Status of evaluated data for neutron
induced reactions on 238U
in the resonance region
NEMEA-7 / CIELO
A workshop of the Collaborative International Evaluated Library Organization
5-8 November 2013, Geel, Belgium
P. Schillebeeckx
EC – JRC – IRMM
Standards for Nuclear Safety, Security and Safeguards (SN3S)
Evaluations in the RRR
Sowerby and Moxon (1994)
JEF 2, ENDF/B-VI , JENDL 3
(NEANDC Task force)
• Transmission
− ORELA
42 m,
2.00 10-4 to 0.175 at/b,
Olsen et al., NSE 62 (1977) 479
− ORELA
150 m,
3.80 10-3 to 0.175 at/b,
Olsen et al., NSE 69 (1979) 202
• Capture
− ORELA
40 m,
ORELAST (OLS), ϕ (6Li)
1/2
Correction for bias on normalization (x 0.845 e0.3842/E )
− ORELA,
150 m,
ORELAST (OLS), ϕ (6Li)
Correction for bias on normalization
de Saussure et al., NSE 51 (1973) 385
Macklin et al., ANE 18 (1991) 576
Evaluations in the RRR
Sowerby and Moxon (1994)
Derrien et al. (2005)
JEF 2, ENDF/B-VI , JENDL 3
(NEANDC Task force)
ENDF/B-VII.1, JEFF 3.1.2 , JENDL 4.0 (RRR < 20 keV)
• Transmission
− ORELA
42 m,
2.00 10-4 to 0.175 at/b,
Olsen et al., NSE 62 (1977) 479
− ORELA
150 m,
3.80 10-3 to 0.175 at/b,
Olsen et al., NSE 69 (1979) 202
− ORELA
200 m,
1.24 10-2 to 0.175 at/b,
Harvey et al., NDST, Mito (1988)
− GELINA
26 m,
Doppler studies,
Meister et al., NDST, Trieste (1998)
• Capture
− ORELA
40 m,
ORELAST (OLS), ϕ (6Li)
Correction for bias on normalization ( x 0.85)
− ORELA,
150 m,
ORELAST (OLS), ϕ (6Li)
Correction for bias on normalization ( x 1.15)
de Saussure et al., NSE 51 (1973) 385
Macklin et al., ANE 18 (1991) 576
− GELINA
8.7 m, BGO (coincidence)
Only shape < 0.1 eV
Corvi et al., NDST, MITO (1988)
− Activation
Poenitz et al., NSE 78 (1981) 239
thermal and URR
Evaluations in the URR
Evaluation reports
• Poenitz et al.
• Carlson et al.
(1983)
(2012)
Exp. (LSQ)
Exp. (LSQ)
ENDF/B-VI
partly in ENDF/B-VII.1
ANL-83-4 (1983) 288
• Fröhner
• Maslov et al.
• Courcelle et al.
(1989)
(2002)
(2007)
HF
HF
HF
JEFF 3.1.2
MINSK
?
NSE 103 (1989) 119
NDS 110 (2009) 3215
ANE 29 (2002) 1707
NSE 156 (2007) 391
Experimental data base
• See Carlson et al.
• Limited number of TOF + prompt γ -rays, only 1 C6D6 measurement
− Moxon
(1969) Moxon-Rae
− de Saussure et al. (1973) OLS
bias on normalization
− Yamamuro et al.
(1980) C6D6
δN/N = 7%
− Kazakov et al.
(1986) OLS
− Macklin et al.
(1991)
OLS
bias on normalization
NDS 110 (2009) 3215
NSE 51 (1973) 385
JNST 17 (1980) 582
ANE 18 (1991) 567
ANE 18 (1991) 567
⇒ New measurements at GELINA and n_TOF as part of the
ANDES project sponsored by the European Commission.
