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General Chemistry 1 Module 1
Science Technology Information Technology (Polytechnic University of the Philippines)
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1st Semester - Module 1
WEEK 1
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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the Development and Quality
Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping the learners meet the standards set by the
K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to
keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore,
you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and
independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the
learning resource while being an active learner.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a
separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your
teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
Let’s Learn
You have learnt about the basic concepts of matter in your Junior High School course. For this
module you will learn more about matter and its various forms. The knowledge you will gain about their
properties will help you separate one matter from another.
This module has the following lessons:
 Lesson 1: Matter and Its Various Forms
 Lesson 2: Methods of Separating Mixtures
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
use properties of matter to identify substances and to separate them;
describe various simple separation techniques such as distillation and chromatography;
recognize the formula of common chemical substances; and
compare consumer products on the basis of their components for use, safety, quality and
cost.
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Let’s Try
PRE-ASSESSMENT. Directions: Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of these is the BEST reason to explain why matter has mass and takes up space?
A. All matter is heavy.
B. The Earth is made up of matter.
C. All matter is being pulled to the center.
D. Matter is composed of tiny particles that have mass and take up space.
2. What happens to the particles of liquids when exposed to heat?
A. get bigger
B. lose mass
C. move faster
D. slow down
3. Which of the following refers to the amount of matter in a given space?
A. Combustibility B. Density
C. Reactivity
D. Malleability
4. Which of these refers to the ability of two or more substances to combine and form one or more
new substances?
A. Combustibility B. Density
C. Reactivity
D. Malleability
5. A pitcher and glass both contain milk. The pitcher holds approximately 1.8 liter and the glass will
hold about 16 ounces of milk. Which property of matter is being depicted in this scenario?
A. Chemical
B. Extensive
C. Intensive
D. Physical
6. What substance is composed of two or more kinds of atoms that are bonded chemically?
A. element
B. compound
C. homogeneous
D. heterogeneous
7. Which of these is NOT considered as pure substances?
A. air
B. carbon dioxide
C. nitrogen
D. pure gold
8. A beaker contains both alcohol and water. Which property do these liquids differ that is the best
reason for these two to be separated through distillation?
A. density
B. boiling points C. particle size D. solubilities
9. Which separating technique will be BEST used to separate components of a mixture based on the
ability of each component to be drawn across the surface of another material?
A. Crystallization
C. Condensation
B. Centrifugation
D. Chromatography
10.Joel accidentally poured a green liquid into a beaker of water in the laboratory. The green liquid
appears to be immiscible in water and is denser. What must he use to separate the liquids?
A. filter funnel
B. distilling flask C. separating funnel
D. sieve
11. Which of these techniques is BEST used to separate a mixture of two immiscible liquids like oil and
water?
A. Centrifugation B. Filtration
C. Hand sorting D. Sieving
12. What do you call the products that are bought individually or by households for personal use?
A. personal
B. individual
C. consumer
D. convenience
13.What term refers to the measure of energy a body gets from a serving of food.
A. calorie
B. kilogram
C. daily value
D. serving size
14. How would you know if a serving of food is low or high in nutrient content?
A. calorie
B. nutrient info
C. serving size D. % daily value
15. Which of these is a part of a product label?
A. brand name
B. packaging size
C. A only
D. Both A and B
Access the pre-assessment in the link below:
https://forms.gle/mMKgnTeBKk5EkjDp6
(Please note that an updated school link will be given by your subject teacher to access the preassessment file.)
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Lesson
1
Matter and Its Various
Forms
Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. It is everywhere. It is important
to learn more about matter to help us understand how things work around us.
Let’s Recall
Word Hunt.
A O
S O
D S
F E
G L
H U
J C
I E
Y L
Y O
R M
T Q
I W
O Q
1.
2.
W
E
T
T
A
M
A
V
P
Q
Z
A
Q
W
U N I V E R S I T I A T
P K P R O P E R T Y O T
U O K N O R X T T Y L P
U P G R I
L T Q U S T H
P S T U D Y E F E U D Y
A T T E R R N R N A N S
T O N E R W S U S T A I
I S N E T N I D E F G C
V U O M L K V C H J I A
R S T N C H E M I C A L
X C V B N M K Y N A T R
S E S S W T I O R N I P
E D I L O S A B C I O N
R R Y M N C V B D D W O
M C U
G T E
F Y I
B R B
P N U
X Y Z
R T U
P U P
T O M
Q C A
S D A
R D F
S A B
N S W
Highlight the
following
words:
1. Matter
2. Property
3. Physical
4. Chemical
5. Extensive
6. Intensive
7. Atom
8. Molecules
9. Ions
10. Solid
Define each term using your own words.
