. to call
B. had called
C. having called
D. being called
E. calling
Answer: E.
Question 98:
As human beings, we cannot quite get past the desire for revenge, so we
want people ________________ for what they have done to us.
A. to be punished
B. punishing
C. having punished
D. to punish
E. to have punished
Answer: A.
Question 99:
In Homer’s Odyssey, the drink that Helen of Troy mixes
________________ all pain in the body is thought ________________
opium.
A. relieving /to be containing
B. to relieve / to have contained
C. to have relieved / contain
D. relieves / about containing
E. to be relieved / had contained
Answer: B.
Question 100:
In this documentary, children see the well-known scientist Jane Goodall
________________ the social structure of chimpanzees.
A. to study
B. having studied
C. studying
D. being studied
E. had studied
Answer: C.
Question 101:
For a manic lover, self-worth seems ________________ only from
________________ by others, rather than from any sense of inner
satisfaction, which cannot be considered healthy.
A. to be coming I loving
B. coming I having been loved
C. for coming I to be loved
D. to come I being loved
E. come I to love
Answer: D.
Question 102:
Seeing that the customs officer was clearly asking for a bribe, Sara
looked too surprised ________________ for a moment.
A. talking
B. talk
C. to talk
D. having talked
E. for talking
Answer: C.
Question 103:
A special rubber suit that prevents heat loss makes diving comfortable
enough ________________ samples of plant and vegetable life even in icy
waters.
A. to have collected
B. being collected
C. collecting
D. to collect
E. to be collected
Answer: D.
Question 104:
________________ restrictive immigration laws were the only way for
the US ________________ the “golden door” on the constant stream of
immigrants.
A. To have passed / closes
B. To pass / closing
C. By passing / has closed
D. To be passed / being closed
E. Passing / to close
Answer: E.
Question 105:
Even though the terms “ethnic groups” and “ethnicity” keep
________________ in the press and on political programs, it is not very
easy ________________ with a clear-cut definition.
A. appearing / to come up
B. to appear / for coming up
C. being appeared / come up
D. having appeared / coming up
E. to be appearing / having come up
Answer: A.
Question 106:
John started his letter to Anna by apologising for not ________________
to her for over 15 years.
A. being written
B. having written
C. write
D. to be writing
E. to have written
Answer: B.
Question 107:
The research on language development in babies seems
________________ that both nature and the environment influence the
quality of language use.
A. suggesting
B. to suggest
C. to have suggested
D. being suggested
E. to be suggested
Answer; B.
Question 108:
Some victims of chronic pain develop an irritable character in time,
selfishly ________________ care from others all the time.
A. expecting
B. to have expected
C. to expect
D. expect
E. being expected
Answer: A.
Question 109:
It is only normal that you may notice your son or daughter
________________ through “a super-hero phase” between the ages of
three and five.
A. to go
B. had gone
C. going
D. gone
E. having gone
Answer: C.
Question 110:
It might be a good idea for a company to consider ________________
some of its assets if it is in bad debt.
A. to sell
B. having sold
C. sell
D. selling
E. being sold
Answer: D.
Question 111:
Since the industry doesn't expect a large enough audience
________________ the products like magazines and T-shirts in women’s
extreme sports, they do not think it is worth ________________ the
athletes.
A. for selling /to support
B. sells / has supported
C. selling / support
D. having sold / being supported
E. to sell / supporting
Answer: E.
Question 112:
________________ more votes in the elections, the government of every
country is trying ________________ the standard of living of its citizens.
A. By securing / raising
B. Securing / to be raised
C. For securing / being raised
D. To secure / to raise
E. Being secured /to have raised
Answer: D.
Question 113:
As citizens, we do not want to see poor pedestrians, especially young boys
and girls, ________________ on the road anymore.
A. kill or hurt
B. killed or hurt
C. having killed or hurt
D. killing or hurting
E. by killing or hurting
Answer: B.
Question 114:
Jude’s pleasure from finally ________________ her success is the reason
why she can recall that evening’s activities so vividly.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
having proved
to prove
being proved
proved
to be proved
Answer: A.
Question 115:
As it is not possible ________________ every criminal for life, the logical
alternative is to teach these prisoners ________________ something
valuable, like a profession or a new way of life.
A. imprisoning / doing
B. to have imprisoned / do
C. to imprison /to do
D. imprison / being done
E. to be imprisoned / done
Answer: C.
Question 116:
The fridge remained in good condition after ________________ for 20
years or so.
A. used
B. to use
C. had used
D. to be used
E. having been used
Answer: E.
Question 117:
During the shocking flight between NewYork and Chicago, the
passengers had to watch pieces of the engine ________________ one by
one.
A. had fallen off
B.
C.
D.
E.
to fall off
having fallen off
fall off
being fallen off
Answer: D.
Question 118:
Predictably, the chief minister denied ________________ his power to
gain personal advantage.
A. to misuse
B. being misused
C. on having been misused
D. having misused
E. to be misused
Answer: D.
Question 119:
Some parents and teachers ignore and even attack any evidence of
creativity in children without even ________________ what they are
doing.
A. realising
B. being realised
C. to realise
D. have realised
E. to be realised
Answer: A.
Question 120:
While his friends could avoid ________________ by the police, Tom’s
incompetent act of stealing was spotted immediately.
A. capturing
B. to be captured
C. being captured
D. having captured
E. to capture
Answer: C.
Question 121:
Virtual reality (VR) headsets were ready ________________ in shops
before any research had been done on their psychological effects.
A. sold
B. to be sold
C. selling
D. being sold
E. to have sold
Answer: B.
Question 122:
The custom of forbidding a prospective couple ________________ each
other until their wedding day is becoming out of date in most urban
areas.
A. seeing
B. to be seen
C. being seen
D. to have seen
E. from seeing
Answer: E.
Question 123:
The Egyptians were grateful for ________________ from the Persian rule, so
they made Alexander the Great their pharaoh.
A. having liberated
B. liberating
C. liberated
D. being liberating
E. having been liberated
Answer: E.
Question 124:
The pattern ________________ in winter has developed to allow
Emperor penguins ________________ to independence at a time when
food is most plentiful.
A. of breeding / grow
B. breeding / to be grown
C. to breed / to grow
D. in breeding/grown
E. to have bred / growing
Answer: C.
Question 125:
In the year 2012, two young children in different parts of the country
were discovered ________________ in captivity for several years, almost
since birth.
A. to keep
B. to be keeping
C. keeping
D. to have been kept
E. being kept
Answer: D.
Question 126:
The close-up, the tracking camera, and the zoom all let the director
________________ the audience ________________ on a particular
aspect of a scene, even if they do not intend to.
A. but
B. making / to focus
C. make / focus
D. being made / focusing
E. to make / being focused
F. to be made / focused
Answer: B.
Question 127:
Some shopaholics think that they will stop ________________materials
that they do not need if they get rid of their credit cards.
A. buying
B. in buying
C. to be bought
D. to buy
E. having bought
Answer: A.
Question 128:
While it is always a good idea ________________ as much as possible in a
savings account, it is also advisable to spare some money in a separate
account ________________ on immediate and urgent expenses.
A. saving / to be spending
B. to have saved / spending
C. save / to have spent
D. being saved / spent
E. to save / to spend
Answer: E.
Chapter 4: Practice Test 3:
ADJECTIVES & ADVERBS / IF & WISH CLAUSES
(CONDITIONALS)
128 questions
|
2 hours
Question 1:
Their robbery went ________________ the police suspect that it was
planned for months, if not years.
A. more smoothly than
B. smoothly enough
C. such smoothly
D. as smoothly as
E. so smoothly that
Answer: E.
Question 2:
I have never met ________________ man ________________ your uncle
in my entire life.
A. such a considerate / as
B. the most considerate / like
C. so considerate / that
D. as considerately / as
E. more considerately / than
Answer: A.
Question 3:
Only 5% of the female population can achieve to be ________________
what mass media idealise for women. That is, by media standards, the
majority of women are simply ________________.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
thinner than ? such heavy
so thin? heavy enough
thin enough for? as heavy
as thin as I too heavy
the thinnest I heavier
Answer: D.
Question 4:
Don’t worry, I will try to explain how to format your computer without
losing data ________________ I can.
A. so thorough that
B. as thoroughly as
C. such thoroughly that
D. more thoroughly than
E. as thorough as
Answer: B.
Question 5:
With its fake waves and fake sunshine, but enormous crowds, the Ocean
Dome has become ________________ a craze that about 10,000 sun
seekers are using it at a given time.
A. so
B. like
C. such
D. much of
E. as
Answer: C.
Question 6:
Celine Dion, one of ________________ international stars in pop music
history, was born as ________________ of the 14 children in the Dion
family.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the big / even younger
big /the least young
many biggest / young as
the most big / younger than
the biggest / the youngest
Answer: E.
Question 7:
In Austria where roads are really safe, travelling for five minutes by car
is ________________ more dangerous than walking or cycling for five
minutes.
A. far
B. such
C. so
D. no
E. further
Answer: D.
Question 8:
Semi-natural grasslands have been created in the Carpathians through
human activities, but those activities were not ________________ strong
________________ to change the composition of their species
significantly.
A. so / as
B. such / that
C. too / one
D. as / as
E. very / as
Answer: A.
Question 9:
The best thing about online shopping is that you can read
________________ many reviews about a product ________________
you like before deciding to buy it.
A. such / the more
B. as / as
C. too / the one
D. that/as
E. quite/than
Answer: B.
Question 10:
In the northwest of the country, clean water is ________________
farmers in Cansung province only take three baths in their entire life; at
birth, marriage, and death.
A. so scarcely that
B. such a scarce that
C. so scarce that
D. as scarce as
E. so scarcely as
Answer: C.
Question 11:
There were ________________ few candidates for the position
________________ all who qualified was offered employment.
A. as / as
B. so / as to
C. too / to
D. so/that
E. not only / but also
Answer: D.
Question 12:
Pierceville is ________________ town ________________ young people
cannot find anything to do in the evenings.
A. such a boring / that
B. so boring I that
C. such a bored / that
D. as boring / as
E. so bored / that
Answer: A.
Question 13:
The boss greeted me back, but not ________________ I did, and gave me
today's task with a strict and scary face.
A. the happiest
B. so happily as
C. so happy that
D. as happy as
E. very happily
Answer: B.
Question 14:
The insufficient number of eye-specialists is one reason why loss of sight
due to cataracts is ________________ observed among the Nepalese.
A. very common
B. too common
C. so commonly
D. as commonly as
E. so common that
Answer: C.
