Notes Section 5.1-5.2 Microbiology
Microbiology- Study of small living
things.
These organisms come in a variety of
shapes and include Pathogens (affect
health), bacteria, and protists.
There are 2 types of organisms- can see
and those you can’t.
Classified in 6 kingdoms
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Micro
Multicellular
Archaea
animals
Bacteria
fungi
Protists
plants
-Cells get energy from molecules- this
helps them move and sense their
environment.
-As living things increase in size they
need energy to replace worn out parts.
Cells grow and when they get too big
they divide.
Some cells copy themselves – Binary
Fission- Bacteria- daughter cell is exact
replica of the parent (including DNA).
Bacteria uses this and multiplies every
20 mins.
Response to Change (sign of life)
Light, temp, touch, avoid being eaten,
performs tasks necessary for survival.
Food- Some like plants (autotrophic) or
animals (heterotrophic).
H2O, CO2, and O2 are essential.
5.2
Bacteria
Simplest form of Life.
Hundreds of millions on your skin.
Trillions in your digestive tract (help you
digest food).
Found everywhere
Composed of 1 cell and no nucleus
DNA inside the cytoplasm
no organelles
reproduces with binary fission.
Contains molecules
*Larger than a virus (can filter these).
****3shapes-rod, spiral, and round.
3 Roles
1. producers- cyanobacteria- contain
chlorophyll and are found as food
sources in the Ocean. Produce O2.
2. decomposers-break down dead
material.-sewage clean up
****(bioremediation), oil spills, converts
nitrogen gas to nitrogen compounds
(nitrogen fixation), aid in digestion.
3. parasites- Staphylococcus- (MRSA).
Harmful Bacteria- causes diseases. TB,
Cholera, Diarrhea. Can dissolve your
cells. Can get vaccines for them, and
antibiotics.