Additional data
n_TOF
(see presentations F. Mingrone and T. Wright)
• Capture
185 m
∆L ~ 10 cm
Total energy (C6D6 + WF)
• Capture
185 m
∆L ~ 10 cm Total absorption (BaF2)
Normalization : saturated resonance at 6.67 eV with Γn << Γγ
Neutron flux
: combined 6Li(n,α), 235U(n,f)
n = 9.56 10-4 at/b
n = 9.56 10-4 at/b
GELINA
• Transmission
• Capture
50 m
12.5 m
∆L ~ 2.0 cm
6Li-scintillator
∆L ~ 2.5 cm Total energy (C6D6 + WF)
• Capture
60 m
∆L ~ 2.0 cm Total energy (C6D6 + WF)
Normalization : saturated resonance at 6.67 eV with Γn << Γγ
Neutron flux
: 10B(n, α) ≤ 120 keV
235U(n,f) ≥ 120 keV
nELBE (HZDR, A. Junghans)
• Transmission
n = 2.40 10-3 at/b
n = 1.92 10-3 at/b
n = 9.56 10-4 at/b
TOF - Facility GELINA
Pulsed white neutron source
(10 meV < En < 20 MeV)
FLIGHT PATHS
NORD
Neutron energy : time-of-flight (TOF)
Multi-user facility: 10 flight paths
ELECTRON
LINAC
(10 m - 400 m)
Measurement stations with special
equipment to perform:
TARGET HALL
• Total cross section measurements
• Partial cross section measurements
FLIGHT PATHS
SOUTH
Mondelaers and Schillebeeckx, Notizario 11 (2006) 19
σ(n,γγ) measurements at GELINA
Total energy detection principle
L = 12.5 m and 60 m
• C6D6 + PHWT
• 125o
Flux measurements (IC)
• < 120 keV : 10B(n,α)
back – to back layer
• > 120 keV : 235U(n,f)
Yexp
Cw − Bw
=N
Yϕ
Cϕ − Bϕ
δYexp
Yexp
≤ 2%
Schillebeeckx et al., Nuclear data sheets, 113 (2012) 3054 - 3100
WF : from MC simulations
Validated by experiment
Cw (t) = ∫ Cc (t,Ed ) WF(Ed ) dEd
Borella et al., NIM A 577 (2007) 626
σ(n,γγ) measurements for 238U at 12.5 and 60 m
Sample
Size
Mass
Areal density
mm x mm
g
at/b
238
U (1)
53.67 x 30.21
6.170 ± 0.020
(9.570 ± 0.050) 10-4
238
U (2)
53.08 x 30.03
6.030 ± 0.020
(9.628 ± 0.050) 10-4
234U
: < 1ppm
235U : 11ppm
236U : < 1ppm
σ(n,γγ) measurements for 238U at 12.5 m
3
10
102 keV
Cϕ
2.9 keV
238
-3
U : 1.92 10 at/b
Cw
2
Bw
Bϕ,ov
10
Bϕ,n
1
10
Yexp = N
0
10
Cw − Bw
Yϕ
Cϕ − B ϕ
10
Counts / (1/ns)
Counts / (1/ns)
Bϕ
1
2.0
1.5
1.0
-1
10
3
10
4
10
5
0.1
3
10
6
10
10
Time - of - flight / ns
18000
20000
4
10
5
10
Time-of-fligth / ns
0
10
2.9 keV
-1
10
Yield
16000
Fixed background filters
-2
10
-3
10
⇒ δYexp/Yexp ~ 2.5 % due to Bw
-4
10
-5
10
3
10
Schillebeeckx et al., NDS, 113 (2012) 3054 - 3100
4
10
5
10
Time-of-flight / ns
6
10
6
10
σ(n,γγ) measurements for 238U at 12.5 m