Question 15:
Of more than 200 independent states in the world, only
________________ of them can be said to consist of a single ethnic group.
A. the fewest
B. fewer
C. as few as
D. such few that
E. so few
Answer: E.
Question 16:
Telling a joke to a group makes things ________________ funnier
because people laugh ________________ when they are in groups.
A. much more / so much
B. more / further
C. too / as much
D. even / more
E. quite/very
Answer: D.
Question 17:
________________ few studies comparing American sleep patterns and
those of other countries have been done ________________ scientists
cannot reach any definitive conclusions.
A. Rather / so
B. So/that
C. Less than / most
D. As/as
E. Such/that
Answer: B.
Question 18:
________________ a country uses hard power, ________________ the
damage to the country's soft power to convince others through
diplomatic means.
A. The more / the greater
B. So many / so great
C. The most / the greatest
D. Much more / too great
E. The most / even greater
Answer: A.
Question 19:
In the 1980s, feminism took a completely new path: Instead of rallying
with the cry, "We can do anything just ________________ men!",
feminists began to claim, "We can do many things ________________
men!"
A. well enough as /so well that
B. as well as / better than
C. so well that/the best of
D. the best of/ well enough as
E. better than / as well as
Answer: B.
Question 20:
Cars sometimes move through the busy, traffic-filled streets of New York
________________ faster than horse-drawn carriages did a century ago.
A. not any
B. such
C. even
D. less
E. much more
Answer: A.
Question 21:
Though people assume cycling is a dangerous means of transportation,
cycling can indeed have ________________ little risk for dangerous
accidents ________________ driving does with necessary precautions.
A. such / like
B. so/that
C. as / as
D. way/than
E. not so / as
Answer: C.
Question 22:
Among all the players we have discussed, Matthew Nolan played
________________ at the tournaments that mattered the most.
A. better
B. as well as
C. so good
D. the best
E. well
Answer: D.
Question 23:
Surely enough, the movie had a twist at the end, but not
________________ clever ________________ to be exciting as it unveiled.
A. more / than
B. the most / one
C. so / as
D. such / that
E. very / so
Answer: C.
Question 24:
Inception is probably the most confusing movie of all times: Around
80.000 people a month google it for ________________ information after
watching.
A. far
B. further
C. by far the most
D. the furthest
E. the least far
Answer: B.
Question 25:
According to analyst firm SlashData's survey, Python remains
________________ the most popular programming language with
developers, followed by Java and then Javascript.
A. even
B. a bit
C. by far
D. not
E. too much
Answer: C.
Question 26:
The solar farm is expected to generate ________________ much energy
________________ not only will it power all of the Northern Territory,
but two-thirds of the Southern Territory as well.
A. so/that
B. a lot/than
C. as / as
D. so / as to
E. too / to
Answer: A.
Question 27:
It is easy to understand why ________________ foreign investors
continue to pursue business in China: There are simply very few places
________________ China.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
very few / as profitable as
so much / the most profitable as
too many / so profitable that
so many / more profitable than
the more / the more profitable
Answer: D.
Question 28:
The fast food chain, Taco Bell, is ________________ sure
________________ it wants to be on whether its digital advertising
efforts are reaching the target audiences.
A. so / as
B. so/that
C. too / as
D. quite / that
E. less / than
Answer: E.
Question 29:
Health officials can discover the source of any problems only if the
products ________________ properly ________________.
A. are / labelled
B. had been / labelled
C. would be / labelled
D. will be / labelled
E. might be / labelled
Answer: A.
Question 30:
Suddenly, it dawned on Heather that Eric stopped by ________________
because he was attracted to her.
A. so frequently
B. the most frequently
C. as frequently
D. too frequent
E. as frequent as
Answer: A.
Question 31:
Wind power and biofuels and are considered as ________________
alternative energy sources, as well as hydro and tidal power.
A. such promising as
B. more promising than
C. promising as
D. the most promising
E. so promising that
Answer: D.
Question 32:
While he was training, Jacob looked ________________ in his sweat
pants ________________ he does in his suit.
A. so elegant / that
B. the most elegantly / as
C. as elegant / as
D. more elegantly / than
E. elegant / so
Answer: C.
Question 33:
It was ________________ late at night when we arrived at the hotel, so
we were ________________ to notice how beautiful it was.
A. very I as sleepy as
B. too I so sleepy as
C. such / the most sleepy
D. as / so sleepy that
E. so / too sleepy
Answer: E.
Question 34:
Apparently, North Pacific Children’s Hospital was also affected by the
storm, but not ________________the others in the area.
A. so severe that
B. as severely as
C. more severely
D. the most severe as
E. too severely than
Answer: B.
Question 35:
Though many people dream of moving to south one day, there is nothing
________________ a seaside town in low season.
A. the most bored
B. so boring that
C. more boring than
D. as bored as
E. boring enough as
Answer: C.
Question 36:
The operators should evaluate their ability to operate the crane
________________ to protect themselves and others from serious injury.
A. so safely that
B. the safest
C. safer than
D. as safe as
E. safely enough
Answer: E.
Question 37:
Luna was ________________ sad in the morning to talk about her
breakup, but she looks ________________ better now.
A. as / so
B. so / more
C. more / that
D. enough / far
E. too / much
Answer: E.
Question 38:
At first, the company was a total failure, but now they are able to design
products ________________ closer to what the customers want.
A. as
B. much
C. too
D. more
E. most
Answer: B.
Question 39:
Jenny stands to be ________________ the most industrious teacher that
we have ever hired for our school.
A. a lot
B. further
C. so
D. by far
E. such
Answer: D.
Question 40:
The dictionary had a picture of a small sea turtle, but it was a dull, black
and white drawing, not ________________ the live one.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
such a pretty
so pretty as
prettier as
the prettiest like
so pretty that
Answer: B.
Question 41:
The field of aviation maintenance is changing almost ________________
the evolution of airplane itself.
A. as fast as
B. so fast that
C. the fastest as
D. far faster
E. fast enough
Answer: A
Question 42:
In the early 1980s, some engineers severely criticized NASA, claiming
that the space station it envisioned would prove ________________ to
build.
A. as costly as
B. too costly
C. costlier than
D. so costly that
E. costly enough
Answer: B.
Question 43:
This best-selling straightening iron leaves your hair ________________
your friends might start seeing their reflection in your hair!
A. as shiny as
B. shiny enough
C. so shiny that
D. shinier than
E. the shiniest
Answer: C.
Question 44:
Some Canadian TV viewers feel that they do not have ________________
locally produced news programs.
A. enough
B. so much
C. a few
D. the most
E. as
Answer: A.
Question 45:
Logan will be the top student in his class if he spends ________________
time on his studies ________________ he does on video games.
A. the most/not
B. much / less than
C. a little / more than
D. as much / as
E. enough/than
Answer: D.
Question 46:
The pictures in this book are ________________ for a toddler to look for
a long time; he will surely get distracted, or else tired.
A. too intricate
B. such an intricate
C. intricately enough
D. so intricate that
E. as intricately as
Answer: A.
Question 47:
The research team is ________________ with the results of the science
experiment ________________ they asked for more funds for further
study.
A. more pleasing / than
B. too pleased / that
C. so pleased / that
D. so pleasing /than
E. as pleased / as
Answer: C.
Question 48:
It sounded ________________ fun to recite poems over midnight coffee
that I decided to join the poetry club in our neighbourhood.
A. much
B. such
C. like
D. as
E. a lot of
Answer: B.
Question 49:
Why Shanghai, which was far ________________ to the SARS epicenter
of Guangdong, had ________________ a light burden is still a mystery.
A. very close /the least
B. the closest / more of
C. as close / as
D. closer / such
E. so close / the most as
Answer: D.
Question 50:
Obviously, the police bed was not ________________ place he had slept,
but at least he felt ________________ to go to sleep without any fear.
A. the most comfortable I safe enough
B. more comfortable / so safe that
C. such a comfortable I safer than
D. as comfortable as I too safe
E. too comfortable I safely
Answer: A.
Question 51:
In most writing systems, a semi-colon (;) generally marks the end of a
sentence, but not ________________ firmly ________________ a full stop
does.
A. too/that
B. the most I than
C. less / than
D. more / as
E. so / as
Answer: E.
Question 52:
The players were ________________ they had nothing left to give in the
last ten minutes of the game.
A. such exhausting that
B. so exhausted that
C. more exhausted than
D. so exhausting that
E. as exhausted as
Answer: B.
Question 53:
Personally, I feel much ________________ of sleeping in a city by myself
________________ sleeping in the woods.
A. more scared I than
B. as scared / as
C. most scared I that
D. so scared I as
E. more than scared I like
Answer: A.
Question 54:
It was quite a paradox that ________________ he tried to finish,
________________ it seemed to take him.
A. the fastest / the longest
B. so fast / longer
C. much faster / as long as
D. the faster / the longer
E. as fast as / so long
Answer: D.
Question 55:
Mercury is known to be ________________ of all the planets in our solar
system.
A. too small
B. the smallest
C. as small one
D. so small that
E. smaller than
Answer: B.
Question 56:
The lieutenant cannot be ________________ to leave Ted in command;
everyone knows how dumb he is.
A. such a crazy
B. crazier than
C. so crazy as
D. the craziest
E. so crazy that
Answer: C.
Question 57:
Things have been ________________ busier than usual in our office, so
we have decided to slow down a little.
A. no
B. less
C. a bit
D. too
E. by far
Answer: C.
Question 58:
The surprising fact about emperor penguin chicks is that they become
mature ________________ to leave their parents by the summer.
A. much
B. enough
C. as
D. the most
E. more
Answer: B.
Question 59:
Studies on rational behavior suggest that ________________ tired or
angry a person is, ________________ rational they are likely to act in the
face of a crisis.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
the more / the more
as / less
however / as
less / more
the more / the less
Answer: E.
Question 60:
I drive on a lot of these roads in the business I have, but this is by far
________________ I have encountered in the Appletown area.
A. worse than
B. the bad one
C. too bad
D. so badly
E. the worst
Answer: E.
Question 61:
We’ll invite ________________ few people to the wedding
________________ possible because we don’t want a big wedding.
A. as / as
B. so/that
C. too / as
D. as / so
E. quite / than
Answer: A.
Question 62:
It seemed ________________ an easy way to make money
________________ I agreed on cutting the grass on their yard instantly.
A. such I that
B. more I than
C. so/that
D. as / as
E. like I than
Answer: A.
Question 63:
The room we rented was a long walk to the central locations, but it was
________________ one that we preferred to walk rather than take buses.
A. so scenic
B. as scenic as
C. a more scenic
D. the most scenic
E. such a scenic
Answer: E.
