Remote
Communities
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
new emission stacks at Webequie in 2011
August 1, 2012
2011 Greenhouse Gas
Inventory Report and
Action Plan
new fuels tanks at Webequie in 2011
Hydro One Remote Communities Inc, 680 Beaverhall Place, Thunder Bay, ON, P7E 6G9
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Remote
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HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
Table of Contents
1
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 5
2
ORGANIZATIONAL PROFILE.................................................................................................... 6
3
GHG INVENTORY DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT ..................................................................... 8
3.1
Organizational Boundaries ............................................................................................................... 8
3.2
Operational Boundaries .................................................................................................................... 8
3.2.1 Direct GHG emissions for Remotes ...................................................................................... 8
3.2.2 Energy indirect GHG emissions for Remotes ...................................................................... 8
3.2.3 Other indirect GHG emissions for Remotes ........................................................................ 9
3.3
Historical Emissions .............................................................................................................................. 9
4
QUANTIFICATION .................................................................................................................. 12
4.1
Diesel................................................................................................................................................... 12
4.1.1 Activity data for diesel........................................................................................................ 12
4.1.2 Emission factors for diesel .................................................................................................. 12
4.2
Electricity ............................................................................................................................................ 12
4.2.1 Activity data for electricity ................................................................................................. 12
4.2.2 Emission factors for electricity ........................................................................................... 12
4.3
Natural Gas ....................................................................................................................................... 12
4.3.1 Activity data for natural gas ............................................................................................. 13
4.3.2 Emission factors for natural gas ........................................................................................ 13
4.4
Fuel Transport .................................................................................................................................... 13
4.4.1 Activity data for fuel transport .......................................................................................... 13
4.4.2 Emission factors for fuel transport .................................................................................... 13
4.5
Bio-diesel ............................................................................................................................................ 13
4.5.1 Estimation of bio-diesel emission impacts ......................................................................... 13
5
GHG INVENTORY COMPONENTS .......................................................................................... 14
5.1
Emissions.............................................................................................................................................. 14
5.2
Target Setting.................................................................................................................................... 16
5.3
Directed Actions to Reduce GHG Emissions ................................................................................. 17
5.3.1 Technological upgrades ...................................................................................................... 17
5.3.2 Fuel switching ....................................................................................................................... 18
5.3.3 Customer demand management ........................................................................................ 19
5.3.4 Other actions to reduce GHG emissions - RET ................................................................. 21
5.3.3 Future actions to reduce GHG emissions........................................................................... 21
5.4
Estimation of Uncertainty ................................................................................................................. 22
6
GHG INVENTORY QUALITY MANAGEMENT.......................................................................... 23
6.1
GHG Information Management ..................................................................................................... 23
6.2
Document Retention and Record keeping .................................................................................... 24
6.3
Organization's Role in Verification Activities .............................................................................. 24
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GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
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APPENDIX A: GHG INVENTORY .................................................................................................. 25
APPENDIX B: EMISSION FACTORS & GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS ...................................... 53
Emission Factors ............................................................................................................................................... 53
Global Warming Potentials.......................................................................................................................... 54
APPENDIX C: STANDARD REPORTING DECLARATION ............................................................... 55
APPENDIX D: PAST EMISSION REDUCTION ACTIVITIES .............................................................. 57
APPENDIX E: FUTURE EMISSION REDUCTION ACTIVITIES ........................................................... 61
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GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
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List of Tables and Figures
Figure 1.1: Hydro One Remote Communities' Service Territory ..................................................................... 7
Table 3.1: Comparison of Direct GHG Emissions from Base Year ................................................................. 9
Figure 3.1: Direct GHG Emissions Intensity ....................................................................................................... 10
Table 3.2: Comparison of Direct, Energy Indirect and Other Indirect Emissions Intensity ....................... 10
Table 3.3: Quantification of Direct GHG Emissions ........................................................................................ 10
Table 5.1: Emission Source Summary ................................................................................................................. 14
Figure 5.1: GHG Emissions by Source (tCO2) .................................................................................................. 14
Table 5.2: Total Direct CO2e Emissions per Remote Community................................................................... 15
Figure 5.2: Percentage of Total CO2e Emissions from Remote Communities in 2011 ............................. 16
Figure 5.3: GHG Emission Intensity Performance. ........................................................................................... 17
Table 5.3: Completed Emission Reduction Activities for 2011 ...................................................................... 17
Table 5.4: Summary of Bio-diesel Use for 2011 ............................................................................................ 18
Figure 5.4: Percentage of Total Fuel Consumed in 2011 .............................................................................. 18
Figure 5.5: Summary of Fuel Use from 2008-2011 (L) .................................................................................. 19
Table 5.5: 2011 Energy Savings Initiatives through Customer Demand Management ........................... 20
Table 5.6: Uncertainty Ranking ........................................................................................................................... 22
Table 6.1: GHG Report Responsibilities ........................................................................................................... 23
Table A-1: Direct GHG Emission Totals ............................................................................................................. 25
Table A-2: Energy Emissions - Thunder Bay Service Centre .......................................................................... 26
Table A-3: Armstrong ............................................................................................................................................ 27
Table A-4: Attawapiskat ...................................................................................................................................... 28
Table A-5: Bearskin Lake ..................................................................................................................................... 29
Table A-6: Big Trout Lake .................................................................................................................................... 30
Table A-7: Bisco ..................................................................................................................................................... 31
Table A-8: Cat Lake .............................................................................................................................................. 32
Table A-9: Deer Lake ........................................................................................................................................... 33
Table A-10: Fort Albany ...................................................................................................................................... 34
Table A-11: Fort Severn ....................................................................................................................................... 35
Table A-12: Gull Bay ............................................................................................................................................ 36
Table A-13: Hillsport ............................................................................................................................................. 37
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Table A-14: Kasabonika ...................................................................................................................................... 38
Table A-15: Kingfisher .......................................................................................................................................... 39
Table A-16: Lansdowne........................................................................................................................................ 40
Table A-17: Marten Falls ..................................................................................................................................... 41
Table A-18: Oba ................................................................................................................................................... 42
Table A-19: Pikangikum ....................................................................................................................................... 43
Table A-20: Sachigo ............................................................................................................................................. 44
Table A-21: Sandy Lake ...................................................................................................................................... 45
Table A-22: Sultan................................................................................................................................................. 46
Table A-23: Wapekeka ....................................................................................................................................... 47
Table A-24: Weagamow ..................................................................................................................................... 48
Table A-25: Webequie ........................................................................................................................................ 49
Table A-26: Fuel Transport Emissions - by ROAD ........................................................................................... 50
Table A-27: Fuel Transport Emissions - by AIR ................................................................................................. 51
Table A-28: Generation by Renewable Energy Technology (RET) .............................................................. 52
Table B-1: Emission Factors .................................................................................................................................. 53
Table B-2: Global Warming Potentials ............................................................................................................. 54
Table C-1: Reporting Information ....................................................................................................................... 55
Table D-1: Completed Emission Reduction Activities from 2001 to 2010 .................................................. 57
Table E-1: Future Emission Reduction Activities from 2012 to 2016 ........................................................... 61
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1
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
INTRODUCTION
Remotes believes that the CleanStart™ Registry is an important initiative to focus efforts on
GHG emission reductions, thus helping Canada meet its GHG reduction goals of reducing the
effects of global warming. Remotes has committed to submitting an annual GHG Inventory
Report and Action Plan to the CleanStart™ Registry in support of these goals.
The following report details the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory for the
operations of Hydro One Remote Communities (Remotes). This inventory lists the sources
of GHG emissions and the quantity of emissions released from each source during the
reporting period. Remotes will use the data from this report to disclose its emissions to
CSA's CleanStart™ Registry.
Integrated Management Solutions Ltd. (IMS) is the agent to Remotes and is responsible for
the completion of Remotes' GHG inventory and reporting in accordance with CAN/CSA-ISO
Standard 14064-1-06 Greenhouse Gases - Part 1: Specification with guidance at the
organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and
removals. In addition, the World Resource Institute (WRI)/World Business Council for
Sustainable Development (WBCSD) Standard: Greenhouse Gas Protocol: A Corporate
Accounting and Reporting Standards and CAN/CSA-ISO Standard 14064-3-06 Greenhouse
Gases - Part 3: Specification with guidance for the validation of greenhouse gas assertions
were used as additional resources. An independent third party will be engaged to provide
independent verification of this report.
It is determined that Remotes produced 73,908 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e)
for the 2011 reporting year. Direct GHG emissions account for 58.82% of reported
emissions. Energy indirect account for 0.05% of the reported emissions. Other indirect
GHG emissions account for the remaining 41.13% of the reported emissions. Please refer
to Section 5 and Appendix A for the detailed GHG inventory.
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HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
ORGANIZATIONAL PROFILE
Remotes is a subsidiary of Hydro One Inc. and is based in Thunder Bay, Ontario. Remotes
generates and distributes electrical energy to remote communities in Northern Ontario that
are not connected to the province's electricity grid. Remotes currently serves twenty-one
(21) remote northern communities with nineteen (19) diesel generating stations.
The electricity that Remotes produces is primarily generated by diesel generators, with
some community loads supplemented by mini-hydroelectric plants and/or wind turbines.
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HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
Figure 1.1: Hydro One Remote Communities' Service Territory
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GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
3
GHG INVENTORY DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT
3.1
Organizational Boundaries
August 1, 2012
Organizational boundaries are used to determine how GHG emissions are accounted for.
Organizations can choose to account their GHG emissions based on three different boundary
conceptions: equity share, financial control or operational control.
Remotes has consolidated and is reporting its facility-level GHG emissions and offsets over
which it has financial and operational control. This includes emissions generated from the
production of electricity by fuel-burning generators at each remote community it serves, the
offsets produced from hydroelectric generation, transport emissions associated with the fuel
deliveries used for production, and imported electricity used at the service centre building.
3.2
Operational Boundaries
Operational boundaries are identified to define the GHG emissions and offsets associated
with the organization's operations. GHG emissions and offsets are categorized as direct
emissions, energy indirect emissions and other indirect emissions, as defined below:
Direct GHG emissions:
GHG emissions from GHG sources owned or controlled by the organization.
Energy Indirect GHG emissions:
GHG emissions from the generation of imported electricity, heat or steam consumed
by the organization.
Other Indirect GHG emissions:
GHG emissions, other than energy indirect emissions, which is a consequence of an
organization's activities, but arises from greenhouse gas sources that are owned or
controlled by other organizations.
3.2.1 Direct GHG emissions for Remotes
Direct GHG emissions released from Remotes' facility-level sources are a result of fuel
combustion and natural gas consumption.
Generators within the serviced remote communities burn diesel and bio-diesel fuels for the
production of electricity, directly emitting GHGs to the atmosphere. Fuel consumption is
determined through purchase receipts. Natural gas, purchased from Union Gas, is used to
operate Remotes' head office in Thunder Bay. These emissions are based on purchase
receipts.
Direct transportation emissions from property-owned
commuting was not included in this GHG inventory.
vehicles,
employee
travel
or
3.2.2 Energy indirect GHG emissions for Remotes
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Indirect GHG emissions from the operation of Remotes' head office in Thunder Bay result
from imported electricity and are included in the GHG inventory. Estimates are based on
receipts from the purchase of electrical energy from Thunder Bay Hydro.
3.2.3 Other indirect GHG emissions for Remotes
This report also accounts for other indirect GHG emissions which are based on the
transportation of purchased primary material. Remotes relies on purchased fuel to service
the generators that produce most of its product. Due to the distributed nature of Remotes'
generating capabilities and the amount of travel involved to deliver fuel to the nineteen
communities, Remotes included the indirect air and road transport emissions to build a
more comprehensive GHG inventory. (Note: Fuel delivery by barge was not included in this
report.)
3.3
Historical Emissions
The base year quantification of 1990 was chosen to evaluate GHG emissions. Refer to
Tables 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3, and Figure 3.1 for summaries and illustrations of GHG emission
intensity from the base year to the current reporting period.
Since fuel transport emissions were included for the first time in 2011, Tables 3.1 and 3.3
only include the direct emissions to better illustrate the comparison of emissions intensity
over the years. Table 3.2 accounts for emissions from all reported sources.
For direct emissions only, Remotes achieved a net emission intensity of 0.000738 CO2e per
kWh for 2011. Since the base year, Remotes has increased its direct emissions by 78.1%
due to a 131.6% increase in electricity demand within the communities. Through directed
emission reduction activities and an increase in renewable energy generation, however,
Remotes has lowered its overall emission intensity by 26.0% since the 1990 baseline.
Table 3.1: Comparison of Direct GHG Emissions Intensity from Base Year
Base Year (1990)
Current Reporting Year
(2011)
Absolute Emissions (tonnes CO2e)
Direct Emissions
24,410.38
43,473.31
Production (kWh)
Units of Generator Production (kWh)
Renewable Energy Technology Production
(kWh)
24,505,364
56,751,074
n/a
2,136,132
Emission Intensity (tonnes CO2e/unit production)
Gross Emission Intensity
Net Emission Intensity
0.000996
0.000766
n/a
0.000738
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Table 3.2: Comparison of Direct, Energy Indirect and Other Indirect Emissions Intensity
Base Year (1990)
Current Reporting Year
(2011)
Absolute Emissions (tonnes CO2e)
Direct Emissions
24,410.38
Energy Indirect
58.00
37.45
n/a
30,397.00
Other Indirect Emissions
43,473.31
Production (kWh)
Units of Generator Production (kWh)
24,505,364
56,751,074
n/a
2,136,132
Renewable Energy Technology Production
(kWh)
Emission Intensity (tonnes CO2e/unit production)
Gross Emission Intensity
0.000996
0.001302
n/a
0.001255
Net Emission Intensity
The methodology used to calculate base year quantification has not changed since Remotes’
original submission to CSA's Challenge Registry in 2003.
Emission factors used to calculate emissions are listed by GHG source in sub-sections 4.1 to
4.5 and in Appendix B.