3
238
-3
U : 1.92 10 at/b
Er = 6.673 eV
102 keV
2.9 keV
238
-3
U : 1.92 10 at/b
Cw
Ycal
Bϕ
Bw
REFIT
B ,ov
2
1.0
10
Yield
Counts / (1/ns)
Yexp
Cϕ
ϕ
Bϕ,n
0.9
1
10
0.8
Yexp = N
0
10
0.7
Cw − Bw
Yϕ
Cϕ − B ϕ
10
Counts / (1/ns)
10
1.1
1
2.0
1.5
1.0
-1
3
10
0.6
358
4
10
5
10
360 - of - 362
Time
flight / ns364
Time-of-flight / µs
Internal normalization
+ WF depending on σtot
+ flux 10B(n,α)
0.1
3
10
6
10
366
0
16000
18000
20000
4
10
5
10
Time-of-fligth / ns
10
2.9 keV
-1
10
Yield
10
Fixed background filters
-2
10
-3
⇒ δN/N < 1.0 %
10
⇒ δYexp/Yexp ~ 2.5 % due to Bw
-4
10
-5
10
3
10
Schillebeeckx et al., NDS, 113 (2012) 3054 - 3100
4
10
5
10
Time-of-flight / ns
6
10
6
10
σ(n,γγ) measurements for 232Th at 12.5 m
3
10
4
TOF - spectrum / (1/ns)
10
'
Cϕ
C'γ
'
Bϕ
3
Black Resonances
10
'
Bγ
2
10
2
'
10
Yexp
1
10
102710
2850
132.00
C − Bw
=N w
Yϕ
Cϕ − B ϕ
'
Cγ
1
10
'
Bγ
'
Bγ 0
18.83 5.19 eV
'
Bγ 1
0
10
1
10
100
1000
Internal normalization
+ WF depending on σtot
+ flux 10B(n,α)
⇒ δN/N < 1.0 %
Borella et al., NSE 152 (2006) 1-14
Yexp
Time-Of-Flight / µs
0
10
0
232
Th(n,γ)
t = 0.5 mm
10
-1
10
-2
10
-3
10
-4
Normalization
URR
20 22 24
10000
100000
Neutron Energy / eV
10
Bγ0
1
'
Bγ1
B'γ =aoB'γ0 + a1B'γ1
10
100
Time-Of-Flight / µs
Fixed background filters
⇒ δa1/a1 < 2 % & δa0/a0 < 1%
⇒ δYexp/Yexp ~ 1 %
due to Bw
See also 197Au by B. Becker
σ(n,tot) RRR: Experimental data ↔ evaluation
0.65
Er = 36.68 eV
Yexp
Asymptotic scattering
Resonance scattering (DBRC)
Capture at 12.5 m (GELINA)
Yield
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.45
153.5
154.0
Time-of-flight / µs
Dagan et al., ND2013
EC-JRC-IRMM and KIT
B. Becker and R. Dagan
154.5
σ(n,tot) RRR: Experimental data ↔ evaluation
0.20
GELINA 60 m
n_TOF 185 m
ENDF/B-VII.1 REFIT
0.15
0.10
0.15
Yield
0.05
0.10
0.00
344
346
348
350
352
0.05
0.00
300
400
500
Neutron energy / eV
600
σ(n,tot) RRR: Experimental data ↔ evaluation
0.10
0.08
GELINA 60 m
n_TOF 185 m
ENDF/B-VII.1 REFIT
0.06
0.04
Yield
0.02
0.06
0.00
845
850
855
860
0.04
0.02
0.00
600
700
800
900
Neutron energy / eV
1000
σ(n,tot) RRR: Experimental data ↔ evaluation
238
-4
U : 1.85 10 at/b
Transmission
1.0
Texp
Tfit
REFIT
0.5
0.0
1
10
100
Neutron energy / eV
1000
σ(n,tot) RRR: Experimental data ↔ evaluation
Transmission
0.6
Texp ORELA 0.175 at/b
Tcal
Derrien et al.