Question 64:
You will be surprised to know that, ________________ 40 years ago, a
person would be considered unsuitable for presidency if he or she was
single or divorced.
A. too recently like
B. as recently as
C. recently enough
D. more recently as
E. so recently that
Answer: B.
Question 65:
Of all the holiday destinations in the world, the Mediterranean Sea is
________________ popular one with its unmatched weather and
turquoise water.
A. more
B. less
C. the most
D. the least
E. so
Answer: C.
Question 66:
I will agree to compete in the games ________________ my expenses are
paid by the Chess Federation.
A. if only
B. in case
C. supposing
D. as if
E. providing that
Answer: E.
Question 67:
I wish I ________________ our neighborhood is a better place now than
it was 20 years ago.
A. said
B. would say
C. will say
D. could say
E. can say
Answer: D.
Question 68:
________________ you have a strong photographic memory, repetition is
vital in learning just about anything in life.
A. In case
B. Unless
C. Asif
D. Because
E. Suppose that
Answer: B.
Question 69:
Hudson talked of other cultures ________________ they were more
familiar to him than his own.
A. until
B. in case
C. as if
D. if
E. unless
Answer: C.
Question 70:
If I ________________ my life was going to turn out like this, I
________________ abroad when I had the chance.
A. had known / would have moved
B. know / will move
C. have known / should move
D. knew / could move
E. could know / had moved
Answer: A.
Question 71:
The new law will allow people to divorce ________________ the couples
have lived separately for at least six months.
A. even if
B. unless
C. whether
D. in case
E. only if
Answer: E.
Question 72:
I wanted to inform the police about what was going on
________________ something bad happened to us.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
unless
otherwise
in case
as long as
if only
Answer: C.
Question 73:
I know for sure that I ________________ a lot happier if I
________________ more time with family and friends, but I am just too
busy.
A. had been / was spending
B. would be / was able to spend
C. am /will have spent
D. was / had been spending
E. could have been / have spent
Answer: B.
Question 74:
________________ between my career and my family, my wife and kids
would definitely come out on top.
A. Had I chosen
B. Should I choose
C. Could I choose
D. Were I to choose
E. Will I choose
Answer: D.
Question 75:
The researcher Jonathan Levant says that if we ________________ in
seagrasses, they ________________ us in lowering the global
concentration of carbon dioxide.
A. would invest / have helped
B.
C.
D.
E.
are investing / helped
would be investing / had helped
have invested / would help
invest / can help
Answer: E.
Question 76:
It might easily turn into love if only Pam and Oswald ________________
playing nasty practical tricks on each other.
A. stop
B. would have stopped
C. will stop
D. could stop
E. had stopped
Answer: D.
Question 77:
On their wedding day, Stella and Dylan both wished that they
________________ the dance routines more often.
A. had practised
B. would practise
C. practised
D. are practising
E. were practising
Answer: A.
Question 78:
Many of the world's severely threatened animals and plants
________________ if present rates of forest loss ________________ for
another 50 years.
A. are disappearing ? continued
B.
C.
D.
E.
disappeared I have continued
might disappear/will continue
would disappear I had continued
will disappear? continue
Answer: E.
Question 79:
We do not like to think about it, but ________________ you
unexpectedly lose your job, or you develop a chronic disease someday?
A. even when
B. if
C. what if
D. unless
E. in case
Answer: C.
Question 80:
If we ________________ back in time to the American Civil War, a very
different landscape ________________ visible.
A. travel / will be
B. could travel / would be
C. can travel / is
D. had travelled / would have been
E. travelled / could have been
Answer: B.
Question 81:
Penicillin therapy is very effective ________________ the injections are
given promptly on the hour.
A. even if
B. on condition that
C. unless
D. as though
E. until
Answer: B.
Question 82:
Because of digital technologies and globalization, young people
________________ more education and better skills if they
________________ better jobs.
A. need / want
B. have needed / wanted
C. could need /will want
D. had needed / would have wanted
E. will need / have wanted
Answer: A.
Question 83:
At this stage, our best strategy will be to consult professionals
________________ we ________________ any problems that we cannot
overcome by ourselves.
A. had / encountered
B. were / to encounter
C. should / encounter
D. did / encounter
E. will / encounter
Answer: C.
Question 84:
________________ there is a demand for these weapons, the financial
incentive for illegal arms dealers will always be there.
A. So that
B.
C.
D.
E.
Even if
What if
So long as
Unless
Answer: D.
Question 85:
________________ they are as young as two or three years old, children
need to be respected for their interests and requests.
A. Providing
B. Unless
C. Asif
D. However
E. Even when
Answer: E.
Question 86:
Opponents to cloning suggest that a serious identity crisis
________________ if a person ________________ a cloned duplicate of
their father or mother.
A. could arise / is
B. will arise / has been
C. might have arisen / had been
D. would arise / were
E. has arisen / could be
Answer: D.
Question 87:
A very familiar thing in the world ________________ completely
different to you if you just slow down and pay attention.
A. looked
B.
C.
D.
E.
might look
had looked
has looked
would have looked
Answer: B.
Question 88:
True zero-emission cars will be possible ________________ carmakers
and customers decide that they are actually worth the added cost.
A. unless
B. even if
C. but
D. so that
E. only if
Answer: E.
Question 89:
Many people who have chosen to self-teach themselves believe that they
________________ less successful if they ________________ to university
like their friends did.
A. would have been / had gone
B. would be / have gone
C. might be/go
D. have been / will go
E. were / could go
Answer: A.
Question 90:
The couple looks determined to split up for no good reason
________________ their friend Carter can make them come to their
senses.
A. only if
B. as long as
C. unless
D. since
E. as if
Answer: C.
Question 91:
Americans value the rules of punctuality highly; so, if you
________________ them, you ________________ to provide an apology
and an explanation.
A. violated / were required
B. can violate / might be required
C. have violated / would be required
D. were violating / will be required
E. violate / are required
Answer: E.
Question 92:
The nuclear industry is one area where humans wish they
________________ better.
A. are protected
B. could be protected
C. had been protected
D. can be protected
E. would be protected
Answer: B.
Question 93:
Even if Columbus had not found tobacco, the Portuguese
________________ it to Europe sooner or later.
A. would have brought
B. brought
C. could bring
D. were bringing
E. had brought
Answer: A.
Question 94:
________________ you had a pile of cash that you can sacrifice for some
noble cause, how would you choose to spend it?
A. As long as
B. As though
C. Even when
D. If
E. In case
Answer: D.
Question 95:
If the weather conditions ________________ a little better, the rescue
team could have found Eleanor earlier.
A. had been
B. might be
C. were
D. are
E. could be
Answer: A.
Question 96:
Many people express regrets about their own lives, saying that they wish
they ________________ more risks when they had the chance
A. took
B. have taken
C. had taken
D. could take
E. were taking
Answer: C.
Question 97:
20,000 cures from cancer were recorded last year, and this figure
________________ if fear ________________ patients from getting help
early.
A. has been doubled I did not stop
B. was going to be doubled I has not stopped
C. could have been doubled I had not stopped
D. will have been doubled I does not stop
E. must be doubled I will not stop
Answer: C.
Question 98:
________________ your child’s school does not engage in many art
projects, you could embed art into academic content that your child is
learning.
A. In order that
B. Only if
C. Because
D. As long as
E. Even if
Answer: E.
Question 99:
If a number of entirely sane people ________________ to the mental
hospital, would the staff realise that a mistake had been made?
A. are admitted
B. were admitted
C. have been admitted
D. would be admitted
E. must have been admitted
Answer: B.
Question 100:
________________ adoption has never previously been practised in our
society, and someone proposes introducing it – how do you think people
would react?
A. Suppose that
B. Since
C. On condition that
D. In case
E. Unless
Answer: A.
Question 101:
________________ they are mailed to him by his advisors, Owen never
reads the news stories written about him in the papers.
A. As long as
B. Because
C. Supposing
D. Unless
E. As if
Answer: D.
Question 102:
Business executives will not care which political party they contribute to
________________ they get the results that they want.
A. unless
B. suppose that
C. as long as
D. in case
E. even if
Answer: C.
Question 103:
________________ we could put a ban on using the Internet to promote
or advertise biological weapons, there would still be the problem of how
to enforce those prohibitions.
A. As long as
B. As if
C. Unless
D. Even if
E. In case
Answer: D.
Question 104:
Markhel was now back on his feet but waited for a while to approach the
dog ________________ it barked at him again.
A. in case
B. so long as
C. until
D. if only
E. but for
Answer: A.
Question 105:
Diabetics would not be able to use insulin to keep their illness under
control if it ________________ by animal testing.
A. has not been developed
B. had not been developed
C. could not be developed
D. were not developed
E. is not developed
Answer: B.
Question 106:
________________ it is not blocked by the Constitutional Court, the new
law will enable foreign students to reside in Germany after graduation.
A. Even if
B. What if
C. Provided that
D. Unless
E. As though
Answer: C.
Question 107:
Research has revealed that students ________________ remarkable
progress if language learning ________________place in a nonthreatening environment.
A. made /would take
B. make / takes
C. were making / could take
D. would have made / had taken
E. will make/might take
Answer: B.
Question 108:
An increasing number of young adults in India wish they
________________ more say in the selection of their future wives or
husbands, although they still let their parents arrange their marriages.
A. will have
B. had
C. could have had
D. have
E. had had
Answer: B.
Question 109:
Most Indians are of the opinion that if people ________________ for
higher education, it ________________ the monopoly of the rich.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
had to pay / becomes
have had to pay / became
will have to pay / has become
have to pay / will become
might have to pay / could become
Answer: D.
Question 110:
Our people will lose their jobs to automation or digitalization
________________ our workforce unleashes more creative innovation.
A. provided that
B. in case
C. as if
D. supposing
E. unless
Answer: E.
Question 111:
The best thing about literature exams is that you can show your
creativity to the fullest, ________________ what you write is relevant.
A. as long as
B. even if
C. otherwise
D. unless
E. whether
Answer: A.
Question 112:
Even a person weakly attached to his country ________________
devastated if he ________________ to leave the country by the ruling
regime.
A. will feel / will be forced
B. has felt / is forced
C. would feel / were forced
D. had felt / had been forced
E. might have felt / has been forced
Answer: C.
Question 113:
The army agreed to a ceasefire in territories under the rebels' control,
________________ all foreign troops leave by June.
A. but
B. on condition that
C. if only
D. supposing
E. in case
Answer: B.