Table 3.3: Quantification of Direct GHG Emissions
Year
(expressed as
CO2e)
(expressed as
CO2e)
(expressed as
CO2e)
(total tonnes)
1990
22,704.88
23.81
1,057.23
24,410.38
Total
Generation
(kWh)
24,505,364
1991
26,145.99
27.42
1,217.46
28,061.55
28,349,815
CO2
CH4
N2O
C02e
CO2e per kWh
Generated
0.000996
0.000990
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Year
(expressed as
CO2e)
(expressed as
CO2e)
(expressed as
CO2e)
(total tonnes)
1992
26,962.43
28.28
1,255.48
29,053.50
Total
Generation
(kWh)
31,883,583
1993
33,007.36
34.62
1,536.96
35,330.57
37,681,890
0.000938
1994
35,856.14
37.61
1,669.61
38,304.46
41,662,806
0.000919
1995
40,423.68
42.40
1,882.29
43,298.19
46,438,464
0.000932
1996
42,527.41
44.60
1,980.25
45,790.90
51,119,647
0.000896
1997
44,171.49
46.33
2,056.80
47,854.60
51,469,797
0.000930
1998
40,984.34
42.99
1,908.40
44,595.94
49,904,700
0.000894
1999
41,644.46
43.68
1,939.13
45,299.22
52,481,796
0.000863
2000
45,715.73
47.95
2,128.71
49,632.96
60,548,438
0.000820
2001
45,739.67
47.95
2,128.33
47,915.95
58,407,766
0.000820
2002
42,961.87
45.03
1,998.80
45,005.70
57,849,172
0.000778
2003
43,560.93
45.66
2,026.70
45,633.29
58,434,379
0.000781
2004
38,502.62
40.35
1,790.95
40,333.92
52,045,608
0.000775
2005
37,742.15
39.50
1,755.43
39,537.09
52,241,239
0.000757
2006
38,291.58
40.13
1,781.31
40,113.02
51,299,438
0.000782
2007
39,426.52
41.33
1,834.57
41,302.42
53,809,839
0.000768
2008
41,248.08
49.06
1,918.49
43,209.80
54,865,485
0.000788
2009
40,216.76
40.56
1,870.86
42,128.18
55,371,891
0.000761
2010
39,880.89
39.26
1,855.82
41,775.97
54,945,714
0.000760
2011
41,501.74
40.60
1,930.97
43,473.31
58,887,206
0.000738
CO2
CH4
N2O
C02e
CO2e per kWh
Generated
0.000911
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August 1, 2012
QUANTIFICATION
Remotes has identified and assessed its GHG sources and estimated its GHG emissions
using quantification methodologies that minimize uncertainty and yield accurate, consistent
and reproducible results.
Since direct measurement is not always practical, Remotes has quantified its diesel,
electricity, natural gas and fuel transport emissions using a calculation based on GHG
activity multiplied by a GHG emission factor, or:
Activity Data x Emission Factor = GHG Emission
Additionally, Remotes quantified its bio-diesel emissions using an estimation of emission
impacts.
Please refer to Appendix B for a summary of the emission factors used.
4.1
Diesel
4.1.1 Activity data for diesel
Activity data for diesel fuel accounts for the volume of fuel combusted and is based on fuel
purchase invoices from several fuel suppliers, reported in litres (L).
4.1.2 Emission factors for diesel
The emission factors used for the burning of diesel fuel were taken from Environment
Canada's National Inventory Report, 1990-2010, Part 2, Annex 8, Table A8-4 Emission
Factors for Refined Petroleum Products, and is expressed in grams per litre of fuel (g/L).
4.2
Electricity
4.2.1 Activity data for electricity
Activity data for electricity consumption is based on utility bills from Thunder Bay Hydro and
is reported in kilowatt hours (kWh).
4.2.2 Emission factors for electricity
Electricity emission factors were obtained from Environment Canada's National Inventory
Report, 1990-2010, Part 3, Annex 13, Table A13-7: Electricity Generation and GHG
Emission Details for Ontario. The 2010 value is based on preliminary data and since the
report published data up to 2010, the 2010 value was used for 2011. The electricity
generation intensity emission factor is measured in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per
kilowatt hour (g CO2e/kWh).
4.3
Natural Gas
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4.3.1 Activity data for natural gas
Activity data for natural gas usage is based on utility bills from Union Gas and is reported in
cubic metres (m3).
4.3.2 Emission factors for natural gas
Emission factors for burning natural gas
Environment Canada's National Inventory
Emission Factors for Natural Gas and Table
Gas. The emission factors are expressed in
4.4
in a commercial building were obtained from
Report, 1990-2010, Part 2, Table A8-1: CO2
A8-2: CH4 and N2O Emission Factors for Natural
grams per cubic metre (g/m3).
Fuel Transport
4.4.1 Activity data for fuel transport
Activity data for road and air transport emissions was estimated using measured map
distances and the total volume of fuel delivered to each community (based on fuel delivery
receipts by several suppliers, as reported in litres).
4.4.2 Emission factors for fuel transport
Emission factors for road and air transport emissions were obtained from Environment
Canada's National Inventory Report, 1990-2010 Part 2, Table A8-11: Emission Factors for
Energy Mobile Sources. Emission factors are expressed in grams per litre (g/L).
For air transport, a Radiative Forcing Index (RFI) value for aircraft of 2.7 was used, as
obtained from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Reports:
Aviation and the Global Atmosphere, Chapter 6.6.5. Also, an average fuel economy of
6.229 L/km or 2.650 gallons/miles was used, as listed the US EPA Greenhouse Gas
Inventory Protocol Core Module Guidance, Direct Emissions from Mobile Combustion, Table
4: Fuel Economy Values by Vehicle Type.
For road transport, an average fuel economy of 1L/2.13km or 5 miles/gallon is used, and is
based on an educated guess.
4.5
Bio-diesel
4.5.1 Estimation of bio-diesel emission impacts
Bio-diesel emissions were calculated based on an estimation of the emission impacts of its
use from the volume of fuel combusted. The estimated percent change in emissions per
bio-diesel blend was derived from US EPA'S A Comprehensive Analysis of Biodiesel Impacts
on Exhaust Emissions, Draft Technical Report, 2002, Figure ES-A.
Data for bio-diesel consumption is based on purchase invoices from several suppliers and is
reported in litres (L).
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5
GHG INVENTORY COMPONENTS
5.1
Emissions
August 1, 2012
The total emissions from direct, energy indirect and other indirect emission sources for the
2011 reporting year are 73,908 tonnes of CO2e. Diesel and bio-diesel fuel combustion,
energy use including natural gas consumption and electricity use, and fuel transport via
road and air account for Remotes' reported emissions.
Table 5.1 and Figure 5.1
summarizes the emissions by their GHG source. (Refer to Appendix A for the complete GHG
emissions inventory.)
Table 5.1: Emission Source Summary
Source
Emissions (t CO2e)
% of Total
43,405
58.73%
Bio-diesel Combustion
31
0.04%
Natural Gas Consumption
ENERGY INDIRECT EMISSIONS
Electricity
OTHER INDIRECT EMISSIONS
Fuel Transport via ROAD
Fuel Transport via AIR
TOTALS
37
0.05%
37
0.05%
112
30,285
73,908
0.15%
40.98%
100.00%
DIRECT GHG EMISSIONS
Diesel Combustion
Figure 5.1 GHG Emissions by Source (t CO2e)
Diesel Combustion (58.73%)
Bio-diesel Combustion (0.04%)
30,285
43,405
Natural Gas Consumption
(0.05%)
Electricity (0.05%)
Fuel Transport via ROAD
(0.15%)
112
37
37
31
Fuel Transport via AIR (40.98%)
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The breakdown of CO2 emissions per Remote Community is illustrated in Table 5.2 and
Figure 5.2. In most cases, emissions reflect the electricity output or demand in the
community, with the largest stations (e.g. Sandy Lake) responsible for the largest share of
emissions.
Refer to Section 3.3 of this report for the GHG emission intensity summary.
Table 5.2: Total Direct CO2e Emissions per Remote Community
Remote Community
Thunder Bay
Armstrong
Bearskin Lake
Big Trout Lake
Bisco
Deer Lake
Fort Severn
Gull Bay
Hillsport
Kasabonika
Kingfisher
Lansdowne
Marten Falls
Oba
Sachigo
Sandy Lake
Sultan
Wapekeka
Weagamow
Webequie
TOTAL
2011 tCO2e
% of Total CO2e Emissions
37
3,062
2,190
4,680
451
2,696
2,074
1,086
289
3,172
1,830
1,552
1,505
307
2,198
8,168
229
2,136
3,438
2,371
43,473
0.09%
7.04%
5.04%
10.77%
1.04%
6.20%
4.77%
2.50%
0.66%
7.30%
4.21%
3.57%
3.46%
0.71%
5.06%
18.79%
0.53%
4.91%
7.91%
5.45%
100.00%
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Figure 5.2: Percentage of Total CO2e Emissions from Remote Communities in 2011
70.00%
60.00%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
5.2
Webequie
Weagamow
Wapekeka
Sultan
Sandy Lake
Sachigo
Oba
Marten Falls
Lansdowne
Kingfisher
Kasabonika
Hillsport
Gull Bay
Fort Severn
Deer Lake
Bisco
Big Trout Lake
Bearskin Lake
Armstrong
Thunder Bay
0.00%
Target Setting
Remotes began implementing emission reduction activities in 1997 as part of Ontario
Hydro’s (former name of Hydro One) corporate program for renewable energy and have
since been using them to set its emission intensity targets. A goal of reaching 0.000731
tonnes CO2e per kWh has been set for the end of 2015. Since 1998, these activities have
reduced CO2e emissions intensity by 26.0%, as shown in Figure 5.3. (Refer to Figure 3.1
for the detailed emission intensity performance to date.)
Remotes is on track to meeting its target. It is important to note that the emissions
intensity target was set prior to the inclusion of fuel transport emissions to the GHG
inventory. This may therefore challenge target-reaching deadlines.
The emission intensity target is reviewed regularly as part of the management system.
Targets will be updated once they are reached.
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Figure 5.3: GHG Emission Intensity Performance
CO2e/kWh Generated
0.001200
0.001000
Target CO2e per
kWh Generated
0.000800
0.000600
Actual CO2e per
kWh Generated
0.000400
0.000200
2014
2012
2010
2008
2006
2004
2002
2000
1998
1996
1994
1992
1990
0.000000
5.3 Directed Actions to Reduce GHG Emissions
Remotes has implemented directed actions to reduce GHG emissions. In 2011, these
strategies focused on technological upgrades, fuel switching and customer demand
management programs. Remotes estimates that 277 tonnes of CO2e has been prevented
from release to the atmosphere, as summarized in Table 5.3. Refer to specific sub-sections
for more details. (For a list of past emission reduction actions, see Appendix D.)
Table 5.3: Completed Emission Reduction Activities for 2011
Emission Reduction
Activities
Description
Technological
Upgrades
Tier 2+ engine replacements at two sites:
Gull Bay (1) and Oba (3)
Station upgrade at Webequie
Fuel Switching
Bio-diesel use in 18 communities
Customer Demand
and Use
Management
Energy savings initiatives and efficiency
upgrades
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
Estimated
CO2e
Reductions
(tonnes)
TBD
Emission
Reduction
Category
(working with
suppliers to
quantify)
Direct
95
Direct
2
Direct
180
Direct
277
5.3.1 Technological upgrades
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HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
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Technological upgrades involve the replacement of older engines with Tier 2 or Tier 3
engines. Although the amount of fuel consumed may not be reduced, fuel efficiencies
should improve, thereby reducing emissions. Currently, Remotes is working with suppliers
to assess the reduction in emissions from these new engines.
In 2011, engine replacements occurred at two Remote communities.
‐
‐
Gull Bay (1) upgrade was placed in service in August.
Oba (3) upgrade was placed in service in November.
Due to technical start-up issues and the limited time with which the engines were in service,
generator efficiencies only registered slightly better than the 5-year site average.
Other technological upgrades involve station upgrades with the installation of new, more
efficient engines and PLC units. A PLC assesses current load requirements and matches this
with the optimum engine to run, ensuring the most efficient use of generators possible.
Typically, a station upgrade will result in approximately a 4% reduction in CO 2e per kWh
generated (determined from historical information – typical station upgrade at Sachigo
resulted in 4.3% reduction of CO2e per kWh generated).
In July of 2011, Webequie underwent a complete station upgrade. It is estimated that 95
tonnes of CO2e was prevented release to the atmosphere as a result.
5.3.2 Fuel switching
In 2011, Remotes used blended bio-diesel for 77% of their total fuel needs, as outlined in
Table 5.4 and Figure 5.4. Combustion data is based on fuel delivery receipts.
Table 5.4: Summary of bio-diesel use for 2011
Total Amount
Combusted
(L)
Percentage of
Total Fuel
Consumed (%)
Diesel
(regular)
3,556,088
22.84
B5 diesel
9,746,833
62.60
B20 diesel
2,267,688
14.56
TOTALS
15,570,608
100.00
Fuel Type
Figure 5.4: Percentage of Total Fuel
Consumed in 2011
14.56
22.84
62.6
Diesel (regular)
B5 diesel
B20 diesel
Remotes began using bio-diesel in 2008 after successful pilot projects in 2004 and 2005,
and has considerably increased its bio-fuel consumption over the years.
Figure 5.5
illustrates the increased use.
Page 18
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
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Communities
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Figure 5.5: Summary of Fuel Use from 2008-2011 (L)
16,000,000
14,000,000
4,055,534
3,556,088
Regular Diesel
Consumption (L)
12,000,000
10,000,000
9,763,078
13,251,798
Bio-diesel
Consumption (L)
8,000,000
6,000,000
10,909,433
4,000,000
2,000,000
12,014,521
5,322,443
2,217,423
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
Due to the consideration of the fuel life cycle perspective, this report only calculates the
direct effects of remotes' fuel switching activities, or bio-diesel use, on CH4 and N20
emissions.
It is understood that biomass-derived fuels reduce net atmospheric carbon by rapidly
cycling the carbon to the atmosphere (via Remotes' generators) and from the atmosphere
(via photosynthesis). They also reduce atmospheric carbon by displacing fossil fuels, where
the combustion releases carbon that took millions of years to be removed from the
atmosphere, rather than the rapid cycling of CO2 through biomass combustion. Although
the net effect of biodiesel use is the reduction of CO2 in the atmosphere, this report does
not account for its life cycle emission reductions. More research is needed.
5.3.3 Customer demand management
Customer demand management (CDM) initiatives take place at most Remote communities.
The strategy combines efficiency improvements for actual energy savings with an education
and training program to increase energy conservation awareness. The overall goal is that
energy demand is reduced, thus achieving proportionate declines in diesel fuel needs and
GHG emissions.
Table 5.5 lists the completed 2011 energy savings initiatives. Savings result from efficiency
improvements through direct customer distribution of energy efficient products.
Page 19
Remote
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HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
Table 5.5: 2011 Energy Savings Initiatives through Customer Demand Management
Activity Type1
Community
# of Items
Delivered
kW Savings
F32T8 (25W) Fluorescent Bulbs
Kingfisher
206
7,069.92
PHL SLS 24 Marathon Univ (25W)
Kingfisher
1
3,942.00
(10W) Crosstour LED Wallpak
Kingfisher
5
686.40
13W Fluorescent Bulbs
Sachigo
24
613.92
various
6
153.48
LED 35/string Holiday Lighting
Sachigo
24
115.92
Holiday Lighting
various
298
1,439.34
Sachigo
64
10,200.32
Fort Severn
5
796.90
Sachigo
24
11,605.20
Fort Severn
87
42,068.85
Sachigo
122
76,006.00
various
8
4,984.00
Energy Star Chest Freezers
various
7
320.67
Energy Star Refrigerators
various
15
1,692.00
Energy Star Stove c/w Ovens
various
11
605.00
Energy Star Washing Machines
various
8
1,450.16
Energy Star Dishwashers
various
1
7.00
Sachigo
40
15,080.00
Fort Severn
65
24,505.00
various
6
2,262.00
Sachigo
133
23,446.57
Fort Severn
87
15,337.23
various
6
1,057.74
Sachigo
133
no data available
Fort Severn
87
no data available
various
6
no data available
Sachigo
94
no data available
various
6
no data available
Sachigo
50
no data available
various
6
no data available
Smart Power Bar
various
3
160.17
Refrigerator Thermometers
Sachigo
50
no data available
Lighting (Lamps)
Equipment
Outdoor Motion Sensors
Power Cost Monitors
Cold Water Detergent
Water Conservation Items
Low-flow Shower Heads
Kitchen Faucet Aerators
*(1.5 GPM Max)
Bathroom Faucet Aerators
*(0.5 GPM Max)
Toilet Tank Banks
* saves up to 0.8 US gallons or 3.02
L per flush
5 Minute Shower Timers
General Gadgets
Page 20
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
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Activity Type1
Community
* indicates proper temperatures for
safe food and energy savings
Hot Water Gauge
* gauges when temperatures are
above or below 120-130 degrees
TOTALS
August 1, 2012
kW Savings
various
# of Items
Delivered
3006
Sachigo
50
no data available
various
6
no data available
4,744
items delivered
245,605.79
kW saved
no data available
Note 1: The following 2011 building upgrades were not included in Table 5.5 (kW saved is assumed
from efficiency improvements):
‐
‐
new lighting systems at Big Trout and at the head office in Thunder Bay; and
new windows with UV coating at the head office in Thunder Bay.
