Name:
Erosion and Deposition Test
1. The diagram below shows two landscapes, A and B.
The difference in appearance of these two landscapes
was caused mainly by a difference in the
1) climate
3) rock type
3. The topographic map below shows a particular
landscape.
Which map best represents the stream drainage
pattern for this landscape?
1)
2) amount of uplift
4) rock structure
2. In which New York State landscape region is Niagara
Falls located?
1)
2)
3)
4)
Tug Hill Plateau
St. Lawrence Lowlands
Allegheny Plateau
Erie-Ontario Lowlands
Ms Pierce
ESRT and Calculator
2)
3)
4)
Erosion and Deposition Test
4. The boundaries of landscape regions are generally
well defined by changes in
1)
2)
3)
4)
vegetation and soil type
stream size and drainage pattern
latitude and longitude
elevation and bedrock structure
5. What is the minimum water velocity needed in a
stream to maintain the transportation of the smallest
boulder?
1) 100 cm/sec
3) 300 cm/sec
2) 200 cm/sec
4) 500 cm/sec
6. Quartz particles of varying sizes are dropped at the
same time into deep, calm water. Which cross section
best represents the settling pattern of these particles?
1)
2)
3)
4)
7. Which size particle will remain suspended longest as
a river enters the ocean?
1) pebble
3) silt
2) sand
4) clay
Erosion and Deposition Test
8. The diagram below shows four identical columns containing the same amount of water. Four
different-sized spherical particles, made of the same uniform material, are dropped into the columns
and settle to the bottom.
Which graph best shows the relative settling times of the four particles?
1)
2)
3)
4)
Erosion and Deposition Test
9. The map below shows some features along an ocean
shoreline.
12. The cross section below shows a V-shaped valley
and the bedrock beneath the valley.
In which general direction is the sand being moved
along this shoreline by ocean (long–shore) currents?
Which agent of erosion is responsible for cutting
most V-shaped valleys into bedrock?
1) northeast
3) northwest
1) surface winds
3) glacial ice
2) southeast
4) southwest
10. The picture below shows a geological feature in the
Kalahari Desert of southwestern Africa.
2) running water
4) ocean waves
13. The diagram below shows the sequence of events
leading to the deposition of landslide debris.
What was the primary force that caused this
landslide?
1) gravity
3) prevailing winds
2) moving ice
4) stream discharge
14. Which quartz sample has probably undergone
abrasion in a stream for the longest period of time?
Which process most likely produced the present
appearance of this feature?
1)
2)
3)
4)
wind erosion
volcanic eruption
earthquake vibrations
plate tectonics
11. The occurrence of parallel scratches on bedrock in a
U-shaped valley indicates that the area has most
likely been eroded by
1) a glacier
3) waves
2) a stream
4) wind
1)
2)
3)
4)
15. A large, scratched boulder is found in a mixture of
unsorted, smaller sediments forming a hill in central
New Jersey. Which agent of erosion most likely
transported and then deposited this boulder?
1) wind
3) ocean waves
2) a glacier
4) running water
Erosion and Deposition Test
16. Which statement best characterizes the soils found in
New York State?
1) All the soil has been removed by glaciation.
2) Wind erosion has been the dominant agent in
soil formation.
3) Transported soils are similar in composition to
underlying bedrock.
4) Transported soils are far more common than
residual soils.
Base your answers to questions 17 and 18 on
the map below, which shows a portion of a stream
that flows southward. Letters A through E represent
locations in the stream. Line XY is the location of a
cross section.
17. At which two locations in this stream is deposition
normally dominant over erosion?
1) A and D
3) C and E
2) B and E
4) D and C
18. Where this stream’s velocity decreases from 300 to
200 centimeters per second, which size sediment
will be deposited?
1) cobbles
3) silt
2) sand
4) clay
Erosion and Deposition Test
Base your answers to questions 19 through 21 on the map below, which shows the drainage basin of
the Mississippi River system. Several rivers that flow into the Mississippi River are labeled. The
arrow at location X shows where the Mississippi River enters the Gulf of Mexico.