Question 114:
If it ________________ for a white dog named “Robot”, who made an
accidental discovery in the caves at Lascaux in 1940, we
________________ about the prehistoric art in the caves until many
years later.
A. hadn’t been / may not have known
B. isn’t! will not know
C. wouldn’t be / were not going to know
D. wasn’t / could not know
E. cannot be / would not have known
Answer: A.
Question 115:
According to Geerat Vermeij, a palaeontology at the University of
California, if the history of life on Earth ________________, many of the
same innovations ________________, although at slightly different times.
A. had been repeated I reappeared
B. is repeated I might reappear
C. were repeated I reappear
D. could be repeated I would reappear
E. would be repeated / has reappeared
Answer: D.
Question 116:
It is easy to condemn violence that you see on TV, but ________________
you actually saw a man hitting a woman in the street and felt you had to
intervene?
A. if
B. until
C. on condition that
D. in case
E. what if
Answer: E.
Question 117:
________________ you ________________ us what the real problem was,
we could have addressed it before things got out of control.
A. Should / tell
B. Could / tell
C. Had/told
D. Did /tell
E. Were / to tell
Answer: C.
Question 118:
Despite the public outcry against him, the CEO said he wished he
________________ the price of the drug even higher.
A. was raising
B. would raise
C. had raised
D. might have raised
E. has raised
Answer: C.
Question 119:
________________ someone warns them firmly, addicted gamers have no
way of knowing how long they have been playing.
A. Providing
B. If only
C. What if
D. Unless
E. So that
Answer: D.
Question 120:
A mock chemical attack by the security services of the White House
proved alarmingly successful: They discovered that if it
________________ real, the President and the entire Congress
________________.
A. had been / would have been killed
B. is / might be killed
C. were / would be killed
D. has been / could have been killed
E. could be / were killed
Answer: A.
Question 121:
I am sure people would love to stop and eat in our place,
________________ they could find somewhere to park their car.
A. unless
B. otherwise
C. if only
D. until
E. even when
Answer: C.
Question 122:
To carry on ________________ what was happening was completely
“normal” required tremendous powers of denial.
A. even if
B. provided that
C. in case
D. unless
E. asif
Answer: E.
Question 123:
If Matthew had not wasted all his savings gambling away, he
________________ to Nepal with us next week.
A. will go
B. could have gone
C. has gone
D. goes
E. would be going
Answer: E.
Question 124:
The match itself could have been one of the greats ________________ the
sour incidents that overshadowed the game.
A. but for
B. if
C. unless
D. because of
E. since
Answer: A.
Question 125:
As a bank manager, I wish I ________________ on my first day on the
job that the emotional toll this job takes is enormous.
A. had known
B. could know
C. know
D. would know
E. knew
Answer: A.
Question 126:
The white corpuscles in the blood, which are called phagocytes, are
usually strong enough to destroy the bacteria ________________ the
bacteria increase in number too quickly.
A. but
B. unless
C. as long as
D. since
E. asif
Answer: B.
Question 127:
My friends said I should urgently stock up on food and other necessities
________________ the approaching storm made it impossible to go
shopping.
A. provided
B. whether
C. in case
D. even when
E. as though
Answer: C.
Question 128:
Though they know it is an unrealistic expectation, most people wish they
________________ young and full of radiance on their faces forever.
A. will remain
B. were remaining
C. remain
D. would remain
E. had remained
Answer: D.
Chapter 5: Practice Test 4:
ADJECTIVE CLAUSES / NOUN CLAUSES
132 questions
|
2 hours
Question 1:
So far this year, we have had wonderful students, ________________
have curious minds, both at graduate and undergraduate levels.
A. whom
B. when
C. which
D. who
E. that
Answer: D.
Question 2:
An old professor ________________ students admired in our faculty died
of a heart attack last week.
A. when
B. which
C. where
D. why
E. whom
Answer: E.
Question 3:
Kathy loves to paint large shapes ________________ look as if they are
moving.
A. that
B. whose
C. with which
D. where
E. what
Answer: A.
Question 4:
The idea of “floating cities” attracts a lot of attention in Japan,
________________ has an enormous population for such a small area.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. who
E. of whose
Answer: C.
Question 5:
My parents were usually the ones ________________ picked me up first
from school.
A. where
B. who
C. whose
D.
E. which
Answer: B.
Question 6:
Our Moon is the only outer space area ________________ human beings
have actually set foot on.
A. whom
B. which
C. where
D. when
E. how
Answer: B.
Question 7:
Yesterday, I watched a father on TV ________________ teenage son had
been murdered on street in broad daylight.
A. that
B. whose
C. where
D. whom
E.
Answer: B.
Question 8:
Recycling has become extremely popular around the globe, particularly
in recent years ________________ the number of recycling plans has
increased by five times.
A. when
B. why
C. which
D. of whom
E. whose
Answer: A.
Question 9:
Being far from the epicenter of the disease was the reason
________________ Shanghai was not hit so badly by SARS.
A. of which
B. from whom
C. when
D. why
E. which
Answer: D.
Question 10:
In a small German town, a Rottweiler killed an old woman outside her
house, ________________ forced the German authorities to act against
these “wild fighting machines.”
A. that
B. where
C. who
D. -0E. which
Answer: E.
Question 11:
In Britain, ________________ collects DNA from everyone who has
committed a crime, a growing database has allowed the police to solve
many crimes more easily.
A. that
B. who
C. which
D. where
E. for whom
Answer: C.
Question 12:
Small children might be a little nervous about some sounds
________________ the adults are already familiar.
A. to that
B. of whom
C. whose
D. where
E. with which
Answer: E.
Question 13:
In today’s competitive business world, it is success ________________
matters, not the personal qualities of the individual business person.
A. that
B. whose
C. who
D. what
E.
Answer: A.
Question 14:
The terrible potato famine in Ireland ended in migration of millions
________________ wished to escape starvation.
A. whose
B. whom
C. of which
D. who
E. where
Answer: D.
Question 15:
At a time ________________ media is filled with stories of environmental
disasters, it is important to remind people, especially children, that they
can improve the situation.
A. of whose
B. then
C. when
D. with whom
E. how
Answer: C.
Question 16:
Anyone ________________ follows scientific developments even slightly
will know that many different animals have so far been cloned
successfully.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
whom
which
when
who
Answer: E.
Question 17:
We employed five staff members for our projects, each of
________________ has unique and distinguished skills.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. them
E. that
Answer: B.
Question 18:
An alcoholic can be defined as a person ________________ drinking
damages his or her adaptation to life, affecting health, personal
relationships, and work.
A. that
B. to whom
C. with which
D. when
E. whose
Answer: E.
Question 19:
I truly wish we could create a world ________________ the educational
system matches the way children learn.
A. ¡n which
B. whose
C. that
D. with whom
E. how
Answer: A.
Question 20:
The majority of the nutrients in soil ________________ are necessary to
support plant life come from decaying plants and animals.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
that
who
with which
whose
Answer: B.
Question 21:
People ________________ survive near-death experiences, such as a fire
or an emergency plane landing, frequently tell their story of the crisis
with laughter.
A. whom
B. with which
C. when
D. who
E. those
Answer: D.
Question 22:
The French scholar Gilles Kepel, ________________ documents the
failure of political Islam in his book "Jihad," makes a comparison to
communism.
A. whose
B. that
C. who
D. whom
E. with which
Answer: C.
Question 23:
The United States, ________________ popularity has declined
significantly in the last five years, has difficulty shaping public opinion
worldwide.
A. where
B. its
C. whose
D. whom
E. which
Answer: C.
Question 24:
It is always the reporters and the correspondents, but not the columnists,
________________ report the news from the war-torn areas and risk
their lives.
A. how
B. where
C. which
D. whose
E. who
Answer: E.
Question 25:
As a country, the USA is the greatest competition ________________
Europe faces in the knowledge economy.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
whom
where
with which
when
Answer: A.
Question 26:
People from mountainous regions live and work at 1,500 to 40,000
meters above the sea level, ________________ the air has less oxygen,
and it is pollution-free.
A. which
B. whose
C. why
D. where
E.
Answer: D.
Question 27:
English remained the dominant imperial language on Southern lands of
Africa until the late 19th century, ________________ the Boer War
established the predominance of Afrikaans in South Africa.
A. where
B. whom
C. with which
D. when
E. about whose
Answer: D.
Question 28:
No one is sure about the reason ________________ Sequoia Hospital was
closed off during the weekend.
A. why
B.
C. which
D. for that
E. how
Answer: A.
Question 29:
All the economic sectors of Somalia, ________________ include livestock,
agriculture, fisheries, and forest products, depend on the natural
resources of the country.
A. where
B. which
C. whom
D. whose
E. that
Answer: B.
Question 30:
Some scientists think that hallucinations are optical illusions
________________ the brain cannot understand or decode.
A. where
B. when
C. who
D. whose
E. that
Answer: E.
Question 31:
Fresh water, ________________ people can use for drinking or for
agriculture, is reserved either on the earth's surface in lakes and rivers
or underground.
A. where
B.
C. which
D. when
E. how
Answer: C.
Question 32:
Lives of Japanese people are quite tough and expensive because there are
simply too many of them on scattered islands, ________________ causes
a shortage of land.
A. who
B. why
C. which
D. when
E. where
Answer: C.
Question 33:
In 2014, there were about 7 billion people in the world, 40% of
________________ were connected to the Internet on more than 20
billion devices, all of ________________ can connect to one another and
create tremendous productivity.
A. which / them
B. who / whom
C. whom / which
D. those / that
E. them / whose
Answer: C.
Question 34:
Although we have become a society ________________ blogging, texting,
and tweeting is irresistible, we find that listening in real life is becoming
harder and harder.
A. with which
B. for whom
C. in that
D.
E. whose
Answer: B.
Question 35:
At Janice’s baby shower, her friends, very few of ________________ had
babies themselves, gave her advice ________________ they thought was
essential for nurturing.
A. whose / since
B. who/-ø
C. them / when
D. that / where
E. whom /that
Answer: E.
Question 36:
The desire to strengthen education, especially in math and the sciences,
led to the “new math” of the 1960s, ________________ even our teachers
struggled to understand.
A. which
B. that
C.
D. when
E. who
Answer: A.
Question 37:
In today’s world, the environment ________________ our children grow
up changes continually at a dazzling pace, ________________ possibly
leads to adaptation problems in children.
A. that/and
B. in which /this
C. where / which
D. for which / thus
E. -0- / whom
Answer: C.
Question 38:
The quality of the books and materials ________________ the Clark
family produced in their publishing house was not very good, so they
could not sell much.
A. whose
B. who
C. when
D.