Energy conservation education is also essential to Remotes' CDM strategy. Actions may
include circulating quarterly newsletters with billing statements, and communicating
Remotes’ environmental and energy efficiency programs with general pricing information
and tips regarding energy conservation. The goal is to create an information-sharing
network to better educate customers to reduce their energy demand.
Remotes also continues to consult with their Customer Advisory Board. The Board acts as a
forum for the discussion of issues with Remotes’ customers and is comprised of Remotes
staff and customer representatives. The Board offers an excellent opportunity to share
energy conservation strategies that can translate into reduced energy costs and lower
atmospheric emissions.
Remotes continues to develop their CDM program by establishing initiatives for 2012 and
beyond. (Refer to Appendix E: Future Emission Reduction Actions.)
5.3.4 Other actions to reduce GHG emissions - RET
Remotes operates renewable energy technologies (RET) that impacts GHG fuel-burning
emissions by preventing their release to the atmosphere. Hydroelectric units operate at
Deer Lake (Shoulderblade Falls) and at, and wind units are working at Big Trout and
Kasabonika. Refer to Table A-28 in Appendix A for the 2011 RET generation data.
It is estimated that the 2011 RET operations saved 586,084 L of fuel, preventing 1,561
tonnes of CO2e emissions from entering the atmosphere. (Note: there was no wind
generation at Big Trout during 2011.)
5.3.3 Future actions to reduce GHG emissions
Activities and projects that may be implemented in the future are outlined in Appendix E.
These applications will focus Remotes on the achievement of their emission intensity target.
Their completion is dependent on workforce availability, funding or approval by government
agencies, in addition to partnerships with First Nation groups.
Page 21
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5.4
August 1, 2012
Estimation of Uncertainty
Remotes has performed a qualitative estimation of the impact of uncertainties on the
accuracy of its GHG inventory. Table 5.6 below presents the opinions of the level of
uncertainty associated with each measured emission source and their emission factors.
Table 5.6: Uncertainty Ranking
Activity data
Uncertainty Assessment
Diesel Generator
Combustion
Low Uncertainty – Diesel consumption is based on the quantity of fuel
purchased. Minimal loss is expected from storage or generator leakages but
the impacts are negligible on fuel combustion data. Diesel emission factors are
consistent and quite accurate.
Electricity Consumption
Low Uncertainty – Electricity consumption is based on metered data from
Thunder Bay Hydro that is calibrated and verified. The emission factor is
based on an annual provincial grid average that includes all of the province's
controllable fuel sources (such as coal, natural gas, hydro and nuclear). Since
the emission factors for 2009-2011 have yet to be published (the reported
2009 value was only an estimate at the time of publication), the 2008 value
was used for years 2009 through to 2011.
Natural Gas Consumption
Low Uncertainty – Natural gas consumption is based on metered data that is
calibrated and verified by Union Gas. Natural gas emission factors are less
dependent on location and are almost always standard and accurate, although
uncertainty may be derived from fluctuations in measurement equipment.
Fuel Transport
High Uncertainty – Transport distances are measured by mapping techniques
using scaled maps. Amount of fuel consumed for transport is based on the
measured distances and the quantity of fuel delivered to corporate reservoirs.
Fuel data excludes fuel delivered by barge due to measurement difficulties.
Transport emission factors from mobile combustion sources are consistent and
accurate.
Remotes uses winter roads for fuel transport instead of air delivery when
seasonal conditions permit. This has a significant impact on emissions as fuel
trucks have a far greater capacity than air carrier tanks, lowering the number
of trips required and thereby reducing the emissions released.
Due to the variable conditions upon which winter fuel delivery operates, a high
uncertainty is given to fuel transport emissions.
Bio-diesel Consumption
High Uncertainty - Bio-diesel fuel combustion is based on the quantity of fuel
purchased. Minimal loss is expected from storage or generator leakages but
the impacts are negligible on fuel combustion data. Bio-diesel emission
factors, however, have a high uncertainty due to the limited emission data
currently available. Emission factors were extrapolated from estimates in the
percent change in emissions per bio-diesel blend, which although fairly
consistent with other sources, may not be the most accurate. Extrapolationbased emission factors also have a higher potential for interpretive errors.
Refer to sections "4.5.1 Estimation of Bio-diesel Emission Impacts" and "5.3.2
Fuel Switching" in this report for further details.
Page 22
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6
GHG INVENTORY QUALITY MANAGEMENT
6.1
GHG Information Management
August 1, 2012
Remotes has established roles, responsibilities and authorities for the management of its
GHG inventory.
This ensures consistency, accuracy, completeness, transparency and
conformance with the CAN/CSA-ISO Standard 14064-1-06 Greenhouse Gases - Part 1:
Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of
greenhouse gas emissions and removals.
Table 6.1 outlines the core GHG report
responsibilities.
Table 6.1: GHG Report Responsibilities
Name
Role
Company
Responsibilities
Kraemer Coulter
Project Director
Hydro One
Remote
Communities Inc.
‐ To approve and sign the CSA
CleanStart™ Registry application form
Bob Shine
Project Manager
Hydro One
Remote
Communities Inc.
- Overall responsibility of the GHG
inventory and GHG information
management
- To plan future emission reduction
activities
Dorothy Daneff
Project Associate
Hydro One
Remote
Communities Inc.
‐ To provide required inventory input
data (e.g. energy usage, volume of
fuel delivered , kW generated, etc.)
‐ To provide information regarding
customer demand management
initiatives
Stephanie Sudac
Evan Jones
GHG Quantifier
Third Party Verifier
Integrated
Management
Solutions Ltd.
(IMS Ltd.)
- To request and analyze activity data,
to collect appropriate emission factors
and to perform GHG calculations
Brookfield LePage
Johnson Controls
(BLJC)
- To verify that Remotes' GHG Inventory
Report meets both the CleanStart™
Registry and CAN/CSA-ISO Standard
14064-1-06 requirements
- To produce a report consistent with
both the CleanStart™ Registry and
CAN/CSA-ISO Standard 14064-1-06
requirements
- To issue a verification statement
Page 23
Remote
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6.2
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
Document Retention and Record keeping
Remotes keeps copies of all utility bills, fuel receipts, GHG emissions and other important
information used to generate the GHG inventory on Remotes' secure server. All fuel data is
input to the fuel management database system.
6.3
Organization's Role in Verification Activities
Evan Jones of Brookfield LePage Johnson Controls (BLJC) was contracted to provide
independent third party verification as per CAN/CSA-ISO Standard 14064-3-06
requirements. The verification was completed to a reasonable level of assurance.
Remotes prepared for the verification by:
‐
Engaging an objective third party verifier to provide a reasonable level of assurance;
-
Agreeing to verification objectives, scope, materiality and criteria with the verifier;
-
Reviewing each section using the CSA Registry checklist; and,
-
Using an internal review process for quality control of the inventory and of the
report.
CSA Standard reporting declarations is presented in Appendix C.
Page 24
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
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APPENDIX A: GHG INVENTORY
Table A-1: Direct GHG Emission Totals
DIRECT GHG EMISSION TOTALS
Fuel Consumption
Year
1990
Total Fuel
(L)
Diesel Regular (L)
8,526,053
Bio-diesel
- B5 (L)
Generation
Bio-diesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel B40 (L)
GHG Emissions
RET
Generation
C02
(in C02e)
CH4
(in
CO2e)
N2O
(in Co2e)
C02e
(total
tonnes)
CO2e/kWh
Generated
Emission
Intensity
Reduction
since
1990
Increase
in CO2e
since
1990
Increase in
electricity
output since
1990
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
8,526,053
24,505,364
2.87
22,704.88
23.81
1,057.23
24,410.38
0.000996
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
(kWh)
1991
9,818,246
9,818,246
28,349,815
2.89
26,145.99
27.42
1,217.46
28,061.55
0.000990
0.63%
14.96%
15.69%
1992
10,124,834
10,124,834
31,883,583
3.15
26,962.43
28.28
1,255.48
29,053.50
0.000911
8.52%
19.02%
30.11%
1993
12,394,802
12,394,802
37,681,890
3.04
33,007.36
34.62
1,536.96
35,330.57
0.000938
5.88%
44.74%
53.77%
1994
13,464,567
13,464,567
41,662,806
3.09
35,856.14
37.61
1,669.61
38,304.46
0.000919
7.70%
56.92%
70.02%
1995
15,179,754
15,179,754
46,438,464
3.06
40,423.68
42.40
1,882.29
43,298.19
0.000932
6.40%
77.38%
89.50%
1996
15,969,739
15,969,739
51,119,647
3.20
42,527.41
44.60
1,980.25
45,790.90
0.000896
10.08%
87.59%
108.61%
1997
16,587,115
16,587,115
51,469,797
3.10
44,171.49
46.33
2,056.80
47,854.60
0.000930
6.66%
96.04%
110.03%
1998
15,390,288
15,390,288
49,904,700
3.24
40,984.34
42.99
1,908.40
44,595.94
0.000894
10.29%
82.69%
103.65%
43.68
1,939.13
45,299.22
0.000863
13.35%
85.57%
114.16%
1999
15,638,174
15,638,174
52,481,796
3.36
41,644.46
2000
17,167,002
17,167,002
60,548,438
3.53
45,715.73
47.95
2,128.71
49,632.96
0.000820
17.71%
103.33%
147.08%
2001
17,162,271
17,162,271
58,407,766
3.40
45,739.67
47.95
2,128.33
47,915.95
0.000820
17.64%
96.29%
138.35%
2002
16,117,399
16,117,399
57,849,172
3.59
42,961.87
45.03
1,998.80
45,005.70
0.000778
21.90%
84.37%
136.07%
2003
16,342,407
16,342,407
58,434,379
3.58
43,560.93
45.66
2,026.70
45,633.29
0.000781
21.60%
86.94%
138.46%
2004
14,440,948
14,416,403
24,545
0
0
52,045,608
3.60
38,502.62
40.35
1,790.95
40,333.92
0.000775
22.20%
65.23%
112.38%
2005
14,154,441
14,000,941
97,500
56,000
0
52,241,239
3.69
37,742.15
39.50
1,755.43
39,537.09
0.000757
24.02%
61.97%
113.18%
2006
14,363,464
14,363,464
51,299,438
3.57
38,291.58
40.13
1,781.31
40,113.02
0.000782
21.50%
64.33%
109.34%
2007
14,793,411
14,793,411
53,809,839
3.64
39,426.52
41.33
1,834.57
41,302.42
0.000768
22.95%
69.20%
119.58%
2008
15,469,221
13,251,798
2,217,423
0
0
54,865,485
3.55
41,248.08
49.06
1,918.49
43,209.80
0.000788
20.94%
77.01%
123.89%
2009
15,085,521
9,763,078
4,361,915
261,450
699,078
55,371,891
3.67
40,216.76
40.56
1,870.86
42,128.18
0.000761
23.62%
72.58%
125.96%
39,880.89
39.26
1,855.82
41,775.97
0.000760
23.67%
71.14%
124.22%
41,501.74
40.60
1,930.97
43,473.31
0.000738
25.89%
78.09%
131.59%
2010
14,964,966
4,055,534
9,040,430
1,869,003
0
54,945,714
3.67
2011
15,570,609
3,556,088
9,746,833
2,267,688
0
56,751,074
3.64
2,136,132
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HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
Table A-2: Energy Emissions - Thunder Bay Service Centre
Thunder Bay Service Centre - Energy Emissions
Electricity Emissions
(indirect)
Natural Gas Emissions
(direct)
Year
Electricity
Consumed
(kWh)
C02e
(tonnes)
Natural Gas
Use (m3)
C02
(tonnes)
CH4
(tonnes)
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
1990
290,000
331,200
270,720
58.00
66.24
54.14
55.30
60.48
66.53
69.98
58.46
50.11
60.48
107.01
102.00
95.42
91.21
86.55
64.34
49.18
52.01
44.86
27.11
32.39
37.45
19,446.13
21,947.62
21,873.56
24,682.02
26,011.00
22,177.62
16,853.00
28,498.65
23,425.13
15,531.54
19,802.44
36.54
41.24
41.10
46.38
48.87
41.67
31.67
53.55
44.02
29.18
37.21
7.20E-04
8.12E-04
8.09E-04
9.13E-04
9.62E-04
8.21E-04
6.24E-04
1.05E-03
8.67E-04
5.75E-04
7.33E-04
6.81E-04
7.68E-04
7.66E-04
8.64E-04
9.10E-04
7.76E-04
5.90E-04
9.97E-04
8.20E-04
5.44E-04
6.93E-04
36.77
41.49
41.35
46.66
49.18
41.93
31.86
53.88
44.29
29.36
37.44
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
276,480
302,400
332,640
349,920
292,320
250,560
302,400
369,000
351,720
329,040
314,510
298,440
2010
279,720
258,840
