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DESIGN BASIS
OF
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
‘Knexir Consultants Private Limited
Name
Department
Sign
Date
Prepared by
Sandesh Sawant
Mechanical
26.03.2018
Checked by
Manik Lubal
Project
26.03.2018
Approved by
Jagdish Pathak
Mechanical
26.03.2018
This document has been reviewed and approved by following personnel:
M/s. National Organic Chemical Industries Ltd.
Name
Reviewed by
Reviewed by
Reviewed by
Approved by
Department
Sign
Date
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Table of Contents
1
PROJECT INFORMATION................................................................................................................... 3
2
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 4
3
WATER SPRAY SYSTEM (MVWS) ....................................................................................................... 5
4
HYDRANT SYSTEM ........................................................................................................................... 8
5
PUMP HOUSE ................................................................................................................................ 12
6
RESERVOIR –.................................................................................................................................. 13
7
PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS ..................................................................................................... 14
8
ABBREVIATIONS: ........................................................................................................................... 16
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1 PROJECT INFORMATION
1.0
Client
:
M/s National Organic Chemical Industries Ltd (NOCIL)
2.0
Plant location
:
PLOT NO. 12/A/1 & 13/A/1, G.I.D.C, BHARUCH, GUJRAT.
3.0
Project
:
Rubber chemical plant
4.0
Site data
Ambient data
:
Other data
5.0
Access to
Site
DBT (0C)
WBT (0C)
RH (%)
Summer
41°C
31°C
53%
Monsoon
33°C
30°C
82%
Winter
12°C
7.5°C
48%
Altitude
By Road
:
Ahmedabad-Mumbai Highway
Railway Station
:
Bharuch
Nearest Airport
:
Vadodara
4-5 m (from sea level)
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2 INTRODUCTION
This report describes the overall design brief for the structures and the systems to be proposed
and installed for the facility. The purpose of this Design Basis Report is to describe in brief the
requirement of Fire protection. During detail design phase, changes are anticipated.
The FPS Package consists of the following Systems:
 Water spray system (MVWS)
 Hydrant System
 Pump House
 Portable Extinguisher
BASIS OF DESIGN
Following points are considered while designing the various systems:
 Secure & safe working conditions.
 The fire & Safety guidelines & industry specific requirement practice & guidelines which
will meet regulatory norms.
 All the systems designed are time tested so that the business operations are uninterrupted
due to unlikely event of fire.
REFERENCE STANDARDS
 National Building Code of India (NBC)
 Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Codes
 Recommended practices of Equipment suppliers
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3 WATER SPRAY SYSTEM (MVWS)
 OBJECTIVE
This report describes the overall design basis for the proposed water spray systems to be installed
at site. The designs of the proposed Systems are based on statutory requirement ensuring
protection of people & property.
This covers the design basis and the design requirements of water spray system to tanks
containing solvents which is having flash point below 65 degree C. The liquids (TBA, CHA) stored
in tanks in tank farm area- 2 and liquids (CS2) stored in tanks in CS2 tankfarm area are having
flash point below 650C. Also as Autoclave area and chlorine shed are high hazard area, total water
flooding of these areas through spray system has been considered. The fire protection system is
being designed to meet the largest fire water demand in the plant.
The system is provided with deluge valve actuated with Quartzoid bulb sprinklers and additional
actuation through manual release on the deluge valve and solenoid valve.
Sprayers direct water over the whole surface preventing dangerous temperature rise and
distortion resulting in further explosions
 REFERENCE STANDARDS
 IS 15325
 NFPA 15
 Tariff Advisory Committee (TAC)
 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
As per IS 15325/TAC guidelines for liquids having flash point below 65 degree Celsius shall need
to have medium velocity water spray system. Sprinklers shall be used as detectors. The system
shall have a deluge valve which gets operated on the pressure drop of the air in the detection
system. After the operation of the deluge valve water is admitted into the system and sprayed
using the sprayers which are located around the tank.

Detection System
Sprinklers shall be used for detection system.
Sprinklers shall be installed in horizontal rows supported on the spray network.
The no of detectors rings shall be equal to no of spray rings.
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The detectors shall be located not more than 1m.

System Design
Medium velocity water shall be applied at a minimum density of 10.2 lpm/m2 of the exposed area.
