Cry of Pugad
Lawin
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Cry of Pugad Lawin Facts
The "Cry of Pugad Lawin” was an event that officially marked
the start of the Philippine Revolution against Spain. The revolt
later grew in strength and spread to 8 provinces including
Manila, Bulacan, Cavite, Pampanga, Tarlac, Laguna, Batangas,
and Nueva Ecija — which were eventually represented by the
eight rays of the sun in the present Filipino flag.
INTRODUCTION
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The Philippine Revolution against over 300 years of Spanish rule
began with Andrés Bonifacio, leader of the Katipunan, a secret
revolutionary society that sought independence for the
Philippines from Spanish colonial rule.
In August 1896, in the sitio of Pugad Lawin in Balintawak, now
part of Quezon City, the Katipuneros led by Andrés Bonifacio
rose up in revolt by tearing up their “cedulas” which became a
sign of enslavement of the Filipinos. This event called the "Cry of
Pugad Lawin," officially regarded as the start of the Philippine
Revolution against Spain with the use of violence and arms.
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Cry of Pugad Lawin Facts
DEFINITION OF THE CRY
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The word "cry" comes from the
Spanish el grito de rebelion (cry of
rebellion) or el grito for short. Thus
the Grito de Balintawak is similar
to the Grito de Dolores of Mexico
(1810). But the "el grito de
rebelion" strictly refers to a
decision or call to revolt. It doesn't
A late 19th century photograph of
necessarily mean shouting, unlike
armed Filipino revolutionaries,
the Filipino term Sigaw or Sigao.
known as the Katipuneros.1898
Originally the term "cry" referred to the first clash between the
members of Katipunan and the Civil Guards (Guardia Civil).
The cry could also refer to the tearing up of cedulas (community
tax certificates) in resistance to Spanish government.
The cry can also be referred to in the inscriptions of "Viva la
Independencia Filipina" which was literally accompanied by
patriotic shouts.
DIFFERENT DATES AND PLACES
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NHCP Marker in Pugad
Lawin Shrine
Several accounts provide differing
dates and places for the Cry of Pugad
Lawin.
Lt. Olegario Diaz, who was an officer of
the Spanish Guardia civil stated that
the Cry happened in Balintawak on
August 25, 1896.
Historian Teodoro Kalaw wrote in his
1925 book entitled The Filipino
Revolution that the Cry took place
during the final week of August 1896 at
Kangkong, Balintawak.
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Cry of Pugad Lawin Facts
❖
Santiago Alvarez, a
Katipunero and son of
Mariano Alvarez who
was the leader of the
Magdiwang faction in
Cavite, stated in 1927
that the cry happened
at Bahay Toro, now in
Quezon City on August
24, 1896.
Cry of Pugad Lawin
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Pío Valenzuela, Andrés Bonifacio's close associate, declared in
1948 that the event took place on August 23, 1896, in Pugad
Lawin.
Some of the apparent confusion about the place where it
happened is in part due to the double meanings of the words
"Balintawak" and "Caloocan" at the turn of the century.
However, from 1908
until 1963, this event
was officially
recognized as having
happened on August 26
in Balintawak.
Ultimately, the
Philippine government
declared in 1963 a
change from August 26
to August 23 in Pugad
Lawin, Quezon City.
Andres Bonifacio monument in Monumento
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Cry of Pugad Lawin Facts
EVENTS PRIOR TO THE CRY OF PUGAD LAWIN
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Several events occurred to
strengthen the unity of the
Filipino people and brought a
"thirst" for independence.
❖ These include the Cavite
Mutiny of 1872, Martyrdom of
the GOMBURZA,
propaganda movements, and
different peaceful campaigns
for reforms, Dr. Rizal's exile in
Botong Francisco's rendering of Andres Bonifacio
Dapitan, and the foundation
and the Katipunan launching the Philippine
Revolution
and the discovery
of the KKK or Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga
Anak ng Bayan ("Supreme and Venerable Association of the Children
of the Nation").
THE KATIPUNAN
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The Katipunan was an offshoot from the
La Liga Filipina, a movement that sought
to bring about political reform in the
Spanish colonial government led by José
Rizal (Philippines' national hero).
Rizal had been exiled right after his
organization was formed with their first
meeting.
After several years had passed with
essentially no changes in the
constitution, Bonifacio and others lost all
hope for some peaceful reform being
brought about by La Liga Filipina.