247,680
263,880
271,080
249,120
2011
288,090
2006
2007
2008
2009
Page 26
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Table A-3: Armstrong
ARMSTRONG
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total Fuel
(L)
Diesel regular
(L)
1990
908,586
1991
1992
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
908,586
2,229,656
2.45
2419.565
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.121
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.363
2535
0.00%
0.00114
1,169,779
1,169,779
2,751,814
2.35
3115.121
906,078
906,078
3,026,163
3.34
0.156
0.468
3263
28.75%
0.00119
2412.886
0.121
0.362
2528
-0.28%
0.00084
1993
1,028,712
1,028,712
3,140,258
3.05
2739.460
0.137
0.411
2870
13.22%
0.00091
1994
1,158,111
1,158,111
1995
1,232,613
1,232,613
3,621,219
3.13
3084.050
0.154
0.463
3231
27.46%
0.00089
3,692,237
3.00
3282.448
0.164
0.493
3439
35.66%
0.00093
1996
1,253,103
1,253,103
4,029,600
3.22
3337.013
0.167
0.501
3496
37.92%
0.00087
1997
1,266,885
1,266,885
3,686,169
2.91
3373.715
0.168
0.507
3534
39.43%
0.00096
1998
1,118,458
1,118,458
3,778,800
3.38
2978.454
0.149
0.447
3120
23.10%
0.00083
1999
1,030,978
1,030,978
3,880,405
3.76
2745.494
0.137
0.412
2876
13.47%
0.00074
2000
1,185,746
1,185,746
4,350,982
3.67
3157.642
0.158
0.474
3308
30.50%
0.00076
2001
1,166,721
1,166,721
4,490,026
3.85
3106.978
0.155
0.467
3255
28.41%
0.00072
2002
1,204,308
1,204,308
4,484,140
3.72
3207.072
0.160
0.482
3360
32.55%
0.00075
2003
1,203,851
1,203,851
4,479,740
3.72
3205.855
0.160
0.482
3358
32.50%
0.00075
2004
1,152,496
1,152,496
4,328,490
3.76
3069.097
0.153
0.461
3215
26.85%
0.00074
2005
1,152,739
1,152,739
4,234,130
3.67
3069.744
0.153
0.461
3216
26.87%
0.00076
2006
1,069,953
1,069,953
3,980,440
3.72
2849.285
0.142
0.428
2985
17.76%
0.00075
2007
1,103,626
1,103,626
4,076,810
3.69
2938.956
0.147
0.441
3079
21.47%
0.00076
2008
1,139,293
1,139,293
4,186,110
3.67
3033.937
0.152
0.456
3178
25.39%
0.00076
2009
1,083,142
1,196
802,117
148,798
131,031
4,041,600
3.73
2884.407
0.000
0.101
0.016
0.011
0.433
3021
19.20%
0.00075
2010
1,043,151
0
790,462
252,689
0
3,905,490
3.74
2777.911
0.000
0.099
0.027
0.000
0.417
2910
14.80%
0.00075
2011
1,097,787
0
844,394
253,393
0
4,104,510
3.74
2923.407
0.000
0.106
0.027
0.000
0.439
3062
20.81%
0.00075
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 27
Remote
Communities
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
Table A-4: Attawapiskat
ATTAWAPISKAT
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total Fuel
(L)
Diesel regular
(L)
1990
1,008,301
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
1,008,301
2,838,069
2.81
2685.106
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.134
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.403
2813
0.00%
0.00099
1,089,791
1,089,791
3,131,161
2.87
2902.113
0.145
0.436
3040
8.08%
0.00097
1992
1,028,276
1,028,276
3,281,551
3.19
1993
1,472,598
1,472,598
3,537,234
2.40
2738.299
0.137
0.411
2869
1.98%
0.00087
3921.528
0.196
0.589
4108
46.05%
0.00116
1994
1,389,234
1,389,234
3,702,988
2.67
3699.530
0.185
0.556
3876
37.78%
0.00105
1995
1,431,516
1,431,516
1996
1,947,783
1,947,783
4,626,902
3.23
3812.127
0.190
0.573
3994
41.97%
0.00086
5,800,800
2.98
5186.946
0.259
0.779
5434
93.17%
0.00094
1997
1,906,941
1,906,941
5,889,960
3.09
5078.184
0.254
0.763
5320
89.12%
0.00090
1998
1,866,644
1,866,644
5,990,800
3.21
4970.873
0.248
0.747
5208
85.13%
0.00087
1999
1,956,816
1,956,816
6,598,006
3.37
5211.001
0.260
0.783
5459
94.07%
0.00083
2000
2,075,427
2,075,427
7,343,510
3.54
5526.862
0.276
0.830
5790
105.83%
0.00079
2001
2,064,830
2,064,830
7,431,072
3.60
5498.642
0.275
0.826
5760
104.78%
0.00078
2002
2,250,236
2,250,236
8,445,337
3.75
5992.378
0.299
0.900
6278
123.17%
0.00074
2003
2,216,660
2,216,660
7,831,464
3.53
5902.966
0.295
0.887
6184
119.84%
0.00079
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Page 28
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-5: Bearskin Lake
BEARSKIN LAKE
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
273,587
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
273,587
741,313
2.71
728.562
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.036
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.109
763
0.00%
0.00103
319,191
319,191
830,174
2.60
850.006
0.042
0.128
890
16.67%
0.00107
1992
364,149
364,149
1,089,969
2.99
1993
557,090
557,090
1,593,305
2.86
969.729
0.048
0.146
1016
33.10%
0.00093
1483.531
0.074
0.223
1554
103.62%
0.00098
1994
555,071
555,071
1,870,931
3.37
1478.154
0.074
0.222
1549
102.89%
0.00083
1995
614,157
614,157
1996
595,220
2,135,196
3.48
1635.500
0.082
0.246
1713
124.48%
0.00080
595,220
1,874,400
3.15
1585.071
0.079
0.238
1661
117.56%
0.00089
1997
633,080
633,080
2,067,214
3.27
1685.892
0.084
0.253
1766
131.40%
0.00085
1998
679,735
679,735
1,826,400
2.69
1810.134
0.090
0.272
1896
148.45%
0.00104
1999
629,166
629,166
2,290,875
3.64
1675.469
0.084
0.252
1755
129.97%
0.00077
2000
719,276
719,276
2,400,300
3.34
1915.432
0.096
0.288
2007
162.91%
0.00084
2001
704,230
704,230
2,460,000
3.49
1875.364
0.094
0.282
1965
157.41%
0.00080
2002
704,612
704,612
2,535,000
3.60
1876.382
0.094
0.282
1966
157.55%
0.00078
2003
726,000
726,000
2,548,500
3.51
1933.337
0.097
0.290
2025
165.36%
0.00079
2004
758,802
758,802
2,734,500
3.60
2020.690
0.101
0.304
2117
177.35%
0.00077
2005
735,531
735,531
2,628,000
3.57
1958.719
0.098
0.294
2052
168.85%
0.00078
2006
740,113
740,113
2,610,000
3.53
1970.921
0.098
0.296
2065
170.52%
0.00079
2007
791,805
791,805
2,893,500
3.65
2108.577
0.105
0.317
2209
189.42%
0.00076
2008
834,416
2222.050
0.111
0.334
2328
204.99%
0.00080
802,337
324,677
0
0
2,917,500
2,794,500
3.50
2009
834,416
477,660
3.48
2136.623
0.064
0.041
0.000
0.000
0.321
2238
193.26%
0.00080
2010
734,336
46,000
528,118
160,218
0
2,643,000
3.60
1955.537
0.006
0.066
0.017
0.000
0.294
2048
168.39%
0.00078
2011
785,091
262,195
508,579
14,317
0
2,826,000
3.60
2090.697
0.035
0.064
0.002
0.000
0.314
2190
186.95%
0.00078
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 29
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-6: Big Trout Lake
BIG TROUT LAKE
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total Fuel
(L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
658,710
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
658,710
1,989,883
3.02
1754.145
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.088
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.263
1838
0.00%
0.00092
722,491
722,491
2,533,474
3.51
1923.994
0.096
0.289
2016
9.68%
0.00080
1992
775,333
775,333
2,429,984
3.13
1993
860,795
860,795
3,056,078
3.55
2064.712
0.103
0.310
2163
17.70%
0.00089
2292.297
0.114
0.344
2401
30.68%
0.00079
1994
1,140,629
1,140,629
3,789,262
3.32
3037.495
0.152
0.456
3182
73.16%
0.00084
1995
1,235,802
1,235,802
1996
1,089,309
3,926,502
3.18
3290.941
0.164
0.494
3448
87.61%
0.00088
1,089,309
3,572,800
3.28
2900.830
0.145
0.436
3039
65.37%
0.00085
1997
1,135,700
1,135,700
3,828,721
3.37
3024.369
0.151
0.454
3168
72.41%
0.00083
1998
1,101,579
1,101,579
3,908,800
3.55
2933.505
0.147
0.441
3073
67.23%
0.00079
1999
1,131,808
1,131,808
3,964,800
3.50
3014.005
0.151
0.453
3158
71.82%
0.00080
2000
1,234,683
1,234,683
4,515,200
3.66
3287.961
0.164
0.494
3445
87.44%
0.00076
2001
1,304,148
1,304,148
4,443,600
3.41
3472.946
0.173
0.522
3638
97.99%
0.00082
2002
1,405,403
1,405,403
5,009,600
3.56
3742.588
0.187
0.562
3921
113.36%
0.00078
2003
1,445,964
1,445,964
5,270,400
3.64
3850.601
0.192
0.578
4034
119.51%
0.00077
2004
1,512,992
1,512,992
5,553,600
3.67
4029.098
0.201
0.605
4221
129.69%
0.00076
2005
1,528,135
1,528,135
5,372,800
3.52
4069.424
0.203
0.611
4263
131.99%
0.00079
2006
1,530,136
1,530,136
5,545,600
3.62
4074.752
0.204
0.612
4269
132.29%
0.00077
2007
1,556,208
1,556,208
5,755,700
3.70
4144.182
0.207
0.622
4341
136.25%
0.00075
2008
1,640,071
4367.509
0.218
0.656
4575
148.98%
0.00078
1,645,049
668,155
0
88,744
5,899,804
6,137,600
3.60
2009
1,640,071
888,150
3.73
4380.765
0.118
0.084
0.000
0.007
0.658
4589
149.73%
0.00075
2010
1,613,492
0
1,357,588
255,904
0
5,843,200
3.62
4296.729
0.000
0.170
0.027
0.000
0.645
4501
144.93%
0.00077
2011
1,677,785
0
1,310,830
366,955
0
6,059,200
3.61
4467.941
0.000
0.164
0.039
0.000
0.671
4680
154.68%
0.00077
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 30
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-7: Bisco
BISCO
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
139,656
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
139,656
376,349
2.69
371.904
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.019
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.056
390
0.00%
0.00104
158,662
158,662
408,747
2.58
422.517
0.021
0.063
443
13.61%
0.00108
1992
145,609
145,609
477,875
3.28
1993
153,843
153,843
547,139
3.56
387.757
0.019
0.058
406
4.26%
0.00085
409.684
0.020
0.062
429
10.16%
0.00078
1994
173,563
173,563
442,672
2.55
462.198
0.023
0.069
484
24.28%
0.00109
1995
181,266
181,266
1996
182,406
458,474
2.53
482.711
0.024
0.073
506
29.79%
0.00110
182,406
482,100
2.64
485.747
0.024
0.073
509
30.61%
0.00106
1997
171,184
171,184
442,247
2.58
455.863
0.023
0.068
478
22.58%
0.00108
1998
187,538
187,538
477,600
2.55
499.414
0.025
0.075
523
34.29%
0.00110
1999
188,365
188,365
486,900
2.58
501.616
0.025
0.075
525
34.88%
0.00108
2000
194,674
194,674
549,000
2.82
518.417
0.026
0.078
543
39.40%
0.00099
2001
189,868
189,868
477,300
2.51
505.618
0.025
0.076
530
35.95%
0.00111
2002
162,329
162,329
435,300
2.68
432.282
0.022
0.065
453
16.23%
0.00104
2003
168,206
168,206
2004
158,301
2005
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
445,500
2.65
447.934
0.022
0.067
469
20.44%
0.00105
140,316
17,985
0
0
416,400
2.63
421.556
0.019
0.002
0.000
0.000
0.063
442
13.35%
0.00106
150,439
34,939
78,000
37,500
0
410,700
2.73
400.619
0.005
0.010
0.004
0.000
0.060
420
7.71%
0.00102
2006
156,892
156,892
387,000
2.47
417.803
0.021
0.063
438
12.34%
0.00113
2007
150,962
150,962
408,000
2.70
402.012
0.020
0.060
421
8.10%
0.00103
2008
162,683
2.59
433.225
0.022
0.065
454
16.49%
0.00108
2009
162,680
162,683
0
2.62
433.217
0.000
0.016
0.004
0.000
0.065
454
16.48%
0.00106
2010
156,160
415.854
0.000
0.012
0.007
0.000
0.062
436
11.80%
0.00098
2011
161,841
430.983
0.000
0.018
0.002
0.000
0.065
451
15.88%
0.00097
125,355
37,325
0
421,200
426,900
0
91,871
64,289
0
443,700
2.84
0
143,930
17,911
0
467,100
2.89
Page 31
Remote
Communities
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
Table A-8: Cat Lake
CAT LAKE
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
223,836
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
223,836
624,665
2.79
596.075
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.030
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.090
624
0.00%
0.00100
240,405
240,405
694,248
2.89
640.199
0.032
0.096
671
7.40%
0.00097
1992
289,380
289,380
786,208
2.72
1993
269,423
269,423
891,008
3.31
770.619
0.038
0.116
807
29.28%
0.00103
717.473
0.036
0.108
752
20.37%
0.00084
1994
265,649
265,649
902,039
3.40
707.423
0.035
0.106
741
18.68%
0.00082
1995
340,462
340,462
1996
443,989
443,989
1,081,165
3.18
906.650
0.045
0.136
950
52.10%
0.00088
1,397,600
3.15
1182.343
0.059
0.178
1239
98.35%
0.00089
1997
566,343
566,343
1,749,822
3.09
1508.171
0.075
0.227
1580
153.02%
0.00090
1998
595,107
595,107
1,903,400
3.20
1584.770
0.079
0.238
1660
165.87%
0.00087
1999
599,310
599,310
1,916,000
3.20
1595.963
0.080
0.240
1672
167.75%
0.00087
2000
623,910
623,910
2,058,400
3.30
1661.472
0.083
0.250
1741
178.74%
0.00085
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Page 32
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-9: Deer Lake
DEER LAKE
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
268,687
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
268,687
902,346
3.36
715.513
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.036
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.107
750
0.00%
0.00083
281,631
281,631
954,103
3.39
749.983
0.037
0.113
786
4.82%
0.00082
1992
313,532
313,532
1,117,830
3.57
1993
341,839
341,839
1,411,672
4.13
834.936
0.042
0.125
875
16.69%
0.00078
910.317
0.045
0.137
954
27.23%
0.00068
1994
440,246
440,246
1,630,869
3.70
1172.375
0.059
0.176
1228
63.85%
0.00075
1995
519,207
519,207
1996
539,898
1,921,120
3.70
1382.648
0.069
