LATIN AMERICA in the 20th CENTURY
Problems After Independence, Post-1820s


 dominance by Creoles 
 castas’ class divisions =

o monoculture =
 foreign intervention
o
20th Century Trends in Latin America
 Mexican Revolution (1910-1920) sets example for change in Latin America

 radical movements found appeal amongst
o
 military dictatorships common
o

 Post-Cold War:
o

Guatemala

o
 1944, Juan Arevalo & 1951, Jacobo Arbenz elected
o
 US feared
o CIA backed coup, 1954
o
 favored US trade interests

Cuba

o Cuban peasants in poverty


o politically repressive & corrupt
o showed favoritism to
o peasants & students use

o
o promised reforms

Castro:
o
o censorship + jailed/executed rivals
 exiles & refugees fled to
o
o successes in healthcare & public education
o
o

US reaction?
o


o
Cuba impoverished after
Mexico
 Outcomes of the Mexican Revolution (1910-20)?
o
o Constitution of 1917 promised reforms
o

 President Lazaro Cardenas, 1934-40
o
o
o

Modern Politics:
o 2000,
 President Vicente Fox (PAN)
o 2 multi-party elections since

Modern Economy:
o 1980s-present: more support for free-market system
o developing industrial economy

o NAFTA, 1994

 Goal?:

How?:

Benefits of NAFTA?

Drawbacks of NAFTA?
Elsewhere in Latin America
 Dictatorships & Dependencies
o ex.




Democracy & Development
o ex.
