Matter
IT’S WHAT MATTERS
Matter
is….
Anything
that takes
up
space………
……and……
has mass
Matter
Mass
  The amount of
matter that an
object possesses.
Volume
  The amount of
space occupied by
matter.
Building Blocks of Matter
Atoms
  Smallest particle
of an element that
can exist
  can enter into a
chemical reaction
Building Blocks of Matter
Elements
  Element: Building
blocks of all
substances, can not be
broken down by
chemical means to
simpler substances.
Building Blocks of Matter
Compounds
  A distinct
substance that
contains two or
more elements
chemically
combined in
definite proportion
by mass.
Properties
Extensive Properties
  a physical quantity
whose value is
proportional to the
size of the system it
describes.
  (ex. entropy,
enthalpy, energy,
mass, volume)
Intensive Properties
  a physical quantity
whose value does not
depend on the amount
of the substance for
which it is measured.
  (ex. density,
temperature, pressure,
viscosity, specific heat
capacity)
Classification of Matter
Mixture
A MATERIAL CONTAINING
TWO OR MORE SUBSTANCES
AND CAN BE EITHER
HETEROGENEOUS OR
HOMOGENEOUS. BOTH
SUBSTANCES ARE STILL
PRESENT.
Mixtures are either…
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
  Matter that is
  Matter consisting of
uniform in
appearance
  has the same
properties
throughout.
two or more
physically distinct
phases.
Mixture
  Heterogeneous
  Homogeneous
Ways to Separate Mixtures
  Filtration
  Distillation
Chromatography
Substances
A PARTICULAR KIND OF
MATTER WITH A
DEFINITE, FIXED
COMPOSITION.
Substances
Elements
Compounds
Elements and the Periodic Table
Period
  The horizontal
groupings
(rows) of
elements in the
periodic table.
Group / Family
  Vertical groups
of element in the
periodic table
with similar
outer-orbital
electron
structure.
Types of Elements
Types of Elements
Metals
  Are solids at room
temperature,
  have high luster,
  are good conductors
of heat and
electricity,
  are malleable,
ductile,
  have high melting
points and high
density.
Types of Elements
Nonmetals
  Are not lustrous,
  have low melting
points and
densities,
  Are poor
conductors of
heat and
electricity
Types of Elements
Metalloids
  Have properties
that are
intermediate
between metals
and nonmetals
Types of Elements
Noble Gases
  A family of
elements in the
periodic table
that contain a
particularly
stable electron
structure.
Physical and Chemical
Properties
IT’S ALL IN HOW YOU
LOOK AT IT
States of Matter
Physical and Chemical Properties
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Ypwtjp0FSE
Physical change
 A change in form
 Such
as:
 Size
 Shape
 Physical state
Chemical properties
 The ability of a substance to form new
substances either by reaction with
other substances or by decomposition.
Chemical
Change
A change
producing
products that
differ in
composition
from the
original
substance.
Evidence for Chemical Change
  Bubbles (production of a gas)
  Water vapor
  Light produced
  Precipitation
  Heat being given off or heat absorbed
  Color change (maybe)
Types of Chemical Reactions
  Combustion
  Burning
  Synthesis
  Creating
  Decomposition
  Breaking down
  Single replacement
  Swapping a “partner”
  Double replacement
  Swapping “partners”
Image Sources
  http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/N/
noble_gas.html
  http://www.periodictable.com/Elements/Metalloids/
index.html
  http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/
CommunityCollege/Materials/Introduction/metals.htm
  http://www.ethanolator.com/vacuumdistillation.htm
  http://www.gcsescience.com/e5-filter-paper.htm
  http://www.csmate.colostate.edu/cltw/cohortpages/
viney_off/atomhistory.html