Arnaiz, Angel S.
Health Education
BSN1- B-7
Assignment 1
BEHAVIORIST LEARNING THEORY
The Behaviorist theory states that people learn through responding to stimuli. In this
regard, educators must provide an appropriate stimulus for their learners. They should
also consider their learners by determining what triggers their stimuli. Teachers may be
able to grab their students' attention based on their approach or the use of a particular
strategy.
For example, in dental clinics, children used to fear having their teeth extracted. On the
other hand, dentists have a plan for how they will approach their patients to alleviate
their fear. They should observe their patients' responses to develop a concept on how to
control the environment of the intended change and for the youngsters to have a
stimulus-response. For example, they have discovered that children are attracted to the
stuffed toy in the clinic; therefore, their strategy will be to provide them with a stuffed toy
to hold during the procedure. Children will become accustomed to the scenario over
time until they get used to it even without a reward. According to McLeod (2020),
Behaviorism is only concerned with observable stimulus-response behaviors, as they
can be studied in a systematic and observable manner.
COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORY
Cognitive theory is all about the mind, specifically perception, memories, and
information processing methods. In this theory, there is a concept known as
metacognition, which is understanding one's own way of learning. For example, as a
nursing student, I study before exams by rewriting my notes while listening to ambient
music because I am a visual learner and can concentrate by having background music.
As a result, this helps me memorize and process the information. Also, it has been
proved that it helps me absorb and remember the information throughout the exam,
which leads me to get a good result.
There are cognitive theories, one of which is the Gestalt perspective, which involves the
learner's perception of learning. The Gestalt assumption states that "everyone
perceives, understands, and responds to any information in his or her own unique way."
For example, I used to believe that anemia and low blood pressure were the same
things. However, my perspective toward it has changed after receiving proper health
education from a doctor. I recognized that anemia refers to a lack of red blood cells,
whereas low blood pressure happens when blood pressure is lower than usual.
Cognitive learning occurs when the doctor evaluates my perceptions of the distinction
between anemia and low blood pressure.. According to David (2020), An interaction
occurs when a learner attribute predicts a different outcome depending on the teaching
method.
According to cognitive theory, learners should process information. Learners must
comprehend the information they are receiving. Individual information processing is vital
because we will know where and when to use the information as we obtain it.
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY OF ALBERT BANDURA
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory emphasizes the need for a good environment.
According to Bandura's theory, people acquire or adopt behaviors and attitudes from
their environment. The social learning theory is a psychological viewpoint that states
people obtain knowledge on how to function by modeling themselves after the people
whom they have observed (Cherry, 2021).
For application, our instructor will be our role model as a student nurse, and there will
be vicarious reinforcement, which can be positive or negative. The student nurse will
pay attention and observe their instructor during the attentional phase. On the other
hand, during the retention phase, the student nurse will absorb the knowledge and try to
remember what he learned. We will do what we have learned or copy what we see with
our instructor during the reproduction phase. If we do the demonstration well during the
motivational phase, we will be rewarded, or what we call reinforcement. In this situation,
we will get the opportunity to practice what we have learned.
To conclude, we can learn the necessary skills and behaviors if we have a good role
model and a proper environment.
REFERENCES:
McLeod, S. (2020). Behaviorist approach. Retrieved from
https://www.simplypsychology.org/behaviorism.html?ezoic_amp=1
Cherry, K. (2021). How Social Learning theory works. Retrieved from
https://www.verywellmind.com/social-learning-theory-2795074
David, C. (2020). Learning and Cognitive Styles in Web-Based Learning: Theory,
Evidence, and Application. Retrieved from
https://journals.lww.com/academicmedicine/Fulltext/2005/03000/Learning_and_Cognitiv
e_Styles_in_Web_Based.12.aspx