Analysis of Arduino UNO R3 board
Arduino is an open-source microcontroller platform with development environment that
implements Processing/Wiring language which is a subset of C and includes several
libraries. The Arduino Uno R3 is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 (AVR
architecture). It has 20 digital input/output pins where 6 can be used as PWM outputs
and 6 can be used as analog inputs. It can be powered from USB port or from external
DC power supply. Integrated USB connection can be used for simple FLASH ROM
programming or for communication with other devices. Included library allows serial
communication on any of the Uno's digital pins. The ATmega328 also
supports I2C (TWI) and SPI communication. The Arduino software includes a Wire
library to simplify use of the I2C bus.
Features of the Arduino UNO:
Microcontroller:
ATmega328
Operating Voltage: 5V
Input Voltage :
7-12V
Digital I/O Pins:
14 (6 PWM)
Analog Input Pins:
6
DC Current per I/O Pin: 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA
Flash Memory:
32 KB
SRAM:
2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM:
1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed: 16 Mhz
In order to maximize performance and parallelism, the AVR uses Harvard architecture
with separate memories and buses for program and data. Instructions in the program
memory are executed with a single level pipelining. AVR ports have true Read-ModifyWrite functionality when used as general digital I/O ports. Each output buffer has
symmetrical drive characteristics with both high sink and source capability and the pin
driver is strong enough to drive LED displays directly.
Modular design of Arduino board allows easy and fast integration with other
hardware (eg. displays, motors, keyboards ...) and makes AVR microcontroller easier to
program.