0.208
1448
93.24%
0.00075
539,898
1,768,400
3.28
1437.748
0.072
0.216
1506
100.94%
0.00085
1997
577,218
577,218
1,977,191
3.43
1537.132
0.077
0.231
1610
114.83%
0.00081
1998
611,469
611,469
1,969,200
3.22
1628.342
0.081
0.245
1706
127.58%
0.00087
1999
560,245
560,245
2,645,035
4.72
1491.932
0.075
0.224
1563
108.51%
0.00059
2000
527,153
527,153
2,919,676
5.54
1403.808
0.070
0.211
1471
96.20%
0.00050
2001
549,372
549,372
2,788,174
5.08
1462.978
0.073
0.220
1533
104.47%
0.00055
2002
625,252
625,252
3,250,544
5.20
1665.046
0.083
0.250
1744
132.71%
0.00054
2003
791,655
791,655
3,779,725
4.77
2108.177
0.105
0.317
2209
194.64%
0.00058
2004
803,443
803,443
3,798,468
4.73
2139.569
0.107
0.321
2241
199.03%
0.00059
2005
684,361
684,361
4,766,509
6.96
1822.453
0.091
0.274
1909
154.71%
0.00040
2006
847,089
847,089
3,969,498
4.69
2255.798
0.113
0.339
2363
215.27%
0.00060
2007
869,216
869,216
4,391,229
5.05
2314.722
0.116
0.348
2425
223.51%
0.00055
2008
913,088
2431.553
0.121
0.365
2547
239.83%
0.00056
907,769
621,454
0
56,319
4,565,771
4,781,339
5.00
2009
913,088
229,996
5.27
2417.389
0.031
0.078
0.000
0.005
0.363
2532
237.83%
0.00053
2010
902,126
0
698,555
203,571
0
4,700,727
5.21
2402.362
0.000
0.088
0.021
0.000
0.361
2517
235.72%
0.00054
2011
966,636
0
729,681
236,955
0
5,018,002
5.19
2574.152
0.000
0.091
0.025
0.000
0.387
2696
259.73%
0.00054
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 33
Remote
Communities
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
Table A-10: Fort Albany
FORT ALBANY
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total Fuel
(L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
1,292,427
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
1,292,427
4,257,296
3.29
3441.733
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.172
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.517
3606
0.00%
0.00085
1,581,636
1,581,636
4,944,539
3.13
4211.897
0.210
0.633
4412
22.38%
0.00089
1992
1,839,006
1,839,006
5,557,343
3.02
1993
1,973,649
1,973,649
6,654,029
3.37
4897.273
0.245
0.736
5130
42.29%
0.00092
5255.827
0.262
0.789
5506
52.71%
0.00083
1994
2,199,460
2,199,460
6,942,504
3.16
5857.162
0.293
0.880
6136
70.18%
0.00088
1995
2,557,412
2,557,412
1996
2,480,665
2,480,665
7,497,271
2.93
6810.388
0.340
1.023
7135
97.88%
0.00095
7,911,667
3.19
6606.011
0.330
0.992
6921
91.94%
0.00087
1997
2,369,663
2,369,663
7,752,268
3.27
6310.413
0.315
0.948
6611
83.35%
0.00085
1998
1,306,416
1,306,416
4,260,000
3.26
3478.986
0.174
0.523
3645
1.08%
0.00086
1999
1,555,358
1,555,358
5,090,000
3.27
4141.918
0.207
0.622
4339
20.34%
0.00085
2000
1,835,754
1,835,754
6,325,000
3.45
4888.613
0.244
0.734
5121
42.04%
0.00081
2001
1,724,277
1,724,277
5,622,500
3.26
4591.750
0.229
0.690
4810
33.41%
0.00086
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Page 34
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-11: Fort Severn
FORT SEVERN
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
257,534
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
257,534
894,347
3.47
685.813
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.034
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.103
718
0.00%
0.00080
255,261
255,261
831,693
3.26
679.760
0.034
0.102
712
-0.88%
0.00086
1992
455,762
455,762
1,020,593
2.24
1993
283,425
283,425
1,191,359
4.20
1213.694
0.061
0.182
1271
76.97%
0.00125
754.761
0.038
0.113
791
10.05%
0.00066
1994
340,691
340,691
1,137,002
3.34
907.260
0.045
0.136
950
32.29%
0.00084
1995
411,905
411,905
1996
510,079
1,284,908
3.12
1096.903
0.055
0.165
1149
59.94%
0.00089
510,079
1,682,800
3.30
1358.340
0.068
0.204
1423
98.06%
0.00085
1997
573,800
573,800
1,751,307
3.05
1528.029
0.076
0.230
1601
122.81%
0.00091
1998
618,972
618,972
1,872,000
3.02
1648.322
0.082
0.248
1727
140.35%
0.00092
1999
550,705
550,705
1,902,400
3.45
1466.527
0.073
0.220
1536
113.84%
0.00081
2000
676,719
676,719
2,304,800
3.41
1802.103
0.090
0.271
1888
162.77%
0.00082
2001
700,932
700,932
2,331,200
3.33
1866.582
0.093
0.280
1955
172.17%
0.00084
2002
763,932
763,932
2,474,400
3.24
2034.351
0.102
0.306
2131
196.63%
0.00086
2003
778,269
778,269
2,674,400
3.44
2072.529
0.104
0.311
2171
202.20%
0.00081
2004
787,745
787,745
2,652,800
3.37
2097.765
0.105
0.315
2198
205.88%
0.00083
2005
751,944
751,944
2,540,800
3.38
2002.427
0.100
0.301
2098
191.98%
0.00083
2006
766,655
766,655
2,542,400
3.32
2041.602
0.102
0.307
2139
197.69%
0.00084
2007
784,406
784,406
2,625,600
3.35
2088.873
0.104
0.314
2188
204.58%
0.00083
2008
797,397
2123.468
0.106
0.319
2225
209.63%
0.00082
745,462
279,315
0
0
2,698,400
2,625,600
3.38
2009
797,397
466,147
3.52
1985.165
0.062
0.035
0.000
0.000
0.298
2080
189.46%
0.00079
2010
671,859
0
507,339
164,520
0
2,287,200
3.40
1789.161
0.000
0.064
0.017
0.000
0.269
1874
160.86%
0.00082
2011
743,573
378,310
365,263
0
0
2,420,800
3.26
1980.135
0.050
0.046
0.000
0.000
0.297
2074
188.72%
0.00086
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 35
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-12: Gull Bay
GULL BAY
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
237,717
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
237,717
655,555
2.76
633.040
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.032
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.095
663
0.00%
0.00101
217,952
217,952
770,691
3.54
580.406
0.029
0.087
608
-8.31%
0.00079
1992
193,851
193,851
689,178
3.56
1993
575,563
575,563
805,244
1.40
516.225
0.026
0.078
541
-18.45%
0.00078
1532.724
0.077
0.230
1606
142.12%
0.00199
1994
251,275
251,275
724,928
2.88
669.145
0.033
0.101
701
5.70%
0.00097
1995
271,460
271,460
1996
276,448
803,435
2.96
722.898
0.036
0.109
757
14.19%
0.00094
276,448
825,100
2.98
736.181
0.037
0.111
771
16.29%
0.00093
1997
246,995
246,995
681,748
2.76
657.748
0.033
0.099
689
3.90%
0.00101
1998
229,685
229,685
654,900
2.85
611.651
0.031
0.092
641
-3.38%
0.00098
1999
244,800
244,800
684,000
2.79
651.902
0.033
0.098
683
2.98%
0.00100
2000
251,639
251,639
745,800
2.96
670.115
0.033
0.101
702
5.86%
0.00094
2001
236,830
236,830
754,500
3.19
630.678
0.031
0.095
661
-0.37%
0.00088
2002
276,649
276,649
922,200
3.33
736.716
0.037
0.111
772
16.38%
0.00084
2003
323,033
323,033
1,087,800
3.37
860.238
0.043
0.129
901
35.89%
0.00083
2004
289,431
289,431
969,000
3.35
770.755
0.038
0.116
807
21.75%
0.00083
2005
247,587
247,587
804,000
3.25
659.324
0.033
0.099
691
4.15%
0.00086
2006
252,689
252,689
801,900
3.17
672.911
0.034
0.101
705
6.30%
0.00088
2007
317,333
317,333
980,700
3.09
845.058
0.042
0.127
885
33.49%
0.00090
2008
328,670
875.248
0.044
0.131
917
38.26%
0.00087
363,021
269,310
15,988
76,564
1,056,900
1,147,690
3.22
2009
328,670
1,159
3.16
966.725
0.000
0.034
0.002
0.006
0.145
1013
52.69%
0.00088
2010
364,996
0
324,582
40,414
0
1,231,600
3.37
971.984
0.000
0.041
0.004
0.000
0.146
1018
53.53%
0.00083
2011
389,224
0
289,597
99,627
0
1,282,500
3.30
1036.504
0.000
0.036
0.010
0.000
0.156
1086
63.72%
0.00085
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 36
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-13: Hillsport
HILLSPORT
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
119,844
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
119,844
220,665
1.84
319.145
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.016
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.048
334
0.00%
0.00152
115,955
115,955
249,055
2.15
308.788
0.015
0.046
323
-3.25%
0.00130
1992
88,237
88,237
248,799
2.82
1993
105,876
105,876
261,776
2.47
234.975
0.012
0.035
246
-26.37%
0.00099
281.948
0.014
0.042
295
-11.66%
0.00113
1994
121,370
121,370
304,121
2.51
323.208
0.016
0.049
339
1.27%
0.00111
1995
126,584
126,584
1996
118,701
374,126
2.96
337.093
0.017
0.051
353
5.62%
0.00094
118,701
406,400
3.42
316.101
0.016
0.047
331
-0.95%
0.00081
1997
119,453
119,453
261,085
2.19
318.103
0.016
0.048
333
-0.33%
0.00128
1998
127,811
127,811
467,400
3.66
340.361
0.017
0.051
357
6.65%
0.00076
1999
122,803
122,803
308,004
2.51
327.024
0.016
0.049
343
2.47%
0.00111
2000
111,554
111,554
279,300
2.50
297.068
0.015
0.045
311
-6.92%
0.00111
2001
129,572
129,572
296,550
2.29
345.050
0.017
0.052
361
8.12%
0.00122
2002
120,884
120,884
357,450
2.96
321.914
0.016
0.048
337
0.87%
0.00094
2003
129,559
129,559
334,350
2.58
345.015
0.017
0.052
361
8.11%
0.00108
2004
135,305
135,305
372,750
2.75
360.317
0.018
0.054
377
12.90%
0.00101
2005
131,922
131,922
364,200
2.76
351.308
0.018
0.053
368
10.08%
0.00101
2006
126,358
126,358
338,700
2.68
336.491
0.017
0.051
353
5.44%
0.00104
2007
125,317
125,317
304,500
2.43
333.719
0.017
0.050
350
4.57%
0.00115
2008
123,977
330.151
0.016
0.050
346
3.45%
0.00105
110,924
80,130
30,794
0
328,800
280,800
2.65
2009
123,977
0
2.53
295.391
0.000
0.010
0.003
0.000
0.044
309
-7.45%
0.00110
2010
107,572
0
77,320
30,252
0
268,050
2.49
286.464
0.000
0.010
0.003
0.000
0.043
300
-10.25%
0.00112
2011
103,463
0
87,970
15,493
0
249,000
2.41
275.522
0.000
0.011
0.002
0.000
0.041
289
-13.68%
0.00116
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 37
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-14: Kasabonika
KASABONIKA
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total Fuel
(L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
344,699
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
344,699
826,734
2.40
917.933
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.046
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.138
962
0.00%
0.00116
338,709
338,709
907,159
2.68
901.982
0.045
0.135
945
-1.74%
0.00104
1992
356,150
356,150
1,167,657
3.28
1993
411,146
411,146
1,556,691
3.79
948.427
0.047
0.142
994
3.32%
0.00085
1094.882
0.055
0.164
1147
19.28%
0.00074
1994
553,972
553,972
1,629,028
2.94
1475.227
0.074
0.222
1545
60.71%
0.00095
1995
600,197
600,197
1996
615,297
1,810,852
3.02
1598.325
0.080
0.240
1674
74.12%
0.00092
615,297
2,138,000
3.47
1638.536
0.082
0.246
1717
78.50%
0.00080
1997
685,184
685,184
2,028,859
2.96
1824.645
0.091
0.274
1912
98.78%
0.00094
1998
744,321
744,321
2,545,500
3.42
1982.127
0.099
0.298
2077
115.93%
0.00082
1999
732,558
732,558
2,443,850
3.34
1950.802
0.097
0.293
2044
112.52%
0.00084
2000
827,656
827,656
2,893,500
3.50
2204.048
0.110
0.331
2309
140.11%
0.00080
2001
911,627
911,627
2,969,844
3.26
2427.663
0.121
0.365
2543
164.47%
0.00086
2002
895,977
895,977
3,208,500
3.58
2385.987
0.119
0.358
2500
159.93%
0.00078
2003
951,463
951,463
3,433,500
3.61
2533.747
0.127
0.381
2654
176.03%
0.00077
2004
1,010,838
1,010,838
3,627,000
3.59
2691.862
0.134
0.404
2820
193.25%
0.00078
2005
964,111
964,111
3,643,500
3.78
2567.428
0.128
0.386
2690
179.70%
0.00074
2006
1,073,429
1,073,429
3,819,000
3.56
2858.541
0.143
0.429
2995
211.41%
0.00078
2007
1,105,610
1,105,610
4,036,500
3.65
2944.239
0.147
0.442
3084
220.75%
0.00076
2008
1,206,582
3213.128
0.160
0.483
3366
250.04%
0.00079
1,204,169
0
0
0
4,240,500
4,210,500
3.51
2009
1,206,582
1,204,169
3.50
3206.702
0.160
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.482
3359
249.34%
0.00080
2010
1,147,437
911,326
116,622
119,489
0
4,192,500
3.65
3055.625
0.121
0.015
0.013
0.000
0.459
3201
232.87%
0.00076
2011
1,136,943
554,112
566,762
16,069
0
4,114,500
3.62
3027.679
0.074
0.071
0.002
0.000
0.455
3172
229.83%
0.00077
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 38
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-15: Kingfisher
KINGFISHER
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
0
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
0
0
0.00
0.000
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.000
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.000
0
0.00%
0.00000
133,668
133,668
325,241
2.43
355.958
0.018
0.053
373
0.00%
0.00115
1992
229,994
229,994
615,132
2.67
1993
178,910
178,910
675,042
3.77
612.474
0.031
0.092
642
72.06%
0.00104
476.437
0.024
0.072
499
33.85%
0.00074
1994
263,364
263,364
805,157
3.06
701.338
0.035
0.105
735
97.03%
0.00091
1995
377,008
377,008
1996
440,064
1,083,397
2.87
1003.972
0.050
0.151
1052
182.05%
0.00097
440,064
1,548,800
3.52
1171.890
0.059
0.176
1228
229.22%
0.00079
1997
488,172
488,172
1,296,380
2.66
1300.002
0.065
0.195
1362
265.21%
0.00105
1998
492,689
492,689
1,394,400
2.83
1312.031
0.066
0.197
1375
268.59%
0.00099
1999
519,218
519,218
1,434,000
2.76
1382.678
0.069
0.208
1449
288.44%
0.00101
2000
