GEOGRAPHY 111 MIDTERM I STUDY GUIDE
Midterm I exam will be multiple choice, true/false, and matching.
I’m not looking simply for the definitions of terms, but for you to understand their common-sense
meanings, and real-life examples of them.
INTRODUCTION LECTURE / PARTS OF CHAPTER 1
Human Geography
Physical geography
People/environmental interaction
Space vs. Place
Locale
Location
Sense of place
Global, national and local scales
Globalization from above (and players)
Globalization from below (and players)
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
Major changes in the world since 1990
HUMAN GEOGRAPHIC PRINCIPLES LECTURE/ CHAPTER 1
Globalization
Region
Regional geography
Spatial diffusion
Imperialism
Ethnocentrism
Accessibility
Environmental determinism
Time-space convergence
MAPPING LECTURE / APPENDIX 1
Cartography
Latitude / parallels
Longitude / meridians
Prime Meridian
Elements of a map
International Date Line
Hemispheres
Map Projection
Mercator Projection
Peters Projection
Robinson Projection
Map scales
Cognitive image (mental map)
Remote sensing
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Choroplethic map
Isometric map
Symbolic map
Cartogram
WORLD SYSTEMS LECTURE/ CHAPTER 2
World-system
Core
Semi-periphery
Periphery
Colonialism
Technological innovations
Indirect political rule
Sphere of influence
Decolonization
Neocolonialism
Hegemony
Reasons for European hegemony
Industrial Revolution and its diffusion
Why World War II changed world
Cold War effects on Periphery
Subsidiaries
First World
Second World
Third World
World Village (not numbers,
but relate general ownership)
Tripolar Economy
New International Division of Labor
Four Tigers
Digital Divide
Fast vs Slow World
GLOBAL ASSEMBLY LINE/
LIFE AND DEBT / FREE TRADE FIX / CHAPTER 7
Transnational or multinational corporations
World Bank
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
World Trade Organization
Maquiladora
Export Processing Zone (EPZ)
(Reasons: Lower wages, lower taxes, weaker environmental/health laws, less union organizing)
Workers’ Rights Consortium / college apparel
National debt and “servicing” the debt
Structural adjustment policies (austerity measures) and possible negative effects:
*Privatizing government-owned services (price rises,)
*Devaluation of local currency to enable more exports. (less purchase ability)
*Opening up market to cheap imports from Core (product dumping)
*Limit government social spending (layoffs of state workers, health/education cutbacks)
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY/ CHAPTER 7
(Think in terms of common-sense examples)
Economic geography
Per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Economic agents
Results of “austerity measures”
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
Zapatistas in Mexico
Primary activities
Secondary activities
Tertiary activities
Quaternary activities
Principles of location
Resource dependency
Resource cartel
Agglomeration
Agglomeration diseconomies
Deindustrialization
Rust Belt / “runaway shops”
Sunbelt
Meaning of “Made in the USA”
Developmentalism and problems with concept
“Race to the bottom”
Alternatives for Periphery :
(Skills sharing, market protection,
Microlending, Unions, Keep resource profits,
Debt forgiveness, Debt-for-nature swap)
DEMOGRAPHICS LECTURE / CHAPTER 3 I
Demographics
Population density
Population distribution
Ascribed characteristics
Achieved characteristics
Census
Rate of Natural Increase
National population (four factors)
Doubling Time
Infant mortality rate
Life expectancy rate
Dependency ratio
Graying of the Core
Baby Boom
Population (age-sex) Pyramids
(recognize Core vs. Periphery,
men / women, old /middle/young)
Cohort
Demographic Transition
Reasons periphery parents have kids
Core responsibility for population growth
Policies to lower birth rate (forced, voluntary, social)
MIGRATION LECTURE / TAKING ROOTS VIDEO/ CHAPTER 3 II
Emigration
Immigration
Voluntary migration
Refugees/ Forced migration
Internal refugees
Asylum
Undocumented workers
Push factors
Pull factors
Intervening obstacles
Gross migration
Net migration
Chain migration
Brain drain
Guest workers
Ethnic cleansing
Indian removals
Anti-immigrant arguments
Rebuttals to anti-immigrant arguments
Why Cubans/Vietnamese admitted instead of Haitians/Central Americans
Types of internal migration in U.S.
Great Migration (African Americans from South)
Wisconsin ethnic groups: Germans, Scandinavians, Poles, Latinos, Hmong
CULTURAL IDENTITY will be covered in the 2nd Midterm