Introduction
Mesopotamia is a region of southwest Asia in the Tigris and Euphrates river
system that benefitted from the area’s climate and geography to host the
beginnings of human civilization. Its history is marked by many important
inventions that changed the world, including the concept of time, math, the
wheel, sailboats, maps and writing. Mesopotamia is also defined by a
changing succession of ruling bodies from different areas and cities that
seized control over a period of thousands of years.
It makes us reflect on which role does Mesopotamia play in turns of
greophical, economical and political situation
Geographical situation
Mesopotamia sits in the Middle East at the intersection of Europe, Africa, and Asia,
where Iraq is today.
Mesopotamia is known by a few nicknames such as “The Fertile Crescent” and “The
Cradle of Civilization.” Another name for Mesopotamia, though, is “The Land
Between the Rivers.” In fact, the word Mesopotamia, derived from ancient Greek,
means “the land between the rivers."
The land of Mesopotamia, then as now, is mostly desert and rarely receives more
than about 12 inches of rain per year. Mesopotamian deserts include the Syrian
Desert and the Arabian Desert.
Economy situation
In Mesoptomia there may not have been money to buy and sell with, but therewas a
lot of buying and selling done by trading (i.e. the barter system) and assisted by the
development of a writing system. Writing's main purpose was to keep track of
debit and credit accounts for merchants. The function of a scribe was similar to that
of an account; just balancing the amounts owed to one party by another. Writing
later became useful for many other reasons, but writing's economic use caused its
invention! Once a contract was done between two parties a cyclinder wheel sealed
the deal.
Politic situation
In the early days of our civilization we did not have a king. The free citizens would
meet, discuss and make decisions together. Over time and as our cities grew the
citizens decided that there needed to be a king appointed. They decided that they
needed to find a "lugal" (meaning "big man" or "king") whom was most capable and
able to lead them through wars. At first, the king would only make some
decisions during a crisis that faced them, but as time went on, the people decided it
would be best to appoint a permanent ruler.
The king is a very important part of how our government runs because the king is
responsible for building temples, maintaining and overseeing the system of canals
and settling problems that arise amongst the public citizenry. Of all the things that a
king does, the most important is to be victorious in battle. We tend to go to war
often, so Generals of the army meet with the king to advise him in military
decisions. We also have bureaucrats to regulate trade and agriculture whom also
report to the king.
As a conclusion I would say that Mesopotamia inspired the economical and
political structure for several countries and amounts the years.
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