Jose Rizal
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Cry of Pugad Lawin Facts
❖
Spearheaded by Andres Bonifacio,
they abandoned the organization and
concentrated their efforts on the
Katipunan to bring about a revolution
with the use of violence and arms.
❖ Founded by Bonifacio, Ladislaw Diwa,
Deodato Arellano, and others on July
7, 1892, the secret organization
consisted of both male and female
patrons, including Bonifacio’s wife,
who led the female faction.
A photo engraving of Andrés
Bonifacio (1863-1897), founder of
❖ With aiming the organization's goal of
the Katipunan, Philippine
independence from Spain, the
revolutionary society from
February 8, 1897 issue of La
Katipunan led by Andres Bonifacio
Ilustración Española y Americana, a
started the revolution preceded by the
Spanish-American weekly
publication
Cry of Pugad Lawin.
❖ August 19, 1896, the paraphernalia used in printing Katipunan
documents and other items was found revealing the existence of
the Katipunan.
❖ Consequently, a series of arrests of Katipuneros in Manila
followed, and many Filipinos were jailed or imprisoned.
❖ As many as five hundred arrests were performed and many
escaped the city for fear of been captured, tortured, or killed.
TEARING OF CEDULA
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Not all statements describe the tearing of cédulas in the last
days of August but the version of Agoncillo, which was based
on the later statements of Pío Valenzuela including the others
who insisted that the cry happened in Pugad Lawin instead of
Balintawak, was the source of the current stance of the
Philippine government official commemorations.
Bonifacio and many others had escaped to Pugad Lawin.
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Cry of Pugad Lawin Facts
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During their meeting at the house of Juan Ramos on August 23,
1896, Bonifacio urged his supporters to tear into pieces their
cédulas (residence certificates) as a sign of revolt against the
Spanish government.
Being highly motivated
by the killings and
arrest of their fellow
members in Manila,
they tore up their
cedulas and let out the
cry “Long live the
Philippines,” which is
known as the Cry of
Pugad
Lawin
in
Philippine history.
(Cedula of a Katipunero torn in half)
He released a manifesto on the 28th for all their supporters in
the surrounding towns to take up arms on the impending strike
on Manila which would happen on August 29th.
The revolt eventually increased in strength and spread to eight
provinces --Manila, Bulacan, Cavite, Pampanga, Tarlac, Laguna,
Batangas, and Nueva Ecija -- which were subsequently
represented by the eight rays of the sun in the present Filipino
flag.
DEATH AND LEGACY
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The Cry of the Rebellion in Pugad Lawin marked the beginning
of the Philippine Revolution in 1896 which ultimately led to
Philippine Independence in 1898.
After Bonifacio's death on May 10, 1897, in Maragondon, Cavite,
General Emilio Aguinaldo continued the revolution.
He declared the independence of the country from Spain on
June 12, 1898, at Kawit, Cavite.
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Name: ________________________________
Fast Facts
Let’s see how much you’ve learned about the Cry of
Pugad Lawin. Identify what is being described in each
box below.
Spain
Cry of Pugad Lawin marked the start of the
Philippine Revolution against _________.
Andrés Bonifacio
The Katipunan was led by __________.
Quezon City
Balintawak is now part of ___________.
“cedulas”
Bonifacio rose up in revolt where they tore
their ______________.
Spanish
The cry was as an expression of their open
defiance of _______ rule in the country.
provinces
The revolt later grew in strength and spread
to 8 _________.
secret
The Katipunan was a ______________
society.
Sigaw or Sigao
The Filipino term for shouting is
___________.
THE CRY OF PUGAD LAWIN WORKSHEETS
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Fast Facts
Answer Key
Spain
Cry of Pugad Lawin marked the start of the
Philippine Revolution against _________.
Andrés Bonifacio
The Katipunan was led by __________.
Quezon City
Balintawak is now part of ___________.
“cedulas”
Bonifacio rose up in revolt where they tore
their ______________.
Spanish
The cry was as an expression of their open
defiance of _______ rule in the country.
provinces
The revolt later grew in strength and spread
to 8 _________.
secret
The Katipunan was a ______________
society.
sigaw or sigao
The Filipino term for shouting is
___________.
THE CRY OF PUGAD LAWIN WORKSHEETS
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