01.05 Guided Notes: The Human Skeleton
Page 1: The Human Skeleton
KT = Key Terms; FQ = Focus Question; VR = Video Reflection
KT: Jot down terms and definitions that are new to you. You will see them used in the lesson.
Page 2: Human Bones
KT: osteology- is the study of bones
FQ: What can be determined through the study of human bones?
It can help determine a person’s identity or cause of death.
What are three fields of study that use osteology?
Anthropology, paleontology, and osteology
VR: What important information did you learn about from this video?
Anthropologists learn to understand the evolutionary history of humans.
Page 3: Skeletal System
FQ: What comparisons can be made between the bones of the axial and appendicular
skeleton?
Note: You will be able to come back and answer this as you continue through this lesson.
Page 4: The Axial Skeleton
KT: cartilage- flexible connective tissue found in various forms , cranium- brain case , skullencases the brain and provides support for the teeth , hyoid bone- supports the tongue and the
muscles that move the tongue, vertebrae- bones that are separated by cartilaginous
intervertebral discs, irregular bones- bones with variety of shapes, sacrum- part of the pelvis ,
coccyx- tailbone, ribs- flat bones , sternum- breastbone, flat bones- plate like bones with broad
surfaces.
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FQ: What are the major bones of the axial skeleton?
The skull, hyoid bones, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.
VR: What important information did you learn about from this video?
I learn the different bones and structures in the axial skeleton
Use the table below to identify the axial bones as well as their locations
Axial Region
Bones from Region
Location of Axial Region
Skull
Cranium and facial bones
Encases the brain and
provides support for the
teeth. Within the central
core of the body.
Vertebral Column
Tailbone, sacrum, thoracic
vertebrae, ribs, and lumbar
vertebrae
Central axis of the skeleton
Sacrum
Five fused vertebrae
Near the distal end of the
vertebral column
Rib Cage
Sternum, the ribs and 12
thoracic vertebrae.
Centre of the chest
How do irregular bones differ from flat bones? Flat bones are thin but are often curved.
Irregular bones are bones with a variety of shapes.
Where in the body will we find an example of each bone? The vertebral column is made up of
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irregular bones.
Page 5: The Appendicular Skeleton
KT: pectoral girdle- made up of the shoulder blade and collar bone , clavicle- collar bone ,
scapula- shoulder blade , humerus- Upper arm bone , radius and ulna- Two forearm bones ,
carpals- eight wrist bones, short bones, metacarpals- Five bones of the palm, phalangesFourteen finger bones , pelvic girdle, femur- Thigh bone , long bone, tibia- Shin bone , fibulaSlender leg bone next to the tibia , patella- Kneecap, tarsals- Seven ankle bones , metatarsalsFive bones in the foots instep
FQ: What are the major bones of the appendicular skeleton? consists of the bones in the
upper and lower limbs, as well as the bones that anchor those limbs to the axial skeleton.
VR: What important information did you learn about from this video?
I learned what the appendicular skeleton consists of and how the upper and lower limbs are
attached to the body.
Use the table below to identify the appendicular bones as well as their locations
Appendicular Region
Bones from Region
Location of Axial Region
Pectoral Girdle
clavicle and the scapula
Shoulder
Upper Limbs
Humerus, the forearm
consists of the radius. The
ulna consists of eight small
carpal bones. Palm consists
of metacarpals. The thumb
and fingers are phalanges.
The arm located between
the shoulder and elbow
joints, the forearm located
between the elbow and
wrist joints, and the hand
located distal to the wrist.
Pelvic Girdle
composed of the left and
right Os Coxae.
The left and right Os Coxae
connect the lower limbs to
the axial skeleton.
Lower Limbs
Made up of femur, tibia,
Human leg bone
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fibula, patella, tarsals,
metatarsal and phalanges
How do short bones differ from long bones? Long bones are longer than they are wide. Short
bones are equal in length, width, and thickness.
Where in the body will we find an example of each bone?
Long bones, such as the femur. Short bones such as the carpals.
Sample Question:
Which of the following bones is classified as part of the appendicular skeleton?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Hyoid
Humerus
Coccyx
Cranium
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