P1 Least Learned
Concepts
Discussion
P1 LEAST LEARNED CONCEPTS
• Familiarize themselves with sociolinguistics
concepts.
• Develop understanding on the relationship
of linguistic variation to social and cultural
identity.
P1 LEAST LEARNED ITEMS
9. The English word tin would consist of three units
t/i/n. Speech units can be ordered and reordered,
combined and split apart. Which of the following is
evident in the given situation?
a. Discreteness
b. Duality
c. Cultural Transmission
d. Productivity
P1 LEAST LEARNED ITEMS
38. Analyze the given statements:
Statement 1: Knowing certain idiomatic expressions helps an
individual feel a sense of belonging to a certain group in society.
Statement 2: Sociolect creates an identity for an individual to have a
distinct or unique characteristic among the people in a society.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Statement 1 is correct, but statement 2 is incorrect.
Statement 1 is incorrect, but statement 2 is correct.
Both statements are correct.
Both statements are incorrect.
P1 LEAST LEARNED ITEMS
36. Student D taking the HUMSS strand understood that the word "warrant" is used by
both lawyers and police officers. Which of the following characteristics of language
varieties is observed in the given scenario?
a. Having a distinct pronunciation of the same word makes it easier to recognize what
country you're from.
b. It shows that language has two varieties, namely high and low, which are used
depending on the situation, like in an informal and formal setting.
c. It proves that every individual has a unique way of speaking that helps them stand
out and be remembered.
d. It shows the existence of words used depending on the socio-economic status of a
person.
P1 LEAST LEARNED ITEMS
21. Which of the following scenarios should NOT use high
variety?
a. Instruction of servants
b. Newspaper
c. Speech of parliament
d. Sermon
P1 LEAST LEARNED ITEMS
23. Which of the following is NOT true about colloquial
words?
a. used in specific social groups, like teenagers
b. an expression used in informal conversation
c. commonly used in regional or local dialects
d. can generally be understood across age and
socioeconomic barriers as long as the speakers are all
from the same geographic region
P1 LEAST LEARNED ITEMS
34. Teacher H observed that most of her students, ranging in age from 12 to 18 years old, use the
word "flex" whenever they receive a high score or achieve something worth boasting about in class.
She got confused because she understood the word "flex" as a short term for flexibility of body
muscles. Which of the following characteristics of language varieties is observed in the given
scenario?
a.
Having a distinct pronunciation of the same word makes a better recognition of what country.
Having a distinct pronunciation of the same word makes it easier to recognize what country
you're from.
b. It shows that language has two varieties, namely high and low, which are used depending on
the situation, like in an informal and formal setting.
c. It proves that every individual has a unique way of speaking that helps them stand out and be
remembered.
d. It shows the existence of words used depending on the socio-economic status of a person.
Properties of Human Language
Displacement - refers to the past, future time and
locations.
Productivity - Language users manipulate their
linguistic resources to produce new expressions
and new sentences.
Properties of Human Language
Arbitrariness - no natural connection between a
linguistic forms and its meaning
Cultural Transmission - learning the language is
the outcome of our social interaction
Properties of Human Language
Duality
Discreteness - each sound in the language is
treated as discrete (e.g. back, pack)
Varieties of Language: Idiolect, Sociolect, Dialect
Dialect
Varieties of Language: Idiolect, Sociolect, Dialect
Two Types of Dialect
Regional dialect – the distinct form of a
language spoken in a certain geographical area
Social dialect - the distinct form of a language
spoken by members of a specific socioeconomic
class, such as the working-class dialects in
England (Akmajian 2001)
Varieties of Language: Idiolect, Sociolect, Dialect
Idiolect individual
a
language
unique
to
an
Sociolect- different groups of people have
distinct styles of language use
Varieties of Language: Accent, Diglossia,
Jargons, and Colloquial Words
Accent - a manner of pronunciation peculiar to
a particular individual, location, or nation
Varieties of Language: Accent, Diglossia,
Jargons, and Colloquial Words
Diglossia - two varieties of the same language
are used under different conditions within a
community
Low Variety
High Variety - used for formal situations
Varieties of Language: Accent, Diglossia,
Jargons, and Colloquial Words
Colloquial Words- an
informal conversation
expression
used
in
Jargon - use of specific phrases and words in a
particular situation, profession, or trade