The supporting legs and the product pipes within the bund area shall also receive water at the
same density.
The network shall be hydraulically so designed as to provide a minimum running pressure of 1.4 bar
at the hydraulically most unfavorable sprayer and not more than 3.5 bars at the hydraulically most
favorable sprayer in the network.
The velocity in the feeder pipes shall not exceed 4.5m/s when sprayers discharge at their normal
rates.

Distribution of Sprayers
Sprayers shall be spaced at not more than 2.5m in the rings when measured along the curved
surface of the vessels.
There shall be a ring for every 3.5m height of the shell.
Sprayers in each successive ring will be staggered.
Sprayers shall be installed at not less than 550mm or more than 650mm from the surface.

Flow Demand
1. Tankfarm 2 Area:
Sr. No
Tank Sr no
Tank Capacity
Solvent stored
1
2
TF-301
TF-401
50 KL
50 KL
TBA
CHA
Dia (m)
Height (m)
3.85
4.85
3.85
4.85
Total Surface Area
Total SA (sq .m)
70
70
140
2. CS2 Tankfarm Area:
Sr. No
Tank Sr no
Tank Capacity
Solvent stored
1
2
TF-202
TF-203
25 KL
25 KL
CS2
CS2
Dia (m)
Height (m)
3.0
4.05
3.0
4.05
Total Surface Area
Total SA (sq .m)
46
46
92
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3. Autoclave area:
Entire plan area of Autoclave is considered for calculating water demand for this area;
Sr. No
Floor Level
Length
1
2
3
Ground Floor
First Floor
Second Floor
11
11
11
Width
7.8
2.5
7.8
Total floor Area
Total SA (sq .m)
85.8
27.5
85.8
199.1
4. Chlorine Shed:
Entire plan area of Chlorine Shed is considered for calculating water demand for this area;
Sr. No
Floor Level
Length
1
Ground Floor
18.3
Width
9.6
Total floor Area
Total SA (sq .m)
175.68
175.68
Amongst the tables provided above, Auto clave is having the maximum area hence water demand
will be maximum for this area. Hence, calculations for maximum water demand of MVWS System
area as follows;
Note- The surface areas of tanks and plan areas of Rooms have been calculated approximately
considering the drawing given.
Exact surface area will be calculated during detailed engineering.
The pump capacity has been designed not considering the future tanks of Tank farm.

Theoretical Water required for medium velocity spray system:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
vii)
viii)
Total Surface Area
- 199.1 sq.m
Design Density
- 10.2 Lpm/m2
Water required
- 2030.8 LPM
10% Design Margin
- 2233.9 LPM
Hydrant requirement - 1700 LPM
Pump capacity
- 2233.9 + 1700 = 3934.9 LPM= 236m3/hr
Pump Selected
- 273 m3/hr @ required head
Water storage tank requirement = 273 X 1.5 = 409.5 Say 450 M3
Note: By using this system the fire may not be extinguished completely. The objective of this
application is to control the rate of burning, prevent dangerous increase of pressure in vessels exposed
to the fire and protect adjacent plot and buildings.
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4 HYDRANT SYSTEM
4.1 OBJECTIVE
The firefighting system is provided for the purpose of fire extinguishing, fire intensity control, and
/or fire exposure protection. Hydrant system is the backbone of fire protection system.
4.2 REFERENCE STANDARDS





National Building Code – 2016
Indian Standards (IS) – 3844 – Internal Hydrant System
Indian Standards (IS) – 13039 – External Hydrant System
Indian Standards (IS) – 12469 – Pumps for Fire Fighting System
NFPA 14
4.3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Design Pressure
Design pressure of the equipment and materials used in the fire water network and the water
firefighting system shall not be less than the sum of maximum suction pressure and shut off
pressure of the fire water pump.
