ISSN 2320 -5083
Journal of International
Academic Research for Multidisciplinary
A Scholarly, Peer Reviewed, Monthly, Open Access, Online Research Journal
Impact Factor – 1.393
VOLUME 1
ISSUE 9
OCTOBER 2013
A GLOBAL SOCIETY FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
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Editorial Board
Dr. Kari Jabbour, Ph.D
Curriculum Developer,
American College of Technology,
Missouri, USA.
Er.Chandramohan, M.S
System Specialist - OGP
ABB Australia Pvt. Ltd., Australia.
Dr. S.K. Singh
Chief Scientist
Advanced Materials Technology Department
Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology
Bhubaneswar, India
Dr. Jake M. Laguador
Director, Research and Statistics Center,
Lyceum of the Philippines University,
Philippines.
Prof. Dr. Sharath Babu, LLM Ph.D
Dean. Faculty of Law,
Karnatak University Dharwad,
Karnataka, India
Er. R. Bhuvanewari Devi M. Tech, MCIHT
Highway Engineer, Infrastructure,
Ramboll, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Sanda Maican, Ph.D.
Senior Researcher,
Department of Ecology, Taxonomy and Nature Conservation
Institute of Biology of the Romanian Academy,
Bucharest, Romania
Dr. Reynalda B. Garcia
Professor, Graduate School &
College of Education, Arts and Sciences
Lyceum of the Philippines University
Philippines
Dr.Damarla Bala Venkata Ramana
Senior Scientist
Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA)
Hyderabad, A.P, India
PROF. Dr.S.V.Kshirsagar, M.B.B.S,M.S
Head - Department of Anatomy,
Bidar Institute of Medical Sciences,
Karnataka, India.
Dr.S.M Kadri, MBBS, MPH/ICHD,
FFP Fellow, Public Health Foundation of India
Epidemiologist Division of Epidemiology and Public Health,
Kashmir, India
Dr Asifa Nazir, M.B.B.S, MD,
Assistant Professor, Dept of Microbiology
Government Medical College, Srinagar, India.
Dr.Bhumika Talwar, BDS
Research Officer
State Institute of Health & Family Welfare
Jaipur, India
Dr.AmitaPuri, Ph.D
Officiating Principal
Army Inst. Of Education
New Delhi, India
Dr. Tej Pratap Mall Ph.D
Head, Postgraduate Department of Botany,
Kisan P.G. College, Bahraich, India.
Dr. Shobana Nelasco Ph.D
Associate Professor,
Fellow of Indian Council of Social Science
Research (On Deputation},
Department of Economics,
Bharathidasan University, Trichirappalli. India
Dr. Arup Kanti Konar, Ph.D
Associate Professor of Economics Achhruram,
Memorial College,
SKB University, Jhalda,Purulia,
West Bengal. India
Dr. S.Raja Ph.D
Research Associate,
Madras Research Center of CMFR ,
Indian Council of Agricultural Research,
Chennai, India
Dr. Vijay Pithadia, Ph.D,
Director - Sri Aurobindo Institute of Management
Rajkot, India.
M. Suresh Kumar, PHD
Assistant Manager,
Godrej Security Solution,
India.
Dr.T.Chandrasekarayya,Ph.D
Assistant Professor,
Dept Of Population Studies & Social Work,
S.V.University, Tirupati, India.
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC RESEARCH FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Impact Factor 1.393, Volume 1, Issue 9, October 2013
A STUDY OF UTILIZATION ASPECT OF QUARRY DUST IN INDIAN CONTEXT
HARDIKKALPESHBHAI PATEL*
PROF. JAYESH KUMAR PITRODA**
*Final year of M.E, Dept. of C.E&M., B.V.M. Engineering College, VallabhVidhyanagar, Gujarat, India
**Assistant Professor, & Research Scholar, Dept. of Civil Engineering, B.V.M. Engineering College, VallabhVidhyanagar, Gujarat, India
ABSTRACT
As the infrastructural growth is at its peak in developing countries, large quantum of
concrete is being utilized to cater the infrastructural requirement. Concrete plays a vital role
in the construction industry and On the other hand River sand, one of the essential material
used in the concrete, has become expensive and also a scarce material. The reduction in the
sources of natural sand and the requirement for reduction in the cost of concrete production
has resulted in the increased need to identify substitute material to sand as fine aggregates in
the production of concretes. In such a situation the Quarry rock dust can be an economic
alternative to the river sand. Quarry Rock Dust can be defined as residue, tailing or other nonvoluble waste material after the extraction and processing of rocks to form fine particles less
than 4.75mm. In this present work an attempt has been made to study various properties of
quarry dust and its suitability in conventional concrete
KEYWORDS: Quarry Dust, Fine Aggregate, Workability, Compressive Strength
1.INTRODUCTION
The Basic Ingredients of Conventional concrete are cement, sand and aggregate.
