PRESSURE
MEASURING
EQUIPMENTS
INDUSTRY SITE VISIT
Objective of
CEP
1: To visit the oil company
2: To observe the process of pressure measuring instruments
along with their working.
Scope of CEP
Oil companies aim to lower operational costs while meeting regulatory requirements. One method
of fulfilling both of these goals is implementing reliable measurement and monitoring
technology—such as temperature and pressure instruments—in oil equipment/systems. These
devices allow engineers to monitor and track temperature, pressure, and other critical operating
parameter levels and determine when system updates or modifications are required to achieve
peak performance.
By optimizing their operations, companies can better ensure the safety of their employees, the
quality of their products, and the efficiency of their processes. Combined, this translates to
greater cost savings and compliance with environmental sustainability practices.
Methodology
MACHENICAL PRESSURE GUAGE
Pressure gauges are used for a variety of industrial and application-specific pressure monitoring
applications. Mechanical, or analog, pressure gauges have an analog face which displays the
pressure reading using a dial.
Diaphragm Pressure Gauge
Bellows Pressure Gauge
Piezometer Pressure Guage
On Site Bellows Pressure Gauge
Bellows pressure gauges are devices used to
measure absolute and differential pressure. The main
element, the bellows, is a flexible membrane in the
gauge whose expansion and contraction support the
measurement of pressure difference in the system. It
is the diameter of the bellows that determines what
force can be transmitted to the transmission
mechanism. In order to have sufficient surface area
for the pressure to act on, a larger diameter is
selected for the measurement of very low pressures.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The main component of the bellow pressure gauge is a bellow, which is a convoluted, elastic,
thin-walled metallic cylinder (A), which moves axially when there is a change in pressure. Most
bellows are spring-loaded which helps in preventing the full expansion of the bellow. The limit in
expansion prevents bellows from damage and improves its service life. The bellows are
connected to the pressure inlet (C) and the linkage which is attached to the pointer (B)
When the pressure to be measured is applied to one side of the bellow (inner or outer layer),
the pressure results in the movement of the bellow. This linear movement of the bellow is then
transmitted to the linkage. The displacement is then indicated by the pointer that is in contact
with the linkage to display the accurate pressure measurement in the system.
Pressure compressor
In a compressor, pressure is generated by pumping
quantities of gas into a tank or other pressure vessel.
Progressively increasing the amount of gas in the
confined or fixed-volume space increases the
pressure. The effects of pressure exerted by a
confined gas result from the force acting on the
container walls. This force is caused by the rapid and
repeated bombardment from the enormous number
of molecules that are present in a given quantity of
gas.
Actual condition of instrument
TANK GAUGING
Many people like the advantages of using a
hydrostatic measurement to determine liquid levels in
tanks. These measurements are made with bubblers,
or for non-pressurized tanks with a direct head
technique. Manometers and mechanical gauges are
used in this application because of their simplicity of
installation and calibration and because of their high
accuracy at a low price.
Conclusion
On site, we analyze the pressure measured by a pressure gauge is always above the atmospheric
pressure. Hence, absolute pressure of the system is obtained by adding atmospheric pressure to
the pressure measured by gauge pressure. With the help of this process we are able to provide a
proper flow of oil according to our needs.