Design temperature
The design temperature for the equipment and material shall be:
55 oC for those subject to direct sun
45 oC for those not subject to direct sun
HYDRANT SYSTEM:
Hazard
As per NBC/IS 3844/IS 13039/ NOC
Ordinary Hazard (for Proposed Building Structures)
IS 13039 Annexure B (Clause 3)
CLAUSE
IS 3844 Table 1
(Clauses - 4.1.1,4.1.2,5.1.1,5.2.1, 5.3.1, 5.4.1 and 7.2)
NBC 2016 Table 7
(Clauses-3.1.1, 3.1.8, 3.2.2.2, 3.4.6.2, 4.5.2, 6.7.1.1)
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4.4 BASIC SYSTEMS DESIGN & OPERATION
The proposed buildings are provided with the following type of fire protection systems:
 External Fire Hydrant system.
 Internal Fire Hydrant system.
4.5 EXTERNAL FIRE HYDRANT SYSTEM
The hydrants are spaced as per Ordinary hazard at 45 m spacing. The entire plant is protected
with hydrants.
The exact quantity of hydrants shall be worked out during detailed engineering by the firefighting
vendor as per IS guidelines. The vetting of the entire firefighting system from IS (Local CFO)
accredited professional agency and getting approval shall be the responsibility of the firefighting
vendor.
The hydrant system is designed to protect the buildings and equipment’s by providing hydrants
around the area as mentioned above. The water monitors shall be provided at strategic locations
especially near tank farm areas.









The system mains run above ground and shall be provided required number isolation valves to
facilitate the maintenance.
The installation is to provide with adequate number of isolation valves at suitable locations for
the purpose of isolation during the event of fire or during emergencies.
The External hydrants shall be provided around the plant building. The ring main has been
proposed around the building.
The riser for internal hydrant shall be tapped to this ring.
Maximum spacing between two external hydrants shall not be more than 45mtrs as per
requirements of NBC and IS 13039.
Each External hydrant station shall consist of one no. single headed hydrant valve along with
two no’s of hoses with one branch nozzle.
An isolation valve shall be provided after every four external hydrants for ease of
maintenance.
The hydrant station shall be located within 2 meters to 15 meters from external wall of
Building, in compliance with NBC and IS 13039.
During detail engineering will decide the water cum foam monitor/double hydrant or single
hydrant requirement for tank farm area.
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4.6 INTERNAL FIRE HYDRANT SYSTEM
The water to the Internal Hydrant system shall be fed through vertical risers as shown in
respective floor drawings. This riser shall be further connected to the delivery headers in the
pump room.












In compliance with NBC and IS 3844, the hydrant system shall be designed with a Hydrant and
First aid Hose Reel System. The Hydrant Stations with Fire Hose Reel shall be provided preferably
at Main landing of all stairs wherever possible and to meet requirements of Local Fire
authorities.
In the fire escape staircases, the location of fire hydrant station shall be inside the staircase so
that it will be easily accessible / available to the fireman without entering into the affected
area (Floor area) as per consultation with Architects. Refer Floor layout drawings for locations
of Fire Hydrant Cabinets.
System shall be hydraulically designed to provide water flow at minimum residual pressure of
3.5 Kg/cm2 at outlet of most remote hydrant valve, with 2 nearest & one farthest in operation.
The maximum pressure in the riser at any point at any time shall not exceed 12.1 bar (12.3
Kg/cm2). However, to avoid high pressure at outlet of fire hydrant valves, near to pump room,
(restricted up to 7 Bars), orifice plates shall be designed.
Hose connection and hose station shall be unobstructed and shall be located not less than 0.9
meters or more than 1.2 meters from finished floor level.
4 way fire brigade inlets for pumping water into main internal hydrant risers shall be provided
through ring-main. Fire brigade inlet shall be located and arranged so that hose lines can be
readily and conveniently attached to the inlets without external interference.
Isolation valve shall be of OS and Y type with rising spindle.
The hydrant risers shall be terminated with air release valve at the highest points to release
the trapped air in the pipe work along with necessary accessories.
Each internal hydrant station shall consist of single headed hydrant valve with one hose
cabinet and a wall mounted hose reel complete with shut off nozzle & clamps,
Hose cabinet consist of 2 Nos of RRL canvas type ‘B’ hoses complete with 1 no branch nozzle
The Hydrant cabinets shall be provided in all areas as shown in drawing.
