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Senior High School
Philippine Politics and
Governance
Quarter 2 – Module 12
Citizenship
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LESSON
12
Citizenship
STUDY TIME
Citizenship is a membership in a political community which is personal and more
or less permanent in character where he enjoys the exercise of political rights above
civil privileges provided by law.
Nationality encompasses all those who render allegiance to the State, be it a citizen
or otherwise.
Aliens is a foreigner who temporarily resides in another country or one who passes
through another border. It receives limited protection over his person and property.
Classification of Aliens
1. Resident alien. A foreigner residing in the jurisdiction of another State, and to
some extent, his rights and property are protected.
2. Non-resident alien. Refers to the citizen of the State as provided in Art IV,
Sec 1.
Refugees are stateless persons who have fled their home State for shelter and
asylum in another State. They deliberately withdraw their citizenship and denounce
allegiance to the State and laws.
Doctrines of citizenship
a. Jus sanguinis- the citizenship of a child is determined by blood relationship.
This is the doctrine the Philippines apply in determining one’s membership to
the political society.
b. Jus soli/jus loci- the citizenship of a child is determined by the place of
birth.
Modes of acquiring citizenship:
1. By birth. This is called the involuntary method. Citizenship is acquired through
blood relationship to the parents.
Natural Born Citizens (Sec. 2, Art. IV)
1. Citizens of the Philippines from birth without having to perform any act to
acquire or perfect their Philippine citizenship;
2. Those born before January 17, 1973 of Filipino mothers, who elect
Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of majority
2. By naturalization. This is called the voluntary method of acquiring citizenship
through naturalization process.
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Naturalization, it means the act of formally adopting a foreigner into the
political body of the State, and clothing him with the rights and privewleges of
citizenship.
Three ways of acquiring naturalization process
a. Act of court. This suggests that citizenship may be granted to an applicant
pursuant to the judgment of the court. Regional Trial Ocurt has the jurisdiction
b. Direct act of Congress. The legislative normally promulgates an act directly
bestowing citizenship on an alien applicant.
c. Derivative method. Citizenship is conferred on the wife of naturalized
husband, minor children of naturalized person, and alien woman upon
marriage to a national.
3. By marriage
Citizens of the Philippines (Sec. 1, Art. IV):
1. Those who are Filipino citizens at time of adoption of the 1987 Constitution;
a. Those who are citizens under the Treaty of Paris;
b. Those declared citizens by judicial declaration applying the jus soli principle,
before Tio Tiam v. Republic (25 April 1957, G.R. No. L-9602);
c. Those who are naturalized in accordance with law (Act 2927);
d. Those who are citizens under the 1935 Constitution;
e. Those who are citizens under the 1973 Constitution.
2. Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines;
3. Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippines
citizenship upon reaching the age of majority;
− Time to elect: 3 years after age of majority
4. Those naturalized in accordance with law.
Caram Rule – under the 1935 Constitution, those born in the Philippines of
foreign parent, who before the adoption of the Constitution had been elected to
public office in the Philippines, are considered Filipino citizens.
Effects of Naturalization :
1. ON THE WIFE. It vests citizenship on wife who might herself be lawfully
naturalized; She need not prove her qualifications but only that she is not
disqualified. (Moy Ya Lim Yao v. Comm. of Immigration, 41 SCRA 292).
2. ON THE MINOR CHILDREN
(i) If born in the Philippines – automatically becomes a citizen;
If born abroad
If born before the naturalization of the father
(ia) residing in RP at the time of naturalization – automatically becomes
citizen;
(ib) if not residing in RP at the time of naturalization – considered citizen
only during minority, unless begins to reside permanently in the
Philippines;
(ii) If born born outside the Philippines after parents’ naturalization considered
Filipino, provided registered as such before any Philippines consulate
within 1 year after attaining majority age and takes oath of allegiance.
Doctrine of Indelible Allegiance – an individual may be compelled to retain his
original nationality notwithstanding that he has already renounced or forfeited it
under the laws of the second state whose nationality he has acquired.
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III. LOSS OF PHILIPPINE CITIZENSHIP:
1. Naturalization in a foreign country;
2. Express renunciation of citizenship (expatriation);
– The mere application or possession of an alien certificate of registration does
not amount to renunciation (Mercado vs. Manzano, G.R. No. 135083, May 26,
1999)
3. Subscribing to an oath of allegiance to constitution or laws of foreign upon
attaining of 21 years of age;
− Citizens may not divest citizenship when Philippines is at war.
4. Rendering service to or accepting commission in the armed forces of a foreign
country;
5. Cancellation of certificate of naturalization;
6. Having been declared by final judgment a deserter of Philippines Armed Forces
in times of war.
IV. REACQUISITION OF CITIZENSHIP
1. By naturalization;
2. By repatriation;
 RA 8171 is an act providing for the repatriation of:
a. Filipino women who have lost their Philippine citizenship by marriage to
aliens and;
b. natural-born Filipinos who have lost their Philippine citizenship on account
or political or economic necessity.
