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Bronfenbrenner's
Ecological Systems
Theory of Development
Jacklynn Ong
Brendalyn Rivera
Ma. Helen Nucup
Mark Tuazon
Emerald Samson
Juna Canabang
Vivian Velasquez
Introduction
URIE BRONFENBRENNER
■ born April 29, 1917 – September 25, 2005
■ Russian-born American psychologist
■ best known for having developed human ecology
theory ( ecological systems theory )
■ formulated the Ecological Systems Theory to explain
how the inherent qualities of children and their
environments interact to influence how they grow
and develop.
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What is
Ecological Systems
Theory of Development
■ Individuals are seen as maturing, not in isolation but
within the context of relationships
■ Involves families, friends, schools, neighbourhoods,
and society
■ Focuses on the quality and context of the child's
environment.
■ He states that as a child develops, the interaction
within these environments becomes more complex.
This complexity can arise as the child's physical and
cognitive structures grow and mature.
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Five Subsystems of Ecological
Systems Theory of Development
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Microsystem
Mesosystem
Exosystem
Macrosystem
Chronosystem
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Microsystem
Microsystem
■
■
■
the smallest and most immediate environment in
which children live.
comprises the daily home, school or daycare, peer
group and community environment of the children.
Interactions typically involve personal relationships
with family members, classmates, teachers and
caregivers.
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Interactions within the
microsystem typically
involve personal
relationships with
■
■
■
■
Family members
Classmates
Teachers
Caregivers
How these groups or individuals interact
with the children will affect how they grow.
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Mesosystem
Mesosystem
■
■
encompasses the interaction of the different
microsystems which children find themselves in.
It is, in essence, a system of microsystems and as
such, involves linkages between home and school,
between peer group and family, and between family
and community.
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A child’s parents are actively
involved in the friendships
of their child
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Child’s development is affected
positively through harmony and
like-mindedness.
VS
The child’s parents dislike
their child’s peers and openly
criticize them
Child experiences disequilibrium and
conflicting emotions, which will likely
lead to negative development.
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Exosystem
Exosystem
■
pertains to the linkages that may exist between two
or more settings, one of which may not contain the
developing children but affect them indirectly
nonetheless.
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You’re
fired!
A father who has been fired from the
workplace may take it out on his
children and mistreat them at home
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Why do I have to
tell you everything
100 times!?
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Macrosystem
Macrosystem
■
■
is the largest and most distant collection of people
and places to the children that still have significant
influences on them.
is composed of the children’s cultural patterns and
values, specifically their dominant beliefs and ideas,
as well as political and economic systems.
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Children in war-torn areas will experience
a different kind of development than
children in peaceful environments.
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Chronosystem
Chronosystem
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■
The Bronfenbrenner theory suggests that the
chronosystem adds the useful dimension of time,
which demonstrates the influence of both change
and constancy in the children’s environments.
The chronosystem may include a change in family
structure, address, parents’ employment status, as
well as immense society changes such as economic
cycles and wars.
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Change in family structure: divorce
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a child who frequently bullies smaller
children at school may portray the role of
a terrified victim at home.
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Conclusion………..
Thanks!
Any questions?
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References:
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https://www.britannica.com/biography/UrieBronfenbrenner
https://www.psychologynoteshq.com/bronfenbrenn
er-ecologicaltheory/?fbclid=IwAR3bn1L9TxWf9gXSscNbPcwh6c
SJZWK6fFJ1jErzRYbPCctDXsL1fe5VPrI