The hydrant cabinets shall be provided at designated locations shown in the drawing. The
cabinets shall be in the form of doors (where niche and the cavity) is provided and it shall be in
the form of boxes where no such provision is made. The size of the door cabinets shall be as
such to accommodate all the accessories mentioned above.
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4.7 HYDRANT SYSTEM OPERATION
Maximum operating pressure required at the remotest point is – 3.5 kg/cm2. All above pump sets
are to be installed in the Fire Water pump house.
Depending on the location of pumps, the hydrostatic head at base of facility will be worked out.
4.8 EXISTING HYDRANTS DETAILS
Single Hydrant stand points
Double Hydrant stand points
Fire Escape Hydrant points
Foam-water monitors
Water Monitors
- 37
- 00
- 31
- 04 = 8 Hydrants
- 12 = 24 hydrants
Additional tentative new points for proposed hydrant system: (Actual qty may vary during
detail engineering and change in layout)
External Single Hydrant stand points - 10
Fire Escape Hydrant points - 17
So considering proposed hydrants total number of hydrants will be @ 127 nos
4.9 Pump Capacity Selection
As per NBC 2016 & IS 12469, if total no of Hydrants in a plant exceeds – 100 nos. then 2 sets
of Pumps of capacity 273 m3/hr shall be selected. But as per NFPA 14, clause 7.10.1.1.3 and
7.10.1.2.3, single pump of 273 m3/hr is sufficient for all hydrant points.
As per NFPA 14 the Pump capacity for hydrant system is 273 m3/hr @ required head is
sufficient though hydrants exceeding 100nos. But same has to be confirmed with local CFO
because as per NBC 2016 & IS 12469 will require additional set of pump of 273 m3/hr for
number of hydrants exceeding 100.
We can conclude the requirement of additional pump sets as per provisional NOC
(CFO recommendation).
*Note : Hydraulic Calculations shall be submitted for Head calculations.
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5 PUMP HOUSE
Existing Pumps details (as per Site Data received)
Sr. No.
1
2
3
Pump
Main Electrical Pump
Diesel Engine Driven Pump
Jockey pump
Capacity
273 m3/hr
273 m3/hr
16.8 m3/hr
Head
88 M
88 M
88 M
Pump Capacity calculated for different Fire Systems is as follows;
MVWS + Hose allowance
Hydrant System
= 236 m3/hr
= 273 m3/hr
Proposed pumps set if demanded by CFO as per below table
If required additional pump set as per provisional NOC (CFO recommendation) then below is the list of
proposed pump sets.
Sr. No.
Pump Type
Demand
1
Main electrical pump for Hydrant &
MVWS system
Jockey Pump for Hydrant & MVWS
system
Dedicated Common Standby Diesel
Engine Pump for Hydrant & MVWS
system
273 m3/ hr
2
5
10.8 cum /hrs
Same as Main Pump
Capacity
Pump Capacity
Provided
273 m3/ hr @ reqd
mtrs head
10.8 hr @ reqd mtrs
head
273 m3/ hr @ reqd
mtrs head
Note:
1. Fire System for External warehouse is not considered in the current scope.
2. There will be separate Fire systems for External Warehouse.
3. For existing pumps, we will verify the pump head requirement by hydraulic calculation during detail
engineering.
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6 RESERVOIR –
Hence Tank capacity selected for single set of pump = 273 m3/hr X 2hr = 546 say 550 m3.
If additional pump set is recommended by CFO then fire storage tank capacity shall be = 273 m3/hr X 2 X
2hr = 1092 say 1100 m3.
Existing fire water tank capacity available at site is 1800 cum. Hence same can be utilized for proposed fire
system water requirement.
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7 PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
7.1
OBJECTIVE
The objective is to protect the entire premises with suitable Fire Extinguishers approved and
certified for particular application. The extinguishers shall form as a first aid action against small
and incipient fire so as to extinguish fire even before it develops into a major hazard.
