Presented by:
Dr. Rajesh Ranjan
MBBS, MD, DNB
Associate Professor
Medical Care and Hospital Admin.
NIHFW
What is Job Stress?
• Job stress can lead to poor
health, and even injury.
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Illustration by ®Mary Ann Zapalac
• When the requirements of the
job are too much for you and
result in physical and
emotional distress.
Types of stress
• Eustress: Increase work, better efficiency, Better
performance
• Distress: Decreases performance
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
STRESSOMETER
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
STRESS FACTORS
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
When we are stressed, our:
• Blood pressure rises(High blood pressure)
• Breathing becomes more rapid.
• Digestive system slows down.
• Heart rate (pulse) rises.
• Chest pain or a feeling like your heart is racing.
• Immune system goes down.
• Sleeping can be more of a problem. Aches and
pains.
• Exhaustion or trouble sleeping.
• Headaches, dizziness or shaking.
• Muscles become tense or jaw clenching.
• Stomach or digestive problems.
• Trouble having sex.
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Photo by ®Thinkstock
The Effect of Stress on Our Bodies
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Stress Affects Us in Many Ways
Our behavior
and interactions.
Photo by ®Thinkstock
Photo by ®Thinkstock
Our bodies.
Photo by ®Thinkstock
Our thoughts
and feelings.
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Setting Healthy
and Safe Boundaries
Pair Activity
Rank your assigned scenarios from 1 to 3:
1—This is healthy and safe boundary setting.
2—This is less safe and healthy.
3—This is unsafe and unhealthy.
Discuss with your partner why you are ranking the
scenarios as you do.
You have 5 minutes for your discussion!
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Healthy and Safe Boundaries:
Worker Responsibilities
• Come to work without friends or family.
• Do not discuss your life problems that might worry
or concern colleagues
• Do not give out your phone number to patients
• Never take money or gifts from clients.
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Healthy and Safe
Boundaries—Speak Up
• Speak up if a client is treating you in ways
that are stressful to you.
•
•
•
•
Don’t work hours you aren’t paid for.
Don’t perform tasks you are not trained to do!
Report concerns to your supervisor
Ask for training and tools you need.
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
This is the story of Mohan…
When Mohan first started with
his organization (the county),
he loved his job!
He went into work every day
filled with purpose and
passion, and he was excited
about the difference he could
make in his new role.
12
This is the story of Mohan…
Three years later, however, it's
hard to recognize him. Now,
Mohan dreads going to work.
He feels as if his work is
meaningless, he's always detached
and aloof, and he calls in sick
frequently.
Stress+ Exhaustion + long term
disillusionment =
13
14
Is it “stress” or “burnout?”
Vocabulary…
15
What’s the difference?
Stress
 Characterized by over-
engagement
 Emotions are over-reactive
 Produces urgency and
hyperactivity
Burnout
 Characterized by
disengagement
 Emotions are blunted
 Produces helplessness and
hopelessness
 Loss of motivation, ideals,
and hope
16
The Results
Stress
•Leads to anxiety disorders
•Primary damage is physical
•May kill you prematurely
Burnout
•Leads to detachment and
depression
•Primary damage is emotional
•May make life seem not worth
living – may lead to suicide
17
What causes
job Burnout?
18
What causes job burnout?
1. Lack of control
2. Unclear job expectations
3. Dysfunctional workplace
dynamics
4. Mismatch in values
5. Poor job fit
6. Extremes of activity
7. Lack of social support
8. Work-life imbalance
9. Depersonalization
10. Reduced personal
accomplishment
11. Emotional exhaustion
19
Burnout - Physical
Warning Signs and Symptoms
 Feeling tired and drained
 Chest pain, shortness of
 Lowered immunity; feeling
breath, sleeplessness, or
heart palpitations.
(Make sure that you see a
physician about these!)
sick
 Frequent headaches, back
pain, muscle aches
 Change in appetite or sleep
habits
20
Burnout – Emotional
Warning Signs and Symptoms
 Sense of failure & self doubt
 Feeling helpless, trapped, and
defeated
 Detachment; feeling alone
 Loss of motivation
 Cynical & negative outlook
 Decreased satisfaction &
sense of accomplishment
21
Burnout - Behavioral
Warning Signs & Symptoms
 Withdrawing from
responsibilities
 Isolating yourself
 Using food, drugs, or
alcohol to cope
 Taking out frustrations on
others
 Procrastinating
 Skipping work, being late,
leaving early
22
You may be on the road to
burnout if:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Every day is a bad day.
Caring about your work or home
life seems like a total waste of
energy.
You’re exhausted all the time.
The majority of your day is spent
on tasks you find either mindnumbingly dull or overwhelming.
You feel like nothing you do
makes a difference or is
appreciated.
23
Strategies for Combating Job Burnout
1. Identify the cause
2. Create balance
3. Your physical
health
4. Time OUT
5. Address it
6. Talk it out
7. Breathe
24
Tips and Strategies
for Speaking Up
Be assertive! Take steps to solve the
problems that cause you stress at work …
 Make a list of the issues. Come up with
ideas of ways to reduce these problems.
don’t overwhelm yourself.
 Talk with others who can help give you
ideas and solve problems.
 Prepare to speak up!
Photo by ®Thinkstock
 Select one or two issues to work on—
Tips and Strategies
for Managing Stress
 Exercise—find what you like to do.
 Eat well and nutritiously.
 Get enough sleep.
 Keep up-to-date on vaccinations,
such as flu shots.
 Avoid alcohol, drugs, and caffeine.
 Make time each day to relax, laugh,
and reflect.
Illustration by ®Mary Ann Zapalac
 Talk with a friend or counselor.
Your Proactive Action Plan to Prevent
Burnout
1.
Take active responsibility for your career
& life.
2.
Take care of your body’s basic needs.
3.
Create balance in your life. Develop
interests outside of work. Take a
vacation!
4.
Strengthen your body, mind, spirit and
personal relationships.
5.
Focus on the positive.
6.
Recognize when you need help and ASK!
27
28
Ways to Reduce Stress With
Therapy
 Aromatherapy : Aromatherapy is a stress-relief practice that involves
diffusing essential oils, such as lavender and sandalwood, to improve
mood, relieve stress, and promote better sleep. While the exact
mechanisms by which aromatherapy helps relieve stress are unclear,
studies suggest that it may be effective at reducing perceived stress.9
 Art Therapy: Art therapy is a process in which you work with crayons,
watercolors, clay, or other materials to create artwork. Through this
process, you can experience new expression of your thoughts, self-efficacy,
and coping abilities, which can help prevent or manage stress.10
 Hydrotherapy: Hydrotherapy is the use of water, ice, or steam with various
temperatures, pressures, durations, and sites for health promotion.
Hydrotherapy can be practiced at home, such as with a warm bath, steam
room, or taking a cold shower. Swimming is another form of hydrotherapy
that may help decrease tension and improve well-being.11
29
 Massage Therapy
 Massage therapy—a technique that involves manipulating
soft tissues—offers pain relief. It can be effective for
helping to relieve tension in the neck, back, and shoulders
caused by stress.12 Many types of massage therapy exist,
such as Swedish, classical, shiatsu, and tuina.
 Music Therapy
 Music therapy consists of listening, using instruments, or
singing to promote physical and psychological health. Even
just listening to music for 30 minutes a day is associated
with a reduction in stress and anxiety.
30
31
QUESTIONS?
Dr. Rajesh Ranjan
09212736852
dr. rajeshranjan@nihfw.org
32