Describe the difference
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One of the most common symptoms of hypokalemia is an abnormally low concentration
of phosphate in the blood. The body's cells communicate electrically, and potassium assists in this
process. Specifically, cardiac muscle cells rely on it for neuronal function.
Unusually low sodium content in the blood is known as hyponatremia. You require salt to
maintain fluid balance, regulate blood pressure, and maintain neuron and muscle function. There
should be between 135 and 145 milligrams per liter of sodium in the blood. Hyponatremia occurs
when your blood sodium levels fall below 135 mEq/L. (Yang et al.,2022, p.299).
Hypertonic solutions cause cells to shrink when they are dissolved in them. Because an
isotonic environment has no net water flow, the cell size remains constant. When a cell is inserted
in a hypotonic surrounding, water enters the cell, causing it to expand.
Red blood cells thrive in isotonic conditions, which your body maintains through
homeostatic (stability-maintaining) mechanisms. Placing red blood cell is a hypotonic solution
causes it swell and explode, but if it is placed in a hypertonic solution, the cytoplasm will get
concentrated, and the cell may die.
Plant cells, on the other hand, require a hypotonic extracellular fluid. As the cell wall is too
rigid to allow any further expansion of the plasma membrane, a cell's membrane cannot rupture or
lyse. A cell's internal turgor pressure will limit the amount of water that may enter the cell (Yang
et al.,2022, p.299).
For the plant's health, it is essential to maintain this equilibrium between water and
dissolved solutes. A plant's extracellular fluid becomes isotonic or hypertonic if it isn't watered,
causing water to leak out of the cells. Turgor pressure drops, and you may have observed this as
wilting. A condition known as plasmolysis develops when the cellular membranes disengage from
the cell wall and tighten the cytoplasm under osmotic pressure situations.
References
Yang, H., Yoon, S., Kim, E. J., Seo, J. W., Koo, J. R., Oh, Y. K., ... & Baek, S. H. (2022). Risk
factors for overcorrection of severe hyponatremia: a post hoc analysis of the SALSA
trial. Kidney Res Clin Pract.