Chlorophytes

Freshwater eukaryotic algae that with chlorophyll a and b.

Autotrophs that store food as starch and have cellulose cell walls.

Ancestral to land plants (depend on water).

They are not classified under Kingdom Plantae - belong to the Kingdom Protista
Bryophytes ( Non-vascular Plants )

Without a vascular system xylem, phloem. No root, stem, leaves

quite small (1 –2 cm high)

They need moist environment to live.

They need water for their reproduction. They obtain water by osmosis and
Diffusion.

Ex: Moss, Liverworts, Hornworts
Tracheophytes ( Vascular Plants )

Plants with vascular system (Xylem, Phloem) that transports water, minerals, sugars, and other nutrients throughout the plant body.

They can grow very high.

They can have seed or can be without seeds.
Seedless Vascular Plants – ferns
Plants producing seeds – Gymnosperms, Angiosperms
Gymnosperm

Gymnosperms (meaning "naked seeds") are seed-bearing plants that that don't produce flowers.

They release pollen into the air to the female ovule, causing fertilization.

needle-shaped leaves to conserve moisture

Ex: Conifers like pines, redwoods, and fir (evergreen)
Angiosperm o Also known as flowering plants. o Unlike gymnosperms the seeds are enclosed in the ripened ovary Fruit o In temperate zones, many angiosperms are deciduous trees, In tropical zones, many are evergreen trees. o Ex oaks, willows, maples and birches.

Types of Angiosperm – Dicotyledon, Monocotyledon
Dicotyledon

Characterized by the presence of only two seed leaves when they first sprout (di
= two, cotyledon = seed leaf).

Dicots usually have flower parts in fours and fives

Leaves are usually net-veined rather than having parallel veins.

Herbaceous and woody stems
Monocotyledon

Characterized by solitary seed leaves (mono = one, cotyledon = seed leaf)

Having flower parts in groups of three

Leaves with parallel veins.

Almost all are herbaceous plants
( die completely at the end of the growing season).