Survey for
Philippine Literature in English
Reporter: LESLIE CHAVEZ AND JEAN REY GELLE
What is Literature?
- writings in prose or verse. ‫ﷻ‬expression
and expressing ideas of permanent or
universal interest. ‫ﷻ‬body of written works
produced in a particular language, country or
age.
FUNCTIONS OF LITERATURE:
 Entertainment
 Social and Political
 Ideological
 Moral
 Linguistic
 Cultural
 Educational
 Historical
Entertainment
“pleasure reading”
 Used to entertain its readers
 Consumed for one’s enjoyment
Social and Political
Shows
how society works around them
Helps readers “see” social and political
constructions around him
Shows the state of the people and the
world .
IDEOLOGICAL
Shapes
our way of thinking based
on the ideas of other people
 Displays a person’s ideology
placed in the text consciously and
unconsciously
MORAL
Imparts
values to readers
Shapes personality
(whether good or bad)
LINGUISTIC
Preserves language of every
civilization from where it originated
 Evidences that a certain civilization
has existed by recording the
language and preserving it through
wide spans of time.

CULTURAL
Orients
us to the tradition, folklore and
the arts of our ethnic group’s heritage.
Preserves entire culture and
creates an imprint of the people’s
way of living for others to read,
hear and learn

EDUCATIONAL
Teaches
us many things about
human experience (life)
 Used to portray the facets of
life that we see and those we
will never dream of seeing
HISTORICAL
Ancient
texts, illuminated scripts, stone
tablets
Records
of events that happened in the
place where they originate.
Serves
as time capsules of letters that is
studied by scholars and researchers of
today.
ACTIVITY
Record of events that
happened in the place
where they originate
ANSWER: HISTORICAL
Orients us to the
tradition, folklore and
the arts of our ethnic
group’s heritage.
ANSWER: CULTURAL
Shapes our way of
thinking based on the
ideas of other people
ANSWER: IDEOLOGICAL
Pleasure reading
ANSWER: entertainment
Shows the state of the
people and the world
ANSWER: social and political
Teaches us many
things about human
experience (life)
ANSWER: educational
THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION!
REPORTERS: GEROCHE, JYRMIE ANNE AND
GERALAO, BERNARDINE
CRITICAL LENSES
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ARCHETYPAL CRITICISM
FEMINIST CRITICISM
MARXIST CRITICISM
NEW CRITICISM
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOANALYTIC CRITICISM
READER RESPONSE CRITICISM
DECONSTRUCTION
HISTORICAL CRITICISM
STRUCTURALISM
ARCHETYPAL CRITICISM
-Archetypal criticism is a body of
critical interpretations which highlights
the images, psychological symbols, and
ideas, according to the preconceived
patterns of ideas or is shaped by
cultural and psychological myths.
FEMINIST CRITICISM
Is concerned with the ways which
literature reinforce or undermine
the economic, political, social, and
psychological oppression of
women.
- (Tyson 83)
-
 It
aims to view the different
perspective and discover the
women’s contribution to the history
of literature.
 Establish the importance of women’s
writing to save them from being lost
or ignored in the male dominated
world.
Marxist Criticism
An approach to diagnosed political and
social problems in terms of the struggles
between members of different socioeconomic classes.
-Evolving history of humanity, its
institution and its way of thinking
-Historical changes
-Human consciousness
(Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels)
-Evolving history of humanity, its
institution and its way of thinking
-Historical changes
-Human consciousness
New Criticism
-new way of teaching literature
by analyzing a work based only
on that work’s text.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND
PSYCHOANALYTIC
Deals with the work of literature
primarily as an expression in
fictional form of the personality,
state of mind, feelings and desires
of its author. The work of literature
is correlated with its author’s
mental traits.
READER-RESPONSE CRITICISM
Focuses on the activity of
reading a work of literature.
DECONSTRUCTION
Interpretation of a very smart person or very
unstable who declares that literature means
nothing because language means nothing.
One cannot say that we know the meaning of the
story because there is no way of knowing.
HISTORICAL CRITICISM
Requires that you apply to a text specific
historical information about the time
during which an author wrote.
History in this case refers to the social,
political, economic, cultural and
intellectual climate of the time.
STRUCTURALISM
Investigates the kind of patterns
that are built up or broken down
within a text and uses them to get
an interpretation.