535,005
535,005
1,738,400
3.25
1424.718
0.071
0.214
1493
300.25%
0.00086
2001
517,591
517,591
1,699,200
3.28
1378.345
0.069
0.207
1444
287.22%
0.00085
2002
539,247
539,247
1,854,400
3.44
1436.015
0.072
0.216
1504
303.42%
0.00081
2003
554,405
554,405
1,792,000
3.23
1476.381
0.074
0.222
1547
314.76%
0.00086
2004
585,469
585,469
1,900,000
3.25
1559.104
0.078
0.234
1633
338.00%
0.00086
2005
573,465
573,465
1,902,400
3.32
1527.137
0.076
0.229
1600
329.02%
0.00084
2006
624,570
624,570
1,917,600
3.07
1663.230
0.083
0.250
1742
367.25%
0.00091
2007
649,374
649,374
2,052,800
3.16
1729.283
0.086
0.260
1812
385.81%
0.00088
2008
710,801
1892.863
0.095
0.284
1983
431.77%
0.00092
730,882
176,651
0
0
2,166,400
2,348,800
3.05
2009
710,801
554,231
3.21
1946.339
0.074
0.022
0.000
0.000
0.292
2039
446.78%
0.00087
2010
593,560
0
436,689
156,871
0
2,192,000
3.69
1580.650
0.000
0.055
0.016
0.000
0.237
1656
344.01%
0.00076
2011
655,985
0
515,622
140,363
0
2,370,400
3.61
1746.888
0.000
0.065
0.015
0.000
0.262
1830
390.71%
0.00077
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 39
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-16: Lansdowne
LANSDOWNE
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
213,142
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
213,142
518,142
2.43
567.597
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.028
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.085
595
0.00%
0.00115
202,624
202,624
516,567
2.55
539.588
0.027
0.081
565
-4.93%
0.00109
1992
229,211
229,211
615,837
2.69
1993
236,421
236,421
856,023
3.62
610.389
0.030
0.092
639
7.54%
0.00104
629.589
0.031
0.095
660
10.92%
0.00077
1994
302,670
302,670
769,613
2.54
806.010
0.040
0.121
844
42.00%
0.00110
1995
400,886
400,886
1996
385,640
1,014,802
2.53
1067.559
0.053
0.160
1118
88.08%
0.00110
385,640
1,056,880
2.74
1026.959
0.051
0.154
1076
80.93%
0.00102
1997
454,780
454,780
1,113,823
2.45
1211.079
0.060
0.182
1269
113.37%
0.00114
1998
439,555
439,555
1,349,700
3.07
1170.535
0.058
0.176
1226
106.23%
0.00091
1999
566,796
566,796
1,624,121
2.87
1509.378
0.075
0.227
1581
165.92%
0.00097
2000
515,700
515,700
1,693,000
3.28
1373.309
0.069
0.206
1439
141.95%
0.00085
2001
509,913
509,913
1,677,000
3.29
1357.898
0.068
0.204
1423
139.24%
0.00085
2002
566,953
566,953
1,870,000
3.30
1509.796
0.075
0.227
1582
166.00%
0.00085
2003
549,759
549,759
1,839,000
3.35
1464.009
0.073
0.220
1534
157.93%
0.00083
2004
617,944
617,944
2,055,000
3.33
1645.585
0.082
0.247
1724
189.92%
0.00084
2005
605,615
605,615
2,032,000
3.36
1612.753
0.081
0.242
1690
184.14%
0.00083
2006
551,891
551,891
1,837,000
3.33
1469.686
0.073
0.221
1540
158.93%
0.00084
2007
570,509
570,509
1,878,000
3.29
1519.265
0.076
0.228
1592
167.67%
0.00085
2008
602,047
1603.251
0.080
0.241
1680
182.46%
0.00091
543,727
0
0
64,888
1,840,000
1,702,000
3.06
2009
602,047
478,839
3.13
1447.945
0.064
0.000
0.000
0.005
0.217
1517
155.09%
0.00089
2010
539,108
63,276
362,636
113,196
0
1,750,000
3.25
1435.645
0.008
0.045
0.012
0.000
0.216
1504
152.91%
0.00086
2011
556,202
0
401,792
154,410
0
1,795,000
3.23
1481.166
0.000
0.050
0.016
0.000
0.222
1552
160.93%
0.00086
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 40
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-17: Marten Falls
MARTEN FALLS
Fuel Consumption
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
Diesel Regular
(L)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
2009
24,626
24,626
0
0
0
80,000
3.25
65.579
0.003
0.000
0.000
2010
496,072
53,718
416,944
25,411
0
1,514,527
3.05
1321.040
0.007
0.052
2011
539,341
0
443,868
95,473
0
1,438,000
2.67
1436.265
0.000
0.056
Year
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.000
0.010
69
0.00%
0.00086
0.003
0.000
0.198
1384
100.00%
0.00091
0.010
0.000
0.216
1505
200.00%
0.00105
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Page 41
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-18: Oba
OBA
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
135,449
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
135,449
403,877
2.98
360.701
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.018
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.054
378
0.00%
0.00094
138,724
138,724
442,527
3.19
369.422
0.018
0.055
387
2.42%
0.00087
1992
177,807
177,807
409,202
2.30
1993
123,818
123,818
472,877
3.82
473.500
0.024
0.071
496
31.27%
0.00121
329.727
0.016
0.050
345
-8.59%
0.00073
1994
145,309
145,309
412,902
2.84
386.958
0.019
0.058
405
7.28%
0.00098
1995
155,337
155,337
1996
161,496
410,289
2.64
413.662
0.021
0.062
433
14.68%
0.00106
161,496
450,600
2.79
430.064
0.021
0.065
451
19.23%
0.00100
1997
164,006
164,006
425,493
2.59
436.748
0.022
0.066
458
21.08%
0.00108
1998
164,641
164,641
473,700
2.88
438.439
0.022
0.066
459
21.55%
0.00097
1999
143,912
143,912
419,100
2.91
383.238
0.019
0.058
401
6.25%
0.00096
2000
136,883
136,883
356,970
2.61
364.519
0.018
0.055
382
1.06%
0.00107
2001
149,689
149,689
324,000
2.16
398.622
0.020
0.060
418
10.51%
0.00129
2002
130,271
130,271
344,100
2.64
346.912
0.017
0.052
363
-3.82%
0.00106
2003
118,192
118,192
298,800
2.53
314.745
0.016
0.047
330
-12.74%
0.00110
2004
111,426
111,426
287,100
2.58
296.727
0.015
0.045
311
-17.74%
0.00108
2005
121,364
121,364
321,300
2.65
323.192
0.016
0.049
339
-10.40%
0.00105
2006
117,925
117,925
287,100
2.43
314.034
0.016
0.047
329
-12.94%
0.00115
2007
112,808
112,808
259,800
2.30
300.408
0.015
0.045
315
-16.72%
0.00121
2008
123,856
329.829
0.016
0.050
346
-8.56%
0.00131
122,581
94,036
28,545
0
264,300
271,500
2.13
2009
123,856
0
2.21
326.433
0.000
0.012
0.003
0.000
0.049
342
-9.51%
0.00126
2010
104,184
0
62,769
41,415
0
227,700
2.19
277.442
0.000
0.008
0.004
0.000
0.042
291
-23.09%
0.00128
2011
110,054
0
74,281
35,773
0
264,900
2.41
293.074
0.000
0.009
0.004
0.000
0.044
307
-18.76%
0.00116
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 42
Remote
Communities
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
Table A-19: Pikangikum
PIKANGIKUM
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
526,715
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
526,715
1,586,684
3.01
1402.642
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.070
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.211
1469
0.00%
0.00093
610,345
610,345
1,868,878
3.06
1625.349
0.081
0.244
1703
15.88%
0.00091
1992
550,202
550,202
1,992,367
3.62
1993
829,846
829,846
2,343,807
2.82
1465.188
0.073
0.220
1535
4.46%
0.00077
2209.880
0.110
0.332
2315
57.55%
0.00099
1994
847,458
847,458
2,447,757
2.89
2256.781
0.113
0.339
2364
60.89%
0.00097
1995
942,422
942,422
1996
866,480
866,480
2,766,379
2.94
2509.670
0.125
0.377
2629
78.92%
0.00095
2,905,600
3.35
2307.436
0.115
0.347
2417
64.51%
0.00083
1997
939,803
939,803
2,897,788
3.08
2502.695
0.125
0.376
2622
78.43%
0.00090
1998
414,758
414,758
1,344,000
3.24
1104.501
0.055
0.166
1157
-21.26%
0.00086
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Page 43
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-20: Sachigo
SACHIGO
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
256,472
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
256,472
733,082
2.86
682.985
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.034
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.103
716
0.00%
0.00098
299,640
299,640
986,724
3.29
797.941
0.040
0.120
836
16.83%
0.00085
1992
241,489
241,489
871,130
3.61
1993
258,567
258,567
1,007,544
3.90
643.085
0.032
0.097
674
-5.84%
0.00077
688.564
0.034
0.103
721
0.82%
0.00072
1994
308,048
308,048
945,311
3.07
820.332
0.041
0.123
859
20.11%
0.00091
1995
381,741
381,741
1996
482,660
1,079,492
2.83
1016.576
0.051
0.153
1065
48.84%
0.00099
482,660
1,577,400
3.27
1285.324
0.064
0.193
1347
88.19%
0.00085
1997
620,533
620,533
1,737,210
2.80
1652.479
0.083
0.248
1731
141.95%
0.00100
1998
647,477
647,477
1,686,000
2.60
1724.231
0.086
0.259
1806
152.46%
0.00107
1999
654,152
654,152
2,103,300
3.22
1742.007
0.087
0.262
1825
155.06%
0.00087
2000
718,571
718,571
2,458,500
3.42
1913.555
0.096
0.287
2005
180.18%
0.00082
2001
760,941
760,941
2,562,000
3.37
2026.386
0.101
0.304
2123
196.70%
0.00083
2002
831,540
831,540
2,907,000
3.50
2214.391
0.111
0.333
2320
224.22%
0.00080
2003
803,011
803,011
2,778,000
3.46
2138.418
0.107
0.321
2240
213.10%
0.00081
2004
819,845
819,845
2,862,000
3.49
2183.247
0.109
0.328
2287
219.66%
0.00080
2005
824,784
824,784
2,928,000
3.55
2196.400
0.110
0.330
2301
221.59%
0.00079
2006
832,741
832,741
2,860,500
3.44
2217.589
0.111
0.333
2323
224.69%
0.00081
2007
848,612
848,612
2,874,000
3.39
2259.854
0.113
0.339
2367
230.88%
0.00082
2008
868,704
3.49
2313.359
0.116
0.347
2424
238.71%
0.00080
2009
867,679
868,704
506,688
360,991
3.45
2310.629
0.067
0.045
0.000
0.000
0.347
2421
238.31%
0.00081
2010
795,251
0
2117.753
0.000
0.088
0.010
0.000
0.318
2218
210.05%
0.00078
2011
788,068
0
2098.625
0.000
0.069
0.025
0.000
0.315
2198
207.24%
0.00077
0
0
3,034,500
2,992,500
701,189
94,062
0
2,838,000
3.57
553,666
234,402
0
2,847,000
3.61
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 44
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-21: Sandy Lake
SANDY LAKE
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total Fuel
(L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
821,496
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
821,496
2,444,479
2.98
2187.644
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.109
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.329
2292
0.00%
0.00094
1,023,130
1,023,130
2,655,792
2.60
2724.595
0.136
0.409
2854
24.54%
0.00107
1992
933,805
933,805
3,024,617
3.24
1993
1,312,833
1,312,833
3,508,788
2.67
2486.723
0.124
0.374
2605
13.67%
0.00086
3496.074
0.175
0.525
3663
59.81%
0.00104
1994
1,575,065
1,575,065
5,052,161
3.21
4194.398
0.209
0.630
4394
91.73%
0.00087
1995
1,779,811
1,779,811
1996
1,904,994
5,381,963
3.02
4739.637
0.237
0.712
4965
116.65%
0.00092
1,904,994
6,707,000
3.52
5072.999
0.253
0.762
5315
131.89%
0.00079
1997
2,016,301
2,016,301
6,623,048
3.28
5369.410
0.268
0.807
5625
145.44%
0.00085
1998
2,271,550
2,271,550
7,962,500
3.51
6049.138
0.302
0.909
6337
176.51%
0.00080
1999
2,561,092
2,561,092
8,234,500
3.22
6820.188
0.341
1.024
7145
211.76%
0.00087
2000
2,667,201
2,667,201
9,572,500
3.59
7102.756
0.355
1.067
7441
224.68%
0.00078
2001
2,984,916
2,984,916
9,745,000
3.26
7948.831
0.397
1.194
8327
263.35%
0.00085
2002
3,066,124
3,066,124
10,877,501
3.55
8165.088
0.408
1.226
8554
273.24%
0.00079
2003
2,972,644
2,972,644
10,487,500
3.53
7916.152
0.395
1.189
8293
261.86%
0.00079
2004
2,951,531
2,951,531
10,772,500
3.65
7859.927
0.393
1.181
8234
259.29%
0.00076
2005
2,961,984
2,961,984
10,697,500
3.61
7887.763
0.394
1.185
8263
260.56%
0.00077
2006
2,943,110
2,943,110
10,745,000
3.65
7837.502
0.391
1.177
8211
258.26%
0.00076
2007
2,951,470
2,951,470
11,025,000
3.74
7859.765
0.393
1.181
8234
259.28%
0.00075
2008
3,076,090
3.50
8191.628
0.409
1.230
8582
274.45%
0.00080
2009
2,917,836
3,076,090
2,388,999
247,305
3.82
7770.197
0.318
0.031
0.000
0.023
1.167
8140
255.17%
0.00073
2010
2,916,491
1,242,657
7766.617
0.165
0.210
0.000
0.000
1.167
8136
255.01%
0.00074
2011
2,928,069
1,129,018
7797.448
0.150
0.195
0.026
0.000
1.171
8168
256.41%
0.00072
0
281,532
10,772,500
11,140,962
1,673,835
0
0
10,930,120
3.75
1,554,803
244,248
0
11,290,000
3.86
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 45
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-22: Sultan
SULTAN
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
163,240
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
163,240
463,250
2.84
434.708
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.022
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.065
455
0.00%
0.00098
230,157
230,157
541,625
2.35
612.908
0.031
0.092
642
40.99%
0.00119
1992
168,890
168,890
571,375
3.38
1993
212,201
212,201
638,611
3.01
449.754
0.022
0.068
471
3.46%
0.00082
565.091
0.028
0.085
592
29.99%
0.00093
1994
244,427
244,427
639,601
2.62
650.909
0.033
0.098
682
49.73%
0.00107
1995
206,556
206,556
1996
210,475
649,040
3.14
550.059
0.027
0.083
576
26.54%
0.00089
210,475
670,800
3.19
560.495
0.028
0.084
587
28.94%
0.00088
1997
109,459
109,459
587,186
5.36
291.489
0.015
0.044
305
-32.95%
0.00052
1998
150,275
150,275
729,000
4.85
400.182
0.020
0.060
419
-7.94%
0.00058
1999