Properties of aggregate affect the durability and performance of concrete, so fine aggregate
are an essential component of concrete. The most commonly used fine aggregate is sand
derived from river banks. Common river sand is expensive due to the excessive cost of
transportation from natural sources. Also large-scale depletion of these sources creates
environmental problems. As environmental transportation and other constraints make the
availability and use of river sand less attractive, a substitute or replacement product for
concrete industry needs to be found.
To reach this endeavour, one way is to go green, i.e., To produce green building materials
for construction from the wastes that are generated by manufacturing industries, as waste is
certainly a good potential resource and a lot of energy can be recovered from it; and the
terminology 'green' in the present context refers to use of sustainable materials like stone dust
or recycled stone, recycled blue metal/ gravel and other products that are non-toxic, reusable,
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Impact Factor 1.393, Volume 1, Issue 9, October 2013
renewable, and/or recyclable. In the past few years successful attempts have been made for
the utilization of various industrial by products such as fly ash, silica fume, rice husk ash,
foundry waste to save environmental pollution. Apart from that, an alternative source for the
conceivable replacement of natural aggregates in concrete has drawn considerable attention.
As a result reasonable studies have been conducted to find the suitability of quarry dust in
conventional concrete. Quarry dust is a kind of waste material that is generated from the
stone crushing industry which is abundantly available to the extent of 200 million tonnes per
annum which has landfill disposal problems and health and environmental hazards.
I.
QUARRY DUST
Quarry Rock Dust can be defined as residue, tailing or other non-voluble waste material
after the extraction and processing of rocks to form fine particles less than 4.75mm. Quarry
dust is fine rock particles. When boulders are broken into small pieces quarry dust is formed.
It is gray in color and it is like fine aggregate. Quarry dusts are produced during the
extraction and processing of aggregates. The flow of a production process, and the need for
quarry fines and dusts to be produced in order to meet specific product grading, is
exemplified in Figure 1, Figure 1 also shows schematically that the fines from early
production processes (such as primary crushing and screening) may be useful in final
aggregate products and are not necessarily excess to requirements. The utilization of quarry
fines is seen as a way to minimize the accumulation of unwanted material and at the same
time to maximize resource use and efficiency.
Figure:1 Schematic diagram showing the production and use of quarry dust to meet grading requirement.
Source: Sustainable Aggregate by Sustainable utilization of quarry by-products.
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II. SWOT ANALYSIS OF QUARRY DUST
STRENGTH
WEAKNESS
Workability of concrete decrease made up of
The Physical and chemical properties of quarry QD. The ordinary stone dust obtained from
rock dust have satisfied the requirements of a crushers does not comply with IS: 383-1979.
code provision in properties studies.
The presence of flaky, badly graded and
rough textured particles result in hash
concrete for given design parameters
OPPORTUNITY
THREAT
Quarry dust can be used as partial replacement Compressive, Flexure Strength of concrete
of fine aggregate and cement. Past studies have containing Quarry dust needs to be assessed
shown that Q. D can be partially replaced up to after 28 days. It’s the AAR (Alkali
25% & up to 10 % as cement and F. A Aggregate Reaction ) is also to be studied
respectively
Figure: 2 SWOT analysis of quarry dust
III.
APPLICATION OF QUARRY DUST IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
1. It is being used as surface dressing in highway work.
2. It is also used in the manufacturing of building material, such as lightweight
aggregates, bricks, tiles and autoclave blocks.
3. Fiberrein forced pre-cast units are also made up of this.
4. It is used in synthetic rock and kerbs.
5. Few more uses are in embankment construction, landfill capping, filler applications,
manufactured sand, cement making, green roofs, straw and clay blocks.
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Figure: 2 Application of Quarry Dust in Construction Industry
CASE STUDY
(Source: Er. Lakhan Nagpal, Arvind Dewangan, Er. Sandeep Dhiman, Er. Sumit Kumar
“Evaluation of Strength Characteristics of Concrete Using Crushed Stone Dust as Fine
Aggregate” International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering
(IJITEE), Volume-2, Issue-6, Published on May 2013) This case study is to investigate the
potential of using quarry dust in as a full replacement of fine aggregate.
1.
MATERIALS USED
1. Cement: Ordinary Portland Cement (43 Grade) with 28 percent normal consistency
Conforming to IS: 8112-1989 was used.