Write a comprehensive statement/s using at least five (5) of the terms highlighted.
Let’s Explore
Composition intensive
atoms
States
solid
liquid
physical
chemical
Matter
molecules
gas
ions
Properties
extensive
A. Create a concept map using the terms in the box above.
B. Read and answer the following questions. Write your answers in a complete sentence.
1. What did you do first to come up with your concept map?
2. What made you decide which terms go together?
3. With your concept map, define what is Matter.
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Let’s Elaborate
Chemistry is an active and emerging branch of science, which has vital importance
both in nature and the society. It is also known as the study of matter, its composition, and the
changes it undergoes. If you are to think of anything that does not involve products and
processes of chemistry, you might find it hard to do so. This only means that chemistry is
everywhere; technically, it involves everything (Mustoe et al. 2011). In this lesson, you will
learn the different components of matter and its properties to enable us to identify one form of
matter to another.
Composition and States of Matter
By definition, matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. We know that
every matter is composed of particles that allows it to have such characteristics. Matter is
composed mainly of atoms, molecules, and ions. Atoms are considered the smallest particles
that make up matter. Once these atoms interact together, they will form molecules. Ions are
particles that have charges, which has something to do with the subatomic particle electron.
The arrangements of these particles give way to the formation of different states of matter (see
Table 1.1). Under different conditions, a given matter exists in different states. (Chang and
Goldsby 2016; Licuanan 2016)
Table 1.1: States of Matter
States of Matter Definition
Solid
Particles are closely packed, has definite volume and shape.
Liquid
Particles are slightly loose, acquires the shape of its container.
Gas
Particles are very far apart, has no definite volume and shape
Plasma
A mixture of positive ions and free electrons that needs high temperature
to charge it up thus allowing us to see it.
Bose-Einstein
Composed of particles that are cooled to a temperature very close to
Condensate
absolute zero.
Properties of Matter
By observing different matters around us, we can see how one differs from the other.
Through these observations we can easily describe matter. The characteristics you used to
describe matter is called properties. Properties of matter can be categorized as physical,
chemical, extensive, or intensive (see Table 1.2). (Flowers et al. 2018; Mustoe et al. 2011).
Table 1.2: Properties of Matter
Property
Definition
Physical Property
Characteristics of matter that can be observed and measured without
changing its composition. Examples: mass, volume, density
Chemical Property Characteristics that you can observe when there is change in the
composition of matter. Examples: reactivity, combustibility
Extensive Property Characteristics that are dependent on the amount of matter present.
Examples: mass, volume, length
Intensive Property
Characteristics that are independent on the amount of matter present.
Examples: boiling point, melting point
Classification of Matter
Based on composition and properties, matter can be classified into two groups: pure
substance and mixture. A pure substance is a classification of matter that has definite
composition and distinct properties. It is further classified into elements and compounds. An
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element is a substance that is made up of one kind of atom; thus, it cannot be broken down
into simpler substance by chemical means. When these elements combine chemically with
one another, they will form compounds. Compounds are pure substances made up of only
one kind of molecule but composed of two or more atoms of elements that are combined
chemically in fixed proportions. (Chang and Goldsby, 2016; Ebbing and Gammon, 2009). See
Table 1.3 for examples of elements and common compounds with their chemical formulas.
Table 1.3: Examples of Pure Substances
Elements
Name
Symbol
Name
aluminum
Al
acetic acid
bromine
Br
acetone
calcium
Ca
boric acid
carbon
C
ethanol
fluorine
F
sodium chloride
gold
Au
sodium hydroxide
Compounds
Common Name
vinegar
nail polish remover
roach killer (solid)
ethyl alcohol
table salt
lye
Chemical Formula
CH3COOH
CH3COCH3
H3BO3
CH3CH2OH
NaCl
NaOH
Another major classification of matter is mixture. Mixtures are physical combinations
of two or more pure substances. The substances that are mixed retain their individual
properties and these components can occur in different proportions. Unlike pure substances,
components of a mixture can be separated by physical means. Mixtures are further classified
as either homogeneous or heterogeneous. Homogeneous mixture is a mixture in which
components are well blended that you may see it as just one substance. Heterogeneous
mixture, on the other hand, is not uniform in appearance. (Chang and Goldsby, 2016).