E. where
Answer: D.
Question 39:
Nixon’s men paid the driver of Senator Ed Muskie, ________________
Nixon considered his most likely opponent in elections, to take
photographs of Muskie’s strategy documents.
A. because
B. when
C. where
D. how
E. whom
Answer: E.
Question 40:
Despite the significant progress in in-vitro fertilization techniques, there
are still couples ________________ the doctors may not be able to help.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
when
how
whose
to which
Answer: A.
Question 41:
Biotech can improve farming productivity in regions ________________
food shortages are common due to harmful insects, drought, or bad
quality soil.
A. since
B. where
C. which
D. whose
E. there
Answer: B.
Question 42:
In schools ________________ there is a lack of specialist teachers, such
as art teachers, students can participate in online lessons via video
conferencing from other schools.
A. with which
B. that
C. whom
D.
E. where
Answer: E.
Question 43:
If someone has been arrested for shoplifting more than once, they may
end up with a long criminal record, ________________ can make it
harder for them to get a job or get into college.
A. it
B. who
C. where
D. which
E. why
Answer: D.
Question 44:
Students in multinational classes respect different perspectives and
communicate more effectively with those ________________ lives,
languages, and cultures vary from their own.
A. whose
B. their
C. of whom
D. who
E. for which
Answer: A.
Question 45:
Since a “culture” involves every area of life, anthropologists seek to
immerse themselves in the culture ________________ they want to study.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
where
whom
whose
when
Answer: A.
Question 46:
Thomsen’s disease is a hereditary disorder in people ________________
causes rigidity and spasms in muscles if you try to move.
A. what
B. who
C. that
D. when
E. where
Answer: C.
Question 47:
In many parts of Europe, authorities accept students only to
comprehensive school system, ________________ all students attend the
same type of school.
A. which
B. then
C. who
D. where
E.
Answer: D.
Question 48:
It is quite common to see really unusual terms in prenuptial agreements;
i.e. agreements ________________ are made before marriage.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
who
when
of them
that
Answer: E.
Question 49:
Some of the most useful inventions have been developed by amateur
scientists ________________ simple materials and “low technology.”
A. to use
B. to have used
C. using
D. being used
E. having been used
Answer: C.
Question 50:
India started an upward movement in its economy, ________________
by its fast-developing software and business-service industries.
A. pushing
B. to be pushing
C. having pushed
D. to push
E. pushed
Answer: E.
Question 51:
The most successful tactic ________________ by others is to appear as
similar to them as possible.
A. to be liked and approved
B. to like and approve
C. to have liked and approved
D. liking and approving
E. being liked and approved
Answer: A.
Question 52:
________________ from their economic hardships, India and China are
now on the way to become two major economies in the world.
A. To be recovered
B. Having recovered
C. To recover
D. To be recovering
E. Being recovered
Answer: B.
Question 53:
Many promising scientists with an idea must find a person to help with
the money ________________ for the production of their invention.
A. needing
B. to need
C. to have needed
D. needed
E. having needed
Answer: D.
Question 54:
________________ at the same time as the Phoenicians, the Greeks were
good traders and skilled seamen.
A. Lived
B. Living
C. Being lived
D. Having been lived
E. To have lived
Answer: B.
Question 55:
The Tour de France was initially organised by a magazine, but the funds
________________ to stage it soon became too much for the magazine to
handle on its own.
A. requiring
B. having required
C. to require
D. required
E. to have required
Answer: D.
Question 56:
If you think you have an original idea, the first thing ________________
is to apply for a patent at the Patent Office.
A. doing
B. being done
C. having done
D. to do
E. to have done
Answer: D.
Question 57:
The patients ________________ I see in my clinic receive three types of
therapy, including medication, radiation, or surgery.
A.
B. where
C. whose
D. which
E. to whom
Answer: A.
Question 58:
________________ in the Sonora desert in southwestern United States,
Tucson (Arizona) may soon suffer from serious water shortages.
A. Locating
B. Having been located
C. Located
D. To locate
E. To have located
Answer: C.
Question 59:
There are many activists all over the world ________________ to stop
the farming, production, and use of genetically-altered food.
A. tried
B. to try
C. to have tried
D. having been tried
E. trying
Answer: E.
Question 60:
________________ smaller classes and stricter discipline, private schools
seem like the only way to secure a quality education for many parents.
A. To have
B. To be having
C. To have had
D. Having
E. Having had
Answer: D.
Question 61:
________________ the strongest vibrations, surface waves cause most of
the damage during earthquakes.
A. To have
B. Having
C. To be having
D. To have had
E. Having had
Answer: B.
Question 62:
________________ out to help ships in trouble, lifeboatmen often risk
their lives to save people from drowning.
A. Going
B. Having gone
C. Having been gone
D. To have gone
E. To be gone
Answer: A.
Question 63:
In reality, most robots are mechanical arms ________________ to
perform a variety of activities which are normally done by humans.
A. programming
B. having programmed
C. programmed
D. to be programming
E. to have programmed
Answer: C.
Question 64:
________________ excellent new varieties of wheat in Mexico, Dr.
Norman E. Borlaug was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 for his
work.
A. To have produced
B. To produce
C. Being produced
D. Having been produced
E. Having produced
Answer: E.
Question 65:
One of the most difficult and painful things ________________ in life is
to admit that you have made a mistake.
A. doing
B. being done
C. todo
D. to have done
E. to be done
Answer: C.
Question 66:
The common good approach, ________________ from the concept of
“common good” in the writings of Plato and Aristotle, asserts that an
individual’s own good is directly linked to the good of the community.
A. derived
B. deriving
C. having derived
D. to derive
E. to be derived
Answer: A.
Question 67:
________________ in worldly everyday problems, applied
mathematicians have managed to solve many problems that looked
impossible ten or twenty years ago.
A. To have interested
B. Having been interested
C. To be interested
D. Having interested
E. Interesting
Answer: B.
Question 68:
________________ the political power of corrupt state officials, the
Russian mafia channeled most of the IMF funds for Ukraine to
themselves.
A. To have supported
B. To be supporting
C. Supported
D. Being supported
E. Supporting
Answer: E.
Question 69:
Learning ________________ we can harness and convert energy
effectively to solve many problems that slow economic growth.
A. whether
B. what
C. when
D. how
E. whom
Answer: D.
Question 70:
After some serious issues lately, the casino owners have become a lot
more careful about ________________ they let inside their casinos.
A. that
B. whom
C. when
D. who
E. whether
Answer: B.
Question 71:
Due to a mixture of advice coming from all channels, parents are
struggling to decide ________________ advice they should follow in child
rearing.
A. when
B. why
C. whose
D. how
E. that
Answer: C.
Question 72:
My boss was bothered about ________________ I came into work a few
minutes late, and she made sarcastic comments to me all day.
A. the fact that
B. whether
C. that
D. when
E. how
Answer: A.
Question 73:
You should think about ________________ you feel most positive with
and try to create more of that in your life.
A. why
B.
C.
D.
E.
that
who
where
whom
Answer: E.
Question 74:
Choosing the right book can make all the difference in
________________ a child wants to continue to read.
A. whose
B. that
C. when
D. why
E. whether
Answer: E.
Question 75:
There has been heated debate about ________________ the film should
be allowed for children under seven.
A. whether
B. the fact that
C. if
D. how
E. which
Answer: A.
Question 76:
Small children must be allowed to draw ________________ they like for
their creativity to develop.
A. whichever
B. however
C. wherever
D. whoever
E. whenever
Answer: B.
Question 77:
No one knows for certain ________________ built the stone-circles in
Stonehenge.
A. whom
B. why
C. who
D. how
E. which
Answer: C.
Question 78:
________________ the Vikings had visited America before Columbus or
not was long a heated debate among historians.
A. Whether
B. When
C. if
D. What
E. Where
Answer: A.
Question 79:
________________ wins the election is going to have a tough job getting
the economy back on its feet.
A. Wherever
B. Whichever
C. Whomever
D. Whoever
E. However
Answer: D.
Question 80:
The key to ________________ we feel happy or unhappy after sleep lies
in sleep's psychological component: our dreams.
A. the fact that
B. whether
C. if
D. what
E. where
Answer: B.
Question 81:
It is not exactly known ________________ the whole or parts of the King
Priam's treasure are in Russia.
A. whose
B. if
C. where
D.
E. which
Answer: B.
Question 82:
I know ________________ I stand on the issue of war: I am against it
regardless of the justification.
A. that
B. whether
C. why
D. where
E. if
Answer: D.
Question 83:
By discovering ________________ learning style works best for you, you
can expand your learning capacity.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
that
which
where
how much
Answer: C.
Question 84:
Everett’s family is concerned because no news about ________________
he has been rescued after the storm has reached the village yet.
A. the fact that
B. if
C. how
D. when
E. whether
Answer: E.
Question 85:
In a brainstorming activity, the group first notes down
________________ comes to their mind freely in relation with the topic.
A. whatever
B. whichever
C. however
D. whoever
E. whenever
Answer: A.
Question 86:
The Industrial Revolution has demonstrated again and again
________________ there is virtually no limit to the amount of energy
available for our use.
A. the fact that
B. where
C. that
D. what
E. whom
Answer: A.
Question 87:
Scientists study ________________ the world functions, but there is no
scientific method to determine the way humans should behave.
A. that
B. whether or not
C. why
D. if
E. how
Answer: E.
Question 88:
After my book was published, I received not only feedback on
________________ I had already written, but also many suggestions for
possible future topics.
A. the fact that
B. what
C. whether
D. which
E. if
Answer: B.
Question 89:
The jury members had to weigh the evidence carefully to decide
________________ it was really Rebecca who pulled the trigger.
A. that
B. when
C. how
D. if
E. whom
Answer: D.
Question 90:
A core finding of their study is ________________ we are not primarily
the products of our conscious thinking.
A. whether
B. how
C. why
D. that
E. how much
Answer: D.
Question 91:
The researcher began to investigate ________________ Ricky’s reduced
emotions played a role in his decision-making failures.
A.
B. if
C. which
D. what
E. that
Answer: B.
Question 92:
The traveler was amazed by ________________ there was a beautiful
parrot in a golden cage in the caravanserai, continually repeating
"Freedom!"
A. whether
B.
C.
D.
E.
that
where
why
the fact that
Answer: E.
Question 93:
In war, ________________ side may call itself the victor, there are no
winners, but all are losers.
A. however
B. whenever
C. whichever
D. wherever
E. whomever
Answer: C.
Question 94:
An average teenager does not take into consideration ________________
smoking causes addiction easily.