2. Quarry rock dust The Quarry Rock Dust was obtained from a local quarry and was used
in concrete to cast test cubes and beams.
3. Fine aggregate (Natural river sand) River sand having a density of 1460 kg/m3 and
fineness Modulus (FM) of 2.51 was used. The specific gravity was found to be 2.6.
4. Coarse aggregate Natural granite aggregate having a density of 2700kg/m3 and fineness
modules (FM) of 6.80 was used. The specific gravity was found to be 2.60 and a water
absorption as 0.45%.
5. Admixture Commercially available Super-plasticizer has been used to enhance the
workability of fresh concrete for selected proportions of ingredients.
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2. MIX DESIGN
The method mix design proposed by IS, ACI, USBR, RN No.4, BS were first employed to
design the Conventional Concrete mixes and finally natural sand was fully replaced by
Quarry Rock Dust to obtain Quarry Rock Dust concrete mixes.
TABLE I : PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF QUARRY DUST AND NATURAL SAND
Property
Specific Gravity
Quarry Rock Dust
Natural Sand
2.54-2.60
2.60
Test Method
IS 2386(Part III)
1963
Bulk Relative
1720-1810
1460
Density(kg/m3)
IS 2386(Part III)
1963
Absorption (%)
1.20-1.50
Nil
IS 2386(Part III)
1963
Moisture content (%)
Nil
1.50
IS 2386(Part III)
1963
Fine particle less than 0.075
12-15
6
mm (%)
IS 2386(Part III)
1963
Sieve analysis
Zone II
Zone II
IS 2386(Part III)
1963
TABLE II: TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF QUARRY DUST AND NATURAL SAND
Constituent
Quarry Rock Dust (%)
Natural Sand (%)
SiO2
62.48
80.78
Al2O3
18.72
10.52
Fe2O3
6.54
1.75
CaO
4.83
3.21
MgO
2.56
0.77
Na2O
Nil
1.37
k2O
3.18
1.23
TiO2
1.21
Nil
Loss of ignition
0.48
0.37
Test Method
IS: 4032- 1968
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3.
CONCLUSION
Following conclusions are drawn from the study:
The Physical and chemical properties of quarry rock dust have satisfied the requirements
of a code provision in properties studies.
Natural river sand, if replaced by hundred percent Quarry Rock Dust from quarries, may
sometimes give equal or better than the reference concrete made with Natural Sand, in
terms of compressive and flexural strength studies
The strength of Quarry Rock Dust concrete is comparatively 10- 12 percent more than
that of a similar mix of Conventional Concrete.
Also the result of this investigation shows that drying shrinkage strains of Quarry Rock
Dust concrete are quite large to the shrinkage strain of Conventional Concrete.
However, at the later age, they have shown equal strain than Conventional Concrete.
The Durability of Quarry Rock Dust concrete under sulphate and acid action is higher
inferior to the Conventional. Permeability Test results clearly demonstrate that the
permeability of Quarry Rock Dust concrete is less compared to that of conventional
concrete.
The water absorption of Quarry Rock Dust concrete is slightly higher than Conventional
Concrete. Therefore, the results of this study provide a strong support for the use of
Quarry Rock Dust as fine aggregate in Concrete Manufacturing.
REFERENCES
[1] Er. Lakhan Nagpal, Arvind Dewangan, Er. Sandeep Dhiman, Er. Sumit Kumar “Evaluation of Strength
Characteristics of Concrete Using Crushed Stone Dust as Fine Aggregate” International Journal of
Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-2, Issue-6,Published on May 2013
[2] Prakash Rao D.S. and Gridhar V. 2004. Investigation on Concrete with Stone crusher dust as Fine
aggregate. The Indian concrete Journal. pp. 45-50..
[3] Sahu A.K., Sunil Kumar and Sachan A.K. 2003. Quarry Stone Waste as Fine aggregate for concrete. The
Indian Concrete Journal. pp. 845- 848.
[4] Ilangovan R. and Nagamani K. 2006. Studies on Strength and Behavior of Concrete by using Quarry Dust
as Fine Aggregate. CE and CR Journal, New Delhi. October. pp. 40-42.
[5] Ilangovan R. and Nagamani K. 2006. Application of quarry Rock dust as fine aggregate in concrete
construction. National Journal on construction Management: NICMR. Pune. December. pp. 5-13.
[6] Ilangovan, R.; Nagamani, K., and Kumarasamy, K.,“Studies on strength and behaviour of concrete by
using crushed rock dust as fine aggregate,” Civil Engineering and Construction Review, October 2006, pp.
924-932.
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