19. The entire land area drained by the Mississippi River system is referred to as a
1) levee
2) watershed
3) meander belt
4) floodplain
20. Sediments deposited at location X by the Missisippi River most likely have which characteristics?
1)
2)
3)
4)
angular fragments arranged as mixtures
rock particles arranged in sorted beds
rocks with parallel scratches and grooves
high-density minerals with hexagonal crystals
21. The structure formed by the deposition of sediments at location X is best described as a
1) moraine
2) tributary
3) delta
4) drumlin
Erosion and Deposition Test
Base your answers to questions 22 through 25 on the diagram and the stream data table below.
The diagram represents a stream flowing into a lake. Arrows show the direction of flow. Point P is a
location in the stream. Line XY is a reference line across the stream. Points X and Y are locations on
the banks. The data table gives the depth of water in the stream along line XY.
22. Use the information in the data table to construct a profile of the depth of water. Using the grid and
directions below.
On the vertical axis, mark an appropriate scale for the depth of water. Note that the zero (0) at the top
of the axis represents the water surface.
23. Use the information in the data table to construct a profile of the depth of water. Using the grid and
directions below.
Plot the data for the depth of water in the stream along line XY and connect the points. (Distance is
measured from point X.)
24. State why the depth of water near the bank at point X is different from the depth of water near the
bank at point Y.
25. At point P, the water velocity is 100 centimeters per second. State the name of the largest sediment
that can be transported by the stream at point P.
Erosion and Deposition Test
Base your answers to questions 26 through 28 on the diagram below, which shows igneous rock that
has undergone mainly physical weathering into sand and mainly chemical weathering into clay.
26. Compare the particle size of the physically weathered fragments to the particle size of the chemically
weathered fragments.
27. Describe the change in temperature and moisture conditions that would cause an increase in the rate
of chemical weathering into clay.
28. If the igneous rock is a layer of vesicular andesite, identify three types of mineral grains that could be
found in the sand.
Erosion and Deposition Test
Base your answers to questions 29 through 31 on the information, diagram, and data table below.
A student used water, a trough, a timer, a Ping-Pong ball, and a metric ruler to investigate waterflow.
The trough was set at different angles to compile the data in the data table provided below.
29. Calculate the average velocity of the water flowing down the trough in each position, A, B, C, and D.
Record your answers in the data table provided above. Express your answers to the nearest tenth.
30. State the purpose of the student's investigation.
31. Based on the data and the values you calculated for average stream velocity, state an appropriate
conclusion to this investigation.
Erosion and Deposition Test
32. Complete the table above, by listing three agents of erosion and identifying one characteristic
surface feature formed by each agent of erosion.
Answer Key
Erosion and Deposition Test
1.
1
2.
4
3.
1
4.
4
5.
3
6.
3
7.
4
8.
2
9.
2
10.
1
11.
1
12.
2
13.
1
14.
1
15.
2
16.
4
17.
3
18.
1
19.
2
20.
2
21.
3
26.
– The physically
weathered sediments
are larger in particle
size than the
chemically
weathered particles.
– The sand
fragments are larger
than clay fragments.
– The sand
fragments range
from 0.006 cm to
0.2 cm in diameter
and the clay
fragments are less
than 0.0004 cm in
diameter.
27.
– Moisture and
temperature should
both increase.
28.
plagioclase feldspar
– biotite –
amphibole – quartz
or pyroxene
29.
Trough A = .3 or 0.3,
Trough B = .4 or 0.4,
Trough C = .6 or
0.6, Trough D = .7
or 0.7
30.
– to determine the
relationship between
stream velocity and
the slope of a
streambed
31.
As the slope of the
streambed increases,
stream velocity
increases.
22.
23.
24.
Stream water moves
faster on the outside
of the curve.
32.
Deposition is
greatest on the
inside of the curve.
25.
a pebble