1.6 COAL MARNELLIE A. ABORITA JASMIN REINA A. ACIBAR COAL Coal is a black or brownish-black sedimentary rock that can be burned for fuel and used to generate electricity. It is composed mostly of carbon and hydrocarbons, which contain energy that can be released through combustion (burning). HISTORY OF COAL IN THE PHILIPPINES Coal was first discovered in the Philippines, in the island of Cebu in 1827 Coal has been sighted in the provinces of Caraga, Albay, Quezon (formerly Tayabas), Bulacan, Pampanga and Pangasinan Philippines also imports coal from other countries like Indonesia, Australia and Russia Philippines also exports its coal to countries like China and Thailand 1.6 TYPES OF COAL MARNELLIE A. ABORITA JASMIN REINA A. ACIBAR 1. PEAT It consists of decayed vegetable matter mainly decomposed water plants and mosses etc. It has high moisture content and should be dried before burning. Its approximate composition is: c = 60% H = 58% O = 33% Ash = 1.2% PEAT 2. LIGNITE OR BROWN COAL It is brown in colour, it burns with a brightly slightly, smoky yellow flame. Its calorific value is 5000kcal/kg and its approximate composition is: C = 67% H = 5% O = 20% Ash = 8% LIGNITE OR BROWN COAL 3. BITUMINOUS COAL It is soft, consists of large amount of volatile matter and is widely used as fuel. It burns with a long yellow and smoky flame. Its calorific value is 7800 kcal/kg and approximate composition is: c = 83.5% H = 5% O = 5% Ash = 6.5% BITUMINOUS COAL 4. SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL Sub-bituminous coal contains 12 to 25% moisture. It is black-colour and the approximate calorific value of this coal is 4600 kcal/kg. SUB-BITUMINOUS COAL 5. ANTHRACITE COAL It is black in colour and burns with a short bluish flame and the amount of ash produced due to its burning is very little. Its calorific value is 8500kcal/kg and approximate composition is as follows: c = 90% H = 3% O = 2% Ash = 5% ANTHRACITE COAL SUAL POWER STATION Barangay Pangascasan, Sual Pangasinan Philippines Sual Power Station is the largest and most cost-effective coal-fired power station in the country with a generating capacity of 1,200 MW. It has been providing electricity to the Luzon grid since 1999 under a build, operate and transfer (BOT) scheme with the Philippine government which ends in 2024. ADVANTAGES OF COAL DISADVANTAGES OF COAL How does coal mining destroy the environment? Coal mining increases the risk of loosening top soils into streams and waterways, and the sediments are contaminating our water and can smother downstream plant life and even kill fish. Coal has the sulphur and nitrogen traces. Those are released into the atmosphere when burned. Thanks!
