1.) The different section(s), area(s) and discipline(s) in clinical laboratory are Hematology,
Coagulation, Chemistry, Blood bank, Serology/Immunology, Microbiology, Urinalysis,
Phlebotomy. A clinical laboratory encompasses such disciplines as clinical chemistry,
hematology, immunology, immunohematology, microbiology, and molecular biology.
2.) In the section of Hematology, they study the formed elements of the blood for the purpose of
making a diagnosis of it. Complete Blood Count, White Blood Cell Count, Hematocrit,
Hemoglobin and etc, are the tests that are being done in Hematology. In Chemistry or Clinical
Chemistry, they study the components in the blood including enzymes, hormones, electrolytes,
chemicals or poisons. Tests are performed on serum, plasma, urine and other body fluids. The
tests are Chem 7 & Chem 17, Cardiac enzymes and drug screening. In Blood Bank, this is where
the blood collection, storage and preparation for blood transfusion. The tests that usually run at
Blood Bank are, type & crossmatch, type & screen, group & type. In Serology (Immunology), it is
where they evaluate the body, immune response through the detection of antibodies to
bacteria produces against body substances or the autoimmunity. Most common tests are, AntiHIV, Hepatitis B Surface Antigen, DRL for syphilis, Western blot confirms HIV, HCG for
pregnancy. In Microbiology, this is where the identification of pathogens, effective antibiotic
therapy and infection control happens. The tests that are usually being done in Microbiology are
Blood Culture, Culture & Sensitivity, Gram Stain, Ova & Parasites. And lastly, Urinalysis, this is
where they detect disorders and infections of kidney and metabolic disorders such as diabetes
and liver disease through components present in the urine. Obviously, urinalysis is the most
common test.
3.) The general policies of every sections of the laboratory are Controlling Sources of Exposure to
minimize hazardous chemical exposure in order to create a safe and working laboratory.
Personal Hygiene, to minimize potential injury from other hazardous conditions, such as broken
glass, spills, and etc in the laboratory. Every personnel must know the right PPE wearing and
donning. Housekeeping, to keep the laboratory work are organized, safe, and clean is important
to safe handling of hazardous chemicals. Pets in the Laboratory, are not allowed in the
laboratory. Unattended Operations, avoid leaving operations unattended to avoid hazard to the
persons entering the room and lastly, Safety Data Sheets and Lab Safety Information. For the
safety use of the hazardous chemicals and to know the labels and levels of the chemicals.
4.) System Theory by Ludwig von Bertalanffy
- Is governed by the same laws and behaviors that affect every other biological
organization.
Example: Baking a cake. If you were to lay out all of the ingredients of a cake, you would not have a
cake. Instead, you would have the ingredients of the cake.
Principles of Administrative Mangement by Miner and Engineer Henri Fayol
- These principle, which range from the importance of maintaining a clean facility to
the value of initiative and teamwork.
Example: A manager wants to understand his employees struggle. For him to know that, the manager
will deeply think on putting himself/herself to their positions that they can improve it.
Bureaucratic Management by Max Weber
- It is a more of a sociological approach than the others. It revolves around the
importance of structuring your business in a hierarchical manner with clear rules
and roles.
Example: A business with set of rules and regulations for the employees to use and follow to have an
effective business.
Scientific Management by Frederick Taylor
- It analyzes work flows to improve economic efficiency, especially labor productivity.
Example: You have to be more knowledgeable and practiced to the type of speciallity for you to run or
manage the business.
Theories X and Y by Douglas McGregor
- It is based on the premise that management has to assemble all the factors of
production, including human beings, to get the work done.
Example: The employee is starting to get frustrated all of the sudden, to understand his/her situation,
you use this theory in order to get his/her general way of behaving and be able to adjust or help him/her
in his/her behavior.
Human Relations Theory by Elton Mayo
- It is tasked with improving productivity among dissatisfied employees.
Example: By changing environmental conditions like lighting, temperature, and break time. All of those
changes had a positive effect.
Classical Management
- It is predicated on the idea that employees only have physical needs. Because
employees can satisfy these physical needs with money, Classical Management
Theory focuses solely on the economics of organizing workers.
Example: Employees will work harder and be more productive if they are rewarded in larger and larger
increments
Contingency Management by Fred Fiedler
- It is to identify the particular management style suitable for every given situation.
They must also be willing and able to apply that management style quickly and
effectively whenever necessary.
Example: If someone doesn't enjoy movies then a movie ticket will not sufficiently motivate someone to
change their behavior.Modern Management
-
It is vary over time, and they possess a range of talents and skills that the business
can develop through on-the-job training and other programs..
Example: Using mathematical techniques to analyze and understand the relationship between managers
and employees.
Quantitative Management
-
is essentially the science of making decisions based on mathematical or numerical
models and techniques.
Example: Linear programming (which involves computing simultaneous solutions to a set of linear
equations) helps Air Lines plan their flight schedules
Organizations as Learning System
- It involves the process through which organizational communities change as a result
of experience.
Example: is a hospital surgical team learning to use new technology that will increase efficiency.