Consumer Products
Although we may not realize it but every day, we encounter different chemical
compounds inside and outside our home. There are some people who are afraid to use
chemicals; however, we cannot change the fact that chemicals are all around us, and we
cannot avoid them. A chemical is a compound prepared and purified to be used for different
purposes. These chemicals are available in different household products that we use. If we
look at the labels of these products, we could read the chemicals that make up the product.
But the question is, do you read product labels? Are you aware of the substances that are
included in your products?
Consumer products, or final goods, are products that
are bought individually or by households for personal use. The
most important products that we buy, use, and need every day
are food products and cleaning products. Both are widely bought
especially in trying times, so it is best that we give some time in
reading the product labels for us to compare their components
for use, safety, quality, and cost. Product labels provide
information about the product that will help assist consumers in
their purchasing decisions. These labels must be clear and
understandable for consumers to be informed well.
Figure 1.1 (left) is an example of Nutrition Facts from a
biscuit product that we all enjoy. Looking at it closely we may see
its different parts. The Serving Information shows you the
serving sizes per package in familiar units such as cups, pieces,
or grams. Calories section provides how much energy you will
get when you consume a serving of the product.
The Nutrients section show you some important
Figure 1.1: A scanned
nutrients that will greatly impact your health. Use this section of
Nutrition Facts of a biscuit
the label to know which food contains the nutrients you want to
product
have more and which you want to have less. If you want to know
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if a serving of food is low or high in a nutrient all you must do is to look at the % Daily Value
part of the label. (US FDA n.d.).
The ingredients section is also important for you to evaluate. Being familiar with the
different compounds that are good for your health, as well as those that are bad, will give you
a better view of the quality of the product you are to buy. Comparing one food product to
another through these parts of the food label is a good habit to form.
Let’s Dig In
ACTIVITY 1
Directions: Label the following properties as chemical, physical, extensive, or intensive. One
item may have two answers.
1. color - _______________________
6. state of matter - ______________________
2. acidity - ______________________
7. density - ____________________________
3. length - ______________________
8. shape - _____________________________
4. malleability -___________________
9. combustibility - _______________________
5. toxicity - ______________________
10. luster - _____________________________
ACTIVITY 2
Directions: Classify the following as pure substance or mixture. If it is a pure substance,
identify if it is an element or a compound. If it is a mixture, identify if it is homogeneous or
heterogeneous. An example is given for your reference.
Example: Muddy water – Mixture / Heterogeneous
1. sand - _________________________
2. titanium - _______________________
3. black coffee - ____________________
4. soda - _________________________
5. sucrose - _______________________
6. sodium bicarbonate - ___________________
7. rocky road ice cream - __________________
8. brass - ______________________________
9. iron - _______________________________
10. blood - _____________________________
ACTIVITY 3
Directions: Complete the tasks below.
A. Acquire a food label and name the parts of the label. Attach it in a clean short bond paper.
B. Guide Questions. Answer the following based on the food label you acquired.
1. How many calories will you get when you eat one serving of the food product?
2. How many calories will you get when you eat the whole serving?
3. Which of the nutrients seen in the food label must you consume the most? Which must
be consumed less? Why?
Let’s Remember
Matter is everything around us. To describe matter, we use its characteristics or
properties. Properties are categorized as chemical, physical, extensive, or intensive. Matter
can also be classified as pure substances or mixtures. Pure substances are further classified
into elements and compounds, while mixtures are further categorized as homogeneous and
heterogeneous.
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Let’s Apply
Directions: In a clean sheet of paper do the following:
A. Draw at least three (3) pure substances that you frequently use and is readily available at
your home. (2 pts. each drawing)
1. Explain how you know that these materials are pure substances. (2 pts.)
2. Classify these materials as element or compound. Explain. (2 pts.)
B. Draw at least three (3) mixtures that you frequently use and is readily available at your
home. (2 pts. each drawing)
1. Explain how you know that these materials are mixtures. (2 pts.)
2. Classify these materials as homogeneous or heterogeneous. Explain. (2 pts.)
C. Acquire two different product labels for the following consumer products and then compare
based on its use, safety, quality, and cost. Use a Venn Diagram to show the differences and
similarities of each type of product. Attach
the product labels beside the Venn
diagrams made on a clean bond paper. An
example is given below for your reference.
