 Conference
discussing post-war Europe
between Stalin, Churchill and FDR
• Supported United Nations
• Reestablished original governments
• Divided Germany & Berlin
 Vice-President
from Missouri
 Meeting
between Stalin, Truman & Attlee
 Created
the United Nations
 Germany divided between Soviets &
Allied powers
 Polish elections (don’t take place for 2
years and Soviets eliminated all
opposition)
AMERICAN VISION



Shaped by Great
Depression
Wanted to spread
democracy and capitalism
Believed interdependence
solves war (World Bank,
IMF)
SOVIET VISION

Shaped by invasions
• Major WW2 losses
• Wanted to secure their
border with a buffer zone


Satellite States – Countries
subject to Soviet
domination on their
Western border
Wanted to spread
communism
 International
peacekeeping organization
founded in 1951 to prevent future world
wars
 General
Assembly – Every country is
equal and has a single vote
 Security
Council – 5 permanent
members with 6 appointed members
 China, Russia, US, France and Great
Britain have veto power
 Nations
that influence or control less
powerful states
 Soviet Union & US
 Iron
Curtain – (1946) Term used to
describe Soviet domination and
oppression of satellite nations
A
state of tension between nations that
stops short of full-scale war.
Soviet &
Eastern Bloc
Nations
[“Iron Curtain”]
GOAL  spread worldwide Communism
METHODOLOGIES:
US & the
Western
Democracies
GOAL  “Containment”
of Communism & the
eventual collapse of the
Communist world.
[George Kennan]
1. Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts
of Third World peoples [Communist govt. &
command economy vs. democratic govt. & capitalist
economy]  “proxy wars”
2. Political Competition (NATO v. Warsaw Pact)
3. Espionage [KGB vs. CIA]
4. Arms Race [nuclear escalation]
 Policy
of keeping communism contained
within its existing boarders.
 Containment
- US policy using military,
economic & diplomatic strategies to stop
Soviet expansion and increase US
influence.
 Formal
US policy to aid any country
threatened by Communism
 NATO
(1949) –
Alliance between
Western powers to
defend against
Soviet aggression
 US, Great
Britain,
France, Canada
 Soviet
military alliance opposed to NATO
 USSR, Romania, East Germany, Poland
 US
Secretary of
State George
Marshall feared
European poverty
would cause
Communist revolts
 US
policy of rebuilding Europe and
creating strong democracies
 Over
1952
$12 billion given between 1947 &
 Berlin
& Germany
were divided into 4
zones of control
 Soviet
refuses to end their occupation
 British, French & US zones combined into
West Germany (1948)
 USSR cuts West Berlin off from the rest of
the world
East Berlin
West
Germany
East
Germany
West Berlin
 Truman
orders supplies flown into
blockaded Berlin
 Soviet
economic plan to aid Eastern
Europe
 Site
of nuclear testing by the US
 Used to intimidate Soviets