3. By direct act of Congress.
RA 9225 also known as the "Citizenship Retention and Re-acquisition Act of
2003," approved on August 29, 2003 provides that, upon taking the oath of
allegiance to the Republic:
a. Natural born citizens of the Philippines who have lost their Philippine
citizenship by reason of their naturalization as citizens of a foreign country are
deemed to have re-acquired Philippine citizenship; and
b. Natural born citizens of the Philippines who, after the effectivity of the said RA
become citizens of a foreign country shall retain their Philippine citizenship.
Derivative Citizenship - The unmarried child, whether legitimate, illegitimate or
adopted, below eighteen (18) years of age, of those who re-acquire Philippine
citizenship upon effectivity of the said RA shall be deemed citizens of the
Philippines.
V. Dual Allegiance
• Refers to the situation where person simultaneously owes, by some positive
act, loyalty to two or more states.
Duties And Responsibilities Of A Filipino Citizen
The prime duty of the government is for its citizens to serve and protect in turn it
shall be obligation of the entire citizen to do their duties and responsibilities as a
Filipino citizens of the countryas listed below:
1.Defend our country from enemies and invaders.
2.Pay his/her taxes willingly and promptly.
3.Be loyal to our country.
4.Take care and conserve our natural resources.
5.Help our country for growth and development.
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6.Keep our surroundings clean.
7.Study well and become a productive individual.
8.Obey the laws and maintain peace and order in the community.
9.Preserve the Filipino culture and identity.
10.Participate actively in various government programs.
11.Vote wisely and chose candidates who can serve the people and our country.
12.Respect the rights of others.
The more important duties and obligations of every citizen in a democratic
society are thefollowing:
1.To be loyal to the Republic.
2.To defend the State
3.To contribute to the development of welfare of the State
4.To uphold the Constitution and obey laws
5.To cooperate with duly constituted authorities.
6.To exercise rights responsibility and with due regard for the rights of others.
7.To engage in gainful work.
8.To register and vote
Legal Basis for Youth Empowerment
1.
Republic Act 8044 or known as The Youth in Nation-Building Act. This refers
to an act creating the National Youth Commission, establishing a National
Comprehensive and Coordinated Program on Youth Development,
Appropriating Funds Therefore, and for Other Purposes. The State recognizes
its responsibility to enable the youth to fulfill their vital role in nation-building
and hereby establishes the National Comprehensive and Coordinated
Program on Youth Development, creates the structures to implement the
same and appropriate adequate funds to provide support for the program and
implementing structures on a continuing sustained basis.
2.
National
3.
SK
Service Training Program – The inclusion of the NSTP in the
Philippine higher education curricula allows the youth to be educated about
civic involvement. Moreover, the NSTP also instills in the youth the value of
volunteerism through participation in different activities that involve community
building and the like. Such involvement in civic affairs brings forth a realization
among the youth that they are proactive movers of the society.
and Katipunan ng Kabataan (KK) were created through the Local
Government Code of 1991 (Republic Act 7160) that provides opportunity for
young people to directly participate in local governance. Composed of all
youth aged 15 to 21 years old. In 2015, Republic Act 10742 an act known as
the “Sangguniang Kabataan Reform Act of 2015” amended the previous law
on SK and KK and made a vast reform. One of which is the age bracket. In
1995, with the passage of R.A. 8044, that created the National Youth
Commission, the secretariat functions of SK were transferred to the NYC
which in effect replaced PCYA. In 2002, the age bracket for KK membership
was changed, through R.A. 9164, from 15 to 21 years old to 15 to 17 years
old. But under the present law, youth shall refer to those persons whose ages
range from fifteen (15) to thirty (30) years old.
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PRACTICE TIME
Activity 2. Let’s Sing Together!
Direction: Read and analyze the song and answer the following questions below.
Write the answer in your notebook.
Ako’y Mabuting Pilipino By: Noel Cabangon
Ako'y isang mabuting Pilipino
Minamahal ko ang bayan ko
Tinutupad ko ang aking mga tungkulin Sinusunod ko ang kanyang mga alituntunin
Tumatawid ako sa tamang tawiran
Sumasakay ako sa tamang sakayan
Pumipila at 'di nakikipag-unahan
At 'di ako pasiga-siga sa lansangan
Bumababa't nagsasakay ako sa tamang sakayan
'Di nakahambalang parang walang pakiaalam
Pinagbibigyan kong mga tumatawid sa kalsada
Humihinto ako 'pag ang ilaw ay pula
'Pagkat ako'y isang mabuting Pilipino
Minamahal ko ang bayan ko
Tinutupad ko ang aking mga tungkulin
Sinusunod ko ang kanyang mga alituntunin
'Di ako nagongotong o nagbibigay ng lagay Ticket lamang ang tinatanggap kong
ibinibigay
Ako'y nakatayo doon mismo sa kanto
At 'di nagtatago sa ilalim ng puno 'Di ako nagkakalat ng basura sa…
Source: https://www.musixmatch.com/lyrics/Noel-Cabangon/Ako-y IsangMabuting-Pilipino
Guide Questions:
1. What is the message of the song?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. Based on the song, what are the characteristics of a good citizen?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. Do you possess these characteristics? Explain and give examples/situations.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
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Activity 3. Becoming a Filipino Citizen
Direction: List down duties and rights of a Filipino Citizen.
