The Particle Theory of Matter: a theory that explains what matter is made of, and how it behaves
1. All matter is made up of invisible particles
2. Particles have spaces between them
3. Particles are moving all the time
4. Particles move faster when they are heated
5. Particles attract each other
Heat: The transfer of energy from the particles of a warmer object to the particles of a cooler object. ** Remember the pool ball example given in class**
Kinetic Energy: energy that all moving objects possess; a particle has more kinetic energy when moving faster and less kinetic energy when moving slower
Temperature: A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance
Matter exists in 3 common states: Solid, Liquid, Gas
Thermal Energy = total kinetic energy + energy of attraction of all the particles of a material
Thermal Expansion: an increase in the volume of a substance caused by heating
Thermal Contraction: a decrease in the volume of a substance caused by cooling