154,035
154,035
763,500
4.96
410.195
0.020
0.062
430
-5.64%
0.00056
2000
191,957
191,957
824,400
4.29
511.181
0.026
0.077
536
17.59%
0.00065
2001
277,343
277,343
726,600
2.62
738.564
0.037
0.111
774
69.90%
0.00106
2002
157,430
157,430
730,500
4.64
419.236
0.021
0.063
439
-3.56%
0.00060
2003
92,156
92,156
2004
126,004
2005
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
684,900
7.43
245.411
0.012
0.037
257
-43.55%
0.00038
119,444
6,560
0
0
625,800
4.97
335.549
0.016
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.050
352
-22.81%
0.00056
102,830
64,830
19,500
18,500
0
541,500
5.27
273.836
0.009
0.002
0.002
0.000
0.041
287
-37.01%
0.00053
2006
38,932
38,932
523,900
13.46
103.676
0.005
0.016
109
-76.15%
0.00021
2007
43,038
43,038
529,500
12.30
114.610
0.006
0.017
120
-73.64%
0.00023
2008
63,864
170.070
0.008
0.026
178
-60.88%
0.00033
22,412
22,296
0
0
543,000
509,700
8.50
2009
63,864
116
22.74
59.683
0.000
0.003
0.000
0.000
0.009
63
-86.27%
0.00012
2010
50,462
0
24,218
26,244
0
459,600
9.11
134.380
0.000
0.003
0.003
0.000
0.020
141
-69.09%
0.00031
2011
82,175
0
82,175
0
0
450,900
5.49
218.832
0.000
0.010
0.000
0.000
0.033
229
-49.66%
0.00051
Page 46
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-23: Wapekeka
WAPEKEKA
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
0
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
0
0
0.00
0.000
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.000
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.000
0
0.00%
0.00000
67,966
67,966
43,937
0.65
180.993
0.009
0.027
190
0.00%
0.00432
1992
200,902
200,902
704,398
3.51
1993
264,681
264,681
592,109
2.24
535.002
0.027
0.080
560
195.59%
0.00080
704.846
0.035
0.106
738
289.43%
0.00125
1994
239,244
239,244
690,663
2.89
637.107
0.032
0.096
667
252.01%
0.00097
1995
289,182
289,182
1996
316,969
946,706
3.27
770.092
0.038
0.116
807
325.48%
0.00085
316,969
857,000
2.70
844.088
0.042
0.127
884
366.36%
0.00103
1997
316,989
316,989
909,439
2.87
844.142
0.042
0.127
884
366.39%
0.00097
1998
304,100
304,100
913,000
3.00
809.818
0.040
0.122
848
347.43%
0.00093
1999
343,354
343,354
1,021,000
2.97
914.352
0.046
0.137
958
405.18%
0.00094
2000
538,305
538,305
1,600,000
2.97
1433.506
0.072
0.215
1502
692.02%
0.00094
2001
572,730
572,730
1,686,800
2.95
1525.180
0.076
0.229
1598
742.67%
0.00095
2002
577,479
577,479
1,868,000
3.23
1537.827
0.077
0.231
1611
749.66%
0.00086
2003
645,610
645,610
2,114,000
3.27
1719.260
0.086
0.258
1801
849.90%
0.00085
2004
679,849
679,849
2,127,000
3.13
1810.438
0.090
0.272
1897
900.28%
0.00089
2005
661,013
661,013
2,109,000
3.19
1760.278
0.088
0.264
1844
872.56%
0.00087
2006
699,489
699,489
2,205,000
3.15
1862.739
0.093
0.280
1951
929.17%
0.00089
2007
738,399
738,399
2,346,000
3.18
1966.357
0.098
0.295
2060
986.42%
0.00088
2008
734,631
1956.322
0.098
0.294
2049
980.88%
0.00089
739,977
290,123
0
0
2,297,000
2,424,000
3.13
2009
734,631
449,854
3.28
1970.559
0.060
0.036
0.000
0.000
0.296
2064
988.72%
0.00085
2010
745,268
0
624,810
120,458
0
2,384,000
3.20
1984.649
0.000
0.078
0.013
0.000
0.298
2079
996.44%
0.00087
2011
765,876
0
621,351
144,525
0
2,535,000
3.31
2039.528
0.000
0.078
0.015
0.000
0.306
2136
1026.75%
0.00084
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 47
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-24: Weagamow
WEAGAMOW
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total Fuel
(L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
422,506
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
422,506
967,520
2.29
1125.133
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.056
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.169
1179
0.00%
0.00122
351,748
351,748
1,068,413
3.04
936.705
0.047
0.141
981
-16.75%
0.00092
1992
340,083
340,083
1,098,724
3.23
1993
373,853
373,853
1,262,248
3.38
905.641
0.045
0.136
949
-19.51%
0.00086
995.571
0.050
0.150
1043
-11.52%
0.00083
1994
494,822
494,822
1,459,854
2.95
1317.711
0.066
0.198
1380
17.12%
0.00095
1995
581,586
581,586
1996
587,657
1,637,477
2.82
1548.764
0.077
0.233
1623
37.65%
0.00099
587,657
1,820,000
3.10
1564.931
0.078
0.235
1639
39.09%
0.00090
1997
632,439
632,439
1,855,566
2.93
1684.185
0.084
0.253
1764
49.69%
0.00095
1998
693,435
693,435
2,416,000
3.48
1846.617
0.092
0.277
1935
64.12%
0.00080
1999
762,616
762,616
2,620,000
3.44
2030.846
0.101
0.305
2128
80.50%
0.00081
2000
901,867
901,867
3,259,200
3.61
2401.672
0.120
0.361
2516
113.46%
0.00077
2001
1,003,625
1,003,625
3,637,600
3.62
2672.653
0.133
0.401
2800
137.54%
0.00077
2002
1,119,784
1,119,784
3,849,600
3.44
2981.985
0.149
0.448
3124
165.03%
0.00081
2003
1,115,477
1,115,477
3,918,000
3.51
2970.516
0.148
0.446
3112
164.01%
0.00079
2004
1,165,609
1,165,609
4,224,000
3.62
3104.017
0.155
0.466
3252
175.88%
0.00077
2005
1,142,540
1,142,540
4,126,500
3.61
3042.584
0.152
0.457
3187
170.42%
0.00077
2006
1,140,094
1,140,094
4,068,000
3.57
3036.070
0.152
0.456
3181
169.84%
0.00078
2007
1,207,567
1,207,567
4,305,000
3.57
3215.751
0.161
0.483
3369
185.81%
0.00078
2008
1,261,692
3359.886
0.168
0.505
3520
198.62%
0.00077
1,236,085
0
0
0
4,560,000
4,549,500
3.61
2009
1,261,692
1,236,085
3.68
3291.694
0.164
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.494
3448
192.56%
0.00076
2010
1,155,499
1,122,982
32,517
0
0
4,273,500
3.70
3077.094
0.149
0.004
0.000
0.000
0.462
3224
173.49%
0.00075
2011
1,232,453
1,232,453
0
0
0
4,480,500
3.64
3282.022
0.164
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.493
3438
191.70%
0.00077
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 48
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Remote
Communities
August 1, 2012
Table A-25: Webequie
WEBEQUIE
Fuel Consumption
Year
Total
Fuel (L)
Diesel Regular
(L)
1990
253,449
1991
Generation
GHG Emissions
CH4 (tonnes)
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Generation
(kWh)
Efficiency
(kWh/L)
C02
(tonnes)
253,449
831,452
3.28
674.935
Diesel Regular
(L)
0.034
N2O
(tonnes)
C02e
(tonnes)
% Change
CO2e/kWh
Generated
0.101
707
0.00%
0.00085
268,781
268,781
893,253
3.32
715.764
0.036
0.108
750
6.05%
0.00084
1992
297,088
297,088
1,087,651
3.66
1993
569,713
569,713
1,679,048
2.95
791.145
0.040
0.119
829
17.22%
0.00076
1517.146
0.076
0.228
1589
124.78%
0.00095
1994
454,889
454,889
1,742,224
3.83
1211.369
0.061
0.182
1269
79.48%
0.00073
1995
542,644
542,644
1996
560,406
1,856,731
3.42
1445.061
0.072
0.217
1514
114.10%
0.00082
560,406
1,635,900
2.92
1492.361
0.075
0.224
1563
121.11%
0.00096
1997
592,187
592,187
1,907,273
3.22
1576.994
0.079
0.237
1652
133.65%
0.00087
1998
624,073
624,073
1,981,600
3.18
1661.906
0.083
0.250
1741
146.23%
0.00088
1999
630,087
630,087
2,052,000
3.26
1677.922
0.084
0.252
1758
148.61%
0.00086
2000
697,322
697,322
2,360,000
3.38
1856.968
0.093
0.279
1945
175.13%
0.00082
2001
703,116
703,116
2,284,800
3.25
1872.398
0.094
0.281
1962
177.42%
0.00086
2002
718,989
718,989
2,425,600
3.37
1914.668
0.096
0.288
2006
183.68%
0.00083
2003
756,493
756,493
2,636,800
3.49
2014.540
0.101
0.303
2110
198.48%
0.00080
2004
773,918
773,918
2,739,200
3.54
2060.944
0.103
0.310
2159
205.35%
0.00079
2005
814,077
814,077
2,818,400
3.46
2167.887
0.108
0.326
2271
221.20%
0.00081
2006
851,398
851,398
2,860,800
3.36
2267.273
0.113
0.341
2375
235.92%
0.00083
2007
867,151
867,151
3,067,200
3.54
2309.223
0.115
0.347
2419
242.14%
0.00079
2008
881,359
3.49
2347.059
0.117
0.353
2459
247.75%
0.00080
2009
855,163
881,359
855,163
0
3.40
2277.299
0.114
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.342
2386
237.41%
0.00082
2010
827,942
615,575
2204.810
0.082
0.027
0.000
0.000
0.331
2310
226.67%
0.00081
2011
850,043
0
2263.665
0.000
0.082
0.021
0.000
0.340
2371
235.36%
0.00087
0
0
3,072,800
2,906,400
212,367
0
0
2,860,800
3.46
652,269
197,774
0
2,737,762
3.22
Biodiesel
- B5 (L)
Biodiesel
- B20 (L)
Biodiesel
- B40 (L)
Page 49
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
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Table A-26: Fuel Transport Emissions - by ROAD
Distance (km)
Total Fuel Delivered
by Winter Roads (L)
Estimated # of
delivery trips
(rounded up)
Total
Roundtrip
Distance
Traveled (km)
Volume of Fuel
Combusted (L)
C02
(tonnes)
CH4
(tonnes)
N2O
(tonnes)
CO2e
(tonnes)
Bearskin
433
708,023
15
12,990
6,099
16.242
9.15E-04
4.57E-04
17
Big Trout
324
240,003
5
3,240
1,522
4.053
2.28E-04
1.14E-04
5
Deer Lake
540
114,131
3
3,240
1,522
4.053
2.28E-04
1.14E-04
5
Fort Severn
275
607,117
13
7,150
3,357
8.940
5.04E-04
2.52E-04
10
Kasabonika
364
707,847
15
10,920
5,127
13.653
7.69E-04
3.85E-04
14
Kingfisher
243
69,000
2
972
457
1.217
6.86E-05
3.43E-05
2
Lansdowne
209
94,415
2
836
393
1.047
5.90E-05
2.95E-05
2
Sachigo
429
184,914
4
3,432
1,612
4.293
2.42E-04
1.21E-04
5
Sandy Lake
430
962,201
20
17,200
8,076
21.506
1.21E-03
6.06E-04
22
Wapekeka
356
55,000
2
1,424
669
1.782
1.00E-04
5.02E-05
2
Weagamow
286
175,000
4
2,288
1,075
2.863
1.61E-04
8.06E-05
3
Webequie
329
81,000
2
1,316
618
1.646
9.27E-05
4.64E-05
2
Deer Lake
310
114,131
3
1,860
874
2.327
1.31E-04
6.56E-05
3
Sandy Lake
380
962,201
20
15,200
7,137
19.006
1.07E-03
5.35E-04
20
4,908
5,074,983
110**
82,068
38,538
102.627
5.78E-03
2.89E-03
112
Community
from Pickle Lake
from Red Lake
TOTALS*
* Total winter road fuel quantities include fuel delivered by Hydro One and purchased from First Nations.
** Number of trips is an estimate as tanks are not always full. The quantity discrepancies, however, is immaterial.
Page 50
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
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Table A-27: Fuel Transport Emissions - by AIR
Distance from
Pickle Lake (km)
Total Fuel Delivered
by Air Transport (L)
Estimated # of
delivery trips
(rounded up)
Total Roundtrip
Distance Traveled
(km)
Volume of Fuel
Combusted (L)
C02
(tonnes)
CH4
(tonnes)
N2O
(tonnes)
CO2e
(tonnes)
Bearskin
286
77,068
10
5,720
35,630
243.773
2.69E-03
6.83E-03
246
Big Trout
267
1,437,782
180
96,120
598,732
4096.405
4.53E-02
1.15E-01
4,133
Deer Lake
296
738,374
114
67,488
420,383
2876.176
3.18E-02
8.06E-02
2,902
Fort Severn
536
136,456
21
22,512
140,228
959.412
1.06E-02
2.69E-02
968
Kasabonika
242
429,096
54
26,136
162,802
1113.859
1.23E-02
3.12E-02
1,124
Kingfisher
177
586,985
74
26,196
163,175
1116.411
1.23E-02
3.13E-02
1,127
Lansdowne
179
461,787
58
20,764
129,339
884.912
9.78E-03
2.48E-02
893
Marten Falls
299
539,341
135
80,730
502,868
3440.522
3.80E-02
9.64E-02
3,472
Sachigo
188
603,154
76
28,576
178,000
1217.840
1.35E-02
3.41E-02
1,229
Sandy Lake
280
2,337,303
360
201,600
1,255,767
8591.707
9.49E-02
2.41E-01
8,669
Wapekeka
270
89,525
14
7,560
47,092
322.194
3.56E-03
9.03E-03
326
Weagamow
183
1,057,453
163
59,658
371,610
2542.481
2.81E-02
7.12E-02
2,566
Webequie
257
769,043
119
61,166
381,004
2606.753
2.88E-02
7.30E-02
2,630
3,460
9,263,367
1,378
704,226
4,386,630
30,012
3.32E-01
8.41E-01
30,285
Community
TOTALS
Page 51
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Table A-28: Generation by Renewable Energy Technology (RET)
Generation by Renewable Energy Technology (RET)
Shoulderblade
Falls (at Deer
Lake) Hydel
Generated kWhs
Sultan Hydel
Generated kWhs
Big Trout Wind
Generated kWhs
Kasabonika
Wind Generated
kWhs
Total RET
Generated kWhs
in 2011
JANUARY
189,091
41,000
0
260
230,351
FEBRUARY
138,313
31,400
0
690
170,403
MARCH
137,764
34,400
0
710
172,874
APRIL
111,786
35,800
0
460
148,046
MAY
196,422
36,800
0
390
233,612
JUNE
140,578
41,200
0
780
182,558
JULY
103,784
41,200
0
730
145,714
AUGUST
145,420
32,800
0
1,470
179,690
SEPTEMBER
94,062
2,200
0
1,390
97,652
OCTOBER
167,426
8,400
0
2,170
177,996
NOVEMBER
169,390
36,000
0
780
206,170
DECEMBER
137,966
51,200
0
1,900
191,066
1,732,002
392,400
0
11,730
2,136,132
YTD
Total
Fuel Savings (L)
Estimated tCO2e Prevented from
Entering Atmosphere
586,084
1,561
Refer to Tables 3.1-3.3 in section "3.3 Historical Emissions" and to section "5.3.4 Other Actions to Reduce GHG Emissions - RET" for further
details on the effect of these renewable energies on overall emissions intensity.
Page 52
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
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August 1, 2012
APPENDIX B: EMISSION FACTORS & GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIALS
Emission Factors
Table B-1 summarizes the emission factors used for calculating Remotes' GHG emissions.
