CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely BUAD 202 – Statistics for Business and Economics – Spring 2022 Case Assignment # 1 Case Problem #1 – “Heavenly Chocolates Website Transactions” CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely BUAD 202 – Statistics for Business and Economics Case Assignment # 1 – Heavenly Chocolates 1. Descriptive Statistics Descriptive Statistics provided by Excel follows: Time (min) Pages Viewed Amount Spent ($) Mean 12.8 4.8 68.13 Standard Error 0.86 0.29 4.57 Median 11.4 4.5 62.15 Mode 11.4 4 #N/A Standard Deviation 6.06 2.04 32.34 36.76 4.15 1046.12 Skewness 1.45 0.65 1.05 Range 28.6 8 140.67 Minimum 4.3 2 17.4 Maximum 32.9 10 158.51 640.5 241 3406.41 Sample Variance Sum CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely Histograms - CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely Interpretation of the Descriptive Statistics Time. The mean amount of time customers spent browsing on Heavenly Chocolate’s website is 12.8 minutes. The five- number summary is 4.3, 8.65, 11.4, 14.9, and 32.9. Thus, the amount of time customers spent browsing is moderately variable and ranges from a low of 4.3 minutes to a high of 32.9 minutes. 50% of customers had browsing times of 11.4 minutes or less, and 25% had a relatively low browsing times of 4.3 minutes or less. The top 25% of costumers had a browsing time of 14.9 minutes or more. Pages Viewed. The mean pages viewed per customer is 4.8. The five-number summary is 2, 3.25, 4.5, 6, and 10. Thus, the number of pages viewed by a customer is also moderately variable and ranges from a low of 2 pages to a high of 10 pages. 50% of costumers read $4.5 pages or less when browsing, and 25% read a relatively low number of pages of 3.25 pages or less. The top 25% of customers read 6 pages or more when visiting Heavenly Chocolate’s site. Amount Spent. The mean amount spent by customers visiting Heavenly Chocolate’s site is $68.13. The five-number summary is 17.4, 45.56, 62.15, 82.74, and 158.51. Thus, the amount spent customers visiting Heavenly Chocolate’s site is highly variable and ranges from a low of $17.4 to a high of $158.51. 50% of the customers spent $62.15 or fewer theaters. 25% of the spent $45.56 or fewer on Heavenly Chocolate’s site. The top 25% of the customers spent $82.74 or more on chocolate. General Observations. The data shows that there is a wide variation in the amount of money people spend at Heavenly Chocolate’s. The data also suggests that the amount spent may be influenced by how long the customer is on the site and how many pages the customer views. There are also large purchases that inflate the mean and cause the histograms to have a right skew. CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely 2. Days of the Week Day # of Transactions Total Amount Spent ($) Average Amount Spent ($) SUN 5 218.15 43.63 MON 9 813.38 90.38 TUE 7 414.86 59.27 WED 6 341.82 56.97 THU 5 294.03 58.81 FRI 11 945.43 85.95 SAT 7 378.74 54.11 TOTAL 50 3,406.41 68.13 General Observations: The results indicate that Friday is the day when the most transactions occur, and the highest amount is spent. The data also shows that Sunday and Thursday have the least transactions and the least amount of money spent. Heavenly Chocolate may want to consider having sales and promotional events on the days that they have minimal sales to increase revenue. 3. Browser Type Day # of Transactions Total Amount Spent ($) Average Amount Spent ($) FIREFOX 16 1,228.21 76.76 CHROME 27 1,656.81 61.36 OTHER 7 521.39 74.38 TOTAL 50 3,406.41 68.13 General Observations: The data proves that most people use Chrome as their browser of choice when shopping at Heavenly Chocolate’s site. Although Chrome is the most popular browser, it has the lowest average amount spent compared to other browsers. Firefox has the highest average amount spent. CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely 4. Correlation - (Time Browsing and Amount Spent) Scatter Plot Displaying the Correlation Between Time Browsing and Amount Spent Amount Spent ($) vs. Time (min) 180,00 Amount Spent ($) 160,00 140,00 120,00 100,00 80,00 60,00 40,00 20,00 0,00 0,0 5,0 10,0 15,0 20,0 25,0 30,0 35,0 TIme (min) Correlation Coefficient - (Time Browsing and Amount Spent) Correlation Coefficient (from excel) = 0.58 General Observations: The positive correlation coefficient indicates that there is a direct relationship between time spent on the website and the amount of money customers spend. Therefore, the longer the customers are on the website, the more they will spend. CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely 5. Correlation - (Pages Viewed and Amount Spent) Scatter Plot Displaying the Correlation Between Pages Viewed and Amount Spent Pages Viewed vs. Amount Spent ($) 180,00 Amount Spent ($) 160,00 140,00 120,00 100,00 80,00 60,00 40,00 20,00 0,00 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Pages Viewed Correlation