By
Genesis Environment Services
Company Limited
The Common Cooling water problem
Scaling
Corrosion
Bacteria (include Leginella)
Algae and Slime
Traditional approach : Chemical Water Treatment
The solution BacComber
Non chemical water treatment system
Cyclic Problem of Chemical Treatment
Additional
problems
Phosphate or
nitrite added is
also nutrient to
algae
Fouling
changed from
hard scale to
sticky calcium
phosphate film.
Add chlorine to
kill bacteria…
created corrosion
problem
Add phosphate or
nitrate inhibitor…
created bacteria
problem
Cyclic Problem of Chemical Treatment
Start of dosing cycle
Over Dose
Optimum chemical dosing concentration
Under Dose
End of dosing
cycle
The Common Cooling water problem
ใหผลลัพธไมคงที่ เนื่องจาก
- อุณหภูมิ
- pH
เปนการเพิ่มคา TDS, Conductivity
ระเหยงาย
ตองควบคุมการเติมสารเคมี
Cooling Tower problem
Foaming
Cooling Tower problem
Foaming
Cooling Tower problem
Corrosion : Chlorine added is corrosive
Cooling Tower problem
Corrosion : Chlorine added is corrosive
Cooling Tower problem
Corrosion : Chlorine added is corrosive
Cooling Tower problem
Corrosion : Chlorine added is corrosive
Cooling Tower problem
Corrosion : Chlorine added is corrosive
Cooling Tower problem
Corrosion : Chlorine added is corrosive
Cooling Tower problem
Scale & chemical deposits in the cooling system
The Energy
and Water
Save Scale
and Hardness
Remover
No Chemical
Enclosure for ELCB/MCB
Transformer Rectifier
Descaler/Magnetite
Generator
Submersible pump
Inductor Coil unit
BacComber
Descaler
Magnetite
Generator
PVC pipe
BacComber
Copper Silver
Ionizer
BacComber Control
Enclosure
AC Power Supply
Cables
Electrode chamber
250 mm
Descaler
ASAL2A530
142 mm
205 mm
Transformer
Rectifier
ALD30V3A03
142 mm
190 mm
147 mm
240 mm.
Silver Electrode
Copper Electrode
Weight 2.5 Kg. approx without cable
80 mm.
1250 mm.
300 mm.
118 mm.
Inductor Coil unit CU21CHN dimensions
เปนระบบที่ใหประสิทธิภาพสูง
ในการบําบัดน้ําโดยไมใช
สารเคมี
ประกอบดวยระบบอิเลคโตร
แมคเนติก
(Electromagnetism)
และอิออนไนเซชัน่ (Ionization)
Electromagnetic
water treatment
principle
Using electromagnetic
energy to change the water
molecular structures
including
• hydrogen bonds,
• polar bonds,
• ions and ionic substances.
Water Molecule
Electromagnetic Water Treatment
Electromagnetic
wave to inductor coil
1KHZ-50KHZ
Untreated Water
Water Hydrogen
Bond Activated
Electromagnetic Descaler… How it works
Direction of water flow
Water molecules orientated into larger water
clusters after electro-magnetic treatment
Water molecule in single
random molecule
before electro-magnetic
treatment
A.C. input
Electronic
controller
Electro-magnetic descaler
Electro-magnetic field
generated
Water Cluster Molecules Arrangement Illustration
5.50 kcal/mol
17.10
37.70
122.39
76.01
49.60
48.60
How Water Cluster Trap Ions and Dissolved Gas
O
O
CO2
Fe
Cl
Ca
ระบบสารเคมี
• เกิดพลังงานต่ํา
• Calcium Carbonate ที่เกิดขึ้น
เรียกวา Calcite มีลักษณะแข็ง
เกิดขึ้นตามทอ
BacComber System
• เกิดพลังงานสูง
• Calcium Carbonate ที่เกิดขึ้นเรียกวา
Aragonite มีลักษณะเปนผง เหมือนฝุน
สามารถหลุดออกจากทอไดงาย
High frequency electro-magnetic treated cooling
water
Hard scale – calcite
Rhombohedron form
crystal
Hard scale forming ions remain
as ion form in water
High bi-polar energy of the electro-magnetic
treated water penetrates the hard scale
Pipe wall
Powdery snow like soft
scale – Aragonite
orthorhombic form crystal
Existing
hard Scale
Hard scale
spalled
off by electromagnetic treated
water
Descaling effectiveness…4 months after BacComber treatment
The cooling water pipe as shown by the arrow heat was cut off to
facilitate the addition of a new cooling tower. The cooling tower
was treated by chemical for the past 6 years and was changed to
BacComber treatment 4 months prior to the addition of the new
cooling tower.