(4 pts each Venn diagram)
a. Milk Product
b. Juice Drink
c. Biscuit
Example
d. Shampoo
e. Condiments
Generated from https://online.visualparadigm.com/app/diagrams/#diagram:proj=0
&type=VennDiagram&gallery=/repository/06bd
You will be graded using the following rubric:
CATEGORY
Concept
Arrangement
Primary
Source
Content
Linking
Content
Together
VENN DIAGRAM ASSESSMENT RUBRIC
1
2
3
Each section of Each section of
Each section of
the diagram
the diagram
the diagram
contains very
contains two
contains three
few facts that
facts that are
facts easily
are not easily
somewhat
identified.
identified.
identified.
Students shows Student displays Student
little or no
a
illustrates a
understanding
limited
firmer
of topic. There
understanding
understanding
are
with some
of most of the
scant details.
details
similarities and
pertinent to the
differences
subject matter.
brainstormed.
Contains
Reflects some
Most of the
nonfactual
information and
information is
information that attempts to put it factual and
does not
in corresponding seemingly
correspond to
section of
corresponds
the appropriate
diagram.
with appropriate
section of
section of
diagram
diagram.
4
Each section
of the diagram
contains four
facts easily
identified.
Student
exhibits
mastery of the
material as
evidenced by
attention to
detail.
Reflects
information
that
corresponds
with
appropriate
section of
diagram.
Rubric created by ReadWriteThink Retrieved from www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/lesson.../detectiverubric.pdf
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Score
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Lesson
2
Methods of Separating
Mixtures
From your previous lesson, mixtures are combinations of pure substances. As you
have learned, the components of a mixture are physically combined which means we can
separate them also by using physical means.
Let’s Recall
1. What are the properties of matter?
2. What is the difference between a pure substance and mixture?
3. Classify the following matter as element, compound, homogeneous or heterogeneous.
a. chunky spaghetti sauce
f. air with smog
b. isopropyl alcohol
g. baking soda
c. magnesium
h. chocolate chip ice cream
d. concrete
i. brass
e. iron rust
j. graphite
Let’s Explore
Directions: Answer the following in a complete sentence.
1. Suppose that you are to wash your pile of clothes after a week. Kindly list down the steps
that you will do before starting.
2. What is the first thing that you will do?
3. What factors did you consider in that step and in the following steps?
4. Why is it important that you start with it?
Let’s Elaborate
You probably answered sorting as the first thing that you will do before washing your
pile of clothes in Let’s Explore. Sorting is one of the few things that makes a chaotic
combination of matter be organized. And sorting does not only involve you picking one matter
from another mindlessly, but it also greatly involves you considering similarities of
characteristics of this matter. We use these characteristics to separate one matter from
another. There are different ways to separate the components of a mixture. These techniques
used the properties of matter to separate one component to another.
When separating mixtures of solids of varying shapes and sizes, we may use hand
sorting. It is only applicable if the solids are big enough for us to use our hands. Let us say
for example, you are to sort oranges from apples. Sometimes, hand sorting may be needing
some simple tools like spoon or tweezers, all depending on the type of mixture you are to sort.
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Figure 2: Simple
Filtration Setup
Another way of separating mixtures of solids is through
sieving. Sieving is used when we have large quantities of materials
to sort and involves different particle sizes. The tool used for this
technique is called a sieve. If the particles in a mixture are too small
for a sieve to catch and involves two different states, we may use
filtration to separate them. Filtration uses a filter to separate
insoluble solid in a liquid. Filter is a material that has tiny opening
wherein gas and liquid may pass through, such as cloth and filter
paper. Filtration may be used when separating components of a
mixture of sand and water. When the mixture is poured into the
filtration set up (see Figure 2), the unfiltered particles of sand will be
called residue while the water that passed through the filter paper is
called filtrate. (Siyavula n.d.; Wacowich-Sgarbi n.d.)
Mixture of sand and water may also be separated by the technique called decantation.