Coefficient - (Pages Viewed and Amount Spent) Correlation Coefficient (from excel) = 0.72 General Observations: The positive correlation coefficient indicates that there is a direct relationship between the number of pages the customer reads on the website and the amount of money customers spend. Therefore, the more pages the customers read when they are on the website, the more they will spend. This correlation is even stronger than the correlation between time spent on the website and the amount of money customers spend. CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely 6. Correlation - (Pages Viewed and Amount Spent) Scatter Plot Displaying the Correlation Between Page Viewed and Time Browsing Time (min) vs. Pages Viewed 35,0 30,0 Time (min) 25,0 20,0 15,0 10,0 5,0 0,0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Pages Viewed Correlation Coefficient - (Pages Viewed and Time Browsing) Correlation Coefficient (from excel) = 0.60 General Observations: The positive correlation coefficient indicates that there is a direct relationship between time spent on the website and the amount of money customers spend. Therefore, the more pages the customers read when they are on the website, the more time they will spend browsing the website. This correlation is stronger than the correlation between time spent on the website and the amount of money customers spend but not as strong as the correlation between pages viewed and amount spent. CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely BUAD 202 – Statistics for Business and Economics – Spring 2022 Case Assignment # 1 Case Problem #2 – “African Elephants Populations” CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely Mean of Annual Change in Elephant Population Mean Annual Change in Elephant Population (1979-1989) Mean Annual Change in Elephant Population (1989-2007) Mean Annual Change in Elephant Population (2007-2012) 0 -548.3333333 0 Botswana 3100 6915.944444 -6.6 Cameroon 500 -322.9444444 -267.6 Cen African Rep -4400 -870.3333333 -209.8 Chad -1190 185.2777778 -686.2 Congo 5920 -2661 5436.4 -29270 -3404.777778 -2008 Gabon 6260 -297.9444444 1323 Kenya -4600 702 924.8 Mozambique -3620 416 85 Somalia -1830 -329.4444444 0 Tanzania -23630 4833.5 -9909.4 Zambia -10900 -653.8333333 -1528.4 1300 3117.055556 236.8 Country Angola Dem Rep of Congo Zimbabwe 1. Bar Graph - Mean of Annual Change in Elephant Population (1979-1989) Mean Annual Change in Elephant Population (1979-1989) 10000 5000 0 -5000 -10000 -15000 -20000 -25000 -30000 -35000 General Observations: Most African countries are losing elephants steadily each year. The Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania have extremely large annual elephant losses so it can be inferred that there is a lot of poaching and habitat destruction that is killing elephants in these areas. The data suggests that not much is being done to protect elephants in Democratic Republic of Congo and Tanzania. CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely 2. Bar Graph - Mean of Annual Change in Elephant Population (1989-2007) Mean Annual Change in Elephant Population (1989-2007) 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 -2000 -4000 General Observations: Botswana, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe all experienced large increases in annual elephant population during this period. Overall, in Africa, elephant populations are increasing more than they are falling. This shift in annual population change could have been created by new regulations that prohibited elephant poaching and habitat destruction. 3. Bar Graph - Mean of Annual Change in Elephant Population (2007-2012) Mean Annual Change in Elephant Population (2007-2012) 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 -2000 -4000 -6000 -8000 -10000 -12000 General Observations: The Congo elephant populations have started to increase but almost all other countries elephant populations have started to decrease again. Tanzania and Zambia’s populations have dropped immensely, possibly as a result of global warming and current environmental problems affecting the well-being of the elephants. CASE ASSIGNMENT – Hayden Blakely 4. Greater Observations on the Elephant Case Study as a Whole: The periods of 1979-1989 and 2007-2012 shared similar decreases in annual elephant populations around many African countries, whereas 1989-2007 was a period of growth for annual elephant populations in Africa. It is likely that elephant populations grew so much during this period due to anti-poaching laws enforced during the time. The large losses in annual elephant populations in 1979-1989 and 2007-2012 are likely spurred by poaching and environmental effects. Countries like Tanzania and The Democratic Republic of Congo likely experience larger losses in elephant populations than other because there are less laws and prevention methods set in place to reduce the effects of poaching and habitat destruction.