A. that
B. whether
C. which
D. what
E. when
Answer: A.
Question 95:
A psychiatrist will need to rely on her own experience to understand
________________ a specific approach in psychology is helpful to her in
the long run.
A. which
B. that
C. if
D. where
E. whom
Answer: C.
Question 96:
Many countries in Europe have detailed guidelines on ________________
to educate children about traffic.
A. the fact that
B. if
C. how
D. whom
E. what
Answer: C.
Question 97:
We all have to accept ________________ certain levels of depression is
sometimes unavoidable and might even be somewhat healthy.
A. -0B. whether
C. where
D. which
E. when
Answer: A.
Question 98:
There is a growing body of evidence to support the idea
________________ most people suffer from mild forms of anxiety.
A. whether
B. that
C. why
D. if
E. what
Answer: B.
Question 99:
One question that we should perhaps ask ourselves is ________________
we really like our job, or ________________ we are doing it just for
money.
A. how / the fact that
B. what/if
C. how much / when
D. whether? whether
E. that/why
Answer: D.
Question 100:
Applied mathematicians see mathematics as an art and they don't care
much ________________ it will ever have any practical use.
A. that
B. what
C. when
D. whom
E. whether
Answer: E.
Question 101:
Throughout history, when people wished to know ________________ a
particular war was fair and justified, they asked their God, kings, and
religious authorities for the answer.
A. where
B. if
C. that
D. how
E.
Answer: B.
Question 102:
It took scientists many years to acknowledge ________________
motherly love and a strong mother-infant bond characterise all
mammals.
A. which
B. where
C. when
D. how
E. that
Answer: E.
Question 103:
Our book has sections with exercises and examples that explore
________________ parents are as a learner and ________________ they
can help their child achieve her fullest potential.
A. when/why
B. what / whom
C. if/that
D. where / how
E. whether? which
Answer: D.
Question 104:
By the early 2000s, ________________ American children were found to
be behind their international peers in academic outcomes that had
shocked the country.
A. when
B.
C. the fact that
D. whether
E. whose
Answer: C.
Question 105:
Rather than ambiguous symbols of love, a real love of our country
requires ________________ all of us take on a fair share of the burdens
of keeping the nation going.
A. that
B. why
C. whether
D. how
E. if
Answer: A.
Question 106:
Conservationists are concerned ________________ fish of breeding age,
those over eight years, are the most severely depleted in the lake.
A. where
B. which
C. how old
D. that
E. how much
Answer: D.
Question 107:
In today’s capitalist culture, the new rule is to do ________________ it
takes to make huge profits.
A. whoever
B. whichever
C. however
D. whenever
E. whatever
Answer: E.
Question 108:
Since they did not invent writing to copy spoken language, the
Sumerians were not disturbed by ________________ their script was not
suitable for writing poetry and literature.
A. if
B. the fact that
C. when
D. that
E. whose
Answer: B.
Question 109:
________________ more students from upper-class families tend to go to
university in a country is a clear evidence of inequality in education.
A. The fact that
B. Whether
C. When
D. Why
E. How many
Answer: A.
Question 110:
There is much discussion today about ________________ constant
economic growth is desirable and sustainable in the long term.
A. if
B. that
C. whether
D. which
E. how
Answer: C.
Question 111:
The effects of inflation should be discussed according to
________________ they are largely positive or largely negative.
A. the fact that
B.
C. when
D. how
E. whether
Answer: E.
Question 112:
In the mid-1800s, scientists wanted to know ________________ atoms of
different elements had different properties.
A. what
B. that
C. whose
D. why
E. where
Answer: D.
Question 113:
I am terrified to think about ________________ my parents will say
when I tell them ________________ I have failed my exams.
A. what/-ø
B. the fact that / why
C. why / whether
D. -0- / how often
E. how/that
Answer: A.
Question 114:
Recent research in Western psychology has proven ________________
practising mindfulness can have notable psychological benefits.
A. whether
B. when
C. that
D. what
E. whom
Answer: C.
Question 115:
According to the sacred text Avesta, the Iranian god Mithra could decide
________________ different periods of world history were completed.
A. whose
B. when
C. why
D. how many
E. where
Answer: B.
Question 116:
________________ hard she tries, Ruby cannot hide ________________
she feels lonely after moving here.
A. However / the fact that
B. Whatever I whether
C. Whomever I why
D. Whichever / how
E. Whenever I what
Answer: A.
Question 117:
In 1857, a majority of the Supreme Court held the opinion
________________ African-Americans could not become the fellow
citizens of white Americans.
A. that
B. of which
C. if
D. how
E. why
Answer:; A.
Question 118:
If we want a strong, long-lasting democracy, all of us have a
responsibility to ensure ________________ public education is of high
quality, and available to all.
A. if
B. where
C. what
D. that
E. how much
Answer: D.
Question 119:
________________ you find yourself struggling with emotional
discomfort or difficult thoughts, pull out your pain journal and record
that information.
A. Whichever
B. Whenever
C. Whether
D. However
E. Whomever
Answer: B.
Question 120:
________________ rich a country may be, it cannot afford to waste its
human resources and their intellectual capabilities.
A. Whatever
B. Whenever
C. Wherever
D. Whether
E. However
Answer: E.
Question 121:
________________ there is political upheaval, you will see refugees
running away to save their lives and possessions.
A. Whatever
B. However
C. Wherever
D. Whomever
E. Whichever
Answer: C.
Question 122:
When Thomas Raffles found the Buddhist temple at the Java Island, he
kept thinking about ________________ might have built it and
________________.
A. whom I where
B. whose / how
C. who / when
D. where I how much
E. that / why
Answer: C.
Question 123:
In modern biology, current methods of classifying life forms involve
checking ________________ the organism contains protoplasm in its
structure or not.
A. if
B. that
C. where
D. why
E. which
Answer: A.
Question 124:
A penguin decides ________________ it will leave water and leap onto a
rock or an iceberg depending on how much air is left in its lungs.
A. why
B. when
C. that
D. where
E. whom
Answer: B.
Question 125:
It is impossible to say ________________ species in nature will provide
us with chemicals that have extraordinary medical or economic value.
A. that
B. whose
C. where
D. which
E. why
Answer: D.
Question 126:
________________ some sounds and structures may be difficult to
produce for non-native speakers is a difficulty faced by every language
learner.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Whether
How
Where
The fact that
Answer: E.
Question 127:
The interesting point about the Chauvet cave from the Stone Age was
________________ the images of predatory and dangerous animals far
outnumbered the images of horses, bison, and deer.
A. the fact that
B. if
C. when
D. whose
E. how many
Answer: A.
Question 128:
One factor that helps desert plants to survive is ________________ their
life cycles are short, and only a small amount of rain is enough to
support this cycle.
A. whether
B. whose
C. that
D. when
E. why
Answer: C.
Question 129:
Those who criticise the obsession on constant economic growth argue
________________ society will inevitably reach certain limits on growth.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
if
whether
whose
that
which
Answer: D.
i8njnh
Question 130:
________________ the citizens feel free to voice their opinions is the
greatest indicator of ________________ strong the democracy is in a
given country.
A. How much / whether
B. Whether? how
C. When / the fact that
D. Why?-ø
E. The fact that ? what
Answer: B.
Question 131:
Vivian had so many pets at home that her children faced the problem of
________________ would look after her pets during her stay in hospital.
A. the fact that
B. whether
C. whom
D. how to
E. who
Answer: E.
Question 132:
Human resources experts say ________________ somebody has the right
qualities for a job usually becomes obvious at the beginning of an
interview.
A. when
B.
C.
D.
E.
what
whether
who
that
Answer: C.
Chapter 6: Practice Test 5:
LINKERS (ADVERBIAL CLAUSES /
CONJUNCTIONS)
112 questions
|
2 hours
Question 1:
Aspirin is an effective pain reliever and it is cheap. ________________,
its side effects are relatively mild.
A. Nonetheless
B. Therefore
C. To illustrate
D. Moreover
E. Specifically
Answer: D.
Question 2:
Carnegie Hall was partly sold to commercial businesses
________________ attract more visitors.
A. provided that
B. because of
C. so as to
D. though
E. as
Answer: C.
Question 3:
________________ friendly the hosts are, there are simply some houses
where it feels impossible to relax.
A. The more
B. Although
C. Because
D. Despite
E. However
Answer: E.
Question 4:
Your teacher will be only 10 minutes late. ________________, you can
get on with the math worksheet you were given yesterday.
A. By contrast
B. Otherwise
C. In the meantime
D. Moreover
E. In other words
Answer: C.
Question 5:
Sailors and criminals are similar to tribal societies ________________
tattooing is a tradition among both.
A. despite the fact that
B. in that
C. as though
D. except that
E. only if
Answer: B.
Question 6:
Ambulances carry morphine as the strongest painkiller
________________ someone is severely burned or trapped in a wreck.
A. now that
B. as soon as
C. or else
D. in case
E. unless
Answer: D.
Question 7:
The strong wind was tossing around uprooted trees and rooftops
________________ they were children’s toys.
A. as though
B. in spite of the fact that
C. as long as
D. such as
E. since
Answer: A.
Question 8:
Today, more and more people are having to learn to spend less and to
spend wisely ________________ the hard times we are experiencing.
A. since
B. apart from
C. like
D. in order to
E. due to
Answer: E.
Question 9:
________________ graphite and diamond are exactly the same in
chemical composition, they are entirely different substances.
A. When
B. As
C. So that
D. Although
E. So long as
Answer: D.
Question 10:
McCoy played very well after he was introduced to the game.
________________, he finished as the top scorer!
A. Conversely
B. Indeed
C. Or else
D. Similarly
E. In addition
Answer: B.
Question 11:
Trucks travelling at higher speeds reach markets more quickly,
________________ saving both the businesses and consumers money.
A. despite
B. thanks to
C. thereby
D. except for
E. like
Answer: C.
Question 12:
________________ the emphasis on skill rather than strength, women’s
football is remarkably similar to men’s football.
A. On account of
B. As regards
C. In case of
D. Apart from
E. Whatever
Answer: D.
Question 13:
A DNA fingerprint is different from a conventional fingerprint
________________ it is not completely unique to a given person.
A. in that
B. in spite of the fact that
C. asif
D. unless
E. on condition that
Answer: A.
Question 14:
In modern culture, we are ________________ afraid of and allergic to
regret ________________ we often don't even want to talk about it, let
alone admit it.
A. not only / but also
B. either / or
C. so/that
D. as / as
E. such / as
Answer: C.
Question 15:
China is now ________________ a large player in the global economy
________________ its health has direct effects on that of the global
system at large.