In decantation, the mixture of solids and liquids are allowed to stand to let the solids settle at
the bottom of the container. In this case, when sand is deposited, water is then carefully poured
out leaving the denser solid behind. It can also be used when separating two immiscible liquids
with different densities. The less dense layer on top will be poured off, leaving the second
layer behind. Although decanting immiscible liquids is possible, yet it will give an incomplete
separation since it is difficult to pour all of the top layer without spilling out some of the bottom
layer. In that case, a separatory funnel may be used as an alternative apparatus.
(Helmenstine 2019).
Some mixtures may involve metallic and nonmetallic solids, of
which can be separated through magnetic separation. In this
process, magnets will be used to separate metals from nonmetals.
This technique is usually used in mining industries to make separating
two compounds in a mineral ore easier.
Figure 3: Simple
Evaporation Setup
To separate components of a homogeneous mixture which
involves a dissolved solid in a liquid, evaporation may be used (refer
to Figure 3). Evaporation usually involves heating the mixture to
allow the liquid to vaporize leaving the solid material behind.
Distillation, just like evaporation, uses heat to
allow the liquid part of the mixture to evaporate and the
solid particles to remain in the container. But it will not
end there, because after evaporating the liquid, it will
then be condensed and collected (distillate). This
method is best used to separate mixtures of two
miscible liquids. It takes advantage of the different
boiling points or volatility of the involved liquids. The
most volatile liquid vaporizes, then is condensed back
as it passes through the condenser (cooled tube) and
lastly collected (see Figure 4). (Siyavula n.d.;
Wacowich-Sgarbi n.d.)
Figure 4: Simple Distillation Setup
Another way to separate components of a mixture is chromatography. This method
is used to separate dissolved substances from one another. This method, though simple, is
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versatile that it can be used to separate components
of mixtures of solids, or of liquids, or combination of
solids and liquids, or even mixtures of gases. This
technique takes advantage of the attraction (affinity) of
each
component
to
the
medium
used.
Chromatography has two important parts, the
stationary phase and mobile phase. For stationary
phase, you may use alumina, silica, and even paper.
For mobile phase, it may vary from solvents to
Figure 5: Thin Layer Chromatography
mixtures of solvents. Chromatography has three
important types namely: 1) thin layer chromatography (TLC, refer to Figure 5), 2) column
chromatography, and 3) gas chromatography (Siyavula n.d.; Wacowich-Sgarbi n.d.).
Earlier we discussed about decantation which uses sedimentation (naturally allowing
gravity to pull dense particles down the container) to separate undissolved solids in liquids.
This method may take ages though, since we are to let the mixture stand and wait for the
components to gradually settle. To hasten this method, we may use centrifugation.
Centrifugation is a technique used to separate particles from a mixture based on the
components’ size and density by applying centrifugal force. This method uses a device called
centrifuge, which is electronic and puts an object in a rotational movement around an axis.
Centrifugation is usually used in separating components of blood into separate layers, thus
making is easier to isolate blood cells from blood plasma. (Study.com 2016)
Other techniques such as crystallization and sublimation may also be used to separate
components of a mixture. Chemists usually use these two to purify compounds. As the name
of each technique states, these two takes advantage of the phase changes that the particles
will undergo. For crystallization, the process starts by dissolving the solute in a solvent which
it is partially soluble. The mixture will be heated to increase solubility, until all solute is
dissolved, then it will be filtered to remove impurities. The mixture will then be cooled slowly
to produce crystals which are ready for collection. Sublimation, on the other hand, separates
a mixture of solids wherein one sublimes. For example, if we have a mixture of iodine and
sand in a beaker, we could just heat the mixture to let iodine change from solid to gas. To
collect the vapor, ice must be placed on the watch glass on top of the beaker to let it change
into solid.
Let’s Dig In
ACTIVITY 1
Directions: Identify two (2) separating techniques that you think is the most frequently used
in your home. With the chosen techniques, answer the following:
Separating Technique 1: _________________________________________________
1. What home activity uses this separating technique?
2. Why did you choose this technique to be used to separate the matters involved?
3. Is there any other technique that can be used to separate the matters involved?
Explain why.
Separating Technique 2: _________________________________________________
1. What home activity uses this separating technique?
2. Why did you choose this technique to be used to separate the matters involved?
3. Is there any other technique that can be used to separate the matters involved?
Explain why.
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ACTIVITY 2
Directions: Complete the puzzle by identifying the terms being described below.
