There are two types of things in
this world
Living
Non-living
Living
Biotic
Non-living
Abiotic
Organism
• A living thing
OR
• A biotic factor
Individual
A single organism in
an environment
Population
Individual
A single organism in
an environment
Individuals of the same kind
in the same environment
Community
Population
Individual
A single organism in
an environment
Individuals of the same kind
in the same environment
All populations of organisms living
together in an environment
Ecosystem
AKA Habitat
Community
Population
Individual
A single organism in
an environment
Individuals of the same kind
in the same environment
All populations of organisms living
together in an environment
A community and its
environment
Food Chains
What is a food chain?
• Food chains are how energy is passed through
communities.
All energy comes from the…..
Producers
• Use sunlight to produce their own
energy
Photosynthesis:
- The process through which producers create
their own energy from Carbon Dioxide and
Water.
Consumers
• Organisms that must eat to get the energy
needed.
Consumers
Primary Consumers: eat plants or parts of plants
to survive.
Consumers
Secondary Consumers: eat other animals (which
have already consumed plants).
Consumers
Primary Consumers: eat plants or parts of plants
to survive.
Secondary Consumers: eat other animals (which
have already consumed plants).
Tertiary Consumers: predators that eat other
predators.
Consumers
• Predators are animals that eat other animals.
• Prey are the animals eaten.
Decomposers
• Consumers that break down the tissues of
dead organisms into simpler forms of matter.
Producer or Consumer?
Lizard
Producer or Consumer?
Cactus
Fill in the blank
In an ecosystem, are there more
producers or consumers?
Food Web
• The relationship
between
multiple food
chains in a single
ecosystem.
• Has many
producers and
consumers.
Energy Pyramid
• Shows amount of
energy available in
each level of an
ecosystem
• The higher on the
pyramid, the less
energy available.
What is a competition?
What types of competitions do you
participate in?
Competition (in ecosystems)
• The contest among organisms for the limited
resources of an ecosystem.
Animals and plants have to share the
same resources.
• Deer
compete with
each other
for food.
• Plants in the
desert
compete with
each other for
water.
Adaptations
• The process of meeting needs for survival.
• A special feature that helps an organism
survive.
• Adaptations help an organism compete!
Limiting Factors Activity
An ecosystem needs a certain amount
of resources for wildlife to survive.
Limiting Factor
• A resource or environmental factor that is in
short supply so organisms in the environment
have to compete for them. This limits the
number of organisms using that resource that
can survive in an area.
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Other relationships between
Organisms:
• Symbiosis – long-term relationship between
different kinds of organisms.
• May benefit one OR both organisms!
Symbiosis
• Mutualism – both organisms benefit
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eWXOurnVTYg
Symbiosis
• Parasitism – one organism benefits while the
other suffers
Ecosystems
• Remember, ecosystems are a community and
its environment.