Inclusive Learning
Flexible Learning
●
“Inclusive learning
and teaching
recognises all
student’s entitlement
to a learning
experience that
respects diversity,
enables participation,
removes barriers and
anticipates and
considers a variety of
learning needs and
preferences.” HEA
framework for student access,
retention, attainment and
progression
●
Flexible learning is a
student-centered
approach that provides
students with choice in
what and how they
learn, when and where
they learn. Alise Crossland &
UDL
●
Kristin Ruedel, American Institutes
for Research
●
Three
overarching
principles
for
UDL:
multiple
means
of
engagement,
multiple
means of representation,
and multiple means of
action
and
expression.(CAST (2018).
OBE
●
“OBE
is
education
clearly
used
in
because
it
focuses
and
organizes everything in
an educational system
around
what
is
for
all
necessary
UDL is grounded in
emerging insights about
brain
development,
learning, and digital
media”. (Rose and Meyer., 2002).
students to be able to do
at
the
end
of
their
learning..”Asim, H. M., Vaz, A., Ahmed,
A., & Sadiq, S. (2021).
●
“Universal Design for
Learning (UDL) is a set of
principles that can be used
to guide course design and
delivery with the goal of
enhancing the learning for
the greatest number of
students. (Al-Azawei et al., 2016;
CAST, 2018; Rose et al., 2006).
●
Outcomes
education
based
(OBE)
is
a
process that involves the
restructuring
curriculum,
of.
assessment
and reporting practices in
education to reflect the
achievement
order
of
high
learning
and
mastery rather than the
“Universal Design for Learning
(UDL), a framework for
designing instruction to address
accumulation of
course
credits” (Tucker, 2004).
the wide range of learner
variation in today’s inclusive
classrooms, can be applied
effectively to broaden access,
understanding, and engagement in
digital and media literacy learning
for ALL. UDL supports
constructivist learning principles”
(Dalton, E. 2017)
“The design and delivery of
teaching, learning and
assessment methods that
allow all students to engage
meaningfully with the
curriculum and achieve their
full potential.” Phil Gravestock,
●
University of Wolverhampton,
presented at Institute of Physics, May
2017, Building momentum towards
inclusive teaching and learning
Flexible Learning is a
set
of
educational
philosophies
and
systems,
concerned
with providing learners
with increased choice,
convenience,
and
personalisation to suit
the
learner.
In
particular,
flexible
learning
provides
learners with choices
about where, when, and
how learning occurs”.
(Joan, R., 2007).
●
It
applies
learnercentered constructivism
approach which is
indicated by a shift from
the teacher taking
learning responsibilities
to the learner taking
these responsibilities as
well (Lewis & Spencer, 1986;
Goode, 2007).
●
OBE
is
a
system
of
education giving priority
to
ends,
purpose,
accomplishments,
results.
about
All
the
and
decisions
curriculum,
assessment,
and
instruction are driven by
the
exit
outcomes
the
learning
students
should display at the end
of a program or a course.
(Rao, N.J., 2020)).