VERTICAL
1. This is the method used to separate
deposited solids from liquid.
2. This is what remains on the filter after
filtration.
4. This method separates solids of
different sizes.
5. It is the method used to separate
pigments in black ink.
HORIZONTAL
3. This refers to the collected condensed
liquid after distillation.
6. This method is used to separate
insoluble solids in liquids.
7. It is the method used to separate
copper sulfate (soluble) in water.
8. This method takes advantage of
differences in boiling points.
9. This is used to separate cream from
milk.
10. This is an example of stationary
phase (medium) that can be used for
thin layer chromatography.
ACTIVITY 3: For Analysis.
Directions: Analyze the following and answer the questions in a complete sentence. (5pts
each)
1. Ronnie used a vacuum cleaner to clean their house of dirt and dust. He became curious
of how this machine works, as his observation tells him that the vacuum cleaner sucks up
dust in air as it sucks up dust on the floor. Then clean air comes out of it. What happens
inside the vacuum cleaner that allows it to separate dust from air?
2. Bernadeth is a chemist and she would like to help the other scientists in determining the
effective antibodies to fight against COVID-19. With her team, they constructed different
steps to make the identification. Which separating technique do you think will best help
them in their research? How will it be helpful?
Let’s Remember
Mixtures are physical combinations of pure substances of which components can be
separated by physical means. There are several techniques we could use to separate
components of mixtures namely: hand sorting, sieving, filtration, decantation, magnetic
separation, evaporation, distillation, chromatography, centrifugation, crystallization, and
sublimation. All these methods take advantage of the different properties of matter.
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Let’s Apply
Directions: Imagine that you and your classmates are tasked to separate the components of
a mixture that contains the following substances: sand, iron fillings, salt, ethanol, and water.
Your task is to:
A. Design a procedure for separating the components of the complex mixture. (10 pts)
B. Summarize your procedure in the form of a flowchart. (10 pts)
Let’s Evaluate
POST ASSESSMENT. Directions: Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct
answer.
1. Which of these is a physical property of matter?
A. combustibility
B. flammability
C. melting point D. reactivity
2. Which of these properties refer to the characteristics of matter that do not depend on the amount of
matter present?
A. chemical
B. extensive
C. intensive
D. physical
3. What happens when two or more elements combine chemically?
A. A mixture is formed.
C. A new element is formed.
B. A compound is formed.
D. No two elements can join chemically.
4. What happens to substances when they combine to form mixtures?
A. The original properties of the substances are retained.
B. They react to form new substances and have new properties.
C. The substances combine in a specific ratio, such as 1:2, 2:3 or 3:5.
D. The substances will always change their state upon combining with other substances.
5. Vinegar is considered an example of what classification of matter?
A. element
B. compound
C. homogeneous
D. heterogeneous
6. Under which classification of matter is an Italian salad dressing is included?
A. heterogenous
B. homogeneous
C. both A and B D. neither A nor B
7. Vicky bought a pack of biscuit that has 140 calories per serving. If she consumed the entire serving
which is 20 per pack, how many calories did she intake?
A. 1400 calories
B. 2800 calories
C. 3400 calories
D. 4800 calories
8. Which of these shows the serving size per package of a given consumer product?
A. calorie
B. nutrient info
C. serving info
D. % daily value
9. Which of these statements BEST describes distillation?
A. This technique is used to separate particles from a mixture based on the components’ size and
density.
B. This technique takes advantage of the attraction (affinity) of each component to the medium
used.
C. This technique takes advantage of the different boiling points or volatility of the involved liquids.
D. This technique is used to separate solids of varying sizes.
10. Which of these techniques is BEST used to separate a mixture of insoluble solid mixed in liquid?
A. centrifugation
B. filtration
C. hand sorting D. sieving
11. Alexandra used filtration as method to separate components of a muddy water. After the process,
which of these statements will she use to describe what happened to the components?
A. Mud is retained on filter paper and is called filtrate.
B. Water is retained on filter paper and is called residue.
C. Mud passes while water was retained on the filter paper.
D. Water passes while mud was retained on the filter paper.
12. Which of these techniques is BEST used to separate metals from nonmetals in a mixture?
A. evaporation
B. magnetic separation C. sieving
D. sublimation
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13. What will you use to separate dyes in water soluble markers?