The photos shows the various section of the pipe cut off from the
cooling tower. It can be seen in the photos that the scale and
chemical deposists in the pipeline are descale off from the pipe
wall. The formation of magnetite is also clearly seen forming on
the pipe wall.
There is also a swction of the pipe showing the thick chemical
deposits are cracking and spalling off from the pipe wall.
Scales
collected
at cooling
tower
strainer
Condenser End Box
condition
8 months after
BacComber
treatment
This condenser was open up in
Feb 2003 for inspection, 8
months after the BacComber
treatment.
The photos were taken
immediately after the end cover
was open. The condition of the
end box shown in the photos was
before washing.
The photos clearly show that the
condenser was in excellent
condition and there were no sign
of scaling and corrosion problem
after treatment by BacComber
system.
Magnetite generating
effectiveness
4 months after BacComber
treatment on chilled water
pipe
Cooling Water Fe Ion Content - Corrosion Indicator
Fe ion ppm
Cooling Tower Institute
guideline
max. control limit 3 ppm
3
2
Typical chemical
treatment
Fe ion range 1- 2 ppm
1
Typical BacComber treatment
Fe ion level, below 0.08 ppm
when stabilized
0
Time
How BacComber control bacteria growth
• Using Copper-Silver ionization to kill the
bacteria directly.
• Using electromagnetic treatment to indirectly
kill and control bacteria growth.
Bacteria behavior changes under BacComber
electromagnetic treatment
Morphology changes
Elongation of Bacteria
Bacteria count
Resultant After Install BacComber System
Time (month)
BacComber System Applications
Control Limits For Cooling Tower Water
Parameter
Recommended
limits
PH
6.5 - 9.0
¾
Unless the make up water exceeded the limit, otherwise there
could be addition of unknown chemical or substances
Dilution followed by blow down is
recommended
Conductivity
(µs/cm)
< 5000
¾Infrequent
Dilution followed by blow down is
recommended
TDS
(ppm)
< 2500
Copper ion
(ppm)
0.2 - 5.0
Iron ion
(ppm)
Causative reasons
( If limit is exceeded )
¾Chemical
¾Infrequent
¾Chemical
< 1.0
water changes
addition or other contamination
water changes
addition or other contamination
Remedial action
( If limit is exceeded )
Dilution followed by blow down is
recommended
(>2.0 ppm) Too high level
zToo much copper ion discharge from the ionization
process
zAccumulation of copper ions due to infrequent water
changes
zCorrosion of copper pipes and fittings
(<0.2 ppm) Too low level
zFresh water has just recently been top up
zCopper electrodes are consumed
zToo low current output
¾Dilution
¾Addition
¾Check
of unknown chemicals that causes corrosion
¾Accumulation of iron ion due to infrequent water change
¾Repair works on cooling system steel members
¾Rapid descaling is taking place.
followed by blow down is
recommended
¾Check
on-site copper readings and
replace electrodes if required
¾Increase current output
on-site iron readings
¾Check whether the magnetite
generator is working
¾Check any abnormal PH or TDS
reading.
* The above is just a guideline and common occurrences. Always compare with the previous months test results, It will give a better picture of the
trend and more conclusive reasoning may be arrived. This may be followed by remedial action if required.
BacComber Descaler-Magnetite Generator installation layout
diagram for boiler water treatment
Freshw
ater
supply
Condensate
return
BacComber descalermagnetite generator
Feedwater
tank
Boiler
Feedw
ater to
boiler
BacComber Descaler-Magnetite Generator installation layout
diagram for boiler water treatment
Approximately 30 cm pipe
length
insulation to be removed
for cable coil wrapping.
Reinstall the insulation
after cable wrapped.
Keep a min 5 m distance
from motors, pumps or
electrical driven machine.
Chiller water pipe to building
Chiller water pipe to chiller
BacComber
Electromagnetic
Descaler /
Magnetite genrator
Approximate size:
256 mm height
196 mm width
160 mm depth
Weigh : 3 Kg approx.
Chiller
Wall mounted
6 mm sq. PVC insulated cable
Typical BacComber installation inside the cooling tower
Typical BacComber installation inside the cooling tower
Changes in cooling tower corrosion condition after using
BacComber
Before
After
Typical BacComber Installation Layout for Chilled water
system
Chemical and Sludge
Dislodged chemical sludge
Dislodged chemical sludge
Dislodged chemical sludge
BacComber