7.2
REFERENCE STANDARD
 Relevant IS Standard:- IS 2190:2010
7.3
TYPE OF FIRES:
a. Class A Fire: Fires involving solid combustible materials of organic nature such as wood, paper,
rubber, plastics, etc, where the cooling effect of water is essential for extinction of fires.
b. Class B Fire: Fires involving flammable liquids or liquefiable solids or the like where a blanketing
effect is essential.
c. Class C Fire: Fires involving flammable gases under pressure including liquefied gases, where it is
necessary to inhibit the burning gas at fast rate with an inert gas, powder or vaporizing liquid for
extinguishment.
d. Class D Fire: Fires involving combustible metals, such as magnesium, aluminium zinc, sodium,
potassium, etc, when the burning metals are reactive to water and water containing agents and
in certain cases carbon dioxide, halogenated hydrocarbons and ordinary dry powders. These fires
require special media and techniques to extinguish.
7.4
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The Extinguishers proposed is to protect all the equipment, areas with relevant type of suitable
Fire Extinguishers.
Carbon-di-oxide Extinguishers are proposed as it is an inert gas with no residue, is electrically nonconductive and ideal for all electrical protection application.
ABC type Extinguishers are proposed for Type ‘A’ class fire, which is stored, pressured type and is
used as protection against fires caused from solids like powders, tables, furniture, curtains, etc.
Water/ Foam Type Extinguishers are proposed for protection against fire causing from fires
caused due to class B fire.
FE 36 type Clean Agent fire extinguishers are proposed for critical rooms like server, hub rooms
etc.
Carbon-di-oxide of 4.5 kg and ABC Type 2/4/6 Kg capacity shall be provided as first aid fire
extinguishing appliances for electrical fire.
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The appliances shall be so distributed over the entire floor area so that a person has to travel not
more than 15 m to reach the nearest appliance. These shall be placed or hanged on wall in a
group on several suitable places.
The number and capacity of extinguishers shall be calculated as per IS 2190 during detail engineering.
Approved Makes: SUPREMEX / BHARATI FIRE / KANEX
IS 2190 - Table 3 - Suitability of Different types of Fire Extinguishers for Different Classes of Fire
Sr. No.
Type of Extinguisher
Type of Fire
A
B
C
1
Water type (gas cartridge), IS 940 and IS 13385
S
NS
NS
2
Water type (Stored Pressure), IS 6234
S
NS
NS
3
Mechanical Foam type (gas cartridge), IS 10204 and IS
S
S
NS
13386
4
Mechanical Foam type (Stored Pressure), IS 14951 and IS
S
S
NS
15397
5
Dry Powder type (Stored Pressure), IS 13849
S
S
S
6
Dry Powder type (gas cartridge), IS 2171 and IS 10658
S
S
S
7
Dry Powder type for Metal Fires, IS 11833
NS
NS
NS
8
Carbon Dioxide type, IS2878 and IS 8149
NS
S
S
9
Clean Agent Gas type, IS 15683
S
S
S
10
Halon 1211 type, IS 4862 (Part-I) and IS 11108
S
S
S
Note:
S - Suitable
NS - Not Suitable
D
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
NS
S
NS
NS
NS
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8 ABBREVIATIONS:
SHORT FORM
DESCRIPTION
Ft.
Feet
m
Meter
Sqft
Square Feet
Sqm
Square Meter
AHU
Air handling unit
m/s
Meter per Second
0
C
Degree Celsius
mm
Millimeter
Cu m
Cubic Meter
Hrs.
Hours
MWC
Meter of Water Column
M²
Square Meter
LPM
Liter Per Minute
Kg/cm²
Kilogram per Square centimeter
No.
Number
DG
Diesel Generator
UPS
Un-Interrupted power supply
VESDA
Very early smoke detection apparatus
FRLS
Fire retardant low smoke
BMS
Building Management System
Ph
Phase
STP
Sewage Treatment Plant
F&S
Fire & Safety
NBC
National Building Code
UL
Underwriters Laboratories (Safety
Consulting)
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SHORT FORM
DESCRIPTION
GI
Galvanized Iron
SS
Stainless steel
ERW
Electric Resistance Welded
Bar
Pressure Unit
PESCO/CCOE
Petroleum and Explosive Safety
Organization/Chief Controller of Explosives
OEM
Original Equipment Manufacture
LPCB
Loss prevention council board
FMRC
Factory mutual research corporation
AHJ
Authority having jurisdiction
CFO
Chief fire officer
DOT
Department of transportation
EN
European standards
AMAO
Assumed Maximum Area Of Operation
NFPA
National Fire Protection Association
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