A. chromatography
B. crystallization
C. filtration
D. sieving
14. Which of these techniques is used to separate sand and gravel?
A. chromatography
B. crystallization
C. filtration
D. sieving
15. Which of these refers to the process of slow cooling of mixtures to produce crystals?
A. chromatography
B. crystallization
C. filtration
D. sieving
Access the post assessment in the link below:
https://forms.gle/rUpoDBWHYs8xCfes9
(Please note that an updated school link will be given by your subject teacher to access
the post assessment file.)
Let’s Extend
A. ESSAY. Directions: Write a comprehensive 2-paragraph essay about any of the following
questions. Print or write your output on a separate paper.
1. Why is it important that we know the composition and properties of matter?
2. How can these properties be useful in our everyday lives?
3. How would you educate the people around you about the importance of knowing the
composition and properties of matter?
You will be graded through the following rubric:
POINTS
4
3
2
1
FOCUS
Sharp, distinct
point made
about the topic
with evident
awareness of
the task.
Apparent point
made about the
topic with
sufficient
awareness of
task
No apparent
point but
evidence of a
specific topic
Minimal
evidence of a
topic
RUBRIC FOR ESSAY
CONTENT
ORGANIZATION
Mastery of
Well-arranged content
content is evident with subtle evidence of
and demonstrated transition.
strong ideas
about the topic.
Sufficiently
developed
content with
adequate
elaboration or
explanation.
Limited content
with inadequate
elaboration or
explanation.
Superficial and/or
minimal content.
CONVENTIONS
No grammar or
spelling errors. Has
evident control of
usage and sentence
formations.
Contents were
arranged in functional
manner with some
evidence of transitions.
With few grammar or
spelling errors.
Sufficient control over
sentence formation.
Confused or
inconsistent
arrangement with no
attempts of transition.
Minimal to no control
of content
arrangement.
Has a lot of grammar
or spelling errors.
Limited control over
sentence formation.
Almost all are
grammatically wrong
and misspelled.
Minimal control of
sentence formation.
SCORE
Adapted from Rubrics for Essay by Jenny Tuazon https://www.slideshare.net/jennytuazon01630/rubrics-in-essay
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B. SEPARATING MIXTURES ACTIVITY
Objective: Perform simple separating techniques to separate components of mixtures at
home.
B.1. Separation through hand sorting.
Procedures:
1. Go and open your closet or clothes storage.
2. Describe what you see. Record your data on the table below.
3. Arrange the clothes depending on your preference (by color, size, or kind).
4. After sorting, describe what you see. Record your data on the table below.
Data Table A
Before sorting
After sorting
Questions:
1. How did your clothes storage look like before you arrange or sort it? How did it look
like after sorting?
2. Why do you think sorting is important?
3. Is there other technique that we can use to separate the materials inside your closet
or storage? Why or why not?
Conclusion:
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B.2. Separation through chromatography.
Materials:
3 colored marking pens (any color
available)
Filter paper (or paper towel/tissue)
Rubbing alcohol
Pencil
Ruler
Plastic cup
Scissors
Procedures:
1. Measure and cut the filter paper into 10cm x 6cm.
2. Use your pencil to write a horizontal line at the lower part of the paper. Write it just
1cm above the bottom.
3. Draw separated small dots of ink from the colored markers that you have right on the
pencil line you drew earlier. See sample set up to the right.
4. Record the color of pens you used on Data Table B.
5. Pour a little amount of solvent in the plastic cup. Place the filter paper, the colored
dots should be a little above the solvent.
6. Observe what happens after 5-10 minutes.
7. Remove the filter paper when the solvent reaches ½ to 1cm from the top of the
paper.
8. Mark the highest point the solvent reached using a pencil. Allow the filter paper to
dry.
9. Complete the data table below.
Data Table B
Color of Ink
1.
Height (cm)
Color/s produced
2.
3.
Questions
1. What happens to the ink spots after placing the filter paper in the solvent?
2. Which ink dye is probably made up of only one compound? Explain your answer.
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3. Which ink dye is probably made up of two or more compounds? Explain your answer.
4. Why did we use pencil to draw a line unto the filter paper?
5. Why do you think the ink spots must be a little above the solvent? What happens if
the dots directly touched the solvent?
Conclusion:
Attach the dried filter paper here:
SOURCE: Osorio, Estrella A. and Aurora A. Franco. Interactive Chemistry: Laboratory Manual.