DUTIES
RIGHTS
•
•
•
•
•
___________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
•
•
•
•
•
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
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Activity 4. I am a Good Citizen
Direction: Identify the difference between a good and bad Filipino citizen.
_________________________
________________________
_________________________
________________________
_________________________
________________________
_________________________
________________________
_________________________
________________________
_________________________
________________________
_________________________
________________________
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________________________
_________________________
________________________
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Activity 5. Student’s Note
Direction: In not more than five sentences, answer the questions clearly and legibly.
1. Why do we need to empower the youth?
2. How can we empower youth to change the world?
MY NOTES
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
KEY POINTS
Citizenship pertains to an individual’s membership in a political
community. It indicates a person’s belongingness to a larger community, which is the
nation. The Philippine nationality law is based upon the principles of jus sanguinis
and therefore descent from a parent who is a citizen or national of the Republic of
the Philippines is the primary method of acquiring Philippine citizenship. This is
contrasted with the legal principle of jus soli where being born on the soil of a
country, even to foreign parents, grants one citizenship.
Citizenship is indespensable as it is considered as one of the elements of the
state. They have both rights and responsibilities and that their rights, are distinct
from those providedby the Philippine Constitution.
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POST TEST
IDENTIFICATION. Identify what is being asked.
_______________1.
A membership in a political community which is personal and
more or less permanent in character where he enjoys the exercise of political rights
above civil privileges provided by law.
_______________2.
Law known as “Sangguniang Kabataan Reform Act of 2015.
_______________3.
Encompasses all those who render allegiance to the State,
be it a citizen or otherwise.
_______________4.
Refers to the situation where person simultaneously owes,
by some positive act, loyalty to two or more states.
_______________5.
Age bracket of youth under the present law on Sagguniang
Kabataan.
_______________6.
A foreigner who temporarily resides in another country or
one who passes through another border.
_______________7.
Are stateless persons who have fled their home State for
shelter and asylum in another State.
_______________8.
Meaning of NSTP.
_______________9.
It means the act of formally adopting a foreigner into the
political body of the State, and clothing him with the rights and privileges of
citizenship.
_______________10. A method where Citizenship is conferred on the wife of
naturalized husband, minor children of naturalized person, and alien woman upon
marriage to a national.
ANSWER KEY
⬧⧫ ⬧⧫
 ⧫◼⬧
 ◆⚫ ⧫ 
 ⧫◼⚫⧫
 ◆⚫ ⚫⚫◼



⚫◼
 ◆⬧
 ⧫◼⚫ ❖ ◼◼ 
 ⧫◆⚫⧫◼

❖⧫❖ ⧫
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Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SDO of Pangasinan II
EASTERN PANGASINAN AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE
SUMMATIVE TEST
PHIPPINE POLITICS and GOVERNANCE
WEEK 12
Name: ______________________________________
Date: _____________
Grade/Section: ________________________________
Score:____________
Directions: Read each item carefully then choose the letter that corresponds to your answer.
Write the letter of your choice on the space provided for.
_____1.
An infant that has been abandoned by its parents and is discovered and called
for by others.
a. adopted
b. foundling
c. illegitimate
d. foreigner
_____2. Citizens of the Philippines from birth without having to perform any act to
acquire or perfect
their citizenship.
a. naturalized citizen
c. alien
b. foreigner
d. natural born citizen
_____3. It is a right by which citizenship can be recognized to any individual born to a
parent who is a citizen of that state.
a. jus sanguinis
c. jus soli
b. jus maryosep
d. jus meyo
_____4. It means the act of formally adopting a foreigner into the political body of the
State, and clothing him with the rights and priveleges of citizenship.
a. deliberation
b. execution c. repatriation
d. naturalizatio
_____5. A law known as the "Citizenship Retention and Re-acquisition Act of 2003,"
a. RA 9565
c. RA 9225
b. RA 9854
d. RA 9213
_____6. A membership in a political community which is personal and more or less
permanent in character where he enjoys the exercise of political rights above civil
privileges provided bylaw.
a. nationals b. citizenship
c. refugees
d. aliens
_____7. It is a right by which citizenship can be recognized to any individual born in
the territory of the
related state.
a. jus sanguinis
b. jus maryosep
c. jus soli
d. jus meyo
_____8. Refers to the situation where a person simultaneously owes, by some positive
act, loyalty to two or more states.
a. dual allegiance
c. dual relationship
b. dual citizenship
d. dual connection
_____9. Stateless persons who have fled their home State for shelter and asylum in
another State.
a. constituents
b. residents
c. refugees
d. citizens
_____10. A foreigner who temporarily resides in another country or one who passes
through another border.
a. citizens
b. aliens
c. inhabitants
d. people
Prepared by:
ELDRIDGE NATHAN B. SOLIVEN
Subject Teacher
Checked by:
SALVADOR H. DELA MASA, PhD
SHS Assistant Principal II
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