1.
What is XDP?
X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP) is a genetic form of dystonia that affects men
of Filipino descent almost exclusively. The disorder is also known as lubag based on
the Ilonggo term referring to muscle twisting and spasms. It is a progressive,
neurodegenerative disorder. Although there is no cure at this time, treatments are
available and researchers are actively pursuing new and improved therapies.
2.
Which age group and gender is mostlikely affected with XDP?
XDP affects primarily Filipino men and, very rarely, women.
Symptoms may occur as early as adolescence or as late as the mid-70s.
3.
If family is found to have this genentic disorder, who is the carrier? Who among the family members
is/are most likely affected?
Males with XDP pass the diseasecausing gene mutations to all of their daughters but
not to their sons.
Women who are carriers have a 50% chance of transmitting the mutation in each
pregnancy.
Males who inherit the mutation from their mothers will develop XDP; females who
inherit the mutation will be carriers and only rarely have symptoms
Genetic counseling is recommended for affected individuals and families to provide
guidance for genetic testing and identify family members who may be at risk of
developing XDP.
4.
What is BOTOX as treatment for XDP?
Botulinum neurotoxin injections may improve dystonia in the neck and shoulders,
eyelids and brow, tongue dystonia, or jaw dystonia but may worsen swallowing in
individuals with dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).
5.
Which microorganism can we get BOTOX?
Clostridium botulinum is an anaerobic, rod-shaped sporeforming bacterium
that produces a protein with characteristic neurotoxicity.
6.
What are the muscles affected by XDP?
Symptoms of dystonia develop later in the limbs, tongue, pharynx, and/or larynx, with
the most common being jaw dystonia that progresses to cervical dystonia (affecting
the neck and shoulders).