Philippines: ICS Publishing, Inc., 2009
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References
Chang, R. and K. Goldsby. Chemistry. (12th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill, 2016. PDF.
https://www.academia.edu/40191186/Chemistry_12th_Edition_by_Chang_and_Goldsby
Licuanan, P.B. General Chemistry 1 - Teaching Guide for Senior High School. Quezon City:
Commission on Higher Education, 2016
Ebbing, D. D. and S.D. Gammon. General Chemistry. (9th ed.). New York: Houghton Mifflin
Company, 2009. https://www.academia.edu/40212587/General_Chemistry_9thEbbing.Gammon?email_work_card=view-paper
Exploring Our Fluid Earth. Teaching Science as Inquiry (TSI) “Further Investigation: Properties of
Matter” Accessed June 9, 2020.
https://manoa.hawaii.edu/exploringourfluidearth/chemical/matter/properties-matter/furtherinvestigations-properties-matter
Flowers, P., K. Theopold, R. Langley & W.R. Robinson. Chemistry. Rice University: OpenStax, 2018.
https://openstax.org/details/books/chemistry
Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. 2019. "What Is Decantation and How Does It Work?" ThoughtCo.
Accessed June 10, 2020 https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-decantation-604990
Lumen Chemistry for Non-Majors. “Methods for Separating Mixtures.” Accessed June 10, 2020.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/cheminter/chapter/methods-for-separating-mixtures/
Mustoe, F., C. Clancy, T. Doram, B. Heimbecker, M. Mazza and P. McNutly. McGraw-Hill Ryerson
Chemistry 11. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2011.
Osorio, Estrella A. and Aurora A. Franco. Interactive Chemistry: Laboratory Manual. Philippines: ICS
Publishing, Inc., 2009
Siyavula. “Methods of Physical Separation” Accessed June 10, 2020.
https://www.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-7/separating-mixtures/07-separatingmixtures?id=toc-id-4
Study.com. April 15, 2016. "What is Centrifugation? - Definition, Process & Uses." Accessed June 11,
2020 https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-centrifugation-definition-process-uses.html.
US Food & Drug Administration n.d. “Interactive Nutrition Facts Label.” Accessed June 17, 2020
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/InteractiveNutritionFactsLabel/factsheets.cfm
US Food & Drug Administration n.d. “How to Understand and Use the Nutrition Facts Label.”
Accessed June 17, 2020 https://www.fda.gov/food/new-nutrition-facts-label/how-understand-anduse-nutrition-facts-label
Wacowich-Sgarbi, Shirley. “Laboratory Techniques for Separation of Mixtures” BCcampus OpenEd.
Accessed June 10, 2020. https://pressbooks.bccampus.ca/chem1114langaracollege/chapter/1-3laboratory-techniques-for-separation-of-mixtures/
NOTE:
Cover Art is originally made by Victor G. Taleon ©2020
Other illustrations are originally made by Dioneda, M.A. J. ©2020
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Development Team of the Module
Writer: Ma. Christina M. Dioneda – TSHS - Teacher II
Editors:
Content Evaluators:
Elmer L. Belza Jr. – BNHS - Teacher II
Ian Luigie D. Ordoñez – GABHS – Teacher I
Jimmylin U. Sollano – UBNHS – Master Teacher I
Jennievive D. Dela Cruz – TSHS – Teacher II
Teresita L. Baltazar – SVNHS – Master Teacher II
Language Evaluator:
Wilhelmina C. Estrada – TSHS – Teacher II
Reviewer: Ruby N. Montefulca – TSHS – Head Teacher I
Illustrator: Ma. Alexandra Jade M. Dioneda and Victor G. Taleon
Layout Artists: Ma. Christina M. Dioneda, Elvira B. Bagacina and Jayson F. Antones
Dr. Margarito B. Materum - SDS
Management Team:
Dr. George P. Tizon – SGOD Chief
Dr. Ellery G. Quintia – CID Chief
Dr. Marivic T. Almo – EPS Science
Quinn Norman O. Arreza, J.D. SHS Focal
Dr. Daisy L. Mataac – EPS – LRMS/ALS
For inquiries, please write or call:
Schools Division of Taguig City and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City
Telefax: 8384251
Email Address: sdo.tapat@deped.gov.ph
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