Table B-1: Emission Factors
Emission Source
Emission Factor
Reference
Diesel
Combustion
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
2.663 kg CO2/L
Methane (CH4)
0.000133 kg CH4 /L
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
0.0004 kg N2O /L
Environment Canada's National Inventory
Report, 1990-2010, Part 2, Annex 8, Table
A8-4 Emission Factors for Refined
Petroleum Products
Electricity
Use
Carbon dioxide
equivalent (CO2e)
170 g CO2e/kWh
Environment Canada's National Inventory
Report, 1990-2010, Part 3, Annex 13, Table
A13-7: Electricity Generation and GHG
Emission Details for Ontario
Natural Gas
Consumption
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
1879 g CO2/m3
Methane (CH4)
0.037 g CH4/m3
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
0.035 g N2O/m3
Environment Canada's National Inventory
Report, 1990-2010, Part 2, Table A8-1: CO2
Emission Factors for Natural Gas and Table
A8-2: CH4 and N2O Emission Factors for
Natural Gas
Carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
Road:
2663 g CO2/L
Air:
2534 g CO2/L
Methane
(CH4)
Road:
Air:
0.028 g CH4/L
Nitrous
oxide
(N2O)
Road:
0.075 g N2O/L
Air:
0.071 g N2O/L
Fuel
Transport
0.15 g CH4/L
Environment Canada's National Inventory
Report, 1990-2010 Part 2, Table A8-11:
Emission Factors for Energy Mobile Sources.
Additional Relevant Factors Used:
Road transport fuel economy value (for a
heavy-duty truck) of 1L/2.13km or 5
miles/gallon was used, and was based on
an educated guess.
Air transport fuel economy value (for
aircraft) of 6.229 L/km or 2.650
gallons/miles was used, as listed the US
EPA Greenhouse Gas Inventory Protocol
Core Module Guidance, Direct Emissions
from Mobile Combustion, Table 4: Fuel
Economy Values by Vehicle Type.
Radiative Forcing Index (RFI) value for
aircraft of 2.7 was used, as obtained from
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) Special Reports: Aviation
and the Global Atmosphere, Chapter 6.6.5
Emission Source
Estimated %
Reduction
Reference
Bio-diesel
Combustion
Methane (CH4)
5.75 %
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
21.09 %
US EPA's A Comprehensive Analysis of
Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust Emissions,
Draft Technical Report, 2002, Figure ES-A
Emission Source Emission Factor Source of Emissions Factor
Page 53
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Global Warming Potentials
Table B-2 summarizes the global warming potential values used for calculating Remotes' carbon
dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions.
Table B-2: Emission Factors
Greenhouse Gas
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) GWP
(100-yr)
Methane (CH4) GWP (100-yr)
Nitrous Oxide (N2O) GWP
(100-yr)
Global Warming Potential
(GWP)
1
21
Reference
Environment Canada's National
Inventory Report, 1990-2008, Part 2,
Annex 8, Table A8-4 Emission Factors
for Refined Petroleum Products
310
Page 54
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APPENDIX C: STANDARD REPORTING DECLARATION
Table C-1 provides a summary of the reporting information required by CAN/CSA-ISO Standard
14064-1-06.
Table C-1: Reporting Information
No.
CSA Reporting Requirement
Declaration
A
Description of the reporting organization
See section "2 Organizational Profile"
B
Person responsible
Bob Shine, EHS Coordinator, Hydro One Remote
Communities Inc.
Tel: 807-474-2823
Email: bob.shine@hydroone.com
C
Reporting period covered
January 1st, 2011 to December 31st, 2011
D
Documentation of organizational
boundary.
Financial and operational control approaches
E
Direct GHG emissions, quantified
separately for each GHG, in tonnes of
CO2e.
See "Appendix A: GHG Inventory"
F
A description of how CO2 emissions from
the combustion of biomass are treated in
the GHG inventory.
See section "5.3.2 Fuel Switching"
G
If quantified, GHG removals, quantified in
tonnes of CO2e.
Not applicable to this inventory
H
Explanation for the exclusion of any GHG
sources or sinks from quantifications.
Due to measurement difficulties, this inventory excludes
fuel transport emissions for fuel delivered by barge and
the leakage of refrigerant from air conditioners and other
equipment.
GHG sinks are not applicable to this inventory.
I
Energy indirect GHG emissions associated
with the generation of imported
electricity, heat or steam, quantified
separately in tonnes of CO2e.
See "Appendix A: GHG Inventory"
J
The historical base year selected and the
base-year GHG inventory.
See section "3.3 Historical Emissions"
K
Explanation of any change to the base
year or other historical GHG data, and any
recalculation of the base year or other
historical GHG inventory.
Not applicable to this inventory
Page 55
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No.
CSA Reporting Requirement
Declaration
L
Reference to, or description of,
quantification methodologies including
reasons for their selection.
See section "4 Quantification"
M
Explanation of any change to
quantification methodologies previously
used.
Not applicable to this inventory
N
Reference to, or documentation of, GHG
emission or removal factors used.
See "Appendix B: Emission Factors and Global Warming
Potentials"
O
Description of the impact of uncertainties
on the accuracy of the GHG emissions and
removals data.
Uncertainties in calculations include error margins in
emissions factors and measured activity data. Refer to
Section "5.4 Estimation of Uncertainty".
P
A statement that the GHG report has been
prepared in accordance with ISO Standard
14064-1.
This report has been prepared in accordance with the
following standard: CAN/CSA-ISO Standard 14064-1-06 Part 1: Specification with Guidance at the Organization
Level for Quantification and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas
Emissions and Removals.
Q
A statement describing whether the GHG
inventory, report or assertion has been
verified, including the type of verification
and level of assurance achieved
Evan Jones of BLJC will provide third party verification for
this GHG inventory report and will provide a reasonable
level of assurance. See Table 6.1 in Section "6.1 GHG
Information Management" for more details.
Page 56
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HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
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APPENDIX D: PAST EMISSION REDUCTION ACTIVITIES
The results from completed emission reduction activities from the time Remotes began
participation in CSA's GHG Challenge Registry are summarized in Table D-1.
Table D-1: Completed Emission Reduction Activities from 2002 to 2010
Actual CO2e
Reductions
(tonnes)
Emission
Reduction
Category
91
Direct
n/a
347
Direct
n/a
438
6,428
6,428
Offset
46
135
Direct
6,474
6,563
Bio-diesel use at Sultan & Bisco (began Nov
1 at 5%)2
23
1
Direct
Station upgrades at Deer Lake (installation
of two new high efficiency generators)
138
340
Direct
161
341
Carbon Sequestration project (6,476 trees
planted)
45
n/a
Offset
Bio-diesel use at Sultan2
24
1
Direct
Bio-diesel use at Bisco2
47
1
Direct
Customer Demand and Use Management
program pilot project
n/a
13
Direct
116
15
389
33
389
33
Year
Completed Emission Reduction Activities
2002
Generator upgrade at Sachigo
Hydel refurbishment & installation of PLC at
Sultan
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
2003
Attawapiskat connected to provincial
electricity grid
Secondary heat recovery at Fort Severn
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
2004
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
2005
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
2006
Predicted
CO2e
Reductions
(tonnes)
n/a
Customer Demand and Use Management
program rollout at four sites
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
Direct
Page 57
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Table D-1: Completed Emission Reduction Activities from 2002 to 2010
Year
Completed Emission Reduction Activities
2007
Bio-diesel use at six sites2
Emission
Reduction
Category
n/a
Direct
404
301
Direct
Carbon Sequestration project (1150 trees
planted)
8
n/a
Offset
Improved Maintenance on Deer Lake Hydel
to improve efficiencies
n/a
n/a
Direct
New VFD drives installed at Weagamow (2),
Kingfisher (1), Fort Severn (1) reducing
Station service load
n/a
n/a
Direct
875
301
Station upgrades 1 site: Sandy Lake
n/a
322
Direct
Refurbish 3 wind turbines (Kasbonika (3 –
starting in Feb. for 11 months))
220
68
Offset
Customer Demand and Use Management
initiatives at three additional sites (no new
sites in 2008)
313
301
Direct
Bio-diesel use at 7 sites2
695
n/a
Direct
1228
691
Bio-diesel use at sixteen sites (B5, B20,
B40) 2
660
1
Direct
Customer Demand and Use Management
initiatives
313
264
Direct
38
766
Direct
1011
1030
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
2009
Actual CO2e
Reductions
(tonnes)
Customer Demand and Use Management
program rollout at three sites
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
2008
Predicted
CO2e
Reductions
(tonnes)
463
Station upgrades:
- generator upgrades at Gull Bay and
Sandy Lake (not in service until Dec’09)
- Tier 2 engine replacement at 4 sites:
Bearskin, Kasabonika, Kingfisher, Sachigo
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
Page 58
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Table D-1: Completed Emission Reduction Activities from 2002 to 2010
Predicted
CO2e
Reductions
(tonnes)
Actual CO2e
Reductions
(tonnes)
Emission
Reduction
Category
205
0
Direct
2,234
3
Direct
300
0
Direct
Working with
suppliers to
quantify
0
Direct
Shoulderblade Falls Optimization5
n/a
217
Offset
Catalytic Reactor Project – Armstrong6
n/a
0
Offset
2739
220
Year
Completed Emission Reduction Activities
2010
E-torus install on 2 engines at Sandy Lake
Bio-diesel use at 17 sites
1
2
Customer Demand and Use Management
initiatives – continue existing programs +
one new site (Fort Severn) 3
Tier 2+ engine replacements: Big Trout4
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
Notes:
1. E-torus at Sandy Lake was installed and then removed and abandoned because it
was not working as expected.
2. CO2e savings calculated by determining CO2e emissions from all regular diesel
compared to actual 2010 values. Biodiesel emissions calculated at 5.75, 21.09 and
37.74 percent CH4 reductions for concentrations of B5, B20 and B40, respectively.
Refer to sections "4.5.1 Estimation of Bio-diesel Emission Impacts" for further details
on the estimation of its impacts. Also refer to "5.3.2 Fuel Switching" regarding the
exclusion of CO2 emissions.
3. In 2010, all Customer Demand Management initiatives were education-based only,
therefore emission reductions cannot be assessed.
4. Tier 2+ Engine upgrades were completed for Big Trout only. This was due to unsafe
winter roads and the heavy engines were not able to get to sites. Older engines are
replaced with Tier 2 or Tier 3 engines. These may not reduce the amount of fuel
consumed, however the engines have reduced emissions. Currently, Remotes is
working with suppliers to assess the reduction in emissions from these new engines.
5. Shoulderblade Falls HGS generated an additional 404,642 kWh from August 1 to
December 31, 2010, over and above the estimated normal 590,000 kWh assumed
without the optimization project improvement. That is a five month calculation only,
not an annual figure. The improvement was 68%, well above the estimate at about
Page 59
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HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
August 1, 2012
40%. Hydroelectric energy generated at Shoulderblade Falls diverts diesel energy
from being generated at Deer Lake.
6. A study into the project was completed with the recommendation that Remotes not
proceed with the project, therefore it was not completed.
Page 60
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HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
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APPENDIX E: FUTURE EMISSION REDUCTION ACTIVITIES
Activities and projects that are planned for future implementation are outlined in Table E-1.
Table E-1: Future Emission Reduction Activities from 2012 to 2016
Year
Future Emission Reduction Activities
2012
Tier 2+ engine replacements1: Biscotasing and Fort Severn
Wind project 30 kW (Kasabonika Lake)2
Conservation Demand Management Initiatives5: energy
saving lighting, energy saving equipment, water
conservation items – at 2 sites (Bearskin and Kingfisher) for
their first year
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
2013
Predicted CO2e
Reductions
(tonnes)
n/a
Emission
Reduction
Category
Direct
30
Offset
108.5
Direct
138.5
Tier 2+ engine replacements1: Sandy Lake, Sachigo,
Lansdowne (2), Wapekeka
n/a
Direct
Wind turbines:
61
Offset
108.5
Direct
1. Refurbish Big Trout (1)3a
2. finish refurbishment at Kasabonika (3)3b
Conservation Demand Management Initiatives6: continue
existing programs at Bearskin and Kingfisher for the second
year plus invite two more new sites.
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
2014
Tier 2+ engine replacements1: Wapekeka (2), Deer Lake
and Marten Falls
n/a
Direct
Conservation Demand Management Initiatives6: two new
sites from 2013 begin first year with energy saving lighting,
energy saving equipment, water conservation items.
n/a
Direct
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
2015
169.5
n/a
Tier 2+ engine replacements1: 4 engines, sites to be
determined based on need
n/a
Direct
Conservation Demand Management Initiatives6: continue
with existing programs at the two new sites from 2014 plus
invite two more new sites
n/a
Direct
Page 61
Remote
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Year
HYDRO ONE REMOTE COMMUNITIES:
GREENHOUSE GAS INVENTORY REPORT AND ACTION PLAN
Predicted CO2e
Reductions
(tonnes)
Future Emission Reduction Activities
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
2016
August 1, 2012
Emission
Reduction
Category
n/a
Tier 2+ engine replacements1: 4 engines, sites to be
determined based on need
n/a
Direct
Station upgrade at 1 site4: Kasabonika
127
Direct
Conservation Demand Management Initiatives6: two new
sites from 2015 begin first year with energy saving lighting,
energy saving equipment, water conservation items
n/a
Direct
TOTAL:
tonnes CO2e
127
Notes:
1. Older engines are replaced with Tier 2 or Tier 3 engines. Although the amount of fuel
consumed may not be reduced, fuel efficiencies should improve, thereby reducing
emissions. Currently, Remotes is working with suppliers to assess the reduction in
emissions from these new engines.
2. Wind Calculation: 30 kW unit x 8760 hrs x 15% available wind = 39,420 kWh/year x
CO2e/kWh at Kasabonika.
3. a) Big Trout 50 kW wind power installation: 50kW x 8760 hrs x 15% available wind power
= 65,700 kWh/yr x CO2e/kW at Big Trout.
b) Kasabonika 3 of 10 kW refurbishments: 30kW x 8760 hrs x 5% = 13,140 kWh / year x
CO2e/kW at Kasabonika.
4. Station upgrades include the installation of new, more efficient engines and PLC units. A
PLC assesses current load requirements and matches this with the optimum engine to run,
ensuring the most efficient use of generators possible. Typically, a station upgrade will
result in approx. a 4% reduction in CO2e per kWh generated (determined from historical
information – typical station upgrade at Sachigo resulted in 4.3% reduction of CO2e per
kWh generated).
5. As of 2012, all planned Conservation Demand Management Initiatives are implemented
over two years at two communities that have signed up (i.e. 2012 first year at Kingfisher &
Bearskin). The predicted CO2e savings are spread out over the two-year period (108.5
CO2e in 2012 and 2013).
Lighting = 78,144 kW/h savings over 2 years (2012, 2013)
Equipment = 156,015 kW/h savings over 2 years (2012, 2013)
Water conservation items = 61,205 kW/h savings over 2 years (2012, 2013)
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6. CDM emission reduction prediction cannot be assessed until a First Nation has agreed to
sign up and participate in CDM initiatives (size of First Nation being contributing factor).
Page 63