QUIZ 12: COVID-19 Immunology and Therapeutics
1.
Which of the following statements is true?
A. Cytokine Storm Syndrome is a group of severe hyperinflammatory disorders which is a form of primary
hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
B. Cytokine Release Syndrome is a group of severe hyperinflammatory disorders which is associated with
T-cell therapy and antibody therapy.
C. Macrophage Activation Syndrome is a group of systemic hyperinflammatory states associated with
malignancy.
D. Immunomodulators modify the immune response only by increasing or stimulating the immune
system.
E. The SARS-CoV-2 virus gains access to the body by attaching to ACE-1 receptors.
2.
The ff are true about the SARS-CoV-2 virus except:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
3.
The ff are indicators of a cytokine storm, except:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
4.
Chest imaging shows 50% or greater are of lung injury
Increasing ESR/CRP levels
Elevated IL-6 levels
Increasing ferritin levels
Increasing platelet counts
Impaired production and activity of this cytokine is thought to result in an exacerbated inflammatory
response leading to severe Covid-19 response:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5.
It is a type of betacoronavirus like MERS-CoV.
It is a non-segmented, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus.
Its genetic makeup is equally similar to both human coronavirus SARS-CoV and and bat coronavirus.
It highly affects the lower respiratory tract and may cause fatal pneumonia.
Majority of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection present with mild symptoms.
IFN I
IFN II
IFN III
IL-6
IL-1
The mechanism of action of this non-pathogenic-specific immunomodulator used in the treatment of Covid19 is the inhibition of transcription of cytokine genes suppressing hyperinflammation and elimination of
activated immune cells, activated APCs, cytotoxic T-cells and histiocytes.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Corticosteroids
Hydroxychloroquine
Azithromycin
Hyperimmune globulin
Tocilizumab
6.
This drug inhibits viral entry by inhibition of sialic acid synthesis and by disruption of protein glycosylation
interfering in viral attachment and entry.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
7.
The use of this drug in Covid-19 patients has been associated with QTc prolongation and torsade de pointes.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
8.
Corticosteroids
Hydroxychloroquine
Hyperimmune globulin
Tocilizumab
Anakinra
The ff immunomodulators are proposed to be started during Stage I or Early Infection Stage of Covid-19,
except:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
9.
Corticosteroids
Hydroxychloroquine
Azithromycin
Anakinra
Tocilizumab
Hydroxychloroquine
Remdesivir
Convalescent plasma
IVIG
Azithromycin
This drug is used for its synergistic effect with hydroxychloroquine. It acts by inhibiting chloride secretion,
mucus secretion, adhesion molecules and proinflammatory cytokines:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Corticosteroids
Baracitinib
Azithromycin
Tocilizumab
Anakinra
10. This polyclonal antibody-based agent pooled from more than 10,000 human donors has anti-inflammatory
and immunomodulatory effects at higher doses:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
IVIG
Convalescent plasma
Hyperimmune globulin
Tocilizumab
Baracitinib
BONUS:
What is the phenomenon seen in Covid-19 and Dengue where binding of the virus to non-neutralizing antibodies
enhances its entry into host cells and replication leading to both increase infectivity and virulence?