1 Library Assignment Instructions Topic : Dental Care (Children population) PICOT: In children aged one to three years old, does pacifier usage increase the risk for abnormal orofacial development compared to non-pacifier use in the span of ten years? 1) Think about your search strategy. Identify and list terms you might use to search for articles relevant to your question. Effects of Pacifier use Finger sucking/ thumb sucking Dental care in children Malocclusions in children Orofacial structure and pacifiers 2) Perform your first search for evidence (write brief comments here). What databases did you use? 1) CSUStan One Search What terms did you use? 1) Pacifier uses in children 2) Pacifier use and dental care What terms were most useful? 1) Pacifier use 2) Dental care 3) Orofacial structure How many “hits” were returned? 1) First search: 10,089 results 2) Second search: 889 3) What might be some of the filters you can place on your search to increase your success in finding relevant articles? Apply three successive filters and indicate the affect on the number of “hits” returned. Filters can be years, humans, types of publications, etc. First filter: Changed year range to 2010-2022 Hits: 534 Second filter: Resource type-Articles Third filter: Relevant subjects: Dentistry, children, pediatrics Hits: 269 Hits: 383 Library Assignment Instructions 2 4) From among your search results, select two articles related to your topic. Write the citation in correct APA format. Caruso, S., Nota, A., Darvizeh, A., Severino, M., Gatto, R., & Tecco, S. (2019). Poor oral habits and malocclusions after usage of orthodontic pacifiers: An observational study on 35 years old children. BMC Pediatrics, 19(1), 294–294. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887019-1668-3 Schmid, K. M., Kugler, R., Nalabothu, P., Bosch, C., & Verna, C. (2018). The effect of pacifier sucking on orofacial structures: A systematic literature review. Progress in Orthodontics, 19(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-018-0206-4 5) What is the level of evidence for each of the study? Refer to level of evidence chart from Module 1. 1. I believe this study falls under a level three: Quasi-experimental Studies. This is because it is an observational study that is nonrandomized with a certain population of pre-school children (ages 3-5). 2. This study is a level one because it is a systematic review. 6) Respond to the following questions. This paper is practice for you to explore your potential questions and ideas for your final paper. A. Why did you choose this topic? o Our group initially had several ideas when it came to dental care. Some included cavities in children, fluoride benefits, oral care in non-English speaking, low income, or special needs families. One of my group members mentioned a personal problem her sister encountered with her child’s bite after the use of pacifiers. We were all interested in learning more about the risks of pacifiers. I ended up doing a quick search and found some interesting articles, so we decided to keep going forward with the topic. B. How does it relate to nursing science? Why might it be important to practicing nurses? o This topic is reelevate to nursing science because changes can be made in the medical practice if serious risks are discovered. At the hospital I work for currently, we give sweeties and pacifiers to babies as soothing measures when assessments or procedures are being performed. o As nurses, it is our duty to educate families when education is needed. I believe the risks and benefits of pacifiers is information needed to know especially for nurses working in the NICU, or L&D, where families are cautious of what to give their new baby. Also, I realized long term effects are not as commonly talked about versus short term effects. Library Assignment Instructions 3 C. Summarize the purpose of the two studies that you’ve selected and key findings. Put these ideas into your own words. Do not copy what the authors said and do not cut and paste. Use your own voice. The first study by Caruso et al. (2019), was to evaluate pacifier use being associated with dental occlusions and other predisposing factors for poor oral habits. The study included 198 pre-school children, ages 3-5 years, that used exclusively orthodontic pacifiers. About 80% of the children studied first started using the pacifier within the first 3 months of life. About 44% continued using them over a 2-year period. The study concluded that orthodontic pacifiers did not cause the development of poor oral habits. The study also mentioned that those that did use an orthodontic pacifier at 0-3 months, were less likely to develop the thumb sucking habit. The second study by Schmid et al. (2018), uses a systematic literature approach to find evidence on pacifier sucking in correlation to orofacial structure. Over 2000 articles were found, but only 17 that met the selection criteria. There was an association found between pacifiers and the presence of an anterior open bite and posterior crossbite. Conversely, orthodontic pacifiers were shown to cause fewer open bites. It was also mentioned that the use of pacifiers is dependent on duration and frequency of use. The study concluded that the evidence found was moderate, and higher level of evidence is still missing. D. How did the library search help develop your own personal research skills? o This library search has helped me understand the importance of narrowing searches as much as possible to get articles that closely match what I am researching. For example, I am glad I found the systemic review article because it also references all the articles they selected to review as part of their study. That article is a great starting to point to find other literature reviews. Overall, I will continue to use the CSU Stan library in particular for future classes as it had several great resources and was an easy tool to explore.