Tcal
adjust Er, Γn, R'
10
20
30
40
Neutron energy / eV
0.4
0.2
0.0
0
50
σ(n,tot) URR: Experimental data ↔ evaluation
18
Harvey et al.
Poenitz et al.
σ(n,tot) / barn
17
16
15
BROND-2.2
CENDL-3.0
ENDF/B-VII.1
JEFF-3.1.2
JENDL 4.0
14
13
12
11
10
0
20
40 60 80 100 120 140
Neutron energy / keV
σ(n,γγ) URR: Experimental data ↔ evaluation
1/2
1/2
(σ(n,γ) x E ) / (b eV )
GELINA (prel.)
90
Poenitz (1987)
Carlson et al. (2009)
ENDF/B-VII.1
80
70
60
50
1000
10000
100000
Neutron energy / eV
1/2
1/2
(σ(n,γ) x E ) / (b eV )
σ(n,γγ) URR: Experimental data ↔ evaluation
90
GELINA (prel.)
de Saussure et al. (x 0.85)
Macklin et al. (x 0.92)
Carlson et al. (2009)
RRR : x 1.15
80
70
60
50
1000
10000
100000
Neutron energy / eV
1/2
1/2
(σ(n,γ) x E ) / (b eV )
σ(n,γγ) URR: Experimental data ↔ evaluation
90
GELINA (prel.)
de Saussure et al. (x 0.85)
Macklin et al. (x 0.92)
Kazakov et al.
Carlson et al. (2009)
80
70
60
50
1000
10000
100000
Neutron energy / eV
1/2
1/2
(σ(n,γ) x E ) / (b eV )
σ(n,γγ) URR: Experimental data ↔ evaluation
90
GELINA (prel.)
de Saussure et al. (x 0.85)
Macklin et al. (x 0.92)
Kazakov et al.
Yamamuro et al.
Carlson et al. (2009)
Uncertainties quoted by Carlson et al.?
80
70
60
50
1000
10000
100000
Neutron energy / eV
Summary
Evaluation in RRR
• Derrien et al.
− Transmission from ORELA
− Only capture data from ORELAST
− Capture data suffers from a bias on the normalization
Evaluation in URR
• Total
− Harvey et al. (ORELA 200 m) and Poenitz et al.
• Capture
− Based on experimental data (LSQ) (Carlsson et al.)
− Only 1 data set from C6D6
⇒ Improvements by including new data from measurements
• (n,γγ)
: at GELINA (C6D6 at 12.5 and 60 m) and at n_TOF (C6D6 & BaF2)
• (n,tot) : at nELBE and GELINA (transmission)
Perspectives
New evaluation in RRR
• Transmission from ORELA, including Harvey et al. (+ limited data set from GELINA)
• Capture data from ORELAST
• Capture data from GELINA with C6D6 at 12.5 m and 60 m
• Capture data from n_TOF with C6D6 and BaF2
New evaluation in URR
• Total
− Harvey et al. (ORELA 200 m) and Poenitz et al.
− + data from measurements at GELINA and nELBE
• Capture
− Based on experimental data (LSQ) (Poenitz et al., Carlsson et al.)
− + data from measurements with C6D6 at n_TOF and GELINA (12.5 m and 60 m)
• Methodology applied for 232Th and 197Au : link with optical model
−
232Th
: Sirakov et al. ANE 35 (2008) 1223
−
197Au
: see presentation B. Becker (Sirakov et al., accepted in EPJA)
Contributors:
B. Becker, J.C. Drohe, S. Kopecky, C. Lampoudis, D. Vendelbo, R. Wynants + LINAC operators
EC – JRC – IRMM
H.I. Kim
NDC, KAERI, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
C. Massimi, F. Mengroni
Department of Physics, University of Bologna and sezione INFN of Bologna, Italy
M. Moxon
Scientific visitor, EC - JRC - IRMM
I. Sirakov
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, Bulgaria
T. Wright
University of Manchester, UK
Thank you for your attention