A. so/that
B. no sooner / than
C. both/and
D. neither / nor
E. such / that
Answer: E.
Question 16:
________________ you find yourself waiting in a cashier or ticket line, I
recommend that you observe how people use their personal zones or
spaces.
A. However
B. Even if
C. Seeing that
D. The next time
E. If only
Answer: D.
Question 17:
A small cut in interest rates will give a small boost to the economy.
________________, recovery is likely to be rather slow.
A. In contrast
B. Even so
C. As a consequence
D. Also
E. Actually
Answer: B.
Question 18:
Poor health is accepted as an attribute of normal ageing.
________________, youth is depicted as a time of vitality and good
health.
A. Consequently
B. Conversely
C. What’s more
D. In particular
E. That is
Answer: B.
Question 19:
There has been a significant increase in the number of suicides within
the police force ________________ they work under enormous pressure.
A. though
B. for fear that
C. until
D. so long as
E. due to the fact that
Answer: E.
Question 20:
The number of wild cats has increased drastically in the area, and the
number of wild birds has dropped ________________.
A. supposedly
B. though
C. correspondingly
D. even so
E. particularly
Answer: C.
Question 21:
An average man doing average work has to obtain about 3,000 calories
________________ adequate energy to perform his job.
A. with respect to having
B. in case of having
C. in order to have
D. apart from having
E. as if to have
Answer: C.
Question 22:
The force of a volcanic eruption can blow down giant trees
________________ they were matchsticks, and it can kill all the
vegetation around.
A. in spite of the fact that
B. owing to the fact that
C. in order that
D. as though
E. supposing that
Answer: D.
Question 23:
Burning fossil fuels uses oxygen and produces carbon dioxide,
________________ growing trees use carbon dioxide and produce
oxygen.
A. for
B. so that
C. whereas
D. just as
E. provided that
Answer: C.
Question 24:
The fishermen looked very well-prepared ________________ they had
inappropriate clothing with them for the weekend’s rainy weather.
A. except that
B. due to the fact that
C. for fear that
D. as long as
E. when
Answer: A.
Question 25:
Until the 1960s, most scientists were of the opinion that, as a category, all
organisms belonged to ________________ the plant ________________
the animal kingdom.
A. neither / nor
B. either / or
C. only/not
D. such as / and
E. not only / but also
Answer: B.
Question 26:
Many people from traditional societies favor large families and thus have
many children ________________ in their old age.
A. so as to be supported
B. as if to be supported
C. apart from being supported
D. in case of being supported
E. with respect to being supported
Answer: A.
Question 27:
The stink bug, which was accidentally brought from Asia, has no natural
predators in the USA, and ________________ its population is rising
fast.
A. still
B. meanwhile
C. especially
D. in the same way
E. thus
Answer: E.
Question 28:
The Searson Company has arranged to have another meeting in 10 days,
but ________________ the crisis is getting more and more serious.
A. meanwhile
B. correspondingly
C. in particular
D. namely
E. actually
Answer: A.
Question 29:
Reaching the stars in a reasonable time will require a very high speed
and an enormous amount of energy, ________________ we do it.
A. in case
B. no matter how
C. in order that
D. if only
E. when
Answer: B.
Question 30:
Immigrants cannot be considered exploiters of government services.
________________, they constitute a new source of income for the
government.
A. Hence
B. Besides
C. In other words
D. Accordingly
E. On the contrary
Answer: E.
Question 31:
Interested in ________________ money and fame ________________
power, Socrates walked the streets of Athens simply educating people in
the 5th century BC.
A. not only! but also
B. neither! nor
C. such ! as
D. so much! like
E. either! or
Answer: B.
Question 32:
In many countries, foot racing is seen ________________ as a
competitive sport, ________________ as a way to exercise and to enjoy
the company of like-minded people.
A. neither / nor
B. such I also
C. like/or
D. not only / but also
E. more than / just
Answer: D.
Question 33:
Humanity’s invention of agriculture could have been possible only
________________ a highly long, unexpected period of stable
temperature.
A. thanks to
B. as
C. in spite of
D. but for
E. in case of
Answer: A.
Question 34:
________________ whether women’s language differs from men’s
language, we should first take a look at how we define language.
A. Thanks to understanding
B. Except for understanding
C. In order to understand
D. Just as understanding
E. As if to understand
Answer: C.
Question 35:
The police think that the robbers ________________ had a key
________________ were allowed in by someone from inside, since there
is no sign of forced entry to the shop.
A. neither! nor
B. only / since
C. either / or
D. probably / and not
E. both/and
Answer: C.
Question 36:
As a general rule, you should make careful notes of the questions you
want to ask beforehand. ________________, you will definitely forget one
or two during the interview.
A. Or else
B. Nevertheless
C. Thereby
D. Besides
E. For instance
Answer: A.
Question 37:
Married doctorate students arriving here with their families face
particular difficulties ________________ finding suitable
accommodation at reasonable prices.
A. in spite of
B. but for
C. in case of
D. with regard to
E. as
Answer: D.
Question 38:
Immigration policies must be carefully designed ________________ they
address human needs and remain sensitive to accepting any newcomers.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
despite the fact that
before
or else
only if
in order that
Answer: E.
Question 39:
Hellen Keller had ________________ left-leaning opinions
________________ the FBI chief Edgar Hoover saw her with suspicion
and kept a file on her.
A. both/and
B. so/that
C. neither / nor
D. either / or
E. such / that
Answer: E.
Question 40:
Tabloid, or popular newspaper, readers ________________ have much
time ________________ can read as fast as 'quality' newspaper readers,
but they enjoy reading.
A. neither / nor
B. not only / but also
C. usually / therefore
D. no sooner / than
E. especially / and accordingly
Answer: A.
Question 41:
The availability of accurate information ________________ the current
sale figures helps marketing department to respond to consumers'
preferences.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
due to
with respect to
except for
despite
in addition to
Answer: B.
Question 42:
There are many threats to sustainable agriculture today. However,
organic production techniques, ________________ crop rotation, can
reduce some of the risks in the long term.
A. in spite of
B. due to
C. as for
D. particularly
E. as
Answer: D.
Question 43:
Our fishing camp has 20 different fishing locations, all with different
characteristics, ________________ the frustrations, or joys, encountered
one day will not be repeated the next.
A. even though
B. as
C. so that
D. as though
E. if
Answer: C.
Question 44:
Chinese could be read by people in all parts of the country
________________ constant changes in pronunciation and gradual
modification of characters.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
thanks to
as to
in spite of
apart from
just like
Answer: C.
Question 45:
At certain times during the night, a sleeper’s eyeballs move rapidly
beneath closed eyelids ________________ the person is watching moving
images.
A. despite
B. as if
C. once
D. besides
E. although
Answer: B.
Question 46:
From the marketing standpoint, it is vital to keep the name of a product
in front of the public. ________________, sales will inevitably fall.
A. Furthermore
B. Therefore
C. However
D. Otherwise
E. Instead
Answer: D.
Question 47:
Governments develop necessary legislation to be seen concerned and
responsive to public opinion ________________ the dangers of the
Internet.
A. despite
B.
C.
D.
E.
thanks to
in case of
even though
as regards
Answer: E.
Question 48:
Humans need some levels of stress in order to function well.
________________, too much stress can have devastating effects on one’s
health.
A. On the other hand
B. Therefore
C. As a result
D. On the contrary
E. Besides
Answer: A.
Question 49:
Energy efficient sources of fuel have become very important
________________ the rising costs and decreasing supply of fossil fuels.
A. regardless of
B. while
C. on account of
D. in spite of
E. even though
Answer: C.
Question 50:
Acupuncture, relaxation techniques, and herbs can make
________________ cancer ________________ its long and painful
treatment more bearable for the patient.
A. either / or
B. so/that
C. both/and
D. whether / or
E. such / as
Answer: C.
Question 51:
Desertification mainly affects three areas of the African continent,
________________, Mediterranean Africa, the Sudano-Sahelian region,
and south of the Sudano-Sahelian.
A. otherwise
B. namely
C. regardless
D. such as
E. consequently
Answer: B.
Question 52:
Opponents to the IMF believe that it should be abolished completely
________________ it causes nothing but suffering to its developing
members.
A. until
B. whereas
C. before
D. thus
E. on the grounds that
Answer: E.
Question 53:
As a defence mechanism, speed is not very important for some animals.
________________, speed might even be counterproductive in certain
situations.
A. Indeed
B. On the other hand
C. Furthermore
D. Nevertheless
E. Otherwise
Answer: A.
Question 54:
In the old days, potatoes, carrots, and turnips were very popular among
people, ________________ they could be stored all winter before the
invention of refrigerators.
A. whereas
B. no matter
C. whenever
D. for
E. in contrast
Answer: D.
Question 55:
Familiar routines reinforce a child's sense of security.
________________, such routines strengthen the feeling that nothing bad
can happen to her.
A. However
B. Accordingly
C. Specifically
D. To put it differently
E. By contrast
Answer: D.
Question 56:
When linguists study a new language, they often compare it to their own,
and ________________ they gain a better understanding of both the new
language and their own language.
A. consequently
B. in case
C. otherwise
D. specifically
E. after
Answer: A.
Question 57:
Originally founded in Paris, France, Surrealism soon reached a
worldwide audience, flourishing ________________ in the United States
during World War II.
A. thereby
B. most notably
C. though
D. thanks to
E. besides
Answer: B.
Question 58:
Turkey’s attempt to start a nuclear program came ________________
the developed world stopped building new nuclear plants and went for
cleaner and safer energy options.
A. on the grounds that
B. on the contrary
C. just as
D. otherwise
E. consequently
Answer: C.
Question 59:
As a species, human beings are highly territorial. ________________,
they are highly concerned with the ownership of the personal area
around them.
A. However
B. Furthermore
C. Or else
D. As though
E. That is to say
Answer: E.
Question 60:
I don't expect the prices to go up anytime soon, but, ________________, I
don't think they will go down, either.
A. by the same token
B. on the contrary
C. as a result
D. to exemplify
E. that is
Answer: A.
Question 61:
________________ what the causes might be, mental illnesses are
becoming extremely widespread in today’s modern world.
A. On condition that
B. Just as
C. Except that
D. Because of
E. No matter
Answer: E.
Question 62:
An actor is expected to perform well on stage ________________ she is
not in a good mood.
A. since
B. even if
C. before
D. except that
E. as long as
Answer: B.
Question 63:
I have serious difficulties controlling my temper. I can get
________________ angry and aggressive ________________ my face
turns red instantly.
A. so/that
B. both/and
C. neither / nor
D. however / so
E. so as /then
Answer: A.
Question 64:
________________ the laws of nature, there will always be species that
cannot survive and, hence, will die off.
A. As for
B. Except for
C. Like
D. Owing to
E. In case of
Answer: D.
Question 65:
________________ two football fields and one basketball court, there are
no sports facilities in Ashton town.
A. In spite of
B. Except for
C. Dueto
D. With regard to
E. Most notably
Answer: B.
Question 66:
________________ cheap tin cans and plastic containers took their place,
glass bottles became less and less popular.
A. For fear that
B. Until
C. As
D. Or else
E. In case
Answer: C.
Question 67:
I haven’t always lived here. ________________, I’ve only lived here for
the last two years.
A. Still
B. As a matter of fact
C. Thus
D. Likewise
E. In particular
Answer: B.
Question 68:
Many big cities all over the world face a big crisis ________________
they are running out of space to dump waste.
A. since
B. so that
C. even though
D. as if
E. as a consequence
Answer: A.
Question 69:
Ted has to leave at the end of the weekend. ________________, he is a
little anxious to get his work finished.
A. However
B. In addition
C. Hence
D. Similarly
E. Indeed
Answer: C.
Question 70:
Depression and anxiety make it difficult to really speak your mind,
________________ others will not like you.
A. although
B. in order that
C. just as
D. if
E. for fear that
Answer: D.
Question 71:
There is not much to see in Middleton ________________ a small park
by the lake.
owing to
as
despite
but for
with respect to
Answer: D.
Question 72:
I don’t have a job at the moment. ________________, I’ve never had a
job in my entire life.
A. On the other hand
B. In fact
C. Therefore
D. Meanwhile
E. Especially
Answer: B.
Question 73:
I see and talk to Kevin quite frequently. ________________, I talked to
him just two days ago.
A. Especially
B. In the meantime
C. What’s more
D. As a matter of fact
E. Even so
Answer: D.
Question 74:
I admit that I could have tried harder to convince the committee.
________________, I don’t think all this criticism is fair.
A. As a result
B. Also
C. Still
D. For instance
E. To put it differently
Answer: C.
Question 75:
________________ are fruit and vegetables becoming more expensive,
________________ they are also becoming hard to find.
A. Not only / but
B. No sooner / than
C. As/as
D. Either / or
E. So/that
Answer: A.
Question 76:
People who live in that specific area should buy their own insurance,
________________ they cannot live there at all.
A. besides
B. or else
C. in contrast
D. in the same way
E. actually
Answer: B.
Question 77:
I never said the play was exciting. ________________, it was so boring
that I fell asleep halfway through.
A. However
B. Accordingly
C. Furthermore
D. To exemplify
E. On the contrary
Answer: E.
Question 78:
________________ angry we get, there is something that stops us from
taking our aggression out on others.
A. While
B. Because
C. After
D. Suppose that
E. However
Answer: E.
Question 79:
People who view cheating as a natural way of getting ahead of others do
not care about anyone else ________________ themselves.
A. but for
B. thanks to
C. as to
D. such as
E. despite
Answer: A.
Question 80:
Genetically engineered foods can indeed offer lots of benefits to our lives.
________________, they could help solve the problem of hunger all over
the world.
A. On the other hand
B. Regardless
C. In addition
D. To illustrate
E. Correspondingly
Answer: D.
Question 81:
Americans eat a lot of meat but only a small amount of grains, fruit, and
vegetables. In Japan, ________________, people eat large amounts of
grains and very little meat.
A. by contrast
B. hence
C. meanwhile
D. similarly
E. actually
Answer: A.
Question 82:
Real detectives, ________________ in Britain ________________ the
United States, cannot see much resemblance between their real lives and
what they see on TV.
A. rather/than
B. neither / nor
C. such as / than
D. both/and
E. so/that
Answer: D.
Question 83:
In poor countries, a single individual produces less than half a kilogram
of waste each day ________________, in the developed world, each
person can generate 2 kg of garbage daily.
A. when
B. on the contrary
C. while
D. despite
E. on account of
Answer: C.
Question 84:
________________ a person cannot be divided into a mind and a body,
most studies of personality have concentrated on the mind, neglecting the
body.
A. Despite the fact that
B. By the time
C. In spite of
D. Besides
E. As soon as
Answer: A.
Question 85:
Blood in the arteries appears bright red because of oxygen.
________________, blood in the veins has a purplish colour because it is
no longer carrying a supply of oxygen.
A. Similarly
B. In contrast
C. otherwise
D. Moreover
E. Indeed
Answer: B.
Question 86:
Television and video games can provide almost everyone with good
entertainment. ________________, there are several serious
disadvantages to too much visual media.
A. Likewise
B. That is to say
C. Consequently
D. By the same token
E. Nevertheless
Answer: E.
Question 87:
Due to a negative personality trait, a person can soon be labelled in a
humiliating way. ________________, a person's dominant physical traits
may generate unpleasant nicknames.
A. In particular
B. However
C. In other words
D. For instance
E. Likewise
Answer: E.
Question 88:
________________ huge investments from the government, the villagers
still found it difficult to adapt to the financial hardships caused by the
closure of the factory.
A. Until
B. Despite
C. As
D. Because of
E. As well as
Answer: B.
Question 89:
The male role in society requires man to appear tough, ambitious, and
unemotional. ________________, men showing love and affection, or
crying, are considered unmanly.
A. In particular
B. Despite
C. Namely
D. Meanwhile
E. Accordingly
Answer: E.
Question 90:
________________ the arrival of refugees changed American science
during World War II, women and minority groups will surely influence
the research priorities and the ethos of science in the USA.
A. Owing to the fact that
B. When
C. Even if
D. Just as
E. In case
Answer: D.
Question 91:
Music has a powerful influence on the creation of emotions and moods.
________________, it provides a form of non-verbal communication
whose message cannot be expressed in words.
A. However
B. Otherwise
C. Furthermore
D. Instead
E. To illustrate
Answer: C.
Question 92:
________________ they have computers with extraordinary computing
power, mathematicians are solving problems that they could never solve
a few years ago.
A. By the time
B. Although
C. Now that
D. So that
E. Until
Answer: C.
Question 93:
The number of uninsured cars is likely to rise and the cost to the
industry will probably increase, ________________ pushing insurance
prices up even further.
A. thereby
B. since
C. before
D. while
E. as if
Answer: A.
Question 94:
Obviously, there is a great imbalance in energy consumption around the
world. ________________, China with about 1.4 billion inhabitants uses
less electricity in total than the USA uses for air-conditioning alone.
A. In contrast
B. For instance
C. Also
D. Conversely
E. That is
Answer: B.
Question 95:
________________ the Amish and the kibbutz communities are slowly
converging toward common grounds, they will probably forever remain,
geographically and philosophically, worlds apart.
A. Seeing that
B. In case
C. Once
D. So that
E. Even though
Answer: E.
Question 96:
Rapid population growth influences almost every aspect of everyday life.
________________, high population means a pressing need for more
land, housing and industry.
A. However
B. Otherwise
C. On the contrary
D. In fact
E. After that
Answer: D.
Question 97:
________________ across countries, young Europeans prefer to use their
own language.
A. Travelled
B. Travelling
C. Having travelled
D. Having been travelled
E. Upon travelling
Answer: B.
Explanation
While travelling = Travelling
Question 98:
________________ from war, Sergeant Kropp needed a whole two
months before he was back on his feet again.
A. Returned
B. Having been returned
C. To have returned
D. Being returned
E. Having returned
Answer: E.
Explanation
After he returned = Having returned...
Question 99:
________________ no athletic scholarship, Jesse Owens paid his college
fees at Ohio State University working as an elevator operator.
A. Had
B. Having been had
C. Having
D. Before having
E. To have had
Answer: C.
Explanation
Because he had no... = Having no...
Question 100:
________________ the children for several hundred hours, the
psychologist, Laura Ann Pettito, and her assistants made many
important observations.
A. Watched and videotaped
B. Watching and videotaping
C. Having been watched and videotaped
D. Being watched and videotaped
E. Before watching and videotaping
Answer: B.
Question 101:
________________ thick hair on the pads of its feet, the Arctic Fox can
walk easily on the ice.
A. Had
B. Having had
C. To have
D. Having
E. While having
Answer: D.
Question 102:
________________ the most promising new technologies, Yamada felt he
was ready to design a digital camera like no other before.
A. Having reviewed
B. Reviewed
C. Having been reviewed
D. Before reviewing
E. Being reviewed
Answer: A.
Question 103:
________________ with implicit messages from the visual media, some
people may become dissatisfied with the reality of their own lives.
A. Bombarding
B. Having bombarded
C. To have bombarded
D. To be bombarded
E. Bombarded
Answer: E.
Question 104:
________________ to swim and feed themselves sometime between
December and February, the penguin chicks feel ready to leave their
parents.
A. Learning
B. Learned
C. To have learned
D. Having been learned
E. Being learned
Answer: A.
Question 105:
________________ by the European governments, the Esperanto
language died down shortly after World War II.
A. Not supporting
B. Not having been supported
C. Not to support
D. Not having supported
E. Not to have supported
Answer: B.
Question 106:
________________ fewer brain circuits, more intelligent brains actually
use less energy.
A. Using
B. To have used
C. Used
D. Having been used
E. Having used
Answer: A.
Question 107:
________________ Jules Verne’s From Earth to the Moon, Hermann
Oberth became determined to find a way to travel to space.
A. Read
B. Being read
C. Having read
D. To read
E. Having been read
Answer: C.
Question 108:
________________ at by their peers when they attempt to make jokes,
many young kids cannot develop a sense of humour.
A. Laughing
B. Having laughed
C. While laughing
D. Being laughed
E. Before laughing
Answer: D.
Question 109:
________________ people from different countries to communicate,
spice trade has made the world smaller and affected world history.
A. Forced
B. To force
C. Forcing
D. Being forced
E. Having been forced
Answer: C.
Question 110:
________________ Abroad for more than 20 years, Gandhi returned to
India and entered politics there.
A. Worked
B. Before working
C. To work
D. Having worked
E. Having been worked
Answer: D.
Question 111:
________________ in so many different ways in so many different
cultures, “sauce” is indeed a food item that is hard to define.
A. Using
B. To use
C. Having used
D. Since using
E. Used
Answer: E.
Question 112:
________________ to use their right hands to write, children who
naturally started using their left hands soon forgot to do so in the old
days.
A. Forcing
B.
C.
D.
E.
After forcing
Having been forced
To have been forced
Having forced
Answer: C.